Donald Brown Research Articles

Donald Brown: Pioneer of embryo development and advocate for early career funding

Donald Brown: Pioneer of embryo development and advocate for early career funding

Fictive Learning in Choice under Uncertainty: A Logistic Regression Model

This paper is an exposition of an experiment on revealed preferences, where we posit a novel discrete binary choice model. To estimate this model, we use general estimating equations or GEE. This is a methodology originating in biostatistics for estimating regression models with correlated data. In this paper, we focus on the motivation for our approach, the logic and intuition underlying our analysis and a summary of our findings. The missing technical details are in the working paper by Bunn, et al. (2013). The experimental data is available from the corresponding author Donald Brown. The recruiting poster and informed consent form are attached as appendices.

Acyclicity, anonymity, and prefilters

We analyze the decisiveness structures associated with acyclical collective choice rules. In particular, we examine the consequences of adding anonymity to weak Pareto, thereby complementing earlier results on acyclical social choice. Both finite and countably infinite populations are considered. As established in contributions by Donald Brown and by Jeffrey Banks, acyclical social choice is closely linked to prefilters in the presence of the weak Pareto principle. We introduce the notion of a conditional prefilter and use it to generalize their results. In the finite-population case, adding anonymity implies that the collection of decisive sets is a special case of a conditional prefilter. We then identify the decisiveness structure that results from adding anonymity to the weak Pareto principle. Moving to infinite populations, we obtain the decisive set that consists of the entire population as a possibility, along with a new class of prefilters that we refer to as symmetric free Fréchet prefilters. The choice of the term Fréchet prefilter is motivated by the observation that they share a defining property with the well-known Fréchet filter—namely, that all sets in the requisite collection are such that their complement is finite.

Black Natural Law. By Vincent W.Lloyd. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xv + 180. $49.95.

Religious Studies ReviewVolume 43, Issue 2 p. 149-149 Short Reviews on Recent Publications: Philosophy of Religion Black Natural Law. By Vincent W. Lloyd. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xv + 180. $49.95. Donald Brown, Donald Brown Harvard UniversitySearch for more papers by this author Donald Brown, Donald Brown Harvard UniversitySearch for more papers by this author First published: 14 June 2017 https://doi.org/10.1111/rsr.12914Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume43, Issue2June 2017Pages 149-149 RelatedInformation

Gene pioneers: Donald Brown and Thomas Maniatis win the 2012 Lasker~Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science

The 2012 Lasker~Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science recognizes Donald Brown (Carnegie Institute of Washington) and Thomas Maniatis (Columbia University) (Figure ​(Figure1),1), two scientists whose career-long contributions were seminal to our understanding of what genes are and our ability to study and manipulate them, and whose commitment to mentorship have had tremendous impact on a generation of scientists.

Pure Genes, Pure Genius

The 2012 Albert Lasker Special Achievement Award in Medical Science will be shared by Donald Brown and Tom Maniatis for their scientific work leading to the purification and study of single genes by physical and molecular biological methodologies. Brown and Maniatis are also recognized for their extraordinary commitment and generosity in promoting the careers of young scientists. The impact of these accomplishments has transformed biological and medical science over the past four decades.

Linguistic Universals as Human Universals — Divergent Views and Converging Evidence on Language Congruence and Diversity

Ping-pong is a game linguists are quite familiar with: “Experience […] leads to variation, within a fairly narrow range, as in the case of other subsystems of the human capacity and the organism generally” (Chomsky 2005: 6). For one school of thought, variation is a dwarf: Ping! — “The true picture is very different: [L]anguages differ so fundamentally from one another at every level of description (sound, grammar, lexicon, meaning) that it is very hard to find any single structural property they share” (Evans & Levinson 2009: 429). For other schools of thought, variation is a giant: Pong! It is interesting to note that linguistics is not the only discipline that is frequented by discussions in line with the maxim: If you exaggerate your point, I overstate mine in the opposite direction. In the preface to his book about religious ideas, the French psychologist and anthropologist Pascal Boyer reports that his colleagues “all laughed heartily” when he told them about his project of a “general theory of religion, explained in terms of universal cognitive processes […] Indeed, in most academic institutions […] the project would have seemed crazy” (Boyer 1994: xv). And the anthropologist Donald Brown notes in his book on

Computational Aspects of General Equilibrium Theory

The article reviews the book Computational Aspects of General Equilibrium Theory, by Donald Brown and Felix Kubler.

