Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty Research Articles

Comparison Of Ventral Inlay and Dorsal Onlay Urethroplasty For Female Urethral Stricture

ObjectiveTo compare the outcomes of Ventral inlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (VIBMGU) with dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (DOBMGU) for the treatment of Female urethral stricture (FUS). Material and MethodsThis study included women who underwent either VIBMGU or DOBMGU between January 2016 and June 2023. The preoperative AUA symptom scores, maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual volume (PVR) on ultrasonography, and length and location of the stricture were obtained from a prospectively maintained electronic database. The data obtained from the patient’s last visit was compared with the preoperative values for this study. The primary outcome was the success rate. The secondary outcomes were changes in AUA score, PVR, and Qmax. The patient's last follow-up visit was considered for the duration of the follow-up. ResultsSeventy-three patients were treated for BMGU for FUS. Forty-six patients underwent VIBMGU, and 27 patients underwent DOBMGU. The median duration of follow-up was 27.5 11.00-55.00) versus 14 (7.00-17.00) months respectively. The success rates of VIBMGU and DOBMGU were 89.13% and 88.89% respectively. There was a reduction in AUA scores and PVR and an improvement in Qmax postoperatively in both groups. The difference in the reduction in AUA scores between the VIBMGU and DOBMGU groups was statistically significant. The difference was not statistically significant in terms of reduction in PVR and improvement in Qmax between the two groups. ConclusionThe ventral inlay technique can provide equal results to the dorsal technique with the added advantage of vaginal sparing. This is the single largest series in the literature on female urethral stricture with the largest follow-up period of 90 months.

Multi-Institutional Outcomes of Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty in Patients With Postprostatectomy, Postradiation Anastomotic Stenosis.

The treatment of urethral stenosis after a combination of prostatectomy and radiation therapy for prostate cancer is understudied. We evaluate the clinical and patient-related outcomes after dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (D-BMGU) in men who underwent prostatectomy and radiation therapy. A multi-institutional, retrospective review of men with vesicourethral anastomotic stenosis or bulbomembranous urethral stricture disease after radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy from 8 institutions between 2013 to 2021 was performed. The primary outcomes were stenosis recurrence and development of de novo stress urinary incontinence. Secondary outcomes were surgical complications, changes in voiding, and patient-reported satisfaction. Forty-five men were treated with D-BMGU for stenosis following prostatectomy and radiation. There was a total of 7 recurrences. Median follow-up in patients without recurrence was 21 months (IQR 12-24). There were no incidents of de novo incontinence, 28 patients were incontinent pre- and postoperatively, and of the 6 patients managed with suprapubic catheter preoperatively, 4 were continent after repair. Following repair, men had significant improvement in postvoid residual, uroflow, International Prostate Symptom Score, and International Prostate Symptom Score quality-of-life domain. Overall satisfaction was +2 or better in 86.6% of men on the Global Response Assessment. D-BMGU is a safe, feasible, and effective technique in patients with urethral stenosis after a combination of prostatectomy and radiation therapy. Although our findings suggest this technique may result in lower rates of de novo urinary incontinence compared to conventional urethral transection and excision techniques, head-to-head comparisons are needed.

Dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for female urethral stricture: Techniques and outcomes

ObjectiveFemale urethral stricture (FUS) accounts for about 4%–13% of cases of female bladder outlet obstruction. FUS was and is still managed by repeated dilatations and/or direct visual internal urethrotomy. There are many alternative options for reconstruction like buccal or vaginal mucosal graft urethroplasty. Our aim was to describe the technique of dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty for FUS and present the outcomes. MethodsBetween January 2014 and December 2021, 37 patients who underwent dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty were included in the study. Their pre-operative diagnosis was confirmed with uroflowmetry, micturating cystourethrogram, urethral calibration, and on table cystoscopy. Bladder catheter was removed after 2 weeks. Patients were followed up at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and then annually with urine analysis, uroflowmetry, and post-void residual assessment. We defined success as a maximum flow rate (Qmax) above 15 mL/s without the need for an additional instrumentation. ResultsThe mean age of patients was 47.8 (standard deviation [SD] 11.3) years. Twenty patients had previously undergone urethral dilatations. The mean pre-operative Qmax was 7.79 (SD 3.73) mL/s. However, the mean Qmax improved to 23.20 (SD 8.25) mL/s after surgery. The mean post-void residual urine after surgery was 30.50 (SD 10.70) mL. This reduced from a mean value of 139.00 (SD 147.24) mL before surgery. The mean follow-up was 30.2 (SD 18.3, range 18–44) months. There was no post-operative incontinence. There were Clavien–Dindo Grade 1 complications in 6 out of 37 (16.2 %) patients during hospital stay. The only long-term complication was recurrence of stricture in 4 (10.8%) patients. ConclusionDorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty in females is a safe, effective technique which can avoid repeated painful dilatations and multiple urethrotomies. One should always consider reconstruction in FUS without any fear of incontinence.

