Domestic Resource Cost Research Articles

PROFITABILITY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF CORN FARMING IN GOWA REGENCY, SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE, INDONESIA

Corn is a multifunctional crop that is useful for food, feed, fertilizer, and biofuel. The increasing demand for corn commodities requires an increase in profitability and competitiveness, so that corn farming will be sustainable. The purpose of this research was to examine the profitability and competitiveness of corn farming in Bontonompo District, Gowa Regency. The survey method was employed in this investigation. Data collection methods include observation and interviews. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, namely deliberately selecting farmers who were trying to plant corn in paddy fields in the second planting season (MT2), and farmers who were active in farmer group activities, so that a sample of 45 respondents was obtained. There are two types of research data: primary data and secondary data. Profitability analysis and PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) are two data analysis methodologies. According to the findings of this study, the private profit or financial profit of corn farming in Bontonompo District, Gowa Regency, is Rp 7,731,314.10 per hectare, while the social profit or economic profit is Rp 8,924,460.07 per hectare. Corn farming has a financial feasibility ratio of 2,531, whereas it has an economic feasibility ratio of 2,453. Corn growing in Gowa Regency has a reasonably high level of competitiveness, as evidenced by a private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.333 and a domestic resource cost ratio (DRCR) of 0.293.

THE COMPETITIVENESS OF COMMODITIES SEAWEED USING POLICY ANALYSIS MATRIX (PAM)

Seaweed products from the city of Tarakan have been traded to outside areas such as Makassar and Surabaya before being exported overseas. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of seaweed in Tarakan City using the policy analysis matrix (PAM) method. The PAM method is used two main indicators for measuring competitiveness, namely the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) as an indicator of competitive advantage and the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) which is an indicator of comparative advantage. The results showed that seaweed in Tarakan City had a PCR value of 0.37 and a DRC of 0.08, the private profit (PP) obtained was Rp 6,444,319 financially has a competitive advantage at the business level farmer. Social profit (PS) of Rp 30,386,901 economically or the economy as a whole has a comparative advantage which means efficient use of resources. The impact of government policies on the output of seaweed cultivation is not protective with an NPCO value of 0.34. The impact of government policies on seaweed cultivation inputs is not protective with an NPCI value of 1.29, meaning that farmers have not received positive incentives from the current input subsidy policy. The EPC value of 0.31 means that the overall impact of government policies on input-output is protective and provides positive incentives to farmers, but is still relatively weak and very vulnerable if policy changes occur. The regional government is expected to provide protection to seaweed cultivators in the form of setting costs for purchasing seaweed and also to strictly supervise cartel practices in the seaweed trading system.

Implications of policy analysis matrix for competitiveness of Tuong-mango in Dong Nai, Vietnam

Purpose: The aim of the study is to apply policy analysis matrix (PAM) to identify international competitiveness of marketing channels and policy impacts of government on each marketing channels. Methodology: Policy analysis matrix is employed to evaluate influences of macroeconomic policy on the Tuong-mango value chain. The study investigated 213 sampling observation of eight main actors in chain. Findings: The findings indicate that although domestic channel 4 exhibits competitiveness (Private cost ratio (PRC) < 1), channels 1, 2, and 3 possess both comparative and competitive advantages (PRC < 1, Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) < 1, and social benefit-cost (SBC) > 1). The government’s strategy on production protection, referred to as Nominal protection coefficient on tradable output (NPCO) 0.16, together with the plan for enhancing added value, denoted as Effective protection coefficient (EPC) 0.14 and Subsidy ratio to producers (SRP) −0.18, place a significant emphasis on the first export channel. The government’s subsidy plan grants preferential treatment to Channel 4 in terms of the pricing of commercially available products, with a Nominal protection coefficient on tradable input (NPCI) value of 0.75. A value-added strategy is implemented for export channels 2 and 3, which have EPCs of 0.76 and 0.85, respectively. Policy implications: If the tradable cost is modified by 20%, there will be a change in the ratio of DRC, SBC, EPC, and SRP. While the EPC does not see a 20% reduction in domestic prices, the DRC and SBC do benefit from this cost reduction. A reduction of 20% in the local cost, coupled with a corresponding rise of 20% in the Free on Board (FOB) price, would result in a significant elevation of the SRP for export channels 1, 2, and 3. Conclusion: This is as evidence for the combination of quantitative is a dynamic tool in the policymaking process to ensure targets, constrictions, and consistent policies for agricultural fields. This permits policies to be changed in steps with an alteration in the economy and priorities set up for the tropical fruits and vegetables field.

