Program Draft Research Articles

커리어앵커 기반 중학생 진로교육 프로그램 개발

This study develops a career education program based on career anchors for middle school students to develop their career competencies. A survey was conducted on the needs of school field career education teachers and students, a draft of the program was developed based on the literature analysis and survey results. To secure the validity of the content of the program draft, this study identified the draft’s strengths and areas for improvement through expert evaluation. Subsequently, these were reviewed, modified, and supplemented for on-site evaluation. The field application was conducted with 82 students in five third-grade classes at C middle school in P Metropolitan City. The areas of improvement of the program (draft) were derived from the teacher’s reflection diary and student satisfaction survey, which helped develop the final program. The results reveal that the program’s core process was “Understanding myself through career anchors, connecting myself with the future world of work, and designing creative future jobs.” Through various activities, students identify their talents, abilities, motivations, demands, attitudes, and values and confirm their career anchors. Moreover, understanding and predicting the direction of future social and occupational world evolution are crucial in preparation for the changing occupational world. Finally, the direction of the future society and the possibility of one’s career must be considered when designing and creating a new job in the future. This study expects that by developing a career education program based on career anchors, middle school students can thoroughly understand their career anchors and acquire the necessary competencies to design their careers independently.

A reproductive health-care program for surrogate mothers: A mixed methods study.

Surrogacy has become an alternative family formation option for women who are unable to carry a pregnancy. There is no comprehensive care program despite the different nature of this pregnancy. The present study aimed to develop a reproductive health-care program for surrogate mothers within the cultural and social context of Iran. In the present sequential exploratory mixed methods study, first through a qualitative approach surrogate mothers, care providers, and policy makers of reproductive health services were selected purposefully. Data were collected by using the in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed. A care program draft was designed by integrating results of the qualitative study and reviewing the literature and guidelines, then appropriateness of each proposed care was assessed by a two-Rounds Delphi technique (RAM), and the final reproductive health-care program for surrogate mothers was developed. The surrogate mothers' reproductive health needs were summarized in four main categories: surrogate mothers' extra care, educational training, psychological support, and protecting against surrogacy's social and familial consequences. The reproductive health-care program for surrogate mothers were developed in four sections: prepregnancy health screenings and legal counseling; special care during embryo transfer until pregnancy confirmation; psychological support and prenatal care of surrogacy until delivery and follow-up postpartum care. Women face many challenges in surrogacy and need special care such as legal counseling, reproductive health care, and psychological support. Implementation of this care program seems to help improve the reproductive health of these mothers.

Participatory Development of a Modular Advance Care Planning Program in Pediatric Palliative Care (MAPPS)

ContextDecision-making in pediatric palliative care concerns mainly children without decision-making capacity. It has to balance the child's best interests, parental responsibility and the impact on the family system. ObjectivesAdvance care planning (ACP) supports decision making about future medical care. A consistent pediatric approach is still missing. This study aimed at developing a pediatric ACP program (pedACP) meeting specific needs of children, parents and professionals. MethodsBereaved parents of children with life-limiting conditions and professionals involved in pedACP participated. Employing the technique of constellation analysis, they collaboratively assigned content, actors, tools and warning notes about pedACP along a timeline. The researchers analyzed, systematized and translated these results into a pedACP program draft, which was revised by the participants. ResultsThe participants’ overall focus was on the children's quality of life and an individualized interdisciplinary communication process along the disease trajectory. The program was conceptualized in modular design with fixed modules at the beginning (to build a trustful relationship and frame the process) and at the end (to summarize results and prepare implementation). The main discussions are structured in flexible modules (About the child, Emergencies, Disease-specific scenarios and End of life care). General themes cover timing, communication, engaging children and structural issues. The participants appreciated the program's comprehensiveness and flexibility. ConclusionParents and professionals combined their perspectives on reflecting goals of care and the complexity of pedACP. They perceived the resulting modular program as suitable for meeting the individual needs of patients, families and professional stakeholders.

Increasing Mental Health Literacy in Law Enforcement to Improve Best Practices in Policing-Introduction of an Empirically Derived, Modular, Differentiated, and End-User Driven Training Design.

