Indolebutyric Acid Doses Research Articles

Effect of growth regulators on hop (Humulus lupulus L.) propagation

The expansion of hops (Humulus lupulus L.), an essential input for the brewing industry, into new growing areas has intensified the demand for quality seedlings. However, scientific studies and recommendations for effective hop propagation methods that are suitable for growers and nurseries in terms of production volume and low cost are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of auxin and cytokinin to accelerate the propagation of Cascade hop stem cuttings. Four doses of indole-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were tested at 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg L-1. The variables evaluated were the percentage of rooted cuttings, the percentage of cuttings that produced shoots, the greatest root length, the length of the shoots, the dry mass of the root, the dry mass of the shoots and the number of leaves. The use of IBA had a significant effect on most of the variables, except for the percentage of shoots and the number of leaves. The use of BAP had a significant effect on all the variables evaluated. In both experiments, there was a quadratic fit for all the variables analyzed. These results confirm the efficiency of using IBA and BAP as rooting promoters for hop cuttings. The most efficient concentration of IBA for rooting cuttings was 2580 mg L-1 (97%), and for BAP it was 1490 mg L-1 (88%). An economic analysis suggested that the use of IBA provides better rooting results than BAP at lower costs.

The effect of different IBA doses on rooting in soft-wood cuttings of rootstock candidate sweet cherry, sour cherry and mahaleb genotypes

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) concentrations on rooting in soft-wood cuttings of rootstock candidate sweet cherry, sour cherry, and mahaleb genotypes in a plastic greenhouse with underfloor heating and mist propagation of Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute. 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm IBA doses were applied to the soft-wood cuttings taken in june. Perlite was used as propagation medium and rooting medium was disinfected with methyl bromide before planting. The study was planned according to a randomized plot design with three replications and 20 cuttings in each replication. The rooting rate (%), number of roots (piece), number of branching roots (piece), and root length (mm) were investigated. The highest rooting ratio of 59 % (08 K 056) was obtained from the 1000 ppm IBA application, while the lowest rooting ratio of 22.50% (55 K 104) was obtained from the 1000 ppm IBA application.

Improvement of Rooting Performance in Stem Cuttings of Savin Juniper (Juniperus sabina L.) as a Function of IBA Pretreatment, Substrate, and Season

Juniperus sabina is an interesting species for forest restoration and ornamental purposes. The seeds of this plant have several types of dormancies; therefore, seed propagation is difficult and time consuming. The production of cuttings can be an alternative way to produce plants more quickly. The main objective of this experiment was to determine the best propagation conditions (indole butyric acid dose, substrate, and season) for this species using stem cuttings. Rooting performance of the cuttings was evaluated based on the rooting percentage (%), root biomass, and specific root length (SRL). In addition, we examined the internal composition (auxin and peroxidase content) in treated stem cuttings. Cuttings were pretreated with five doses of indole butyric acid (IBA; 0 (control), 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 ppm) and were rooted in four substrates (perlite, perlite-cocopeat, pumice, and mixed substrate) during the four seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn). The best treatments, with more than 60% rooting, were applied in spring, and IBA at 1000 ppm in perlite–cocopeat substrate obtained 62% rooting. The highest rooting percentage correlated with the highest root biomass production and the lowest SRL. IBA pretreatment decreased the concentration of peroxidase in spring (coinciding with maximum rooting), representing an indicator of rooting performance. Based on these results, we recommend a new protocol for Juniperus sabina production: (i) prepare cuttings in spring, (ii) treat cutting bases with 1000 ppm IBA, and (iii) plant cuttings in a substrate of perlite–cocopeat (1:1).

Sexual and asexual propagation of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC., a dioecious medicinal Brazilian shrub

Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. is a pioneer plant native from Brazil that has great importance due to its secondary metabolites (essential oil and Brazilian green propolis) and its potential in the recovery of degraded areas. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the propagation techniques of B. dracunculifolia by sexual reproduction and asexual propagation of male and female stem cuttings. For reproduction, female individuals from a natural population were periodically monitored for their reproductive development and their diaspores were collected to evaluate the maximum dry mass accumulation to determine physiological maturity. The germination test was performed by testing four temperatures (20, 25, 30, and 20–30°C), in addition to the germination speed index (GSI) and first count. For vegetative propagation, stem cuttings (8 cm) of male and female individuals were treated with an indole butyric acid (IBA) solution at 0, 1,500, 3,000, 4,500, and 6,000 mg L−1. The cuttings were evaluated for mortality, survival, rooting, sprouting, leaf retention, callogenesis, number of roots, and average length of roots (cm) after 120 days. The physiological maturity of diaspores occurred at 40 days after anthesis, which was the best time for collection in the field. The temperatures of 25 or 20–30°C should be used in the germination tests of the species. The first count was identified four days after sowing and the last count after 11 days. The rooting of B. dracunculifolia cuttings is very low. Sex did not influence the evaluated parameters, but increasing IBA doses positively influenced rooting, number of roots, and average length of roots and negatively influenced calluses formation.

