Dominant Movement Patterns Research Articles

Application of Dominant Movement Patterns in Front Roll Learning

Application of Dominant Movement Patterns in Front Roll Learning

Pengaruh Media Video Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Penerapan Prosedur Pada Materi Sub Tema Pola Gerak Dominan Senam di Kelas 5 SD

The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the application of student procedures after the use of learning video media on the sub-theme of the dominant movement pattern of grade 5 elementary school gymnastics. This study used a quantitative approach. The data used is taken from the value of the results of the front roll practice. The number of samples in this study was 25 grade 5 elementary school students. Data analysis technique using paired sample test. The results showed that there was a significant influence on the application of procedures after the use of learning video media.

Characteristic of Tidal Currents in the Lombok Strait Using 3D FVCOM Numerical Model

The Lombok Strait located between Bali Island and Lombok Island, Indonesia. Lombok Strait is complex area because influence by Indonesian Throughflow and influence by Tidal Current. For this case want to research about tidal current circulation and simulated using a three-dimensional baroclinic hydrodynamic numerical modelling method by Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM). The study was simulated during 1-year on 2004, February. The model just simulated by barotropic condition and only influence by elevation tide in open boundary. The verification of ocean current (u and v components) from the model compare with observation data has a high coefficient of determination, i.e., 0.9, respectively. This verification result shows good agreement between model and observation data. For the result model, in the Lombok strait dominant influence by M2 semidiurnal component from Indian Ocean and K1 diurnal component from Pacific Ocean. The current circulation in the near surface dominant movement pattern from southern to northern. On the other hand, for the vertical current in 100 – 600 meter is different with near surface. The current movement from northern to southern. In the sill area have upwelling phenomenon in the north side of the sill and downwelling in south of the sill.

Visitors' Spatial Movement Patterns and Market Segmentation in Washington, DC

Visitors' movement patterns can provide important information on popular sites visited and the timing of visits. Such information can be used for transportation planning, appropriate use and management of tourism resources/facilities, and market segmentation. Traditional market segmentation methods typically use one or more nonspatial variables, which cannot reflect the spatial consumption of a destination if the spatial movement patterns are not considered. While studies on visitors' spatial movements in an urban area have recently gained popularity, few, if any, have investigated visitors' spatial movements in relation to urban forests (i. e., parks, gardens, and green spaces in an urban area). In view of this, this study segments visitor markets in Washington, DC based on dominant movement patterns of 1,090 visitors. General log-linear models are used to identify dominant movement patterns and poLCA in R Studio is used for segmentation analysis. Ten significant movement patterns are identified, including seven two-ward patterns and three three-ward patterns, with the National Mall as the most visited area in the city. Findings of this study are useful for the maintenance of urban forests, the design of visitor itineraries, and the effective marketing and management of attractions and facilities in the city.

Detecting regional dominant movement patterns in trajectory data with a convolutional neural network

ABSTRACT Detecting movement patterns with complicated spatial or temporal characteristics is a challenge. The past decade has witnessed the success of deep learning in processing image, voice and text data. However, its application in movement pattern detection is not fully exploited. To address the research gap, this paper develops a deep learning approach to detect regional dominant movement patterns (RDMP) in trajectory data. Specifically, a novel feature descriptor called directional flow image (DFI) is firstly proposed to store the local directional movement information in trajectory data. A DFI classification model called TRNet is designed based on convolutional neural network. The model is then trained with a synthetic trajectory dataset covering 11 classes of commonly encountered movement patterns in reality. Finally, a sliding window detector is built to detect RDMP at multiple scales and a clustering-based merging method is proposed to prune the redundant detection results. Training of TRNet on the synthetic dataset achieves considerably high accuracy. Experiments on a real-world taxi trajectory dataset further demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach in discovering complex movement patterns in trajectory data.

Detecting regional dominant movement patterns in trajectory data with a convolutional neural network

Detecting regional dominant movement patterns in trajectory data with a convolutional neural network

Sperm cryopreservation in different grouper subspecies and application in interspecific hybridization