Comparative advantage of Num-mango industry in Vinh Long, Vietnam

The main objective of this study was comparative advantages analysis at social price of Num-mango in the export channels. The examination of the domestic resource cost per shadow exchange rate (DRC/SER) ratio provides insights into the comparative advantage of the trading system in the Num-mango industry. A comprehensive study was conducted, with a total of 317 observations, with a specific emphasis on the significant individuals in Vinh Long, Vietnam. The comparative advantage of the Num-mango commerce system was inferred from a DRC/SER ratio below one, which may be attributed to the existence of two distinct export channels. The DRC/SER in export channel 1 exhibited values of 0.55, 0.67, and 0.53 over the three seasons. In season 1, export channel 2 had a score of 0.42, which then was 0.79 in season 2. The value of export channel 2 had a consistent upward trend during season 3, reaching its highest point of 0.3. It is recommended that regulators and governments provide export-focused incentives that prioritize the maximum comparative advantage. This study examines the concept of comparative advantage within export supply chains, specifically in relation to a diverse selection of tropical fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, it provides empirical evidence that supports the applicability and reliability of the Ricardian model.

Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of Rice Production in Katsina State, Nigeria

The study was carried out to analyze the competitiveness and comparative advantage of rice production in Katsina state. A total of 196 farmers were sampled using a multi-stage sampling technique. Both primary and secondary data were utilized in the study. The primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire by trained enumerators, while the secondary data on international market prices were collected from various government and non-governmental agencies. Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM), Profit share analysis and farm budgeting techniques were used for data analysis. The result of the financial profitability analysis revealed that a typical rice farmer earned an average revenue and profit of ₦663,799.25/ha and ₦322,356/ha, respectively. The result of the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) indicator (Domestic Resource Cost) showed that the farmers had a comparative advantage in rice production by having a ratio of less than one (0.46). Similarly, the percentage of the Unit Cost Domestic index (UCD) and Unit Cost Export index (UCX) for the farmers were less than 0.51 and 0.57, respectively, showing that the farmers were competitive in domestic and international markets. The Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) ratio of greater than one showed that the farmers were positively affected by the government's agricultural policies. It was recommended that the current combined trade policies in the rice sector should be sustained to strengthen the comparative advantage and increase the competitiveness of the local rice.

Comparative Advantage and the Impact of Government Intervention Policy in Dairy Production in Iraq

Food industry is a major element of the economy because of its ability and effectiveness to revive and stimulate the overall economic processes in the country to produce milk and enhance the value surplus. Food industries are characterized by their capacity, multiplicity of patterns, and techniques and complexity of the various processes. The dairy industry is one of the branches of the important food industry, as it works to improve the health status of the population and give rural people wide opportunities for work and reduce unemployment rates. The aim of the research is to shed light on dairy industry to investigate comparative advantage in Iraq and its local efficiency as well as to know impact of the policy of government intervention. Policy analysis matrix (PAM) has shown that the value of the cost factor of the local supplier (DRC) is (0.54) which is less than one. This means that dairy production has a comparative advantage of utilizing local resources and that this production is socially profitable. The also study conducted sensitivity analysis by imposing a 10% increase in costs for traded inputs as well as reducing revenue by border prices for one ton of production. After calculating the transactions for both cases, the interpretation of coefficients did not change. The study concluded that dairy projects in Iraq for the sample in the period of study was profitable in terms of both private and social prices and there is a comparative advantage according to the domestic resource cost which was less than one.

Analisis Daya Saing Komoditas Bawang Merah di Desa Songan B Kecamatan Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli

Analysis of the competitiveness of the shallot commodity in Songan B Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency
 Shallots are one of the commodities in horticulture sector. Shallots have been one of the main commodities of horticultural products cultivated by farmers in Indonesia for a long time. Shallots have long been cultivated by people in Bali specially in Bangli Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine how much competitiveness the shallot commodity has in Songan B Village, by calculating the amount of competitive advantage and comparatif advantage. Sample determination technique using Purposive Sampling technique. Sample that use in this research is farmer of Songan B village who are working on farming a who cultivating shallots selected with a total of 46 shallot farmers. Data collection was carried out from August to October 2022 in Songan B Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. The analytical tools used to calculate competitive and comparative advantages are Policy Analysis Matrix with Private Cost Ratio and Domestic Resources Cost as indicators. Research results shows that shallots farming in Songan B Village has competitiveness in the form of competitive advantage and comparatif advantage, and also can compete nationally and globally, with a PCR indicator worth 0.225674947 which means it has a competitive advantage, and the DRC indicator is worth 0.323329213 which means it has a comparative advantage.