MP22-07 OUTCOMES OF DORSAL ONLAY BUCCAL MUCOSAL GRAFT URETHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH POST-PROSTATECTOMY, POST-RADIATION ANASTOMOTIC CONTRACTURE

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP22-07 OUTCOMES OF DORSAL ONLAY BUCCAL MUCOSAL GRAFT URETHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH POST-PROSTATECTOMY, POST-RADIATION ANASTOMOTIC CONTRACTURE Joshua Sterling, Alex Wang, Kelly Crane, Javier C. Angulo, Wagner Franca, Brian Flynn, Francisco Martins, Erick A. Ramirez, Paul Rusilko, Jay Simhan, Daniel Swerdloff, and Dmitriy Nikolavsky Joshua SterlingJoshua Sterling More articles by this author , Alex WangAlex Wang More articles by this author , Kelly CraneKelly Crane More articles by this author , Javier C. AnguloJavier C. Angulo More articles by this author , Wagner FrancaWagner Franca More articles by this author , Brian FlynnBrian Flynn More articles by this author , Francisco MartinsFrancisco Martins More articles by this author , Erick A. RamirezErick A. Ramirez More articles by this author , Paul RusilkoPaul Rusilko More articles by this author , Jay SimhanJay Simhan More articles by this author , Daniel SwerdloffDaniel Swerdloff More articles by this author , and Dmitriy NikolavskyDmitriy Nikolavsky More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002561.07AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment of patients with vesicourethral anastomotic contracture (VUAS) /membranous stenosis (Sp) following a combination of prostatectomy and radiation treatment for prostate cancer (CaP) are understudied. We evaluate feasibility of dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (D-BMGU) and evaluate patency and continence outcomes in patients with a history of prior radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy. METHODS: Retrospective multi-institutional review of patients with post-prostatectomy, post-radiation VUAS/Sp from 8 institutions between 2013-2021 was performed. Patients with at least 8-months follow-up were assessed. Patient demographics, stenosis characteristics, peri-operative outcomes, and post-operative clinical and patient-reported outcomes were analyzed. The primary outcomes were recurrence and development of de-novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Secondary outcomes were surgical complications, changes in voiding and patient-reported satisfaction using a Global Response Assessment (GRA). RESULTS: Of 48 patients treated with D-BMGU for stenosis following prostatectomy and radiation, 38 met the inclusion criteria. Median age and stenosis length were 68.5 years, (IQR 63.25-72), and 2.75 cm (IQR 2-4 cm), respectively. Prior CaP treatment modalities included primary robotic prostatectomy and subsequent salvage or adjuvant radiotherapy in 89% (34/38) and primary radiation and salvage prostatectomy in 11% (4/38). The mean length of stay after D-BMGU was 1.5 days (IQR 1-2). At a median follow-up of 21 months (IQR 13-39), 5 patients (13%) had recurrence. Among 11 preoperatively-continent patients (31%) all retained continence. Of 20 patients with preoperative SUI (52%), all but one (95%) remained incontinent post-operatively. Continence was unknown for 7 patients and 3 had post operative incontinence. 47% (17/36) of the cohort subsequently received an artificial urinary sphincter. Patients experienced significant improvement in PVR (158 to 47 cc, p <0.001) and Uroflow (6.3 to 15.4 cc/s, p <0.001), and also reported high overall satisfaction, with 84% reporting a GRA of +2 or better. CONCLUSIONS: Dorsal onlay buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty is a safe and feasible technique in patients with post-radiation post prostatectomy anastomotic contracture. Although our findings suggest the DBMGU technique may confer lower rates of de-novo SUI compared to conventional urethral transection, head-to-head comparisons are needed to further characterize any continence benefit. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e374 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Joshua Sterling More articles by this author Alex Wang More articles by this author Kelly Crane More articles by this author Javier C. Angulo More articles by this author Wagner Franca More articles by this author Brian Flynn More articles by this author Francisco Martins More articles by this author Erick A. Ramirez More articles by this author Paul Rusilko More articles by this author Jay Simhan More articles by this author Daniel Swerdloff More articles by this author Dmitriy Nikolavsky More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Multi-Institutional Study of Dorsal Onlay Urethroplasty of the Membranous Urethra after Endoscopic Prostate Procedures: Operative Results, Continence, Erectile Function and Patient Reported Outcomes