Should scientists study race and IQ? YES: The scientific truth must be pursued

In this, the second of two opposing commentaries, Stephen Ceci and Wendy M. Williams argue that such research is both morally defensible and important for the pursuit of truth. In the first , Steven Rose argues that studies investigating possible links between race, gender and intelligence do no good. The second of Nature's three Darwin 200 special issues celebrates 'everybody's Darwin' — the great man's legacy in the context of the human condition. The sequencing of the human genome and those of our animal relatives has broadened our understanding of the evolution of our species and the unity of the living word. Genomics has identified many sequences that are under selection, but they do not provide the simple read-out of human evolutionary history that some expected. Erika Check Hayden talks to geneticists who are coming to realize that they cannot interpret these sequences without considering the impact of human culture. Donald Brown's 1991 book Human Universals concentrated on what human societies have in common — in areas such as language, status systems and social taboos. Evolutionary psychologists have warmed to the theme, and in a field not without controversy, their attempts to understand the balance between human universals and individual and societal uniqueness are generating some fascinating ideas, as Dan Jones reports. More controversy in Commentary, on 'untouchable science'. The protagonists — Steven Rose in one corner, Stephen Ceci and Wendy Williams in the other — explain why research on the genetics of race and gender should — or should not — be pursued without restriction. Back to the history, in Books & Arts, W. F. Bynum reviews Darwin's Sacred Cause, in which Adrian Desmond and James Moore reinterpret Darwin's life and work based on two well known facts about him: he felt physical revulsion when confronted by cruelty and he loathed slavery. On a lighter note, the poetry of Darwinism features on this week's Nature Podcast, and the reason why it is not The Origin of Pigeon Species that we are celebrating. Also in this issue, a Nature Insight packaging six specially commissioned reviews on evolution. And in Naturejobs, a report on the opportunities open to biological anthropologists. See the listing of Darwin-related content from this issue in the Editorial. All of this, plus web-only material, is available at http://www.nature.com/darwin .

A vision of humanity united

A controversial new reconstruction of Charles Darwin's life suggests his family's campaign against slavery influenced his belief that all humans evolved from a single ancestor, explains W. F. Bynum. The second of Nature's three Darwin 200 special issues celebrates 'everybody's Darwin' — the great man's legacy in the context of the human condition. The sequencing of the human genome and those of our animal relatives has broadened our understanding of the evolution of our species and the unity of the living word. Genomics has identified many sequences that are under selection, but they do not provide the simple read-out of human evolutionary history that some expected. Erika Check Hayden talks to geneticists who are coming to realize that they cannot interpret these sequences without considering the impact of human culture. Donald Brown's 1991 book Human Universals concentrated on what human societies have in common — in areas such as language, status systems and social taboos. Evolutionary psychologists have warmed to the theme, and in a field not without controversy, their attempts to understand the balance between human universals and individual and societal uniqueness are generating some fascinating ideas, as Dan Jones reports. More controversy in Commentary, on 'untouchable science'. The protagonists — Steven Rose in one corner, Stephen Ceci and Wendy Williams in the other — explain why research on the genetics of race and gender should — or should not — be pursued without restriction. Back to the history, in Books & Arts, W. F. Bynum reviews Darwin's Sacred Cause, in which Adrian Desmond and James Moore reinterpret Darwin's life and work based on two well known facts about him: he felt physical revulsion when confronted by cruelty and he loathed slavery. On a lighter note, the poetry of Darwinism features on this week's Nature Podcast, and the reason why it is not The Origin of Pigeon Species that we are celebrating. Also in this issue, a Nature Insight packaging six specially commissioned reviews on evolution. And in Naturejobs, a report on the opportunities open to biological anthropologists. See the listing of Darwin-related content from this issue in the Editorial. All of this, plus web-only material, is available at http://www.nature.com/darwin .

Stem Cell Biotech: Seeking a Piece of the Action

Venture capital groups and big pharma have largely held back from investing in biotech companies focused on regenerative medicine. Will it take a clinical bull's eye to bring venture capitalists and big pharma into the cell therapy arena?