Analysis of competitiveness of sugarcane farming: A case study in Kampung Beru Village, South Sulawesi

The sugarcane based sugar industry is a source of income for sugarcane farmers and workers in the industry. However, farmers often complain about the high price and cost of farming, which result in a decrease in the quality of sugarcane. The survival of sugarcane farmers is threatened, including those in Kampung Beru Village as one of the largest suppliers of sugarcane for Takalar Sugar Factory. This study aims to explore the competitiveness of sugarcane farming based on competitive and comparative advantages. Data collection was carried out through interviews and focus group discussion (FGD) involving 76 farmers. Policy analysis matrix (PAM) was utilized for data analysis. The results showed that the private cost ratio (PCR) value, an indicator of competitive advantage, was >1 (1.048), suggesting that sugarcane farming does not have a competitive advantage. Domestic resource cost ratio (DRCR) as an indicator of comparative advantage had a value of >1 (1.795), indicating that sugarcane farming also has no comparative advantage. Sugarcane farming has extremely low competitiveness. Hence, the government is advised to increase sugarcane productivity by conducting campaigns to use superior seeds, increase the efficiency of production facilities, revise purchase price standards, and regulate the marketing system.JEL Classification A10; B40; B55

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Pascapanen dan Daya Saing Jahe Simalungun

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) as a biopharmaceutical plant has been used both as medicine and spice. The export demand for Indonesian ginger can be considered quite high, as just for The Netherlands itself, 40 tons of ginger is needed per month. The study on the analysis of the feasibility and competitiveness of the export ginger post-harvest was carried out as a form of evaluating the competitiveness and feasibility of the post-harvest that had been carried out. The purpose of this study is analyzing production costs in rupiah and USD, income earned in rupiah and USD, local resource costs in rupiah and USD, import resource costs in rupiah and USD, the competitiveness of ginger in the international market and also the postharvest business feasibility of exported ginger in the research area. The cost analysis method is the method used to calculate production costs, income, domestic resource costs, and imported resource costs in this study. Business feasibility analyzed with Break Even Point (BEP) and the competitiveness of exported ginger in the international market analyzed with the domestic resource cost method. The conclusion of the study showed that Simalungun ginger has an ability to be competitive and compete in the international market and provide benefits and feasible to continue.

Competitiveness and Policy of Soybean Farming in Jeneponto Regency

The demand for local soybean commodities is very low compared to imported soybeans, which affects the decline in soybean planting area, and farmers are also less willing to farm soybeans because they are less profitable. Government policies related to soybean self-sufficiency are widely carried out, but imported soybean commodities still have stronger competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and government policies on soybean farming in Tamalatea District, Jeneponto Regency. This study used a survey method. Data collection techniques are observation and interviews. The sampling technique using purposive sampling is to choose soybean farmers who are more productive in their farming, so that the number of samples obtained is 48 farmers. The data analysis technique is quantitative descriptive analysis with the Policy Matrix Analysis method. The results of this study indicate that soybean farming has strong competitiveness, because it has a Private Cost Ratio value of 0.2077 and a Domestic Resource Cost Ratio of 0.1628, with a private profit of Rp 5,752,342.42 per hectare and social profit of Rp 7,682,461.16 per hectare. The input policy on soybean farming resulted in values including: input transfer (IT) of -184,240.32, transfer factor (TF) of Rp 14,365.87, and nominal protection coeficient input (NPCI) of 0.61104. Meanwhile, the output policy resulted in an output transfer (OT) value of Rp -2,099,993.19 and a nominal protection coefficient input (NPCO) of 0.7824. Input-output policies have values including: effectivity policy coeficient (EPC) of 0.7912, subsidy ratio for producer (SRP) of -0.20001, profitability coeficient (PC) of 0.7488, and net transfer (NT) of -1,930,118.73. Government policies that are protective of tradable inputs have a positive impact on soybean farming, so farmers pay lower prices than they should. Government protection policies against tradable output have not been effective, so soybean farmers get output prices that are lower than the price they should. Government policy on tradable inputs simultaneously has not been effective in protecting soybean farming, so it has not been able to provide incentives for increased production.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN, DAYA SAING DAN DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN USAHA TANI LADA (Piper nigrum. L) DI KABUPATEN WAYKANAN