(1) Background: To critically evaluate dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (DOBMGU) for posterior urethral stenosis repair following transurethral resection and other endoscopic prostate procedures. (2) Methods: A retrospective multi-institutional review of patients with membranous or bulbomembranous urethral stenosis for whom treatment with DOBMGU was conducted after receipt of prostate endoscopic procedures. Baseline data, peri-operative care, post-operative care and patient-reported outcomes were analyzed. The primary outcomes were procedural failure and development of de novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The secondary outcomes were changes in voiding, sexual function and patient satisfaction. (3) Results: A total of 107 men with a mean age of 69 ± 9.5 years and stenosis length of 3.5 ± 1.8 cm were included. Prior endoscopic procedures among participants were 47 patients (44%) with monopolar TURP, 33 (30.8%) with bipolar TURP, 16 (15%) with Greenlight laser, 9 (8.4%) with Holmium laser enucleation and 2 (1.9%) with bladder neck incision. At a mean follow-up time of 59.3 ± 45.1 months, stenosis recurred in 10 patients (9.35%). Multivariate analysis confirmed that postoperative complications (OR 12.5; p = 0.009), history of radiation (OR 8.3; p = 0.016) and ≥2 dilatations before urethroplasty (OR 8.3; p = 0.032) were independent predictors of recurrence. Only one patient (0.9%) developed de novo SUI. Patients experienced significant improvement in PVR (128 to 60 cc; p = 0.001), Uroflow (6.2 to 16.8 cc/s; p = 0.001), SHIM (11.5 to 11.7; p = 0.028), IPSS (20 to 7.7; p < 0.001) and QoL (4.4 to 1.7; p < 0.001), and 87 cases (81.3%) reported a GRA of + 2 or better. (4) Conclusions: DOBMGU is an effective and safe option for patients with posterior urethral stenosis following TURP and other prostate endoscopic procedures. This non-transecting approach minimizes external urinary sphincter manipulation, thus limiting postoperative risk of SUI or erectile dysfunction.

One-Stage Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty for Lichen Sclerosus-Related Urethral Stricture Disease: A Systematic Review and Pooled Proportional Meta-Analysis.

Performing 1-stage urethroplasty in patients with urethral strictures caused by lichen sclerosus (LS) is hotly debated among reconstructive urologists due to conflicting reports of success. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the pooled incidence of stricture recurrence following 1-stage buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty in patients with LS, to determine the impact of surgical technique on recurrence and to compare recurrence risk between patients with and without LS after 1-stage repairs. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA criteria. The primary outcome was pooled incidence of recurrence, which was calculated using a Der-Simonian-Laird binary random effects model with a Freeman-Tukey arcsine transformation. A total of 21 studies were included, of which 15 provided data for comparative analyses. Pooled data from 625 LS patients revealed a stricture recurrence rate of 10% (95% CI 6-14). Among studies with longer followup (≥24 months), this increased to 18%. Among patients with penile urethral involvement, studies utilizing a penile skin incision had significantly higher pooled recurrence rates than those utilizing penile invagination (p=0.004). Across all studies, there was no evidence to suggest a difference in pooled recurrence rate between patients with and without LS (p=0.36). However, across only long-term studies, recurrence risk was significantly higher for patients with LS (OR 1.83, p=0.05). One-stage BMG urethroplasty is likely a viable surgical option for patients with LS-related strictures; however, high-quality data are limited. Future multi-institutional, long-term prospective studies are needed to assess durability of 1-stage repair.

