Double Inlet Research Articles

Impact of gravity on the performance of multi-inlets and multi-outlets valveless diaphragm micropumps

The influence of gravity plays a crucial role in micropumps’ fluid dynamics. Gravitational forces have an intricate effect on the fluid flow of the micropump. Understanding gravity’s influence on micropump fluid dynamics is critical for improving the fine design features and operational efficacy of the microscale pumping systems. This study conducted thorough a numerical analysis on the Single Inlet Double Outlet Diaphragm (SIDOD) micropump and the Double Inlet Single Outlet Diaphragm (DISOD) micropump to determine how gravity influences the performance. In this research, the optimal frequency is identified as 3 Hz. At this frequency, the SIDOD flow rate increases from 313 μl min−1 without gravity to 327.77 μl min−1 with gravity, marking an increase of 4.77%. Similarly, the DISOD flow rate rises from 177.78 μl min−1 without gravity to 184 μl min−1 with gravity, reflecting an approximate 3.56% increase. A comprehensive understanding of gravity impact is crucial for aerospace applications, where micropumps may operate under fluctuating gravitational conditions. The potential applications of micropumps in medical devices, particularly drug delivery systems, experience gravitational variations.

Echocardiographic imaging and anatomic characteristics of true univentricular heart manifesting as double inlet - double outlet right ventricle: Case report and literature review

Echocardiographic imaging and anatomic characteristics of true univentricular heart manifesting as double inlet - double outlet right ventricle: Case report and literature review

Evaluation of Effective Interfacial Area in a Rotating Packed Bed Equipped with Dual Gas Inlets

This study investigates the effective interfacial area in a novel rotating packed bed (RPB) equipped with dual gas inlets instead of the conventional single-gas-inlet RPB. The aim is to enhance the mass transfer efficiency of gas-liquid contacting processes in RPBs by increasing the number of gas inlets to improve the spread of gas supply into the packing. The RPB is a promising gas-liquid contactor configuration known for its intensified mass transfer characteristics. However, the impact of additional gas inlets on the effective interfacial area of the packing remains unexplored. An experimental method assessed the interfacial area under varying operational conditions which include a liquid flow rate of 0.30-0.60 m3/h, a gas flow rate of 100-300 Nm3/h, and a rotation speed of 600-1000 rpm. At operating conditions covering the maximum rotation speed of 1400 rpm, gas flow and liquid flow rates of 300 Nm3/h and 0.60 m3/h respectively, the results showed that on average, 55 to 97% of the 2400m2/m3 specific packing area can be effectively utilized for gas-liquid mass transfer during separation operations using the RPB. Compared to results reported for single-gas-inlet RPBs using similar packings, the RPB with double gas inlet proved to provide higher utilization of the packing. By simply doubling the number of gas inlets, the findings provide valuable insights into optimizing RPB designs and operations which could enhance mass transfer efficiency for various chemical and environmental applications.

Double inlet left ventricle: Comprehensive echocardiographic anatomy evaluation with special focus on the morphology of atrio-ventricular valves and ventricular septal defect: Case report and literature review

In double inlet left ventricle (DILV), the ventricle most frequently has left ventricle (LV) morphology, although right ventricle (RV), mixed, indeterminate, or undifferentiated morphologies have been reported. The main ventricle is largely a morphological LV with an outlet chamber connected to it which has a RV morphology. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) or bulboventricular foramen size and anatomy may be variable. The AV valves may be normal, or one of them may be hypoplastic, stenotic, or even atretic. The great arteries are most frequently transposed and the aorta arises from the hypoplastic RV, and the pulmonary artery comes off the main LV chamber. L-transposition of great arteries (L-TGA) happens more often than d-transposition of great arteries (D-TGA). The great vessels are normally related in 30% of cases. Double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) may be seen, in which both great vessels arise from the rudimentary RV. Pulmonary stenosis (PS) is present in two thirds of patients and such stenosis is seen irrespective of the great artery relationship. Rarely subaortic obstruction maybe present in patients with transposition of the great arteries. Here, we are presenting a case of complex cyanotic congenital cardiac defect of DILV with VSD complicated by L-TGA and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in a 3-year-old male toddler.