Objective: Law enforcement officers often have contact to persons who show symptoms of mental disorders. Adequately designed training is necessary for developing the best possible practices in policing when coming into contact with mentally ill people, and may help to expand their general knowledge on mental disorders. To achieve a sustainable implementation of training content in daily policing work, the acceptance and proactive integration of methods by the training participants is essential.Method: This study investigates an exemplary modular training curriculum based on a survey with 2,228 German police officers (28.2% female, 71.8% male) concerning their needs and challenges when coming into contact with persons with mental disorders. This empirical end-user driven approach was used to adapt existing training concepts to the current needs and interests of law enforcement personnel in order to maximize compliance.Results: The training program draft includes basic modules which are intended to be of direct interest to all police officers, such as mental disorders with high policing relevance, encountering suicidal patients, (non-directive) communication and de-escalation skills, and mental hygiene in policing. They are arranged in more specialized modules that address specific target group audiences within police forces and the training curriculum provides information about genuine risks and self-protection, trauma sensitivity, and interaction with children and victims among other contents. The self-selectable, modular, and empirically-based continued training program also includes an introduction to local mental health service professionals and networks, trialogue sequences, and situational role play scenarios.Conclusion: Due to frequent contact law enforcement officers have to mentally ill people, improved training designed to maximize knowledge and the integration of trained methods is necessary. Gaining acceptance and proactive support by trainees is ensured through end-user driven implementation of specialized and differentiated up-to-date training programs. Our results showcase how police officers' perspectives on persons with mental illnesses is a main aspect that can and should be used to encourage training course designs.

Development of a discharge education program using the teach-back method for heart failure patients

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) patients have difficulties in self-management after discharge. This study aimed to develop a discharge education program for HF patients using the teach-back method (TBM).Methods As a methodological study to develop a program, we applied the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model comprised of (1) analysis using EMR data, systematic review, and focus group interviews, (2) design and development of a program draft, (3) tests of program validity using 15 experts, 10 nurses, and 10 patients, and (4) development of the final program. The content validity index (CVI), and understandability and actionability of the educational material were used.ResultsThe discharge education program provides definitions and information about medication, symptom/weight/diet management, physical activity, and other precautions. The educational method uses TBM. The overall CVI for the program was 0.96, and all item CVIs were greater than 0.8. The understandability and actionability were 90.2 and 91.3 % in patients, and 94.6 and 86.8 % in nurses. The contents and methods of the program were appropriate for patients and providers.ConclusionsWe expect the discharge education program using TBM to enhance self-management among HF patients. The process we used to develop this program could guide researchers and clinical practice.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TAILORED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM TO ASSESS FALL RISK AND PREVENT FALLS FOR DIVERSE OLDER ADULTS.

Background: There is limited data on personal use fall prevention programs, and the relationship of race and ethnicity on fall risk awareness, personal beliefs, behavior change, and response to intervention. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an educational program to prevent falls for ethnically diverse older adults. This program will be a culturally attuned program that values diversity and seeks to eliminate words and behaviors that might be discriminatory based on racial/ethnic or cultural identity. Methods: Three steps were used to develop the program: 1) constructing content domains; 2) generating the program draft; and 3) judging the program domain and content. The content domains were constructed based on data from a conventional content analysis of four focus groups from older participants (n=28) and their family caregivers (n=4), and individual in-depth interviews from health care providers (n=8). We generated the program outline with three response choices. Eight older participants and two health care providers rated it. Results: The program consisted of risk assessment, outreaching and raising awareness and knowledge. Risk assessment: all participants suggested that risk assessment should consists of objective and subjective measures. Outreaching: participants agreed that group-teaching and individual learning by peer coaching based on their culture, new blasts, brochures, and family-based approaches were the best outreaching methods that they preferred. They identified that raising awareness and knowledge should include the following topics: performing physical activity with fall risk awareness, medication management, visual care, behavioral adaptation with appropriate accessories /equipment, and environmental safety.

MANAJEMEN MUTU PENDIDIKAN MAN INSAN CENDEKIA

The writing is based on research which describes educational quality management of MAN Insan Cendekia as one of madrasas which performs boarding school system focused on academic programs. The research findings are: The first, implementing quality management at boarding school begun with formulating strategic planning/school framework with certain steps: analysis, formulating program draft, socialization, budgeting, and documentation. The process also determines the school programs those are academic, studentship, boarding, facility and media, and networking. The second, the steps of implementation strategy are implementing and evaluating educational program quality. (1) Implementing educational program quality of boarding school begun with the procedures of socializing quality program plan, technical plan, implementation program, monitoring, supervising, and evaluation with bottom up-top down approach; (2) evaluating educational program quality systematically begun with the procedures of self-evaluation, quality internal audit, teacher’s competence evaluation, management evaluation, and external audit. The third, the supporting factors and the constraint ones in implementing educational quality management correlated with raw input, teachers, budgeting, leader’s commitment to quality, facilities, learning environment, and networking. The fourth, the strategic way to improving the educational qualities are integrating school program with boarding programs, formulating life directions, upgrading human resources and facilities/media, building school culture, and networking.
 Keywords. madrasa, boarding school, management, quality.