Factors Predicting Urethral Stricture Recurrence after Dorsal Onlay Augmented, Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty

Introduction: This study was carried out to identify the predictors of urethral stricture recurrence after dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty. Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients with anterior urethral stricture who underwent dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty at a single tertiary medical center during the period from March 2010 to January 2018 were reviewed. Only patients with ≥2-year follow-up were included. Data regarding patient demographics, clinical characteristics, stricture characteristics, postoperative course, and adverse events were recorded. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the recurrence-free survival and likelihood of stricture recurrence. Cox regression analysis was used to identify potential independent predictors of stricture recurrence. Results: This study included 266 patients with a mean age of 37.71 years and a mean follow-up period of 49.77 months. From the overall study cohort, 34 (12.8%) reported stricture recurrence and 232 (87.2%) were not. The mean recurrence-free time was 79.93 months and mean time to recurrence was 21.59 months. On multivariate analysis, obesity (hazard ratio (HR): 6.02; 95% conference interval (CI): 1.91, 19.03: p = 0.002), inflammatory aetiology (HR: 9.13; 95% CI: 3.50, 23.81; p < 0.001), prior urethroplasty (HR: 8.81; 95% CI: 3.26, 23.86; p < 0.001), penile stricture location (HR: 3.09; 95% CI: 1.10, 8.71; p = 0.033), and stricture length >4.5 cm (HR: 6.83; 95% CI: 1.69, 27.62; p = 0.007) were the significant independent predictors of stricture recurrence. Conclusions: Dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty has a reasonable recurrence-free rate with acceptable postoperative complications. Obesity, inflammatory etiology, prior urethroplasty, penile stricture location, and longer stricture were the factors associated with urethral stricture recurrence.

Short Term Outcome of Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosa Graft for the Management of Bulbar Urethral Stricture

Objective: To assess the success of buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty by the dorsal onlay technique in long anterior urethral stricture (&gt; 2 cm long).&#x0D; Method: This prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Urology, National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka from January 2016 to December 2017 over a period of two years. Thirty three patients with primary and recurrent stricture of anterior urethra involving the bulbar urethra scheduled for single buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty were included in this study. Written consent was taken from each patient. Patients with stricture at posterior urethra or at distal penile urethra or stricture length &lt;2 cm or above 6 cm were excluded from this study. Urethral malignancy cases were also excluded. All the patients were treated with dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty.&#x0D; Results: Maximum patients were more than 40 years old. Mean age was 44.42 ± 7.43 years. Maximum patients had stricture more than 3 cm long. Mean length of stricture was 3.14 ± 0.65 cm. Cause of stricture was inflammatory (42.4%), idiopathic (27.3%), traumatic (21.2%) and iatrogenic (9.1%). Regarding clinical presentation, Poor urinary stream was found in 30 (90.9%) patients, urethral discharge in 12 (36.4%) patients, LUTS in 25 (75.8) patients and acute urinary retention in 9 (27.3) patients. Baseline peak urinary flow rate was 9.59 ± 1.68 ml/s. Peak urinary flow rate after 3 months of operation was 16.50 ± 2.19 ml/s and after 6 months of operation was 18.33 ± 4.40 ml/s. Post operative voided urine volume after 3 months of operation was 253.21 ± 41.22 ml and after 6 months of operation was 301.21 ± 50.38 ml. UTI was 3 (9.09) after 3 months and 5 (15.15) after 6 months of operation. Recurrence of stricture was 3 (9.09) after 3 months and 4 (12.12) after 6 months of operation. Urethra was seen narrow in 4 (12.12%) cases after 3 months and 6 (18.18%) cases after 6 months of operation. Regarding complications, Bleeding was in 4 (12.12%) cases, dribbling of urine in 5 (15.15%) cases, wound infection in 2 (6.06%) cases and 3 (9.09%) cases.&#x0D; Conclusion: Dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty seems as an effective method for the management of long anterior urethral strictures.&#x0D; Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January 2019 p.15-19