Abstract,This study aims to analyze income, analyze competitiveness and determine the impact of policies on income and competitiveness of pepper farming in Way Kanan Regency. The research was conducted in Way Kanan District, GunungLabuhan District and Kasui District. The location was chosen purposively with the consideration that the area is a pepper production center in Way Kanan Regency. Sampling of farmers was carried out using the census method with a total of 80 pepper farmers as respondents. The analytical tool used to analyze income, competitiveness and the impact of pepper farming policies in Way Kanan Regency uses the PAM method. The results of the analysis obtained from the research conducted are the highest private/financial income from the exploitation of black pepper in Way Kanan Regency in the 10th year of IDR 32,426,467.70/ha. The largest social/economic income in the 10th year of production is IDR 126,709,367.67/ha. Pepper farming in Way Kanan Regency has a competitive advantage and a comparative advantage with PCR (Private Cost Ratio) and DRCR (Domestic Resource Cost Ratio) values of 0.9392 and 0.4713, respectively, so it is feasible and profitable to cultivate. The fertilizer subsidy policy can increase the income and competitiveness of the pepper commodity in Way Kanan Regency. Keywords: Competitiveness, Income and Pepper.

ANALISIS DAYA SAING USAHATANI TEMBAKAU DI KABUPATEN SUMENEP

This study aims to examine the competitiveness of tobacco cultivation in Sumenep Regency, the impact of government policies, and the sensitivity of changes in input and product prices to the competitiveness of the industry. This research utilized multistage random sampling as its sampling technique, involving 40 farmers as its total sample. The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method was used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. Sensitivity analysis was performed to quantify changes in input and output costs in the tobacco farming sector. The results showed that tobacco farming in Sumenep Regency had a comparative advantage with a Domestic resource cost ratio (DRCR) < 1 of 0.32 and a competitive advantage with a Private cost ratio (PCR) value <1, which was 0.43. The Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) value of 0.75, this indicated that the policy was not operated efficiently, revealed that government policies on the competitiveness of tobacco production in Sumenep Regency had not had a positive impact on farmers. A decreasing trend in producer surplus was also revealed by the Net Transfer (NT) value of -Rp 18,046,000, the Profitability Coefficient (PC) value of 0.62, which proved that farmers' profits were diminished in the merely existence of a policy, and the Subsidy Ratio to Producer (SRP) value of -0.226, which forces farmers to pay more than their offset production costs. The outcomes of the most thorough sensitivity research also indicated that tobacco farming currently has competitive and comparative advantages. Key words: comparative advantage, competitive advantage, tobacco farming

Bali Cattle Business Competitiveness According to the Moyo Watershed (DAS) in Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara

The research objectives were: (1) to analyze the cost of domestic resources for Bali cattle according to the business typology and (2) to analyze the efficiency of the Bali cattle business according to the business typology. The research location was the central area of the Moyo Watershed, Sumbawa Regency, with 50 random respondents and key figures: village heads, heads of livestock groups, intermediary traders, inter-island wholesalers, traders of agricultural tools, materials and medicines as well as the livestock and animal health services of Sumbawa Regency. Methods of taking respondents randomly based on business typology with survey methods and analyzed by (1) domestic resource cost analysis (BSD) and (2) Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) analysis. From the results of the study, information was obtained that bali cattle breeders in the central area of the Moyo Watershed, Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara used 3 (three) business typologies, namely: (1) breeding business typology, (2) savings business typology and (3) combination business typology (1+2). Comparative competitiveness of Bali cattle according to business typology as shown by the respective DRCR values, namely breeding typology 0.54; savings typology 0.49 and combination typology 0.32. The competitive competitiveness shown by the PCR value is the breeding typology of 0.49; savings typology 0.59 and combination typology 0.35.