Ácido indolbutírico no enraizamento de estacas de Fuchsia spp.

ABSTRACT: The princess earring is an ornamental plant native to the southern region of Brazil, much appreciated due to the beauty of its outstanding and colorful flowers. This study evaluated the effect of different doses of synthetic auxin indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of herbaceous cuttings of Fuchsia regia (Vell.) Munz, native species, and Fuchsia hybrida Hort. Ex Siebert & Voss commercial variety ‘General Monk Red Blue’. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse following a randomized block design with a 2x5 factorial arrangement (two genotypes of Fuchsia x five IBA doses). The IBA doses consisted in the concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg.L-1. Evaluations were performed 20 days after staking. The parameters evaluated were length of the largest root, number of roots per cutting, fresh weight and dry weight of the aerial part and roots. The concentration of 800 mg.L-1 of indolebutyric acid resulted in greater rooting of the cuttings of both Fuchsia materials tested. Therefore, the use of IBA (800 mg.L-1) provided better quality rooted cuttings, with greater length and number of roots.

Propagation of macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche) by cuttings

Macadamia trees require a long period for flowering when propagated by seeds. To anticipate the yield, maintain cultivar characteristics, and increase the homogeneity of nut quality, it is essential to establish orchards with grafted trees. Although semi-hardwood cutting propagation tests have been performed in Brazil, no method has been shown to be appropriate at a large scale due to the difficulties in implementation of techniques or the high cost. Establishing an effective and affordable protocol may provide great improvement to this productive chain since it will meet the demand of nurseries and stimulate the expansion of orchards. The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for macadamia semi-hardwood cutting propagation. Six cultivars (HAES 344, HAES 816, HAES 660, IAC 4-12B, IAC 9-20, and IAC 4-20) were evaluated and selected because of their ample cultivation in Brazil. The propagation material was collected for four months (October and November 2018, and February and March 2019). The semi-hardwood cuttings were also soaked in indole butyric acid (IBA) at three different concentrations (0, 5, or 10 g L-1) and in the commercial product Clonex®. The experiment was arranged in a two-way completely randomized design with four replicates and data were analyzed by R software. The cultivar IAC 4-12B showed the highest index for root development (37.0%). The treatments did not show significant differences between IBA doses and Clonex® for root development (IBA 10 g L-1 - 31.5%, Clonex® - 29.4%, and IBA 5 g L-1 - 27.4%). November was the best cutting season for root development of semi-hardwood cuttings (10.0%).

INDOLEBUTYRIC ACID AND ZINC IN THE ROOTING OF ROOTSTOCK SEEDLINGS OF ‘CRAVO’ LEMON IN HYDROPONIC SYSTEM

It was intended to evaluate the influence of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and zinc upon the rooting and development of rootstock of ‘Cravo’ lemon tree transplants of bare root to the modified hydroponic system in the grafting stage. Plants of rootstocks were treated by immersion of their root system into the different solutions tested for 24 hours. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with seven treatments composed of IBA doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg.L-1 and Enervig® which contains in its formulation 33.92 g.L-1 of Zn at 60, 90 and 120 ml.L-1, and distilled water as a control with three replications and nine plants per plot, amounting to 189 plants , 15 cm tall. The rootstocks were transplanted to the tubes and taken to the modified hydroponic system, being evaluated (1) the development of the plants and (2) the time needed for the rootstocks to reach the grafting stage, considered ideal between 5 and 6 mm in diameter. The treatment with a solution of 100 mg.L-1of IBA proved superior to the others in the development of height and biomass yield and tended to provide greater stem diameter development. The grafting point was obtained, on average at 70 days after transplanting and the production of Rangpur lime trees in a hydroponic system may be recommended. When the root system of the ‘Cravo’ lemon tree was treated with 100 mg.L-1 solution the IBA grafting point was obtained at 45 days after transplanting.

