Drawing Program Research Articles

Arduino Based Flight Control Card Design and Quadcopter Integration

Unmanned aerial vehicles are used quite widely today, especially quadcopters, which we often encounter in areas such as the defense industry, agriculture, and civil aviation. Dec Jul Flight control cards are the products with the highest cost among these products, especially for someone who has a hobby in civilian life or who is curious about electronics and aviation, so it is quite expensive to supply or produce these vehicles. We are designing and producing a cost-effective, easily accessible, and affordable flight control card by using Arduino and Gyroscope sensors in the works we are planning. At the same time, a design is considered one in which the user can code as open-source hardware. The project has two working areas, hardware and software. The work in the hardware field involves designing the flight control board through the drawing program, producing printed circuits for the designed board, and integrating Arduino Mega and other components into this board. On the software side, it is the control algorithm and flight software coding via Arduino IDE. Due to the fact that it has a large number of libraries, it is accessible and understandable to most people, so the Arduino IDE program has been used.

An Investigation of Drawing Skills' Role in Art And Design Teaching and Learning in Higher Education Academies

This study investigated the relationship between drawing and design skills in higher education academies specialising in art and design. Contradictory views -spread among the faculty members and transferred to the students- over the role of drawing skills in supporting designers' abilities and skills are presented and discussed. One viewpoint asserts that the ability to draw is equal to the ability to design. On the other hand, others believe that drawing does not equip design students with appropriate skills, especially in light of modern technology tools, including art and design computer software. This contradiction in ideas and visions between those in charge of the educational process directly impacts achieving design programs' learning outcomes. This research discussed this issue by examining the correlation between students' drawing and design abilities. Therefore, the marks achieved by female students in the Design Department, majoring in graphic design, at Al Zahra College for Women in the Sultanate of Oman were studied with a focus on graduation project grades and drawing courses. A statistical analysis of this relationship using a t-test found a strong positive correlation between graduation project grades and the average grades of three drawing courses (r=0.79, R2=0.62, p>0.05). Moreover, the statistical data supports accepting the null hypothesis, meaning no difference exists between the data obtained for the representative drawing and design courses. Consequently, it is evident through this study that drawing courses positively and strongly support students' performance in the graduation project, representing the highest level of design abilities. The results of this study could be adopted by design programs to focus on freehand drawing skills and courses besides other skills, such as technological skills, including using drawing and design software programs.

Comparative analysis of foreign and Russian software for libraries

The author accomplishes comparative analysis of Russian and foreign software for the library sector. The need for such analysis is determined by the strategy of import substitution stimulated by the Western sanctions. Software and databases recommended for purchase and application on the territory of the Russian Federation are included into the Russian Software Register and Eurasian Software Register. Every library uses its own software package, however, the essential software includes operating system, web browser, office suite, automated library information system (ALIS). The author compares the core functionality of each software type: OS (Microsoft Windows, Astra Linux, Alt Linux, RedOS), web browsers (Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Yandex Browse), and office software suite (Microsoft Office, LibreOffice, MyOffice, R7-Office). The comparison between foreign and Russian ALIS is inappropriate because, unlike other software categories, Russian ALISes were initially developed by Russian companies in Russian reality, in accordance with Russian laws and Russian traditions of librarianship. The author suggests that the main functionality of foreign and national software beyond the accomplished analysis (e. g. video editors, drawing programs, etc.) is also similar. Based on the comparative analysis of foreign and Russian software, the author concludes that their core functionality are similar which means that import substitution would not impact the organizational information processes significantly.The paper is prepared under the Government Order to RNPLS&T for 2023, project No. 720000F.99.1.BN60AA03000, theme No. 1021062311369-1- 1.2.1;5.8.2,5.8.3.