FDA Statement from Foods and Veterinary Medicine, on National Toxicology Program draft report on Bisphenol A

FDA Statement from Foods and Veterinary Medicine, on National Toxicology Program draft report on Bisphenol A

Démocratie environnementale

Concerning «participatory democracy » , a major development of the previous year is the publication of Decree n° 2017-626 of 27 April 2017, implementing Ordinance of 3 August 2016. The object of the latter was the promotion of proceedings related to public information and participation to the drafting process of decisions which may have an impact on environment, especially proceedings which give an opportunity to the public to participate to the drafting of projects, plans and programmes prior to public inquiry. As the ordinance was often very detailed, the freedom of the framers of the regulation was limited, either to specify the conditions of digitization of public inquiry, or to reduce the burden of the proceedings. Concerning public debate and prior consultation in environmental matters, the situation is slightly different, since the mentioned above decree not only specifies the scope of application and the forms of those two proceedings but also clarifies the implementation conditions of the right of citizen’s initiative.

O for Orientation

Geometry is an ancient discipline dealing with mathematical shapes and patterns, which the ancient Greeks, especially Plato, called “ideas”. In the nineteenth century, when idealism flourished again, geometry went through a phase of re-foundation that made it a modern system of thought, fundamental to cultural and technological development. Through the drafting of programmes and manifestos, typical of that century, it came out of the narrow Euclidean environment and offered mathematicians greater prospects and different choices to interpret the space around us (or in which we address our problems). In this paper, I present some contemporary geometric research programmes, in mathematics as well as in other disciplines, their state of advancement and their applications.

Lessons learned from the development of a school age food allergy education program

Background Education is required to effectively manage food allergy. In young children, parents are the primary managers. Once children enter school, a sh ift should begin towards a shared care model with children beginning to take on more responsibility. We previously developed a food allergy education program for parents of pre-school children and now have developed a new program for school age children and their parents building on our experience with the pre-school program. Method Development steps included: synthesizing knowledge gained from expert advice, a literature review and parents; creation of program objectives, content, teaching tools and facilitator notes; sharing a program draft with experts for feedback; piloting the revised program; making further revisions during the pilot. Results The pilot phase included 6 groups and 22 families (37 parents, 23 children). Children liked the activity-based sessions and benefited from meeting with peers. Parents appreciated the learning opportunity for children. Some parents suggested a less structured format for the adult sessions. Many parents highly valued the peer-to-peer discussions. Parents were interested in the practical aspects of dealing with other people, educating their child, avoiding risk and recognizing and treating reactions. Conclusions In our experience, finding the right approach to food allergy education for school age parents is more complex than for parents of young children or even asthma education for school age parents. Most school age parents have lived with food allergy for a few years and have basic knowledge. However, at this stage their child’s expanding world and relationships present new issues for which many parents value practical advice from others living with the experience. Health care providers should consider the importance of both professional and peer input into education for this population to ensure parents have correct current knowledge and practical skills to help them support and educate their child.

Проект Державної цільової програми модернізації комунальної теплоенергетики на 2012–2016 роки — інноваційна основа технологічного оновлення систем теплозабезпечення населених пунктів України

Проект Державної цільової програми модернізації комунальної теплоенергетики на 2012–2016 роки — інноваційна основа технологічного оновлення систем теплозабезпечення населених пунктів України

Hegel and the Meaning of the Present Moment

“The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it.” As a critique of Feuerbach, which is what it primarily is, this verdict of Marx's seems to me fair enough. But to what extent does it also apply to that other great philosopher with whom Marx is preoccupied: Hegel?Superficially, it might appear that Hegel too is only an ‘interpreter’ of the world. Does he not, after all, repudiate any ambition to ‘give instruction as to what the world ought to be’ in his Preface to the Philosophy of Right? And does he not then famously go on to argue thatphilosophy in any case always comes on the scene too late to give it. As the thought of the world, it appears only when actuality is already there cut and dried after its process of formation has been completed […] The owl of Minerva spreads its wings only with the falling of the dusk —?Well, yes. But the particular sort of ‘instruction’ in question here is the devising of political Utopias, or the drafting of detailed programmes of government. And this is by no means the only way in which thinking may move beyond simple ‘interpretation’ to become strategically effective in worldly terms.