A multi-institutional critical assessment of dorsal onlay urethroplasty for post-radiation urethral stenosis

To critically evaluate a multi-institutional patient cohort undergoing Dorsal-Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty (D-BMGU) for recurrent post-radiation posterior urethral stenosis. Retrospective multi-institutional review of patients with posterior urethral stenosis from 10 institutions between 2010-2019 was performed. Patients with at least 1-year follow-up were assessed. Patient demographics, stenosis characteristics, peri-operative outcomes, and post-operative clinical and patient-reported outcomes were analyzed. The primary outcomes were stenosis recurrence and de-novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Secondary outcomes were changes in voiding, sexual function, and patient-reported satisfaction. Seventy-nine men with post-radiation urethral stenosis treated with D-BMGU met inclusion criteria. Median age and stenosis length were 72years, (IQR 66-75), and 3.0cm (IQR 2.5-4cm), respectively. Radiation modalities included: 36 (45.6%) external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), 13 (16.5%) brachytherapy (BT), 10 (12.7%) combination EBRT/BT, and 20 (25.3%) EBRT/radical prostatectomy. At a median follow-up of 21months (IQR 13-40), 14 patients (17.7%) had stenosis recurrence. Among 37 preoperatively-continent patients, 3 men (8.1%) developed de-novo SUI following dorsal onlay urethroplasty. Of 29 patients with preoperative SUI all but one remained incontinent post-operatively (96.6%). Following repair, patients experienced significant improvement in PVR (92.5 to 26cc, p = 0.001) and Uroflow (4.6 to 15.9cc/s, p = 0.001), and high overall satisfaction, with 91.9% reporting a GRA of + 2 or better). Dorsal onlay buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty is a safe and feasible technique in patients with post-radiation posterior urethral stenosis. This non-transecting approach may confer low rates of de-novo SUI. Further research is needed to compare this technique with excisional urethroplasty.

Dorsal onlay versus dorsal inlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral stricture: a single centre retrospective study

Background: Urethral stricture is a relatively common disease. The choice of surgery is based on the stricture location, length of the stricture and etiology. Buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty with Asopa and Kulkarni techniques, revolutionized the approach to anterior urethral stricture repair. Objective of the study was to compare both the dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty technique of Kulkarni and the dorsal inlay BMG urethroplasty technique of Asopa for the management of long anterior urethral stricture. Methods: From January 2015 to October 2019, a total of 90 patients with long anterior urethral strictures were randomized into two groups. Group A (42 patients) managed by Kulkarni technique. Group B (48 patients) managed by Asopa technique. BMG urethroplasty was considered successful if no further procedure required postoperatively with maximum flow rate &gt;15 ml/s during the follow-up period.Results: The success rate in group A and B were 80.9% and 87.5%, respectively. The mean operative time was significantly longer in group A (175±22.6 min) than in group B (102±18.14 min, p-value &lt;0.001). The average blood loss was significantly higher in group A (154±15.65 ml) than in group B (112.76±12.62 ml, p-value &lt;0.012).Conclusions: The dorsal onlay technique of Kulkarni and the dorsal inlay technique of Asopa buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty are reliable and satisfactory procedures with good success rates and minimum complications.

Outcome Predictors of Augmentation Urethroplasty Using Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft

