Dominance Criteria Research Articles

Photovoltaic-powered seasonal snow storage-assisted district cooling system: Site suitability analysis and performance assessment

District cooling (DC) plants coupled with cold thermal energy storage (TES) and photovoltaic (PV) systems are getting attention worldwide. Utilising winter snow is a successfully implemented TES technology, with little scale-up. Its site identification and cooling potential are not yet fully explored, especially for DC applications. The objective of this paper is to carry out site suitability analysis and performance assessment for PV-powered snow storage-assisted DC system. The site selection methodology is based on multi-criteria decision-making techniques and geographic information system. Performance analysis is carried out mathematically by considering ten indicators. The robustness of the study is enhanced by multiple sensitivity analysis. For the base case scenario, the dominant selection criteria are observed to be cooling load density (30 %), proximity to electric grids (17 %) and air temperature (13 %). Out of the selected land cover (vacant/crops/rangeland) in Estonia, around 34 km2 was observed to be moderately-suitable for the development of the proposed system. For a specific site, the theoretical generation potential of snow cooling facility is estimated as 1728 MWh with an annual cooling share of 80 %. With annual energy output of 1823 MWh and performance-ratio of 78 %, rooftop PV plants is capable to fully power the proposed system. A satisfactory economic and environmental performance is observed at the whole system level. This study is expected to scientifically support the effective utilisation of locally available energy sources (i.e. winter snow and solar energy) for space cooling applications in cold regions.

Pharmaceutical Neuroenhancement in the Quest for Worth at Work

This article examines the use of psychoactive substances for cognitive enhancement in the context of work. By drawing upon existing qualitative research and sociological theories on meaningful work, valuation, and human agency, I explore cultural and institutional processes encouraging individuals to engage in such practices and argue that pharmaceutical neuroenhancement aids them in navigating contemporary workplaces characterized by increasingly more fragile autonomy, dignity, and recognition. Simultaneously, dominant criteria of worth generate individual worth based on achievement, self‐reliance, and material success. This interplay between institutional orders and public culture creates conditions of possibility for future‐oriented agency that resorts to pharmaceuticals as an instrument of anticipating and mitigating risks such as failure to perform, job loss due to inadequate performance, or accidents and mistakes. Often, they are attributed to individual workers' imperfections rather than to prolonged working hours or a stressful work environment. I conclude that, in the context of fragile meaningful work at the organizational level, pharmaceutical neuroenhancement becomes a tool to struggle for meaningfulness—work autonomy, dignity, and recognition—at the agent level.

Enhancing Portfolio Decarbonization Through SensitivityVaR and Distorted Stochastic Dominance

Recent trends in portfolio management emphasize the importance of reducing carbon footprints and aligning investments with sustainable practices. This paper introduces SensitivityVaR (SensitivityVaR), an advanced distortion risk measure that combines Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) with the Cornish–Fisher expansion. SensitivityVaR provides a more robust framework for managing risk, particularly under extreme market conditions. By incorporating first- and second-order distorted stochastic dominance criteria, we enhance portfolio decarbonization strategies, aligning financial objectives with environmental targets such as the Paris Agreement’s goal of a 7% annual reduction in carbon intensity from 2019 to 2050. Our empirical analysis evaluates the impact of integrating carbon intensity data—including Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions—on portfolio optimization, focusing on key sectors like technology, energy, and consumer goods. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of SensitivityVaR in managing both risk and environmental impact. The methodology led to significant reductions in carbon intensity across different portfolio configurations, while preserving competitive risk-adjusted returns. By optimizing tail risks and limiting exposure to carbon-intensive assets, this approach produced more balanced and efficient portfolios that aligned with both financial and sustainability goals. These findings offer valuable insights for institutional investors and asset managers aiming to integrate climate considerations into their investment strategies without compromising financial performance.

Determination of Warehouse Locations for Logistics Services in an Integrated City Spatial System (Case Study in Bekasi City)

Human needs consisting of clothing, food, shelter and medicines will increase every year and require services. There are many planning changes in the digital era, so it is necessary to study the location theory of logistics service storage warehouses in the city spatial system. This study aims to identify the characteristics of existing logistics services, examine the determination of the location of existing logistics service storage warehouses and become an opportunity for logistics service players who wish to be located in the region. This study uses location theory for location determination, nearest Neighbour ratio analysis and analytical hierarchical process in determining the criteria and alternative locations for logistics service storage warehouses. The results of the analysis in the identification of characteristics, namely location, company operations, company management, settlement patterns affect the distribution pattern of logistics services. Then the more dominant criterion is the market with the value obtained (0.542) because in carrying out any business activity, you have to see who is the market for the business activities being carried out. At the location of the case study as a sample, namely Jatiraden (0.618) which has the most potential according to criteria related to market, cost, human resources, infrastructure and institutions. The conclusions obtained for operational matters using three-wheeled vehicles in the distribution of logistics services are an alternative in distributing uniform residential areas. More loads and easier mobility because the accessibility of vehicles in uniform residential patterns tends to be wide. Suggestions that can be conveyed in determining the location and making any business activity must be seen from the urban area planning. So that stakeholders can refer to the city's spatial planning system, so that policies made by the government can be compatible and aligned with logistics service companies.