Mass transfer enhancement and flow field simulations for a Venturi bubble generator with multiple inlet tubes

The Venturi device plays a crucial role in the Filtered Containment Venting System (FCVS), effectively preventing the release of radioactive pollutants from nuclear reactor containment during overpressure events. Various configurations of the Venturi device yield different outcomes, with mass transfer efficiency being contingent on bubble size and overall gas holdup. This study examines the impact of varying numbers of inlet tubes on the Venturi device, while keeping the inlet area constant. Specifically looking at the gas–liquid flow field, bubble behavior, and mass transfer capacity in the diverging section. By comparing Single Inlet Tube Venturi Device (SITVD) and Double Inlet Tubes Venturi Device (DITVD), we have reached the following conclusions: (1) In SITVD, the liquid flow field is biased to one side, whereas in DITVD, the liquid flows along the axial direction, resulting in bubbles experiencing stronger shear forces. (2) DITVD exhibits a higher overall gas holdup compared to SITVD, with an average axial gas holdup of 0.0317, which is greater than SITVD's 0.0247. However, SITVD's gas holdup is more evenly distributed. (3) SITVD exhibits a higher turbulence dissipation rate of 545 m2/s3, while the bubble residence time in DITVD is comparatively longer. (4) The average bubble diameter of DITVD is 1.116 mm, which is higher than the 1.011 mm of SITVD. (5) DITVD has better mass transfer than SITVD. The proposed structure of the new Venturi scrubber in this study demonstrates a significant enhancement in mass transfer capacity and filtration efficiency. This discovery provides a solid basis for the design and optimization of FCVS, thereby ensuring the safe operation of nuclear reactors.

Effects of air inlet and outlet on thermal management of electric vehicle battery pack equipped with fins

AbstractTo solve the high heat dissipation problem of lithium ion battery, the air‐cooled heat dissipation with fins is adopted for the thermal management. Heat dissipation characteristics of two types of air inlets and outlets (single air inlet and outlet, and double air inlet and outlet) and two types of surfaces (smooth and fin structure) were simulated and compared. When the air inlet and outlet are single inlet and single outlet, compared with smooth battery packs, finned construction packs can increase the Nusselt number by 24.9%. When the air inlet and outlet are double inlet and double outlet, compared with smooth battery packs, finned construction packs can increase the Nusselt number by 13.3%. The double‐air inlet and outlet battery pack can significantly reduce the average temperature of the battery pack compared with the single‐air inlet and outlet battery pack. Compared with the single‐inlet and single‐outlet solar smooth battery pack, it can increase the Nu by 131.6%, and the comprehensive performance index can reach 1.66.

Effect of Single and Double Inlet Subsurface Drip Irrigation on Corn Yield under Egyptian Condition

Effect of Single and Double Inlet Subsurface Drip Irrigation on Corn Yield under Egyptian Condition

EP24.44: Double inlet ventricle with pulmonary atresia with large ventricular septal defect with right aortic arch

EP24.44: Double inlet ventricle with pulmonary atresia with large ventricular septal defect with right aortic arch

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation Assessment of Inlet Configuration Influence on Enhancing Swirl Flow Microbubble Generator Performance

In this study, a CFD simulation analysis was used to predict the characteristics of a swirl flow as a reference to optimize a new design of microbubble generator. To examine the impact of the inlet design, three different configurations of the inlet type were applied, namely single inlet, double inlet, and tangent-circle inlet. The performance of the microbubble generator was characterized in terms of swirl velocity, pressure drop in radial position, and pressure distribution along the central axis of the microbubble generator. Generally, the CFD analysis succeeded to visualize the hypothetical bath of the flow streamlines inside the microbubble generators. The results illustrated that the swirl flow in the tangent-circle inlet was able to generate a negative pressure zone in the central area of the generator (i.e., self-suction mechanism). In addition, the tangent-circle inlet showed a high-pressure drop compared with the single inlet microbubble generator. Although the double inlet microbubble generator illustrated a high-pressure drop between the inlet and the outlet, the streamlines distribution was focused only on the top part of the microbubble generator. This was a reason why the self-suction mechanism was not well defined.

A Tale of Intricate Connections: An Interesting Case of Congenital Heart Disease with Supraventricular Tachycardia

Double inlet left ventricle (DILV) is a rare complex congenital heart defect characterized by the presence of two atrioventricular valve orifices leading into a single left ventricle. Patients rarely survive beyond teenage years without surgical correction. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in DILV is a rare occurrence that adds an additional layer of complexity to diagnosis and management. Here, we report an exceptional case of DILV who survived well into her fourth decade of life without any surgical correction. The patient presented to us with SVT which lead to the discovery of her unique cardiac anomaly.