Cocoa shell substrate, indolebutyric acid doses and length of cuttings in the rooting of Fridericia chica

ABSTRACT Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L. G. Lohmann has medicinal properties and potential for commercial cultivation; however, the propagation characteristics of this species have been poorly evaluated. This study aimed to analyze the length of cuttings, indolebutyric acid (IBA) doses and substrates containing different proportions of cocoa shell in F. chica cuttings. Two experiments were carried out. In the first one, the treatments were basal cuttings of 10 cm and 20 cm in length and four IBA concentrations (0 mg L-1, 2,000 mg L-1, 4,000 mg L-1 and 6,000 mg L-1). In the second experiment, substrates obtained from five proportions of cocoa shell (CS) and expanded vermiculite (EV) compost were tested: 100 % CS; 100 % EV; 50 % CS + 50% EV; 30 % CS + 70 % EV; 70 % CS + 30 % EV. The rooting percentage, sprouting height and dry biomass production were evaluated. The production of F. chica seedlings can be performed by basal cuttings with 20 cm in length, which allow achieving a rooting rate of 91 %. The ideal IBA dose to obtain a maximum sprout length is 3,600 mg L-1. Mixtures composed of 50 % CS + 50 % EV and 30 % CS + 70 % EV were the best substrates for the production of F. chica seedlings.

Association of Indolebutyric Acid with Azospirillum brasilense in the Rooting of Herbaceous Blueberry Cuttings

Association between auxins and plant growth-promoting bacteria can stimulate root growth and development of fruit crop nursery plants, and can be a promising biological alternative to increase the rooting of cuttings. The objective of this study was to assess the viability of producing ‘Powderblue’ blueberry nursery plants from cuttings using different doses of indolebutyric acid (IBA) in association with Azospirillum brasilense. The following treatments were tested: 0 (control); 500 mg L−1 of IBA; 1000 mg L−1 of IBA; A. brasilense; 500 mg L−1 of IBA + A. brasilense; and 1000 mg L−1 of IBA + A. brasilense. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments and four replicates, and each plot (box) consisted of 10 cuttings. The boxes were arranged in a mist chamber with an intermittent regimen controlled by a timer and solenoid valve. After 90 days, the following variables were assessed: rooted cuttings; survival of cuttings; foliar retention; sprouting; cuttings with callus; root dry mass per cutting; number of roots per cutting; and root length. It was observed that the application of IBA with the A. brasilense rhizobacteria increased the number of roots of ‘Powderblue’ blueberry cuttings, while the treatments with IBA alone and IBA 1000 mg L−1 + A. brasilense increased the root length of cuttings. However, treatments with IBA and A. brasilense had no impact on % rooted cuttings and % survival of cuttings.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and indolebutyric acid alter rooting rate and physiological characteristics of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae)?

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting and some physiological characteristics of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) stakes in different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and its association with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Claroideoglomus etunicatum (W.N. Becker & Gerd.) C. Walker & A. Schüssler e Gigaspora albida N.C. Schenck & G.S. Sm. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x3 factorial scheme with three replicates, where the first factor was the AMF and the second factor by doses of IBA (0; 1.0 and 1.5 mg .mL-1). The results showed that the presence of AMF in the substrate, as well as the IBA, isolated or in association stimulates the rooting and some physiological characters of L. camara cuttings.

Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid

Native Piper species present significant repellent, antimicrobial, inseticidal, anti-tumor and anti-protozoal biological activities. Studies on new species can discover unpublished potentialities and vegetative propagation for the development of cultivation protocols and reduce the natural extraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of P. arboreum, P. cernuum and P. diospyrifolium stem cuttings with different treatments containing doses of indole butyric acid (0, 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 3,000 mg L-1). Branches were collected in the “Bom Jesus Biological Reserve”, Parana state, Brazil. The cuttings, with a length of 12 cm and average diameter of 6 mm, were placed in 53 cm3 plastic tubes with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HP® and intermittent misting. After 90 days, the survival, mortality, cuttings with new shoots, number and length of the three main roots were evaluated. The percentages of rooting reached an average of 67.5% for P. arboreum, 51.6% for P. cernuum and 50.4% for P. diospyrifolium. A positive effect in the treatments containing the plant regulator was observed for rooting development, percentage of cuttings with shoots and number of roots per propagule, but there were variations in the responses of each species. Leaf retention was an important factor for the adventitious rooting formation in all evaluated species.