예비교사의 사회과 수업 연구 - 낮은 선호의 내용 영역은 어떻게 수업을 할까?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how preservice teachers constructed detours in teaching a less favored area of Social Studies, with implications for their development as professional educators. Methods: To this end, data collected from sixty-five preservice teachers were analyzed based on grounded theory. Results: The results showed that the phenomenon was 'hesitancy to teach non-preferred areas' and the causal condition was 'negative experiences with Social Studies in school'. The contextual condition influencing the change in the central phenomenon was “the influence of the preservice teacher education program,” and the mediating condition was “adjustment with fellow preservice teachers. The action/interaction for breakthrough in teaching non-preferred areas of Social Studies was “the sum of student experiences, preservice curriculum, and teamwork,” which resulted in “a desire to improve the quality of Social Studies teaching. The pattern of bypassing for teaching non-preferred areas of Social Studies was that: first, the causal conditions associated with the central phenomenon acted as antecedents for intervention strategies, with experiences as a student guiding teaching and learning choices; second, knowledge accumulation did not occur as a strategy to counteract the lack of content area knowledge identified as an important reason for non-preferred areas of Social Studies; and third, preservice teachers' current focus was on “how to learn”. Third, a strong perception that Social Studies should reflect life and that life should be influenced by Social Studies was the dominant criterion for choices related to Social Studies instruction. Fourth, circumvention strategies differed across Social Studies content areas, with differences in post-teaching efficacy depending on the degree of congruence between teaching intentions, teaching methods, and demonstration performance. Finally, lesson demonstrations that targeted weaknesses were found to strengthen their commitment to improving the quality of their teaching. Conclusion: Based on the results of the analysis, it is recommended that programs for learning the knowledge and skills of Social Studies should be strengthened, opportunities for lesson demonstration and reflection should be expanded, and the perception of the “life” position of Social Studies should be changed in order to foster preservice teachers' expertise in Social Studies teaching.

The problems of adapting Antitrust Law to the digital economy

In connection with the Fifth Antimonopoly Package, the author analyzes the effectiveness of new competition law. The aim of the research is to identify the legal and economic consequences of including the term “network effect” and special legal structures for abuse of a dominant position in digital markets in Russian legislation. The study is based on Russian and foreign legislation, materials from judicial practice, and scientific research. The new rules make it possible for the existing legal regulation on the protection of competition to be applied to the phenomena of the digital economy. However, in the digital sectors, prohibiting the abuse of a dominant position contributes to strengthening the dominance of platform operators and the formation of a digital monopoly. This is not entirely consistent with the goals of antitrust regulation. With the consolidation in the provisions of Russian law of the principle of technological neutrality, as well as the design of a public contract, the strengthening of the dominance of platform operators may be restricted. A consequence of the lack of unified terminology in the Fifth Antimonopoly Package and legislation on digital platforms is the unreasonable limitation of the subject composition of the prohibition of abuse of a dominant position in digital markets. The Fifth Antimonopoly package applies to the activities of marketplaces and aggregators, but does not extend to digital ecosystems and digital services in the format of applications, cloud storage, social networks, search engines, streaming services, among others. This limitation will be overcome by applying the general rules on the prohibition of monopolistic activities and unfair competition to digital ecosystems and digital services. The author draws attention to a number of practical problems in applying dominance criteria to the activities of digital intermediaries, focusing on their business model. Conclusions are drawn about the advisability of expanding the subject composition of relations regulated by the new special rules of the Fifth Antimonopoly Package. Legal means are also proposed aimed at ensuring a balance of interests of the dominant digital platform operators and users.