Implementing the Propeller Speed Control of Drone Designed in Solidworks in CoppeliaSim Robotic Simulator Environment with Codes Prepared in Matlab

Real-time applications of autonomous systems are simulated in the computer environment to ensure that they operate error-free or with minimal errors. Coppeliasim, used in this field, is a platform where several sample models, robots, sensors and actuators are used together, a virtual world is created and interacted with it throughout the working period. Having a comprehensive toolbox, autonomous vehicle training and virtual reality, Coppeliasim's compatibility with Solidworks, a very useful design program for drawing, seems to be a great advantage. Due to these features, CoppeliaSim is very important in predicting and solving problems that may arise in many different applications. The propeller movement of the drone, which we designed with the Solidworks 2020 program and transferred to the Coppeliasim platform using the URDF exporter method, was carried out with the Coppeliasim simulator. In our work, Coppeliasim is synchronized with the simulator and MATLAB API codes. While the drone propellers were working on the Coppeliasim platform, angular speed and timing controls were made using the codes we prepared in the MATLAB program. Additionally, this work shows that drones or different autonomous systems can be controlled and designed before real-time operation using the Coppeliasim simulator and the MATLAB program.

Auto-generation of paper patterns for children’s jeans

This study aimed to address these limitations by employing a systematic approach. Initially, body measurements of 115 children were meticulously recorded and subjected to statistical analysis. Subsequently, a children’s jeans paper pattern was chosen, and a predictive model for pattern sizing was developed using BP neural networks. Additionally, a parametric mathematical model was constructed by integrating the design principles of the paper pattern. Using the Visual-LISP programming language on the Auto-CAD 2020 edition platform, an editing process was performed to create a children’s jeans automatic drawing program. The predicted pattern size data for children’s jeans were then imported into the DCL dialog box of Auto-CAD, enabling the automatic generation of paper patterns. To evaluate the effectiveness of the approach, the generated garment paper patterns were imported into the CLO-3D virtual fitting software.

The Effect of Using Digital Drawing Programs in Secondary Education Visual Arts Class on Students' Environmental Attitudes and Creativity

Bu araştırma görsel sanatlar dersini alan ortaöğretim 10. Sınıf öğrencilerinin temel tasarım ilke ve elemanları ünitesindeki uygulamalarını dijital çizim programları kullanarak gerçekleştirmelerinin çevresel algı ve yaratıcılıklarına olan etkisini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak öğrencilerin görüşlerini derinlemesine araştırabilme imkânı sağlanmıştır. Araştırmada çalışma grubunu, Menemen ilçesine bağlı Halide Gencer Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesinde, 2021-2022 bahar yarıyılında 10. Sınıfta öğrenim gören ve Görsel Sanatlar dersini alan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada 12 sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmış, analizleri yapılmıştır. Lise düzeyi görsel sanatlar dersi alan bir grup öğrenci üzerinde yapılan araştırmada öğrencilere uygulama yapabilecekleri basit düzeyde dijital çizim programları kullandırılmış, bu sayede öğrenmiş oldukları temel tasarım bilgilerini uygulamaları sağlanmıştır. Bu araştırma sonucu elde edilen bulgular ışığında; öğrencilerin çevresel duyarlılıklarının arttığı ve yaratıcı düşünme becerilerine olumlu etkileri olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir.

Cylindrical cam mechanism design with visual basic

One of the technology products that have taken an important place in our lives from the past to the present is power and motion transfer elements. Power and motion transfer elements are very important for users in terms of facilitating work transfer, easing the workload based on people and ergonomics. One of the basic building blocks of these transmission systems is cam mechanisms. Cam mechanisms consisting mainly of followers and cams; It performs a complementary task by transmitting the follower's movement to the cam assembly by direct contact. While cam mechanisms lighten the work load, it is a frequently preferred system because it takes up little space and contains few parts and allows for a wide range of movements. However, sensitivity to vibration and sudden shock effects and cost problems have led to the development of manufacturing methods of cam mechanisms. In this master's thesis, design and mathematical information about cam mechanisms and cylindrical cam mechanisms are given, and the design of a cylindrical cam mechanism with a vertical multiple output limb was carried out using computer-aided drawing programs Solidworks and Autocad. The use of multiple output limb cam mechanisms is increasing day by day in terms of the width of the work area and the possibility to work with other machines. For this reason, this work is intended to be a guide resource for the reader in industry and science for both cam mechanisms and cylindrical cam mechanisms. Microsoft Excel and Visual Basic programs were used in the calculations and designs, and the design details of the mechanism were revealed with the data and formulas entered into the program.