Parent and Student Voices on the First Year of the DC Opportunity Scholarship Program

In January 2004 President Bush authorized the DC School Choice Incentive Act, an initiative funded at $14 million that created a scholarship program providing 1,700 low-income Washington, DC, children the opportunity to attend participating K–12 nonpublic schools in the district. In addition to offering opportunities to participating children, the DC Opportunity Scholarship Program opens a door for examining the implications when more families are given the opportunity to select private schools for their children. This article reviews the results of a qualitative assessment aimed at understanding how families experienced their first year in the program. Referencing direct quotes from families that took part in focus groups, we address the following areas of participants' experience: reaction to the choice opportunity, motivation for participation, what was valued in schools, how information was received, selection of final school, reaction to new school environment, parent responses to new challenges, student–school responses to new challenges, financial policies, and overall satisfaction. Each section contains family responses juxtaposed with popular literature on school choice. This report is the first in a series that will monitor the experiences of families during the first 5 years of this program. We gratefully acknowledge the valuable assistance of the following project contributors: Darnita Akers, David Banks, Ph.D., Jessica Boccardo, Donald Brown, Marlo Crandall, Rachel Greszler, Daniel Hoople, Elizabeth Rutzick, Benjamin Traster, and Ashley Zollinger. We also benefited immensely from the comments of Howard Fuller, Laura Hamilton, Jeffrey Henig, and Mark Schneider on an earlier draft of this article. Nevertheless, the claims made and any remaining shortcomings in this article remain our sole responsibility. This research was funded by the Annie E. Casey Foundation through a grant to Georgetown University.We thank them for their support but acknowledge that the findings and conclusions presented in this article are ours and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the foundation or the university. Finally, we are extremely grateful for the voluntary participation of the Parent and Student Voices families, school administrators, and staff of theWashington Scholarship Fund for cooperating with this study. Consistent with our promise to participants, their names will remain confidential.

Generating imagery for forecasting terror threats

Abstract : Maps indicating threat levels based on key feature proximity and incorporating event location uncertainty are useful for planning countermeasures in the war on terrorism. Intelligence analysts and military planners need predictions about likely terrorist targets to better plan the deployment of security forces and sensing equipment. The authors have addressed this need using Gaussian-based forecasting and uncertainty modeling. Their approach excels at indicating the highest threats expected for each point along a travel path and for a global war on terrorism mission. It also excels at identifying the greatest-likelihood collection areas that would be used to observe a target. Their methods are extensions of Donald Brown's work on geospatial analysis and asymmetric-threat forecasting in the urban environment. He showed how to extract distinct signatures from associations made between historical event information and contextual information sources such as geospatial and temporal political databases. The authors have augmented this method to include uncertainty estimates associated with historical events and geospatial information layers.

Generaciones futuras: Considerando todas las partes afectadas

1. In this essay, I explore an aspect of consequentialism that cannot altogether be ignored by rival theories of normative ethics, namely the range of the parties affected by current actions, and the importance of taking these parties into account. Even those rival theories that discount some interests need a clear understanding of the nature of the interests that they proceed to discount. 2. Affected interests include the future interests of actual people and human foetuses, plus those of actual non-human creatures, and also those of future people and other creatures who cannot yet be identified. Human actions will playa large role in determining not only which humans there will be but also which non-humans; for all of these we can considerably influence the quality of life, and thus have responsibilities for the foreseeable impacts of what we do. 3. Where we make a comparable and discoverable difference to people's quality of life, we are no less responsible if they are situated in the future than in the present. Further, if we accept that the foreseeable costs of a hundred years hence matter as much as costs of the same kind in the present, then the scale of current responsibilities turns out to be vast. Those who grant this are for practical purposes consequentialists already. 4. Donald Brown has shown how there is a strong case from human interests for stabilising greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere, further strengthened by biocentric and/or ecocentric considerations. Pace Brown, a biocentric approach can weigh human interests (such as development ones) against non-human interests, and need not forbid all species extinctions; but in fact this approach still cannot justify increases to GHG concentrations. Emissions required for Third World development need to be matched by reduced emissions in developed countries. Biocentric consequentialism thus generates defensible policies. Also, as Brown holds, developed countries have obligations to support a strict international climate change agreement, with national quotas based on equal per capita emissions entitlements world-wide.