Analisis Daya Saing Budidaya Ikan Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) di Kota Jakarta Timur

Analysis of Business Competitiveness of Guppy Fish Cultivation (Poecilia reticulata) in East Jakarta City
 Indonesian fishery products that are quite popular are ornamental fish. Ornamental fish such as guppy fish are quite popular in Indonesia, especially in the city of East Jakarta. Although guppy fish cultivators in the city of East Jakarta to be able to apply land use in limited land issues, cultivators must continue to apply an efficient system so that still have competitiveness with other regions. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze comparative and competitive advantages in guppy fish farming based on business scale in East Jakarta City, and to analyze the effect of output prices and input prices on comparative and competitive advantages of guppy fish farming in East Jakarta City. Based on the research results obtained using themethod Policy Analysis Matrix, every large scale business gets a bigger profit compared to the potential scale. Based on the value of Private Cost Ratio and Domestic Resource Cost Ratio which is less than one, it proves that there is competitiveness in the guppy fish farming business in East Jakarta City. The calculation of the value of other indicators analysis shows that the efficiency of the input is not determined by the size of the business scale. In the influence of government policies on input and output, it was found that a decrease in input prices was 17.65% and a combination of decreases in input output could increase the value of comparative and competitive advantage. There is a need for a joint development program that is open to all guppy fish farmers in East Jakarta City, it is necessary to have supporting policies and sustainable research at the national level.

Analysis of the competitiveness of soybean production in Benin

With the increase in its production and its prized label, Beninese soybeans are increasingly targeting the Chinese and European markets. It is then essential, to be able to take advantage of the market and to produce better by being competitive. This study goes beyond a simple profitability analysis to analyse the competitiveness of soybean production in Benin (based on the domestic resource cost ratio) and the factors on which it depends. Data used concern 967 soybean-producing farms from two agricultural development regions. Producing nearly 89% of the national soybean production, these regions have been identified for the promotion of soybean cultivation by the Beninese government. Policy Analysis Matrix and binomial logistic regression were used to analyse these data. The results showed that soybean production is profitable from both a financial and economic perspective. The Domestic Resource Cost Ratio was estimated at 0.55, indicating that the farms studied are globally competitive. The microeconomic analysis reveals that more than two-thirds of the farms in the study area are competitive. Investment in formal education for farm managers; public and private investment in infrastructure, particularly market infrastructure, technical innovations, and information transfer; and facilitating access to agricultural advice are factors on which the various stakeholders can act to improve farm competitiveness.

Dynamics of Competitiveness and Efficiency of Rice Farming in Java Island, Indonesia

Rice is the major crop in Indonesia and the staple food for more than 90% of Indonesians. Given the vital role of rice, efforts to develop rice production are a priority, especially in solving farming efficiency problems. However, inefficiency is one of the major causes of low performance in Indonesian rice production. If farming has high competitiveness and efficiency, Indonesia is encouraged to be able to become an exporter of rice. As a result, national rice farming must continue to improve its competitiveness and efficiency. This study aims to determine the economic efficiency and competitiveness of rice farming in several provinces in Java, i.e., West Java, Central Java, and East Java. The data used in this study is PATANAS survey data obtained from the Center for Socio-Economic Studies and Agricultural Policy, Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. This study used a quantitative analysis approach and analytical descriptive analysis. The level of competitiveness was analyzed using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM), while the efficiency level was analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier Method (SFM). The results showed that rice farming in Java Island has a positive profit value on private and social prices. In addition, rice farming in all research locations has competitiveness as measured by indicators of comparative and competitive advantage as characterized by the coefficient values ​​of DRC (Domestic Resource Cost Ratio) and PCR (Private Cost Ratio), which are less than one in the study period 2007-2020. The result of a technical efficiency study shows the average technical efficiency of three provinces in Java is around 0.82, and the factor input that significantly increased the technical efficiency was land and intermediate input.

Analysis of Competitiveness and Impact of Government Policies in the Business of Laying Chicken in Sindang Kasih Village West Ranomeeto Sub District South Konawe District Using the Policy Analysis Matrix Approach