Background: The incidence and timing of stricture recurrence and factors affecting urethroplasty outcomes remains incompletely characterized. Objective: To evaluate and determine the factors predicting the outcome of dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty. Patients and Methods: We analyzed the records of 115 patients underwent dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty at Al-Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo, Egypt, from January 2015 to April 2018, with a minimum of 12 months of followup. The risk factors examined were patient age, stricture etiology, site, length, width, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, previous visual internal urethrotomy (VIU) and urethroplasty, early postoperative complications, extravasation at first periurethral ascending cystourethrogram (ACUG) and stricture width. Results: Average patients age was 38 years. Stricture free rate was 90.4% and mean followup period was 47.5 months (range 12 to 67). Average stricture length was 5.9 cm, average stricture width was 6.3 mm, 63.4% of patients were with previous VIU, and 9.5% were with previous urethroplasty. On univariate analysis, etiology, site of stricture, previous four or more times VIU, DM, obesity, stricture length, postoperative (post op.). wound infection and leakage at first periurethral ACUG were associated with stricture recurrence. On multivariate analysis panurethral stricture (HR 280.6, 95% CI 9.1-8622.8, p =0.001), traumatic stricture (HR 17.1, 95% CI 2.4-123.4, p =0.005) were independent predictors of stricture recurrence. Stricture width, previous urethroplasty, the number of failed endoscopic procedures less than 4 times, smoking, HTN and patient age did not affect the recurrent stricture rate. Conclusion: panurethral and traumatic strictures were independent predictors of stricture recurrence.

Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty for Bulbar Urethral Stricture- Experience of 20 Cases

Objective: To assess the success of buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty by the dorsal onlay technique in bulbar urethral stricture.Materials and Methods: From July 2008 to June 2010, twenty patients with anterior urethral strictures were managed by dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty. After voiding trial, they were followed up at 3 weeks and 3 months with history, physical examination, uroflowmetry and retrograde urethrogram (RGU) if required. Patients were further followed-up at 3 months interval with uroflowmetry and retrograde urethrogram (RGU) if required. Successful outcome was defined as normal voiding with no surgical intervention after catheter removal.Results: Mean stricture length was 3.5 ± 0.8 cm and mean follow up was 12 months (range 6 to 24 months). Two patients were found to develop stricture at anastomotic site, during followup and required optical internal urethrotomy and was considered as failure. One patient developed wound infection which resolved after regular dressing. Success rate was 90%.Conclusion: Dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty is a simple technique with good surgical outcome.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 26, No.1, April, 2017, Page 8-11

Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty for Bulbar Urethral Stricture- Experience Of 20 Cases

Objective: To assess the success of buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty by the dorsal onlay technique in bulbar urethral stricture.Materials and Methods: FromJuly 2008 to June 2010, twenty patients with anterior urethral strictures weremanaged by dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty. After voiding trial, they were followed up at 3 weeksand 3 months with history, physical examination, uroflowmetryand retrograde urethrogram (RGU) if required. Patients were furtherfollowed-up at 3 months interval with uroflowmetry and retrograde urethrogram (RGU) if required. Successfuloutcome was defined as normal voiding with no surgical intervention after catheter removal.Results: Mean stricture length was 3.5 ± 0.8 cm and mean follow up was 12 months (range 6 to 24 months). Twopatients were found to develop stricture at anastomotic site, during followup and required optical internal urethrotomy and was considered as failure.One patient developed wound infection which resolved after regular dressing. Success rate was 90%.Conclusion: Dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty is a simple technique with good surgical outcome.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.2, October, 2014, Page 175-178

Dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty in female urethral stricture disease: a single-center experience

The aim of this report is to present our initial, short-term experience with dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (DBMGU) in women with urethral stricture. Between May 2011 and April 2013, eight women with moderate to severe bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms due to mid- or distal urethral stricture underwent DBMGU. All women were evaluated preoperatively with the American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score, uroflowmetry with post-void residual volume (PVR) estimation, urodynamic study, calibration with 14 F catheter, and voiding cystourethrography. Postoperatively, the women were followed at regular intervals with AUA symptom score, uroflowmetry, and PVR estimation. Increase in AUA symptom score, maximum flow rate (Q(max)) < 12 ml/s, and failure to calibrate with 18 F catheter were considered as recurrence of the disease. The mean age of the patients was 40.6 years. The mean follow-up period was 14.8 months. All women voided successfully after catheter removal. One patient was lost to follow-up after 3 months. There was significant improvement in AUA symptom score and Q(max) and reduction in PVR (p < 0.0001) at 3, 6, and 9 months. Two women had recurrence of stricture at 12 months, while another had recurrence at 18 months which was treated by urethral dilatation followed by a self-dilatation protocol. The limitations of the study include the small number of cases with short follow-up. DBMGU is a simple and safe method of urethroplasty in women with unsatisfactory results. Large size studies with long-term follow-up are desirable to document the success rates.