Enjoy(c)ing Cultures

Book Review| September 01 2001 Enjoy(c)ing Cultures Donald Brown Donald Brown Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Poetics Today (2001) 22 (3): 671–689. https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-22-3-671 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Donald Brown; Enjoy(c)ing Cultures. Poetics Today 1 September 2001; 22 (3): 671–689. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-22-3-671 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsPoetics Today Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2001 by the Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics2001 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Review Article You do not currently have access to this content.

Existence and Optimality of Competitive Equilibria (Charalambos Aliprantis, Donald Brown, and Owen Burkinshaw)

Existence and Optimality of Competitive Equilibria (Charalambos Aliprantis, Donald Brown, and Owen Burkinshaw)

Announcement

Abstract The Fourth Annual Symposium on the Molecular Basis of Cell-Cell Interaction. February 11–14, 1980 Islandia Hyatt House San Diego, California. Topics. Nuclear Structure, Nuclear Cytoplasmic Interactions, Chromosome Structure, Chromatin and Gene Mapping, Gene Organization and Expression, Replication and Recombination, Mitosis: Meiosis and Control of Cellular Development. Speakers. Günter Blobel, Sydney Brenner, Donald Brown, Breck Byers, Stanley Cohen, Francis Crick, James Darnell, Gerald Edelman, Joseph Gall, Peter Geiduschek, John Gurdon, Leland Hartwell, Ira Herskowitz, Michal Jazwinski, Burke Judd, Aaron Klug, Roger Kornberg, Robert Lehman, Barbara McClintock, Matthew Meselson, Don Olins, George Palade, Keith Porter, Ronald Seale, J. Herbert Taylor. Registration fee: $150.00. If your registration must be cancelled, your fee, less $25, will be returned if we are notified 3 weeks in advance of the Symposium. Please make checks payable to, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation. Nathaniel Rosen, the noted cellist, will perform Wednesday evening in a special concert for the participants of the Symposium.

Samuel's Denunciation of Kingship in the Light of the Akkadian Documents from Ugarit

and drilled stones to receive door bolts were found during the course of excavation. The rooms of the building were evidently very well fortified with sturdy doors, bars, and bolts. In room 20 some 25 whole and partial twisted opaque glass bracelets implied the presence of ladies in this area. Most of the other rooms yielded no bracelets at all. The bases of pottery bread ovens about 75 cms. in diameter in four different rooms and fragments of others indicated the preparation of quantities of food for the dwellers in the structure. The size of the rooms varied from 4.30 X 4.60 meters (room 22) and 5.50 X 5.90 meters (room 15) to a few smaller rooms like No. 24, c. 2.50 X 3.50 meters. The stratification of the T area, below the first level of Arabic, follows a similar pattern yielded in three previous seasons of excavation: Hellenistic material preceded by Iron Age levels. In the T area we found over 50 objects and in the A area over 200 pottery and stone objects, several dozen flints, a number of bronze pins and some iron objects, making a total of over 250 objects. The T area yielded over 43,900 sherds and the A area over 179,900, making a total of over 223,900. Over 2200 sherds were recorded. The 1956 staff was comprised of the writer and Mrs. Ruby Free as directors; Miss DeViolette Bernhardt and Miss Rosa Veal of Spartanburg, S. C.; Mr. and Mrs. Donald Brown, former Wheaton students; and Mr. Dwain Eckberg and Mr. Peter Gerard, Wheaton students. Area supervising was in charge of Mrs. Free, Mr. Brown, Mr. Eckberg, and Mr. Gerard; photography was in charge of Miss Bernhardt assisted by Miss Veal; recording and alternate supervising was shared by Mrs. Brown, Miss Bernhardt, and Miss Veal. Drafting in the A area was done by Mr. Gerard and in the T area by Mr. Eckberg, and pottery sorting and classification was in charge of the director, assisted by the other members of the staff. Helpful counsel was given by Mr. G. Lankester Harding, Director of the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, by Pere R. de Vaux of the 1cole Biblique, and by Father Sylvester Saller who has worked in later periods at Bethany and other sites. We plan a fifth season of excavation in 1957.