English

The objective of this study was to analyze the use of different doses of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and its influence on reducing sugar contents and the relationship of root and leaf development of mulberry cuttings, using commercial substrates and sand. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, with 3 replicates per plot and 5 cuttings per replicate, in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme, consisting of three IBA doses and three substrates: commercial substrate, sand and 50% substrate with 50% of sand. The cuttings planted on substrate presented a higher percentage of rooting in the treatments with 0 and 1000 mg L-1, differing from the other substrates, which represented increases of 16.68 and 44.45% in relation to the substrate of sand and sand + substrate, respectively. In the control treatment, estimates of the reducing sugar content of the leaves showed interaction between the substrates and doses of IBA, presenting an increasing quadratic effect for the treatment. It is concluded that the use of commercial substrate provides greater development of primary leaves and root length; the concentration of 1000 mg L-1 of IBA was higher among the analyzed doses. The reducing sugar content of the cuttings influenced the growth of the shoots. Key words: Reducing sugars, fit regulator, multiplication, Rubus, substrates.

Effect of ethephon and indolebutyric acid on yellow mombin propagation via cutting1

ABSTRACT One of the obstacles in the commercial cultivation of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.) is the difficulty in establishing a propagation protocol for the species. This study aimed to assess the effect of treating mother plants with ethephon and applying indolebutyric acid (IBA) to yellow mombin cuttings. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of nine treatments, with ethephon (0 mg L-1; 14.5 mg L-1; 50 mg L-1; 85.5 mg L-1; 100 mg L-1) and IBA (0 mg L-1; 872.35 mg L-1; 3,000 mg L-1; 5,127.65 mg L-1; 6,000 mg L-1) doses, combined according to the central compound box, with four replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 12 cuttings. The highest rooting percentages of yellow mombin cuttings were observed without the application of ethephon (45.83 %) in the matrix plants and with the use of 3,000 mg L-1 of IBA (31.94 %). For the rooting of yellow mombin cuttings, it is not recommended to use ethephon for treating the matrix plant before the cuttings are removed. The dose of 3,000 mg L-1 of IBA provides the maximum rooting of yellow mombin cuttings, being this dose the most recommended for the propagation via cutting.

ROOTING OF GUANANDI (Calophyllum brasilienseCAMBESS) CUTTINGS USING INDOLE-BUTYRIC ACID

ABSTRACT Commercial reforestation of Brazilian native species to produce hardwood for sawmills has been recently intensified in the country. Among the potential species planted by the logging industry is guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess) because it is widely distributed in the country, highly adapted to different soil and climate conditions, good bole form and high quality timber. The development of genetic improvement programs should prioritize gains in productivity and yields in the medium and long term. For such programs to be successful, the study of vegetative propagation techniques to abbreviate steps in forest improvement and allow its mass production is fundamental. To assess the viability of vegetative propagation of the species, two successive experiments were carried out during two years testing the best type of cutting, hormone concentration and management. Different cuttings types submitted to increasing doses of indole-butyric acid (IBA) were tested to evaluate survival, sprouting, rooting and callus formation. Results indicate that the species is viable for vegetative propagation with 85 to 90% rooting of cuttings from seedlings in the IBA concentrations of 3000 to 7000 mg.L-1. For the cuttings, sprouting from the base of adult trees 3000 mg.L-1 was the best concentration of IBA.

Ácido indolbutírico e substratos na alporquia de umbuzeiro

O umbuzeiro é uma espécie nativa do Nordeste brasileiro e norte do Estado de Minas Gerais, cujos frutos apresentam grande aceitação no mercado. Entretanto, a propagação em larga escala da espécie é dificultada pela lenta e desuniforme germinação das sementes, exigindo o uso de técnicas de propagação vegetativa. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da aplicação de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) e diferentes tipos de substratos na propagação vegetativa de umbuzeiro, via técnica de alporquia. O experimento foi desenvolvido utilizando-se onze matrizes de Spondias tuberosa (umbuzeiro) e delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 5x3, sendo avaliados o efeito de cinco doses de AIB (0 mg L-1, 1.000 mg L-1, 2.000 mg L-1, 4.000 mg L-1 e 6.000 mg L-1) e três tipos de substratos (Bioplant®, vermiculita e bagaço de cana). Os ramos selecionados foram anelados e, posteriormente, aplicadas as soluções concentradas de AIB. Aos 180 dias, foram mensurados a percentagem de alporques enraizados, com calo e com primórdios radiculares, número de raízes por alporque, comprimento da maior raiz e massa fresca e seca das raízes. A utilização de 6.000 mg L-1 de AIB promoveu maior crescimento e desenvolvimento do sistema radicular dos alporques. O uso do bagaço de cana é recomendado, por se tratar de insumo de fácil obtenção, na região em estudo, além de apresentar características químicas e físicas adequadas.