A Comparative Study of Dorsal Buccal Mucosa Graft Substitution Urethroplasty by Dorsal Urethrotomy Approach versus Ventral Sagittal Urethrotomy Approach

Objectives. To compare the outcome of dorsal buccal mucosal graft (BMG) substitution urethroplasty by dorsal urethrotomy approach with ventral urethrotomy approach in management of stricture urethra. Methods and Materials. A total of 40 patients who underwent dorsal BMG substitution urethroplasty were randomized into two groups. 20 patients underwent dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty as described by Barbagli, and the other 20 patients underwent dorsal BMG urethroplasty by ventral urethrotomy as described by Asopa. Operative time, success rate, satisfaction rate, and complications were compared between the two groups. Mean follow-up was 12 months (6–24 months). Results. Ventral urethrotomy group had considerably lesser operative time although the difference was not statistically significant. Patients in dorsal group had mean maximum flow rate of 19.6 mL/min and mean residual urine of 27 mL, whereas ventral group had a mean maximum flow rate of 18.8 and residual urine of 32 mL. Eighteen out of twenty patients voided well in each group, and postoperative imaging study in these patients showed a good lumen with no evidence of leak or extravasation. Conclusion. Though ventral sagittal urethrotomy preserves the blood supply of urethra and intraoperative time was less than dorsal urethrotomy technique, there was no statistically significant difference in final outcome using either technique.

Dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty in long anterior urethral stricture

To assess the success of buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty by the dorsal onlay technique in long anterior urethral stricture (> 2 cm long) through the midline perineal incision. From January 1998 to December 2003, 43 patients with long anterior urethral strictures were managed by dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty. After voiding trial, they were followed up at 3 months with uroflowmetry, retrograde urethrogram (RGU) and American Urological Association symptoms score (AUA symptoms scores). Successful outcome was defined as normal voiding with a maximum one attempt of visual internal urethrotomy (VIU) after catheter removal. Patients were further followed-up with uroflowmetry at 3 months interval and RGU every 6 months interval. Mean stricture length was 4.8 cm (range 3 to 9 cm) and mean follow up was 48 months (range 12 to 84 months). Only five patients were found to develop stricture at anastomotic site, during follow-up. Two of them voided normally after single attempt of VIU. Other three patients (6.9%) required further open surgery or repeat VIU during follow up and were considered as failure. Dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty is a simple technique with good surgical outcome.

Buccal mucosal urethroplasty: a versatile technique for all urethral segments

To present our experience with buccal mucosa urethroplasty for substitution of all segments of the anterior urethra, as the buccal mucosal graft (BMG) has emerged as the tissue of choice for single-stage reconstruction of bulbar urethral strictures, but its use for reconstructing meatal, pendulous and pan-urethral strictures has not been widely reported. Between January 1998 and October 2003, 92 patients had a BMG substitution urethroplasty at our institution; 75 had a single-stage dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty (bulbar 41, pendulous 16 and pan-urethral 18; six combined penile skin flap and BMG) and 17 (pendulous five, pan-urethral 10, bulbar two) a two-stage urethroplasty. Recurrence rates, complications and cosmetic outcomes were analysed retrospectively. Over a median (range) follow-up of 34 (8-72) months, 66 (88%) patients with a one-stage reconstruction (14/16 pendulous; 37/41, 90%, bulbar; 15/16 pan-urethral) remained stricture-free. The mean (range) time to recurrence was 9.4 (3-17) months. Of the nine recurrent strictures, six were managed by one-stage optical urethrotomy and three required a repeat urethroplasty. In patients who had a staged procedure, after a mean follow-up of 24.2 (9-56) months, one had complete graft loss, requiring re-grafting, five required stomal revision after stage 1, and only two (12%) developed a recurrent stricture after the two-stage urethroplasty. A one-stage dorsal onlay BMG urethroplasty provides excellent results for strictures involving any segment of the anterior urethra. The BMG appears to be the most versatile urethral substitute, as it can be successfully used for both one- and two-stage reconstruction of the entire anterior urethra.