THE STRUCTURE OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING LANDSCAPES IN CENTRAL EUROPE

Structurality is one of the important peculiarities of landscapes of different genesis and levels of organization. The structure of the landscape determines its physiognomic organization, shape, spatial and structural features. Garden and park landscapes are examples of constructive territory planning, cultural or «soft» use of natural conditions and resources, organization of supplementary interaction between man and nature. Therefore, the study of the structure of garden and park landscapes of Central Europe is an actual scientific problem. The aim of the article: to research the structure of garden and park landscapes of Central Europe. Studies of the structure of garden and park landscapes of Central Europe have been based on the principle of natural-anthropogenic coexistence. General scientific and specific scientific research methods have been used, namely: on the basis of expeditionary methods maps of the landscape structure of garden and park landscapes of the study area have been constructed. Spatial structure models have been built in the Corel Draw program based on the digitized surface of the planet Earth in the Google Earth program, vertical profiles of the relief of garden and park landscapes have been done with the help of Google Earth Pro tools. Studies of the daily state of garden and park landscapes have been carried out according to the generally accepted method of performing microclimatic observations. The article presents maps of the landscape structure and spatial configurations of the following garden and park landscapes: Pechersky Park (Pechera village, Tulchynsky District, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine), Sokilets Park (Sokilets Village, Vinnytsia District, Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine), park Arcadia (Nieborow, Lod Voivodeship, Poland). Vertical relief profiles have been constructed. The temporal structure of changes in the state of garden and park landscapes in the research area have been studied using the example of the garden and park landscape of the Sofiivka National Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Uman, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine).

Abstract P039: Framework for genomic cancer risk assessment dissemination and implementation in Latin America: The GRACIAS (genetic risk assessment for cancer implementation and sustainment) study

Abstract Introduction: Lack of public insurance coverage for genetic testing and a limited trained genomic cancer risk assessment (GCRA) workforce are barriers to cancer screening and prevention and to understanding the genetic epidemiology of cancer in low/middle income countries (LMIC) in Latin America. Methods: We implemented an intervention that included professional education for clinicians in Mexico, Peru and Colombia, support from a community of practice and a federated consortium of collaborators, a versatile research registry with a dual purpose (research and clinical care) centralized relational database and pedigree drawing program (web-accessible), and economical NGS multigene panel tests (MGPT). We report here the outcomes of GCRA for 4181 probands (3170 breast, 301 ovarian, 965 other cancer, and 262 unaffected). Results: With a mean age of 45.2 y.o. (39.9 y.o. at breast cancer dx for carriers), a pathogenic variant (PV) was detected in 605 (14.5%) of 2,710 probands (BRCA testing only for 1387, MGPT for 1323): BRCA1 (n=250); BRCA2 (129); CHEK2 (24); PALB2 (20); ATM (14); TP53 (14); PTEN (6); CDH1 (5); MMR genes (62); RAD51C (6); and BRIP1 (3). We have documented growing reach (proportion of those eligible that access GCRA), increasing cascade testing (family member(s) tested (n=541) for 192/470 [40%] probands with a PV), and with median 2.2 years follow up, 209 risk reduction surgeries were performed. Summary: Remarkably, despite systemic limitations, integration of a skilled multidisciplinary team with access to genetic assays and practice support tools, community, and hospital outreach increased GCRA reach, and the expansion of cascade testing and performance of risk-appropriate surgeries reflect maturing prevention programs. Sustainment of progress requires increased multilevel efforts and establishment of GCRA as a supported standard of care, so the opportunity for prevention is not missed for vulnerable and underserved high-risk patients and families. Citation Format: Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Julio Abugattas, Cynthia Villarreal-Garza, Adrian Daneri Navarro, Alicia Cock-Rada, Yenni Rodriguez, Pamela Mora-Alferez, Dione Aguilar, Azucena del Toro-Valero, Francisco Gutierrez-Delgado, Ana Ferrigno, Josef Herzog, Danielle Castillo, Gubidxa Gutierrez Seymour, Bita Nehoray, Kathleen R. Blazer, Maria E. Fernandez, Yanin Chavarri Guerra. Framework for genomic cancer risk assessment dissemination and implementation in Latin America: The GRACIAS (genetic risk assessment for cancer implementation and sustainment) study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Precision Prevention, Early Detection, and Interception of Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-19; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2023;16(1 Suppl): Abstract nr P039.