Optimal structure design and heat transfer characteristic analysis of X-type air-cooled battery thermal management system

This paper develops an X-type double inlet and outlet symmetrical air-cooled battery thermal management system (BTMS) that overcomes the high temperature, large temperature difference, and high power dissipation problems. The proposed method extends previous symmetrical BTMSs, i.e., single inlet and outlet BTMS, single inlet and double outlet BTMS, and double inlet and single outlet BTMS. However, compared with the existing symmetrical BTMS, the suggested X-type BTMS improves performance and reduces the maximum temperature, maximum temperature difference, and maximum power dissipation by 4.33 K, 74 %, and 62.9 %, respectively. Additionally, the inlet and outlet parameters of the X-type BTMS are optimized with orthogonal analysis, and the optimum settings defined as 71 mm near the outlet, 135 mm near the inlet, 90° for the outlet angle, and 150° for the inlet angle, among which the outlet position and inlet angle significantly affect the performance of the BTMS. The original X-type BTMS is optimized to reduce the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference by 4 K and 76.5 %, respectively. Furthermore, the heat transfer correlation expression for the X-type BTMS is obtained through theoretical analysis within an 8 % deviation, providing a reference for the design of BTMS.

Computational analysis for temperature separation and correlations prediction for dual-inlet-sections vortex tube

This article intends to examine the cooling capacity enhancement for the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube when two inlet sections are introduced compared to a single inlet section along with the optimum distance between the intake sections by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Air is taken as working fluid in a steady-state, 3-D, axisymmetric, Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube. ANSYS FLUENT software has been used to simulate flow using standard k-ɛ turbulent model. The numerical analysis is accomplished with variable intake pressure and validated with the experimental results. The numerical investigation shows that using the two inlet sections decreases the fluid temperature at the cold outlet as compared to single inlet section, but the cold and hot exit fluid temperature increases by increasing the distance between the two sections. The optimum cold outlet temperature value occurs at a dimensionless distance between intake sections of ζ/L = 0.075 and a temperature difference of 19.27 K at cold exit between single and double inlet section of vortex tube has been found from the present study. A correlation has been developed for the hot temperature gradient (ΔTh) and cold temperature gradient (ΔTc) by considering the operating parameters such as mass fraction and inlet pressure.

Defrosting Characteristics of the Cockpit Windshield of Manned Airships

Frost covering of the cockpit windshield will seriously obstruct the driver’s vision and even affect flight safety of the low-altitude manned airship. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a rapid defrosting strategy using hot gas injection method. The influences of the air inlet type, air temperature, air velocity and air angle on the defrosting characteristics of the transparent windshield are investigated and the defrost characteristics of the manned airship are obtained by fluid dynamics simulation. The result shows: (1) Defrosting effect of single inlet is not as good as double inlets. The defrosting area of the double inlet is relatively large, mainly concentrated at both ends of the windshield. (2) The effect of air supply temperature on defrosting effect of windshield surface is more significant when double air supply inlets are used. But when the air supply temperature reaches a certain value and continues to rise, the defrosting time does not change much, so there is an optimal air supply temperature range. (3) The higher the air supply velocity is, the shorter the phase transformation time of frost layer is and the faster the melting velocity is. Considering energy consumption and defrosting characteristics, the optimal air supply velocity is about 6 m/s. (4) When the angle between the air supply direction and the horizontal plane of the bridge near the windshield is 100°, the frost layer has the shortest melting time.

Maternal diabetes as a teratogenic factor for congenital heart defects in infants of diabetic mothers.