The present study established and confirmed an efficient technology for groupers: giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus, orange-spotted grouper E. coioides, seven-band grouper, E. septemfasciatus, and kelp grouper E. moara sperm cryopreservation and successfully applied the cryopreserved E. lanceolatus sperm into interspecific hybridization with E. coioides. For both E. lanceolatus and E. coioides, the best motility of postthaw sperm were achieved using 6% to 10% DMSO, 6% to 16% propylene glycol, and 6% ethylene glycol as cryoprotectants. Furthermore, we have successfully applied this method into the other two species of E. septemfasciatus (74.56 ± 5.45%) and E. moara (71.67 ± 5.10%) sperm cryopreservation and obtained high motility, respectively. Computer-assisted sperm motion analysis showed that the postthaw sperm of the four species of grouper could keep 30 to 35 minutes motile state in nature seawater. And the freezing–thawing process decreased the sperm motility, speed, and longevity but did not significantly change the sperm movement pattern, and the progressive linear motion still was the dominant movement pattern. For the four species of grouper, the ultrastructural analysis showed 70% to 80% of the spermatozoa had intact morphology with a little of swelling; 20% to 30% were damaged, such as swelling or rupture of head, midpiece, and tail region; and 10% to 20% were severely damaged. Whereas, by the microscopic observation, more than 90% of the postthaw sperm presented normal morphology. In the artificial insemination and hybridization experiment, high fertilization rates and hatching rates were achieved when using 10% DMSO (88.7 ± 5.3%, 85.3 ± 7.4%) and 10% propylene glycol (86.8 ± 3.3%, 83.1 ± 6.6%), with no significant difference in comparison with control (92.2 ± 1.4%, 87.9 ± 4.2%). In addition, we found the embryos from postthaw sperm of E. lanceolatus and E. coioides eggs developed and grew normally as reported in previous study on hybridization of groupers (E. coioides × E. lanceolatus) using cryopreserved sperm. The results of the present study further validated the safety of the cryopreserved sperm in breeding production by assessing the fertilization capacity, embryo development, and larval growth.

Do intermediate- and higher-order principal components contain useful information to detect subtle changes in lower extremity biomechanics during running?

Recently, a principal component analysis (PCA) approach has been used to provide insight into running pathomechanics. However, researchers often account for nearly all of the variance from the original data using only the first few, or lower-order principal components (PCs), which are often associated with the most dominant movement patterns. In contrast, intermediate- and higher-order PCs are generally associated with subtle movement patterns and may contain valuable information about between-group variation and specific test conditions. Few investigations have evaluated the utility of intermediate- and higher-order PCs based on observational cross-sectional analyses of different cohorts, and no prior studies have evaluated longitudinal changes in an intervention study. This study was designed to test the utility of intermediate- and higher-order PCs in identifying differences in running patterns between different groups based on three-dimensional bilateral lower-limb kinematics. The results reveal that differences between sex- and age-groups of 128 runners were observed in the lower- and intermediate-order PCs scores (p<0.05) while differences between baseline and following a 6-week muscle strengthening program for 24 runners with patellofemoral pain were observed in the higher-order PCs scores (p<0.05), which exhibited a moderate correlation with self-reported pain scores (r=−0.43; p<0.05).

The adaptive changes in muscle coordination following lumbar spinal fusion

Limited back motion and damage of paraspinal muscles after spinal fusion surgery may lead to abnormal compensatory movements of the body. Whether neuromuscular control changes after surgery remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to identify the muscle activation patterns employed before and after lumbar spinal fusion. Nineteen patients having low back pain and undergoing minimally invasive lumbar spinal fusion were evaluated at 1day before and 1month after fusion surgery. Nineteen matched healthy participants were recruited as controls. Patients’ pain severity and daily activity functioning were recorded. All participants were instructed to perform forward reaching, and the muscle activities were monitored using surface electromyography (EMG) with sensors placed on both sides of their trunk and lower limbs. The muscle activation patterns were identified using the principal component analysis (PCA). All patients had significant improvements in pain intensity and daily activity functioning after surgery, but exhibited an adaptive muscle activation pattern during forward reaching movement compared with the controls. Significant loading coefficients in the dominant movement pattern (reflected in the first principal component) were observed in back muscles for controls whereas in leg muscles for patients, both pre- and postoperatively. Despite substantial improvements in pain intensity and daily activity functioning after surgery, the patients exhibited decreased paraspinal muscle activities and adaptive muscle coordination patterns during forward reaching. They appeared to rely mainly on their leg muscles to compensate for their insufficient paraspinal muscle function. Early intervention focusing on training paraspinal muscles should be considered after spinal fusion surgery.

Case study reflecting principles and treatment techniques of postural restoration

The etiology of scoliosis has eluded definition. Relative Anterior Spinal Overgrowth (RASO) is generally accepted as an initiating phenomenon but predisposing factors to RASO are not understood. A revolutionary new approach to physical therapy known as Postural Restoration (PR) which, in the US, has been especially successful in sports performance enhancement, offers a perspective on human bio-mechanics which may help clarify predisposition to scoliosis. Additionally, PR treatment techniques offer powerful tools to balance asymmetrical function. The case study demonstrates the effectiveness of early intervention. Clinically, PR has also proven successful in rehabilitation for older adolescents and for adults. PR is the first approach to appreciate the significance of fundamental asymmetry of the human body as a positive factor, facilitating movement via a universal right side dominant movement pattern. This pattern represents one half of the gait cycle; its opposite pattern, on the left, is less used and less strong. Right side dominance manifests in a tri-planar system. PR recognizes the essential role respiratory function plays in the bio- mechanical organization of the body. Breathing discord effects changes in diaphragm form and function causing it to lose respiratory effectiveness and to assume a more structural role, which then reinforces lordosis. As a result, shear forces on dorsal vertebral growth plates result in RASO as described by the Heuter-Volkman principle. RASO obstructs normal thoracic flexion. Compensatory strategies to achieve flexion, which follow dominant right side patterning will demonstrate a thoracic dextro-scoliosis, with or without a compensating lumbar levo-scoliosis. PR rehabilitation begins with sagittal plane balancing. Activities follow which balance frontal plane asymmetries by inhibition of dominant muscle chains and facilitation of the non-dominant pattern. Transverse plane activity is integrated once sagittal and frontal plane relative balance has been achieved. Programs usually begin in non-weight bearing positions and progress to upright, then to alternating reciprocal movement. ADL activities are modified. All exercises rely on respiratory coordination. This case study follows a 9 year old, hypermobile girl, diagnosed by x-ray with a right thoracolumbar curvature of 27 degrees, who was able to eliminate her curvature, by x-ray, over a three month period with PR.

Summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) sperm cryopreservation and application in interspecific hybridization with olive flounder (P olivaceus)

The present study established an efficient technology for summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) sperm cryopreservation, and successfully applied the cryopreserved sperm into interspecific hybridization with olive flounder (P olivaceus). The best motility of postthaw sperm (78.00 ± 4.70% and 76.60 ± 7.90%), fertilization rates (95.70 ± 3.60% and 79.40 ± 5.20%), and hatching rates (93.10 ± 4.00% and 77.20 ± 2.90%) were achieved when using propylene glycol or DMSO as cryoprotectant. Furthermore, we have successfully improved the cryopreservation method from using 2-mL cryotube to 5-mL cryotube, and the dilution ratio has been increased to 4:1. By this method, the cryopreservation efficiency has been improved to 30 times of that with routine method. Computer-assisted sperm motion analysis showed the freezing–thawing process decreased the sperm speed but did not significantly change the sperm movement pattern, and the progressive linear motion still was the dominant movement pattern. The ultrastructural analysis showed 50% to 60% of the spermatozoa had normal morphology, 20% to 30% were slightly damaged, such as swelling or rupture of head, midpiece, and tail region, and 10% to 20% were severely damaged. In the artificial hybridization experiment, high fertilization rates and hatching rates were achieved when using 15% DMSO (95.7 ± 3.6% and 79.4 ± 5.2%, respectively) and 15% propylene glycol (93.1 ± 4.0% and 77.2 ± 2.9%, respectively), with no significant difference in comparison with control (94.7 ± 2.6% and 72.5 ± 6.5%, respectively). In addition, we found the embryos and larvae from postthaw sperm of P dentatus developed and grew normally. The results of the present study further validated the safety of the cryopreserved sperm in breeding production by assessing the fertilization capacity, embryo development, and larval growth.

Movement and Skill Analysis of Supercross Bicycle Motocross

The purpose of this study was to develop a greater understanding of Supercross bicycle motocross (BMX) via notational analysis. Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) categorized Elite riders (n = 26) were the subjects of the analysis; this event occurred during the UCI BMX World Championships. Video footage was captured and analyzed using Quicktime™ and VideoMotion© software. The movement patterns and time spent pedaling, jumping, and "pumping" were determined for each run. On average, the Elite Men took 39.62 ± 0.78 seconds to complete a track, using 30.45 ± 3.2 pedal strokes and spent 11.83 ± 1.11, 9.64 ± 1.79, and 17.05 ± 1.51 seconds pedaling, jumping, and "pumping," respectively. The Elite Women took 40.95 ± 0.91 seconds to complete a track, using 33.65 ± 5.06 pedal strokes and spent 14.40 ± 2.17, 6.28 ± 1.41, and 17.80 ± 1.83 seconds pedaling, jumping, and "coasting and pumping," respectively. The dominant movement patterns investigated for the start, takeoff, landing, and pumping were hip (∼30 times per lap) and knee extension (~30 per leg per lap) and horizontal shoulder abduction and adduction (20 times per lap). Future research is needed to identify the power and acceleration profiles of the sport, which would be paramount for determining the best practice in testing and preparing BMX athletes. Exercises that specifically target the extensors of the hips, knees, and ankles and the muscles responsible for horizontal shoulder abduction and adduction are recommended.

Market segments based on the dominant movement patterns of tourists

This paper presents an innovative method for tourist market segmentation-based on dominant movement patterns of tourists; that is, the travel sequences or patterns used by tourists most frequently. There were three steps to achieve this goal. In the first step, general log-linear models were adopted to identify the dominant movement patterns, while the second step was to discover the characteristics of the groups of tourists who travelled with these patterns. The Expectation–Maximisation algorithm was then used to partition tourist segments in terms of socio-demographic and travel behavioural variables. The third step was to select target markets based upon the earlier analysis. These methods were applied to a sample of tourists, over the period of a week, on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia. A significant outcome of this research is that it will assist tourism organisations to identify tourism market segments and develop better tour packages and more efficient marketing strategies aligned to the characteristics of the tourists.