Pulse Wave Generation Method for PPG by Using Display

The extensive research on wearable devices has led to devices with various shapes and mounting locations.Wearable devices are often used to record the user’s biometric information, and methods have been proposed to detect physical abnormalities from the acquired data. Among various kinds of biometric data, pulse data has been used in methods such as heart rate monitoring and emotion recognition. The most common type of pulse sensor uses photoplethysmography (PPG), which irradiates a green LED on the skin and measures pulse data from changes in the light reflected from blood vessels. PPG sensors have been implemented in commercially available wearable devices such as smartwatches. However, a PPG sensor requires blood flow for data acquisition, and when a smartwatch is worn on an artificial body part such as a prosthetic hand or a robotic arm, data cannot be acquired because there is no blood flow. In this study, we propose a method that enables a PPG sensor to measure arbitrary pulse data by using a display. If this method is successful, it will enable pulse data measured at the junction of a living limb and an artificial limb to be input to the display; then, a smartwatch attached to the artificial limb will read the same pulse data. In this paper, we focus on the heart rate and report the results of an experiment in which a target heart rate was input and the display was controlled accordingly to determine whether the target heart rate could be obtained by a smartwatch. We implemented a display drawing program and conducted the evaluation with five kinds of smartwatches and four kinds of displays. The results showed that the error between the target heart rate and the heart rate acquired by the smartwatch was within 3 beats per minute (bpm) in many cases when the target heart rate was set to 60–100 bpm. When the target heart rate was set to 40–55 and 105–200 bpm, the heart rate could also be input to the smartwatch with a small error under certain conditions. Moreover, when generated PPG data was imported into heart rate variability (HRV) analysis software, it was recognized as a pulse wave in the same way as real PPG data obtained from a person.We compared the heart rate, RR interval, and SDNN calculated from the real and generated PPG data, and we confirmed that the proposed method could generate stable PPG data. On the other hand, when the waveforms were compared, the generated PPG waveform differed greatly from the real PPG waveform, which indicated that the software could calculate the heart rate, RR interval, SDNN, and LF/HF ratio regardless of the waveform. This result suggests that calculation of these parameters without verifying the waveform would be vulnerable to an attack with fake PPG data.

Strategic Development As An Effective Tool In Building Strategic Security Competencies

Strategic Security Competence is a superior ability that relies on exploring, exploiting, and coordinating strategic resources, organizational expertise, and effective organizational practices to encourage the development of the military's work in a unique and unparalleled manner. In light of the results of the study, the study recommended the need to strengthen the Baghdad Operations Command from the development of planning as the central pillar of strategic development through systematic strategic decision-making, as well as the adoption of the following mechanisms: setting goals and objectives and drawing programs and tactics to establish security in Iraq. Also, to choose the appropriate alternatives in a way that enhances its strengths and pushes it to avoid its various challenges

Implementation of a Lightweight and Portable Horn Antenna Using 3-D Printing Technology

In this study, a horn antenna operating at 5.8GHz centre frequency, which is an ISM operating frequency, is de-signed and manufactured. The novelty of the antenna is that it is produced using a 3D printer with a conductive filament containing carbon nanotube particles. The geometric dimensions of the antenna were calculated by means of an antenna design software. Then, the size of the radiating element of the antenna was optimized to set the centre frequency to 5.8GHz. It has been verified by electromagnetic simulations that the designed antenna exhibits this centre frequency. Then, the designed antenna geometry was sketched in a 3-dimensional drawing program and made ready for printing. This antenna was fabricated on an Ultimaker 3D printer with a PLA fila-ment containing conductive carbon nanotubes. The radiation element of the antenna and the SMA connector were finally attached to the printed antenna. The frequency response of the antenna is then measured using a vector network analyser and it has been shown that the produced pyramidal horn antenna works in the desired frequency band. The printed antenna has the desired frequency characteristic without the need for any additional coating or conductive spray thanks to the PLA filament containing conductive carbon nanotubes. The produced antenna has a weight of only 64.53 grams, including the SMA connector and the radiation element. The proposed lightweight and practical horn antenna design concept may have important applications considering the advances and needs of mobile defence and telecommunication systems.