Pré-tratamento com água e doses de ácido indolbutírico para estaquia herbácea de pitangueiras

No Brasil, a maioria dos pomares de pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora) é formada por mudas do tipo pé-franco, o que torna os plantios com baixa uniformidade genética. A propagação vegetativa via estaquia é uma alternativa viável para propagação de diversas espécies frutíferas, podendo ser utilizada também com as espécies nativas, proporcionando a formação de pomares homogêneos, com a produção de mudas com alta sanidade, além de antecipar a produção. Nesse contexto, conduziu-se um estudo visando à multiplicação vegetativa da pitangueira, em que se testou a estaquia herbácea a partir de estacas coletadas de plantas matrizes jovens e adultas, submetidas a três períodos de imersão em água (0, 24 ou 48 horas), além da aplicação de doses de ácido indolbutírico (0, 2000, 4000 e 6000mg L-1). Foram avaliadas a sobrevivência (%), a retenção e a emissão foliar (n° folhas/ estaca), a calogênese (%) e enraizamento das estacas (%). Ao final do experimento, avaliou-se massa fresca e seca de parte aérea e raiz, número de folhas e área foliar. O delineamento experimental foi o completamente casualizado, com três repetições de dez plantas por tratamento para os parâmetros não destrutivos e três repetições de cinco plantas por tratamento para os parâmetros destrutivos. A estaquia herbácea foi eficiente para produzir mudas de pitangueira, especialmente quando utilizadas estacas oriundas de plantas jovens sem necessidade de pré-lavagem nem adição de auxinas exógenas.

Propagação vegetativa de porta-enxertos de pereira por estacas semi-lenhosas

Pesquisou-se a viabilidade técnica da propagação vegetativa dos porta-enxertos de pereira 'Taiwan Nashi-C', 'Taiwan Mamenashi' (Pyrus calleryana Dcne.) e 'Seleção IAC-1' (Pyrus spp.), por estacas semi-lenhosas. O experimento foi conduzido em telado equipado com sistema de nebulização intermitente, pertencente ao Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento do Jardim Botânico, do Instituto Agronômico (IAC), em Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. Adotou-se o fatorial 3 x 4 (porta-enxertos x doses de ácido indolbutírico), com cinco repetições de 20 estacas, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Com os resultados obtidos aos 60 dias após a estaquia, conclui-se que: a) é tecnicamente possível a propagação dos porta-enxertos 'Taiwan Nashi-C', 'Taiwan Mamenashi' e 'Seleção IAC-1' por estacas semi-lenhosas; b) dentre os porta-enxertos pesquisados, 'Taiwan Nashi-C' apresenta a maior porcentagem de enraizamento, a menor porcentagem de estacas com calo, além do maior comprimento de raízes e número de raízes por estaca; c) é necessário o uso de ácido indolbutírico para o enraizamento de estacas semi-lenhosas desses porta-enxertos, sendo que, no conjunto das variáveis analisadas, as concentrações de 4.000 mg.L-1 e de 6.000 mg.L-1 proporcionam os maiores benefícios ao enraizamento adventício; d) as concentrações de ácido indolbutírico testadas não são fitotóxicas às estacas semi-lenhosas dos genótipos pesquisados.