The Potential of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete to Reduce the Environmental Impact of Concrete Construction

Material optimization was one of the challenges for achieving cost-competitive solutions when concrete was introduced in construction, leading to new structural shapes for both civil works and buildings. As concrete construction became dominant, saving material was given less significance, and the selection of the structural typology was mostly influenced by construction or architectural considerations. Simple and non-time-consuming methods for building thus arose as the dominant criteria for design, and this led to the construction of less efficient structures. Currently, the awareness of the environmental footprint in concrete construction has brought the focus again to the topic of structural efficiency and material optimization. In addition, knowledge of material technology is pushing the use of cements and binders with lower environmental impact. Within this framework, Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC) has been identified as a promising evolution of ordinary concrete construction. In this paper, a discussion is presented on the structural properties required for efficient design, focusing on the toughness and deformation capacity of the material. By means of several examples, the benefits and potential application of limit analysis to design at the Ultimate Limit State with FRC are shown. On this basis, the environmental impact of a tailored mix design and structural typology is investigated for the case of slabs in buildings, showing the significant impact that might be expected (potentially reducing CO2-eq emissions to half or even less in slabs when compared to ordinary solutions).

Evaluation of the effectiveness and performance of environmental impact assessment studies in Greece

As environmental management is becoming increasingly complex, adequate assessment techniques must be utilized to forecast environmental impact trends. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the evaluation system in Greece regarding environmental impact assessment (EIA) concerning projects. Data were extracted from literature and a questionnaire, which was distributed electronically on a Pan-Hellenic scale. Results indicated that the EIA system in Greece has solid foundations with a weak point regarding implementation. Strengths, weaknesses, and threats of EIA institution were analyzed through SWOT-AHP (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats and Analytical Hierarchy Process) analysis. A dominant criterion in the analysis due to the dynamic of the deep economic recession was found to be the economic crisis.

Quantitative Criteria for Defining Planets

The current International Astronomical Union (IAU) definition of “planet” is problematic because it is vague and excludes exoplanets. Here, we describe aspects of quantitative planetary taxonomy and examine the results of unsupervised clustering of solar system bodies to guide the development of possible classification frameworks. Two unsurprising conclusions emerged from the clustering analysis: (1) satellites are distinct from planets and (2) dynamical dominance is a natural organizing principle for planetary taxonomy. To generalize an existing dynamical dominance criterion, we adopt a universal clearing timescale applicable to all central bodies (brown dwarfs, stars, and stellar remnants). Then, we propose two quantitative, unified frameworks to define both planets and exoplanets. The first framework is aligned with both the IAU definition of planet in the solar system and the IAU working definition of an exoplanet. The second framework is a simpler mass-based framework that avoids some of the difficulties ingrained in current IAU recommendations.

Two-stage particle swarm optimization with dual-indicator fusion ranking for multi-objective problems

Elite solutions guiding population evolution are often used as one of main ideas to improve the performance of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). However, in most research work, sole Pareto dominance criterion is often used to evaluate solutions. This sole criterion may easily cause some problems, such as the premature convergence. In this study, we propose an MOPSO variant with dual-indicator fusion ranking (TPSO-DF), to evaluate elite solutions and to guide search without sacrificing diversity. In TPSO-DF, two indicators are introduced by using the convergence and diversity information, respectively. Both indicators are then fusioned in a ranking measure to focus on valuable information and to filter out solutions with these valuable information. Meanwhile, an adaptive global leader selection strategy is introduced to take full advantage of valuable information and to guide population evolution toward the optimal direction. As another contribution of this study, a two-stage hybrid mutation strategy is designed by utilizing the valuable information differently in different evolutionary states of the algorithm to enhance performance. Compared to eight representative multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, the performance of TPSO-DF is validated by extensive experiments on ZDT and DTLZ test suites, as well as one practical problem. Experimental results show that TPSO-DF can achieve competitive performance on most of the test functions.

On the irrelevance of (peat-free) substrates - Qualitative insights into the social practices of hobby gardeners in Germany

Reducing peat consumption in hobby gardening offers considerable potential for reducing CO2 emissions, since peatlands are one of the most important natural carbon sinks. While existing research focuses on the products and their diffusion, we focus on people and their practices of gardening. So we conducted 44 interviews with hobby gardeners in Germany from three different contexts: gardening at home, in an allotment garden, and in an urban gardening initiative. Our findings show that substrates are not a major part of gardeners' social interactions. Purchasing substrates is a utility-driven process with, compared to gardening itself, mostly passive information behavior. Although (basic) knowledge about peat is widespread among hobby gardeners, price is the dominant purchase criterion for substrates; sustainability does not play an important role. Our results suggest that communication campaigns by governments and companies should convey substrate-related messages in those places where gardeners go to seek information, e.g. gardening-related publications. Communication should focus on the functional value of peat-free substrates and not just explain environmental benefits. Lastly, campaigns should target home gardeners rather than urban gardeners and allotment gardeners who rarely buy any substrates but rely on their own production.