Surgical Planning for Mohs Defect Reconstruction in the Digital Age.

Planning for Mohs defect reconstruction is an integral part of fellowship training. Use of a digital drawing program prior to the procedure can be a time-saving and cost-efficient method for surgical planning. It also fosters active engagement in learning through a collaborative and comprehensive discussion of reconstructive options.

Formation of the ability of junior schoolchildren to work with schemes

Children come across sketches and technical drawings even in preschool age in the process of performing constructive and visual activities; they begin to get acquainted with schemes and drawings only at primary school age. It is therefore no coincidence that one of the tasks of teaching in primary school is the formation of sign and symbolic activity among students, which provides specific ways of transforming educational material and performs the following functions: coding — transmission and reception of information; schematization — the use of symbolic means to display educational material; modeling — highlighting and displaying essential features of an object by operating with symbolic means. The article analyzes the possibilities of forming in junior schoolchildren the ability to work with schemes in the process of teaching construction using the Cuboro constructor. The main studied concepts, stages of training and their content, skills are considered. The possibility of using the Cuboro Draw program in working with younger students is shown. The Cuboro Draw interface and the process of creating schemes in this program are described.

Transforming 3D printed CNC prototype into a plotter

We often hear about numerical control or CNC abbreviated. With this type of control, we can automatically control various processing tools such as: drills, lathes, milling cutters, rapid prototyping printers, etc. The instructions they need to receive will be in the form of a Gcode sequential program generated by the CAD / CAM drawing and manufacturing program. In the case of 3D printers, the CAD / CAM information is passed through a slicer specific to that printer, which “cuts” the object into printing slices. CNC systems are used today for virtually any process that has movements and operations, including laser cutting, hole punching, fabric cutting, welding, etc. because most CNC systems built today are 100% electronic. 3D printing of a CNC was a real challenge that aimed to understand the principles of obtaining and operating a CNC. I found that we basically have 3 devices with the same basic principles: CNC milling cutter, 3D printer and plotter. So I created a CNC that I turned into a plotter just to highlight the above.

Computer Aided Drawing Programs in Interior Architecture Education

Interior architecture education has displayed much variability from the past to the present day. Additionally, computer-aided drawing systems have become an irreplaceable part of interior architecture education, as in all other design disciplines. The contribution of computers in education to the design process has created a process of, Hand drawing – Design – Design in computer environment – Product – Prototype. Currently, traditional drawing methods are used much less. Computer-aided drawing programs in universities display differences in terms of models and content. Additionally, the year and semester in which these lessons are taught are different in every university. In this context, this study deals with computer-aided drawing lessons in a total of 63 programs in 31 interior architecture departments and 32 interior architecture and environmental design departments in Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus linked to the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) currently. This research was completed with the screening model. Data collection started in October 2020 and was completed at the end of 15 days. Screening was performed to learn which programs are taught in the programs in interior architecture and interior architecture and environmental design departments in different faculties. The software features of these programs were analyzed. The results of the study revealed the similarities of the different programs to each other.