Enraizamento de estacas de Psidium guajava L. 'Século XXI' tratadas com ácido indolbutírico veiculado em talco e álcool

Na produção comercial de Psidium guajava L. (goiabeira), a qualidade das mudas é de fundamental importância, a fim de garantir a homogeneidade, a rápida formação, a alta produtividade e o início precoce da produção, tornando-se imprescindível a utilização da propagação assexuada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o enraizamento de estacas de Psidium guajava L. 'Século XXI' tratadas com diferentes concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) veiculados em talco e álcool. Foram utilizadas estacas herbáceas de 10 - 12cm, submetidas a duas formas de aplicação (solução hidroalcóolica e talco) e três concentrações (0; 1000 e 2000mg L-1) de AIB. As estacas foram enraizadas em caixas plásticas contendo casca de arroz carbonizada. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, em um fatorial 2x3, sendo cinco repetições de 10 estacas. Após 95 dias, foram avaliadas as variáveis: sobrevivência das estacas (%); retenção foliar (%); estacas enraizadas (%); número de raízes por estaca; comprimento de raízes por estaca (cm) e massa seca das raízes por estaca (g). Os melhores resultados para a porcentagem de estacas enraizadas (28,5%); número de raízes por estaca (12,10) e comprimento da raiz (6,79cm) foram obtidos com a maior concentração de AIB. A partir dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a aplicação de 2000mg L-1 de AIB proporcionou as melhores características de enraizamento em estacas herbáceas da goiabeira 'Século XXI' e a sua veiculação em talco se mostrou mais eficiente que em álcool.

Efecto del Ácido indolbutírico y tipo de estaquilla en el enraizamiento de Sacha inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis L.</i>)

Plukenetia volubilis, conocida como sacha inchi (maní del Inca) es una planta trepadora, semileñosa y perenne, nativa de la Amazonía Peruana. Sus semillas son ricas en proteínas y aceite de alta calidad, importantes en alimentación humana, y aplicaciones en salud, cosmética y medicina. La ausencia de métodos confiables de propagación asexual ha limitado su plantación y uso a nivel industrial. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de 4 dosis de ácido indolbutírico (0,00; 0,10; 0,15 y 0,20%) y 3 tipos de estaquilla (basal, intermedia y apical) sobre el enraizamiento de sacha inchi, mediante cámaras de subirrigación. Se realizó en el vivero del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) en San Martín, Perú, a través de un diseño completamente al azar (DCA) con arreglo factorial 4 x 3, con 3 repeticiones y 9 estaquillas por unidad experimental. Al término de 30 días las estaquillas intermedias y basales mostraron mayor enraizamiento (78,70 y 77,78%), número de raíces (19,21 y 15,75) y longitud de raíz mayor (4,07 y 4,24 cm). Fue necesaria la aplicación de AIB para lograr un buen enraizamiento en estaquillasde esta especie. Al aplicar dosis de AIB a 0,15 y 0,20% se obtuvo el mayor porcentaje de enraizamiento (92,59 y 87,65%), número de raíces (25,94 y 20,05) y longitud de raíz mayor (4,25 y 4,57 cm). Se concluye que es posible propagar sacha inchi por estaquillas (más de 80% de enraizamiento) si se aplica la dosis adecuada de AIB a estaquillas intermedias y basales.

Enraizamento de espécies silvestres de maracujazeiro utilizando cinco doses de ácido indolilbutírico

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar em casa de vegetação o potencial de enraizamento de diferentes espécies silvestres de maracujá, utilizando diferentes doses de ácido indolilbutírico. Estacas herbáceas de plantas adultas de Passiflora setacea, P. coccinea, P. amethystina, P. edulis, P. edulis x P. setacea e P. coccinea x P. setacea foram coletadas e tratadas com doses de 0; 250; 500; 750 e 1.000 mgL-1 de IBA, sendo em seguida plantadas em bandejas com substrato umedecido e mantidas sob nebulização intermitente. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 5 repetições, em arranjo fatorial de 6 x 5 (seis espécies e cinco níveis de regulador vegetal) e 6 estacas úteis por unidade experimental. As variáveis analisadas foram estaca viva com raiz e com broto (EVCRCB), estaca viva com raiz e sem broto (EVCRSB), estaca viva com calo (EVCC), estaca viva sem calo (EVSC), total de estacas enraizadas (TER), estaca morta com raiz (EMCR), estaca morta com calo (EMCC), estaca morta sem calo (EMSC), total de estaca morta (TEM), estaca com broto (ECB), média de estacas com broto (MEB), massa seca da raiz (MSRA), massa seca do broto (MSBRO) e massa seca total (MSTOTAL). A espécie P. amethystina apresentou o melhor desenvolvimento, destacando-se entre as outras espécies e mostrando potencial para enraizamento, tendo 88,67% de estacas enraizadas e brotadas. O uso do IBA foi eficiente à medida que se aumentavam as doses, proporcionando bom desenvolvimento às estacas das espécies estudadas.