The generator distribution problem for base stations during emergency power outage: A branch-and-price-and-cut approach

Motivated by the need for uninterrupted service provision in the telecommunications industry, this paper presents a novel problem concerning the transportation of diesel generators during an unplanned power outage. Given a set of base stations, each equipped with a capacitated back-up battery pack, the problem consists in finding an optimal delivery and pick-up schedule that minimises corresponding costs. The problem is significantly complicated by the fact that the delivery quantity is a decision variable, and the pick-up times depend on the delivery time, delivery quantity and constraints related to battery-charging requirements. To address the issue, we develop problem-specific pick-up time functions that can be effectively incorporated into the proposed algorithm. The problem is formulated as an arc-based model and a set-packing model. To solve it to optimality, we design a tailored branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm, including novel customised dominance criteria in the labelling algorithm and adopting heuristics that exploit the problem features and effectively improve the algorithmic performance. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is validated based on the extensive computational study and compared with a commercial solver. The proposed acceleration techniques are found to be potent with regard to computational times, and useful managerial insights are provided as part of sensitivity analyses.

Determining the location of the arsenal in an effort to increase the carrying capacity of marine forces in the critical area of the North Natuna sea

Strategic environmental dynamics in the North Natuna Sea area raises potential threat spots to the territory of the Republic of Indonesia where the Indonesian Navy needs to determine a maritime security strategy where one of the things that must be prepared is the distribution of logistics in the form of ammunition and weapons through development warehouse Arsenal. Through this research, an alternative strategic location was determined as an Arsenal warehouse as a storage place for ammunition supplies used to support the KRI carrying out operational tasks. Alternative construction locations for Arsenal are Lanal Bintan, Lanal Ranai, Lanal Bangka Belitung and Lantamal IV Pontianak. Based on Perkasal No. 17 of 2008 The criteria used and the absolute requirements for determining the location are security, transportation access and supporting facilities. Data collection for this research was carried out using the method of distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews expert. The Delphi method was used in this research to determine and agree on relevant and valid criteria and sub-criteria to be researched at the next stage. Next Method Analytic Network Process (ANP) is used to determine the best alternative with pdata processing process uses Software Super Decision. Then the structure of complex cause and effect relationships is visualized using a matrix and images using the method Decision Making Trial And Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL). The results of this research show that the priority of the alternative Arsenal warehouse location is Lanal Bintan with a weight value of 0.536308. Security criteria and sub-criteria for being safe from enemy attacks are the most dominant criteria in determining Arsenal warehouse location decisions.

ПРОКСИ ДЛЯ РАНЖИРОВАНИЯ КОМПАНИЙ ПО КРИТЕРИЯМ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА

A study of the correspondence of the ranking series of innovative companies ac-cording to the criterion of stochastic domi-nance and using the hierarchy analysis method was conducted. Within the framework of the latter, an analysis of the factors of the innovative potential of companies and their assessment were carried out, quantitative values of the influence of factors were determined. A significant rank correlation was revealed between the results obtained using two methods.

Testing out-of-sample portfolio performance using second-order stochastic dominance constrained optimization approach

Second-order Stochastic Dominance (SSD) criterion can be used to support portfolio decision making under risk and uncertainty. In this paper, we develop novel robust SSD criteria to capture the strength of dominance and portfolio optimization models utilizing these criteria to identify portfolios whose in-sample SSD dominance over a given benchmark is likely to hold also out-of-sample. The developed models can incorporate incomplete probability information by allowing a set of feasible state probabilities. We also show that these portfolio optimization models can be formulated as linear programming problems. We report results from applying these SSD-based portfolio optimization models with different sets of state probabilities in an empirical application, with a focus on evaluating the out-of-sample portfolio performance of the optimized portfolios.

Diagnosing dominance: Problematic sandhi types in the Chinese Wu dialect of Jinshan

The concept of phonological dominance plays an important role in typologizing tone sandhi behavior in Sinitic languages. We confront the diagnostic criteria for dominance with data from Jinshan, a northern Wu dialect with complex disyllabic lexical tone sandhi. Auditory and acoustic data for the seven Jinshan tones in monosyllabic words are presented and compared with their realization in several different types of disyllabic word tone. It is argued that the current criteria for deciding the dominance of tone sandhi require refinement, which, when applied, reveal examples of both left and right dominance within the same lexical tone sandhi system.