In-silico Analysis of Terpenes From Mentha rotundifolia (L) As Human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-Related Carboxypeptidase (ACE2) Inhibitors

The Mentha genus includes several species such as Mentha rotundifolia L., which is widely distributed around the Mediterranean basin, America and in western Asia. The plant is recommended in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases. It has also been used to discover biomolecules that have significant beneficial effects with fewer side effects. Mentha rotundifolia (L) leaves are potential as an antihypertensive cause of terpenes which contain in them. 36 different terpenes and terpenoids have been identified and selected from this plant. This study evaluated the mechanism of phytoconstituents from the above plant in the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) with molecular docking. Selected ligands were docked on the receptor (PDB ID: 1R4L) using Auto Dock Vina and analysed by PyMol. 2D and 3D structures of compounds were drawn by the Chem Draw program. The standard drug that has been taken for the study, lisinopril, has shown a binding affinity of -7.8 Kcal/mol. Calacorene, one of the terpenes present in the plant, has interacted with Phe274, Asp367, Glu406, Thr445, Thr371 residues of protein and produced a docking score similar to that of the standard drug Lisinopril. In the light of the results obtained, the plant studied is promising as a source of natural hypotensive agent that can be further developed as a lead molecule.

EDock-ML: A web server for using ensemble docking with machine learning to aid drug discovery.

EDock-ML is a web server that facilitates the use of ensemble docking with machine learning to help decide whether a compound is worthwhile to be considered further in a drug discovery process. Ensemble docking provides an economical way to account for receptor flexibility in molecular docking. Machine learning improves the use of the resulting docking scores to evaluate whether a compound is likely to be useful. EDock-ML takes a bottom-up approach in which machine-learning models are developed one protein at a time to improve predictions for the proteins included in its database. Because the machine-learning models are intended to be used without changing the docking and model parameters with which the models were trained, novice users can use it directly without worrying about what parameters to choose. A user simply submits a compound specified by an ID from the ZINC database (Sterling, T.; Irwin, J. J., J Chem Inf Model 2015, 55[11], 2,324-2,337.) or upload a file prepared by a chemical drawing program and receives an output helping the user decide the likelihood of the compound to be active or inactive for a drug target. EDock-ML can be accessed freely at edock-ml.umsl.edu.

Validated TRNSYS Model for Solar Assisted Space Heating System

The present study involves a validated TRNSYS model for solar assisted space heating system as applied to a residential building in Jordan using new detailed radiation models of the TRNSYS 17.1 and geometric building model Trnsys3d for the Google SketchUp 3D drawing program. The annual heating load for a building (Solar House) which is located at the Royal Scienti?c Society (RS5) in Jordan is estimated under climatological conditions of Amman. The aim of this Paper is to compare measured thermal performance of the Solar House with that modeled using TRNSYS. The results showed that the annual measured space heating load for the building was 6,188 kWh while the heati.ng load for the modeled building was 6,391 kWh. Moreover, the measured solar fraction for the solar system was 50% while the modeled solar fraction was 55%. A comparison of modeled and measured data resulted in percentage mean absolute errors for solar energy for space heating, auxiliary heating and solar fraction of 13%, 7% and 10%, respectively. The validated model will be useful for long-term performance simulation under different weather and operating conditions.

STM32-Based Intelligent Desk Lamp Design and Implementation

Table lamps have long been one of the necessities of people’s life and work, as they appear and are used very frequently in household lighting equipment. Table lamps provide the right amount of light for people to work and study in their daily lives. Compared with the general traditional desk lamp, intelligent desk lamps provide a more comfortable lighting environment for people to read, work and study. The paper firstly analyzes the system scheme of the intelligent desk lamp and completes the hardware selection, using STM32F103C8T6 as the main control, HR-SR501 module as the pyroelectric module of the intelligent desk lamp. HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance measures sensor for distance measurement. Bluetooth module HC-05 is the wireless control module of the lamp. Then the interface circuit design of each functional module is completed by drawing schematic diagram through Altium Designer. The program design of each function by drawing program flowchart is completed. The program is written through keil5. Finally, the automatic adjustment of lighting intensity, posture reminder, human infrared sensing and wireless control of the intelligent lamp are realized through a combination of hardware and software. Desk lamp has the advantages of simple operation, energy saving, sitting posture reminder, automatic dimming and wireless control, etc. Compared with the general traditional desk lamp, it solves the problems of traditional desk lamp control not simple enough, high energy consumption and being easy to cause visual fatigue or myopia; therefore, it has high application value and market value.