This study aims to assess the competitiveness of the laying hens business in Sindang Kasih Village, East Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency, as well as the influence of government policies on the laying hens' company. In March 2021, the study was conducted in Sindang Kasih Village, East Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency. All of the participants in the study were laying hen breeders. The research sample is five businesses. The type of research data is quantitative, namely information in the form of numbers. Research variables include foreign and domestic input costs, private prices, social prices, production and revenue. Data analysis uses the Policy Analysis Matrix approach. The findings revealed that the laying hens business in Sindang Kasih Village, East Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency, had a competitive advantage, based on indicators of competitive advantage such as the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) value of 0.31 and indicators of comparative advantage such as the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) value of 0.25. The influence of government policy on laying hen output in Sindang Kasih Village, East Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency, leads the output value at social prices to be higher than the output value at private prices. Meanwhile, the influence of government policy on laying hen inputs leads profits to be higher at private pricing due to input import obstacles, resulting in production using comparatively cheap local inputs. Based on the conclusions of the study, it is necessary to have a government policy regarding increasing the selling price of laying hens products at the farmer level and supporting export activities by increasing the production of laying hens because the research results show that the price of laying hens in the international market is relatively high compared to the prevailing prices at the farmer level. And the production capacity of laying hens has been unable to export or meet international market demand.

Competitiveness and impact of government policy on chili in Indonesia

Abstract Indonesian chili faces some problems in increasing production, added value, and competitiveness of chili products, mainly in terms of quantity, quality, and continuity. The objectives of this study are (1) to analyze the private and social profitability of chili farming, (2) to analyze the chili competitiveness from both competitive and comparative advantage perspectives, (3) to examine government policy impact on chili performance, and (4) to formulate strategies to encourage chili development in Indonesia. The results of the policy analysis matrix revealed that chili farming in Indonesia’s production centers is profitable, both privately and socially. It also has competitiveness, both competitive and comparative advantages. The highest competitiveness occurs in Bandung district, West Java, with a coefficient of private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.416 and a domestic resource cost ratio (DRCR) of 0.269. Meanwhile, the lowest competitiveness occurs in Tabalong district, South Kalimantan, with a PCR coefficient of 0.857 and a DRCR of 0.556. This study also concluded that for Indonesia, it is more profitable to increase domestic chili production than importing from abroad. Strategic policies for chili development can be implemented by using hybrid seeds, complete and balanced fertilization, improving irrigation infrastructure and farming roads, increasing the capacity of farmers’ resources, and expanding the objectives and market segments.

The Competitiveness of Sorghum in East Kolaka Regency

The purpose of this research is to assess the competitiveness of sorghum cultivation in the East Kolaka Regency. The research was carried out in Lamunde Village, Tinondo District, East Kolaka Regency, in August 2021. Sorghum farmers made up the research population, which totaled 25 persons. The research sample was chosen using the census approach, which samples the total research population. Primary and secondary data were employed as kinds and sources of information. Direct interviewing, observation, and literature review were used to gather research data. Some research factors include revenues, expenses, output, private pricing, and societal prices. The Policy Analysis Matrix technique was used to assess the competitiveness of sorghum growth. The findings revealed that sorghum farming was competitive at both the personal and social price levels, as evidenced by the value of the Private Cost Ratio of 0.16 and the value of the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio of 0.11. Because, according to research, the selling price of sorghum in the international market is much higher than the prevailing price at the farmer level, there is a need for government intervention related to increasing the selling price of sorghum at the farmer level and supported by policies that can increase production efficiency.

Analysis of The Competitiveness of Coffee Agroindustry in Sleman Regency

Coffee is one of the commodities that are growing and popular today, especially with the rise of coffee shops and cafes along with the improvement of the tourism sector after the covid-19 pandemic subsided. This research aims to find out the competitiveness of merapi coffee agroindustry in Sleman regency. Competitiveness analysis is done quantitatively with the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method approach to find out comparative advantage and competitive advantage, while qualitative analysis uses the Porter Diamond model method. Data collection is done by snow ball sampling through interviews and from secondary sources. Qualitative competitiveness analysis of Sleman coffee agroindustry is carried out on conditions, demand conditions, supporting industries and strategies, competitive structures and conditions. The results showed that coffee agroindustrials in Sleman have a comparative advantage in the absence of policies or added value generated beyond the cost (DRCR value) (Domestic Resources Cost Ratio) = 0.83. Coffee Agroindustry in Sleman also has a competitive advantage, indicated by a PCR (Private Cost Ratio) value = 0.41. The competitiveness of the merapi coffee agroindustrial industry is supported by soil fertility in the Mount Merapi area, increased demand for coffee due to the development of coffee shops and cafés, support from the Sleman tourism industry and local governments. Sleman coffee agroindustrials need to be developed from the marketing side to increase brand equity.