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are shown to have an association with maternal diabetes mellitus. The Bahraini population has a high prevalence of diabetes 16.3% thus putting it at increased risk of developing CHDs in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Describing the prevalence of CHDs in IDM in the Kingdom of Bahrain. A retrospective clinical study. Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, Kingdom of Bahrain. The study took place from January 1998 to January 2020. A history was recorded for all patients who were referred to the only tertiary cardiac center in Bahrain for echocardiography. Data was recorded on an Excel Sheet for analysis. A cardiac anatomy survey was conducted by an experienced pediatric cardiologist for each patient and the defects were categorized into acyanotic and cyanotic lesions. Five thousand five hundred sixty-nine patients were referred for cardiac echocardiography. Three thousand two hundred fifty-six patients were diagnosed with CHDs, 2,987 were non-IDM whereas 269 were IDM. Patients diagnosed with non-structural defects were excluded. Atrial septal defect (ASD) was identified in 744 patients and was more likely to occur in non-IDM (p-value=.005). Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) was identified in 35 patients and was more likely to occur in IDM (p-value < .001). Transposition of the great arteries (TGAs) was identified in 80 patients and was more likely to occur in IDM (p-value .002). Double inlet left ventricle (DILV), Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HPLHS), and Other Uni-Ventricular Hearts were all more likely to occur in IDM with p-values < .05. This study showed significant association between fetal exposure to diabetes and the development of ASD, HOCM, TGA, DILV, HPLHS, and Other Uni-Ventricular Hearts.

Holms Heart in a Fetus with Maternal Anticonvulsant Drug Exposure: A Case Report

Double inlet left ventricle (DILV) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation that is defined as an anomaly with univentricular atrioventricular (AV) connection, and single ventricular morphology. This variation can be associated with the inlet and outlet cardiac abnormalities. In the current report, we present a case of Holms heart, as a rare variant of double-inlet left ventricle.

Effect mechanism of wind shields on the thermal performance for mechanical draft wet cooling towers

Environmental crosswind is demonstrated to be disadvantageous for the thermal characteristics of mechanical draft cooling towers. To mitigate the adverse effect of crosswind, this study proposes an innovative structural retrofit by adding wind shields with simple structure for both single and double air inlet cooling towers. Numerical investigations are conducted to clarify the effect mechanism of wind shields on tower thermal performance under different crosswinds, through assessing the ventilation rate, the water temperature drop, the air flow field and water temperature field, etc. Results demonstrate that wind shields can eliminate transverse vortices to improve the distribution homogeneity of airflow velocity and water temperature, of which the effects are greatly affected by crosswind velocity and angle. Based on this mechanism, the thermal performance of these cooling towers is prominently strengthened by wind shields when crosswind angle exceeds 45°. The positive effect of wind shields is the most noticeable under a crosswind angle of 90° and a crosswind velocity of 10 m/s, which recovers 17.2 % and 9.4 % of the water temperature drop, and 33.1 % and 19.5 % of the ventilation rate, respectively for the single and double air inlet cooling tower. Present findings can promote applications of wind shields in practical engineering.

Staged Ventricular Septation in Patients With Double Inlet Ventricle

Staged Ventricular Septation in Patients With Double Inlet Ventricle

System dynamics model of output of ball mill

Abstract At present, the economic benefits of double inlet and double outlet ball mills, which are commonly used in coal-fired power plants, need to be improved. Based on this, this paper explores the factors influencing the output of double inlet and double outlet ball mill by establishing the output system of double inlet and double outlet ball mill. By analyzing the influence factors of the output of double inlet and double outlet ball mill, and combining with system dynamics, the dynamic model of double inlet and double outlet ball mill output system is established, and SPSS is used to fit the model data with the real data. The fitting degree is above 0.8, and the authenticity is high. The simulation results show that the impact energy of barrel grinding, the grinding powder fineness, and the pressure ratio in the ball mill affect the output of double inlet and double outlet ball mill according to certain relations. Finally, the research in this paper provides theoretical and technical support for improving the economic benefits of double inlet and double outlet ball mills.

Initial formation of channel–shoal patterns in double–inlet systems

Initial formation of channel–shoal patterns in double–inlet systems

Effect of number of inlets on performance and flow field of large‐scale cyclone separators

AbstractThe performance and flow field of large‐scale cyclones with different inlet numbers were investigated by using computational fluid dynamics methods. The results show that the efficiency, pressure drop, and performance factor of cyclones increase with the increase in the number of inlets, and the quadruple inlet cyclone having the best overall performance is supposed to adopt. The number of inlets of the cyclone increases, the tangential velocity increases, and the short‐circuit flow rate decreases; however, when the number of inlets is greater than 2, both variations are lessened. In this study, the vortex eccentricity of the quadruple inlet cyclone is the smallest, the vortex eccentricity of the double and triple inlet cyclone is comparable, and the vortex eccentricity of the single inlet cyclone is the most significant.