Climatic Impact Assessment Program

As president of the Section of Solar‐Planetary Relationships of the American Geophysical Union I agreed last year, in cooperation with the American Meteorological Society, to sanction, in the name of our union, a scientific review of the Climatic Impact Assessment Program draft monographs 1, 3, and 4. I not only suggested names of referees but, upon request, participated in the process myself.The ‘Executive Summary of the Report of Findings’ by the DOT in my opinion conceals the logical conclusions of the CIAP study as it was presented in the monographs we saw and criticized: it introduces new concepts concerning ultimate SST fleet sizes, flight times, and emission standards without candidly stating the ultimate effect of such fleets by the early twenty‐first century on the stratosphere; and it, together with uncorrected stories based on it and press interviews accompanying its release, have caused serious loss of credibility to atmospheric scientists.

Indonesia's Economic Difficulties

TOWARD Indonesia announced formation of a Supreme Economic Operation charged with overall direction of national economy and with drafting of crash programmes to supply Indonesians with adequate amounts of food and clothing. The sixteen members of new Command have been given military rank (e.g. First Minister Djuanda is a full general) and include various cabinet officials and economists. The new agency conveys a sense of urgency about Indonesia's present economic plight which recent highly publicized campaign of Indonesian government to acquire West New Guinea is no longer able to mask. Indonesia's Foreign Minister Subandrio, after a meeting with President Sukarno, declared on April 16, 1962, that current economic problems were part of risks involved struggle to West New Guinea, and that increasing attention had to be paid to economic problems because the Dutch are now launching actions in economic sphere against Indonesia.1 But neither Subandrio, nor any other government official, has thus far vouchsafed details as to what these Dutch economic subversive acts are, while it is equally evident that reasons for deterioration of Indonesian economy go far beyond government's campaign to liberate West New Guinea although that campaign has certainly aggravated deterioration. In any event present course of economy has wreaked havoc with various economic development schemes, especially with targets of government's national eight year development plan (1961-1968). A case in point is production of rice, country's most important staple. In a three year period, ending with harvest

Conclusion of a Discussion on an Educational Program of the General Instruction School in the Bulgarian People's Republic

The journal "Soviet Education" in issue No. 8 for 1958 carried G. A. Kasvin's article "Discussion of the New Educational Program Draft in the Peoples Republic of Bulgaria" which acquainted the reader with the progress of the wide and very informative discussion which has been carried on for several months in Bulgaria. In the course of the discussion, a series of draft educational programs was published, including that of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The interesting and valuable ideas and proposals which were advanced in numerous articles, were taken into account in working out the final version of the program for the 12-year school. On 8 July this year, the Council of Ministers of the Peoples Republic of Bulgaria approved the new educational program of the general instruction school. It was drafted in accordance with the decree of the CC BCP and the Council of Ministers on further development of public education, and with the decisions of the VIIth Congress.

Indonesia's Economic Difficulties

TOWARD Indonesia announced formation of a Supreme Economic Operation charged with overall direction of national economy and with drafting of crash programmes to supply Indonesians with adequate amounts of food and clothing. The sixteen members of new Command have been given military rank (e.g. First Minister Djuanda is a full general) and include various cabinet officials and economists. The new agency conveys a sense of urgency about Indonesia's present economic plight which recent highly publicized campaign of Indonesian government to acquire West New Guinea is no longer able to mask. Indonesia's Foreign Minister Subandrio, after a meeting with President Sukarno, declared on April 16, 1962, that current economic problems were part of risks involved struggle to West New Guinea, and that increasing attention had to be paid to economic problems because the Dutch are now launching actions in economic sphere against Indonesia.1 But neither Subandrio, nor any other government official, has thus far vouchsafed details as to what these Dutch economic subversive acts are, while it is equally evident that reasons for deterioration of Indonesian economy go far beyond government's campaign to liberate West New Guinea although that campaign has certainly aggravated deterioration. In any event present course of economy has wreaked havoc with various economic development schemes, especially with targets of government's national eight year development plan (1961-1968). A case in point is production of rice, country's most important staple. In a three year period, ending with harvest