Changing the definition of treatment success alters treatment outcomes in periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Variability in the definition of treatment success poses difficulty when assessing the reported efficacy of treatments for hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). To address this problem, we determined how definitions of PJI treatment success have changed over time and how this has affected published rates of success after one-stage and two-stage treatments for hip and knee PJI. Methods: A systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted to identify one-stage and two-stage revision hip and knee PJI publications in major databases (2006-2021). Definition of treatment success, based on Musculoskeletal Infection Society tier criteria, was identified for each study. Publication year, number of patients, minimum follow-up, and study quality were also recorded. The association of success definitions and treatment success rate was measured using multi-variable meta-regression. Results: Study quality remained unchanged in the 245 publications included. Over time, no antibiotics (tier 1) and no further surgery (tier 3) (40.7 % and 54.5 %, respectively) became the two dominant criteria. After controlling for type of surgery, study quality, study design, follow-up, and year of publication, studies with less strict success definitions (tier 3) reported slightly higher odds ratios of 1.05 [1.01, 1.10] ( ) in terms of treatment success rates compared to tier 1. Conclusions: PJI researchers have gravitated towards tier-1 and tier-3 definitions of treatment success. While studies with stricter definitions had lower PJI treatment success, the clinical significance of this is unclear. Study quality, reflected in the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) score, did not improve. We advocate for improving PJI study quality, including clarification of the definition of treatment success.

Increasing schedule reliability in the multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem with stochastic travel time

The multiple depot vehicle scheduling problem (MDVSP) is one of the most studied problems in public transport service planning. It consists of assigning buses to each timetabled trip while respecting vehicle availability at each depot. Although service quality, and especially reliability, is the core of most transport agencies, the MDVSP is more often than not solved solely in a cost-efficient way. This work introduces a data-driven model to the reliable MDVSP with stochastic travel time (R-MDVSP-STT). The reliability of a schedule is assessed and accounted for by propagating delays using the probability mass function of the travel time of each timetabled trip. We propose a heuristic branch-and-price algorithm to solve this problem and a labeling algorithm with a stochastic dominance criterion for the associated subproblems. The solutions obtained are compared based on three metrics — under normal and extraordinary circumstances. Computational results on real-life instances show that our method can efficiently find good trade-offs between operational costs and reliability, improving the reliability of the solutions with little cost increase.

Epizootological and aetiopathogenetic aspects of mycobacterioses

Animal mycobacterioses, unlike those in humans, are not in the focus of veterinary science and practice for various reasons. This fact, as well as some others, including the growing incidence of human mycobacteriosis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria involved in the sensitisation of productive animals, is an objective, albeit indirect, indication of the existing problem of mycobacteriosis in veterinary medicine. This study employed the comparative geographical and epizootological methods of analysis. The findings obtained from the publications of scientists from around the world helped to summarise and objectively assess the severity of the epizootic situation regarding mycobacteriosis in animals in the world and in Ukraine, to identify a range of features of the infectious and epizootic processes, and to establish the dominant aetiopathogenetic criteria for this infection in animal populations. Animal mycobacteriosis is the subject of detailed scientific research in most countries of the world, as this disease is widespread among productive and unproductive (domestic and wild) animals, as well as the fish fauna of sea and river waters. It was found that the most common causative agents of mycobacteriosis are nontuberculous mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium avium complex, M. abscessus complex, M. kansasii, and M. fortuitum, and some others. In Ukraine, animal mycobacteriosis is not given due attention, even though parallergic reactions to tuberculin in cattle lead to complications in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection. They cause considerable losses in dairy farming due to the culling and slaughter of highly productive cows. Identification of aetiopathogenetic patterns of paraallergic reactions to tuberculin in productive animals is a key to effective control and management of the epizootic process of animal mycobacteriosis and reduction of biohazards of human infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria through food of animal origin

Criminals Can Be Leaders: An Endogenous Timing Approach to Security Games

Security Games traditionally assume sequential interactions, with the defender acting as the leader and the attacker as the follower. In this paper, we challenge such an assumption by showing that security interactions can also be simultaneous or that even the attacker might be the leader. Specifically, we consider a simple security game framework consisting of two possible targets, one attacker and one defender. Then, we extend that basic interaction using a well-known endogenous timing framework (the Game with Observable Delay) to endogenously obtain the timing of the game as part of the equilibrium outcome. Our results show that, for the same set of general assumptions, the interaction can be simultaneous or sequential (with either the defender or attacker being the leader). Although the simultaneous case could be discarded using payoff dominance, it is impossible to compare the two sequential configurations using the same criterion. The risk dominance criterion also turns out to be helpless in this case. Thus, we argue that considering attackers as leaders in Security Games is a plausible scenario that merits further consideration, not only from a theoretical point of view but also due to its alignment with certain types of real-world crime.