Domestic Construction Industry Research Articles

재건축사업의 ESG 경영활동을 위한 중요도 및 우선순위 분석

This study attempted to discuss ESG activities for reconstruction projects as an effort for sustainable development of the construction industry. In particular, the purpose of this study is to analyze the importance and priorities of determinants affecting reconstruction ESG management activities in order to enhance the participation of the construction industry in ESG and its effectiveness in the domestic construction industry structure, which is composed mainly of small and medium-sized construction companies. The survey was conducted online with a quantitative survey of a group of experts working at construction companies, and the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) for the analysis of determinants of reconstruction ESG management activities was conducted using the DRESS 1.7 program. As a result of the analysis, social factors were the highest in the relative importance between AHP tier 1 factors, environmental factors, society, and governance, and environmental and governance were sequentially the highest. In addition, as a result of analyzing the relative importance of the determinants of reconstruction ESG, the importance of waste treatment, which is an environmental factor, was the highest, followed by job preparation and safety, which are social factors. On the other hand, ethical management, resident participation, and management strategies were shown to be lower in order among governance factors.

Стратегические угрозы низкой производительности труда в строительной отрасли

The author applied the methods of Professor L.V. Kvint’s scientific school of strategizing to the construction industry in the Russian Federation. Strategic threat is a set of adverse conditions and factors that affect the strategic results. This term belongs to the first stage of strategizing which analyzes external and internal environment and assesses new opportunities and threats. The research featured various strategizing issues in the domestic construction industry, in particular, those that increase labor performance. The factors that reduce labor productivity were divided into several groups as “an unstable contractor”, “an unstable team”, and “an unstable worker”. The article describes strategic threats to the development of the construction industry and introduces some ideas on how to strategize labor performance, e.g., by developing and implementing social and technological innovations. In this regard, the priority tasks should include the following measures. The best workers should be encouraged to develop their professional skills and paid as much as qualified engineers. Robotic complexes and technical systems are to replace heavy physical labor. Innovative construction technologies and products should cover a wide range of construction types.

Analisis of the matters of labour safety in the construction industry in Russian Federation

The author of the article formulates the thesis that updating of the regulatory base in the domestic construction industry on the basis of modern information technologies, including BIM modeling, can and has to lead to the high-quality improvement of the technical-and-organizational managarial decisions, made at all the stages of lifecycle during construction of buildings and structures, including the decisions for the creation of safety work conditions in the construction sphere, where rather high percentage of occupational accidents with fatal outcomes still remains.

РОЗВИТОК ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ БУДІВЕЛЬНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

The article determines that the COVID-19 pandemic, despite its large-scale pressure on the population and healthcare system, resources and economies of all countries without exception, has become a unique driver that has set the impetus for the implementation of grand transformations. Digitalization of the construction industry takes place both through the introduction of digital tools and through the automation of business processes and the transition to digital means of communication. It is argued that the domestic construction industry lags far behind global digitalization trends. Currently, most domestic construction companies are in a difficult financial and economic situation caused by a sharp drop in demand for construction services as a result of the war, which limits their potential for digital transformation. Given the global trends in digitalization, the article reveals the content of digital technologies and their capabilities in the field of ensuring the development of the potential of construction industry enterprises, which made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of their use. The article reveals the obstacles that hinder the digital development of the domestic construction industry, the key ones being irrational and inefficient use of resources, primarily technological, material and human resources; high turnover and systematic shortage of personnel; low level of implementation of digital construction tools; lack of definition of national strategic priorities for the development of the construction industry, which leads to isolation of construction companies and delay of their own digital transformation processes. The concept of developing the potential of construction industry enterprises through the introduction of digital technologies has been formed, which defines the purpose, principles, tasks, and digital transformation tools in the following areas: creating an effective management decision support system; optimizing project activities and business processes; forming a competent team of employees and a favorable corporate culture. The key goal of this concept is to ensure the development of the potential of construction companies through the implementation of digital transformations.

Особливості впровадження Єврокодів в Україні

The paper highlights the importance of the implementation of Eurocodes in Ukraine and the development of its own national regulatory documentation in the field of building structures based on them and its alignment with world standards. The article analyzes a number of studies on the implementation of Eurocodes in Ukraine. A number of main European standards, which are the basis of Eurocodes, are considered. 10 European standards, EN 1990 - EN 1999, containing general approaches to the design of buildings and other construction works and construction products, and are basic in the formation of Eurocodes, were analyzed. The main concepts that are the basis of the Eurocodes are considered, namely safety, serviceability, fire resistance and strength of building structures and materials, requirements for their reliability, service life, durability and quality. The state of harmonization of domestic DSTU and DBN with Eurocodes was studied. unification and harmonization of various design and construction traditions of all EU member states led to their long-term development and implementation. Different environmental conditions and lifestyles in different Member States require flexibility in the national application of Eurocodes. The structure of the Eurocodes, the stages and features of their implementation in the European Community are described. The advantages of Eurocodes for their introduction into the national regulatory framework are revealed. The main provisions on the harmonization of national construction standards with Eurocodes and their implementation in the construction industry of Ukraine are highlighted. In order to bring the domestic construction industry to a new level, Eurocodes should become a standard for it. State norms, which will be adapted to European ones, will allow the introduction of the latest technologies and approaches, which will ensure the compliance of buildings and structures with modern world trends. It will also allow European investors to be attracted to our market, because their standards will serve as a certain guarantee for them that all regulatory provisions will be observed during construction design, and the construction object will be implemented in accordance with current European standards.

주거공간의 유닛모듈 조합 방법을 이용한 설계개선방안 연구

In the domestic construction industry, the number of manpower available for construction is decreasing. As a result, the productivity of the construction site gradually decreases and the quality of construction deteriorates. In order to solve this situation, a new construction method such as a modular construction method is being introduced in Korea. However, research is lacking in Korea due to the lack of standards and cases for modular housing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to lay the groundwork for the study of floor plan development and design standardization for the effective application of modular architecture in small houses. In this study, module specifications were proposed by analyzing domestic laws and regulations, and 75 types of unit modules were developed, and the process of verifying the practicality of unit modules was presented by making a flat surface. This study proposed a plan for modular housing with insufficient cases and provided a basic study on the type and standardization of modular housing design. The study was intended to contribute to the future use of modular construction methods in various buildings.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТРУДА В СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МЕТОДОВ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ

The author of the article formulates the thesis that updating of the regulatory base in the domestic construction industry on the basis of modern information technologies, including BIM modeling, can and has to lead to the high-quality improvement of the technical-and-organizational managarial decisions, made at all the stages of lifecycle during construction of buildings and structures, including the decisions for the creation of safety work conditions in the construction sphere, where rather high percentage of occupational accidents with fatal outcomes still remains.

건설업 협력업체 근로자의 안전사고경험 및 안전감시단에 대한 인식조사 연구

In the domestic construction industry, the safety monitoring groups, which plays a role of assisting in disaster prevention work in the form of outsourcing due to the lack of manpower, has emerged. The safety monitoring groups has limitations in the manufacturing and quality involvement of workers at the parent company due to personnel outside the workplace, and is limited to the lack of expertise in safety management and work safety centered on workers at subcontractors need to strengthen safety management capabilities. Therefore, this study was conducted for the purpose of confirming the necessity, qualification, and understanding of the work of the workplace safety monitoring groups and using manpower to prevent industrial accidents. The subject of the study was a self-written survey of workers at Company A's construction partner in Yeosu, Jeollanam-do, and workers at construction partner companies receiving basic safety and health education in the construction industry, and statistical analysis was conducted on 365 people. As a result, 69.5% of the main tasks were aware of the risk, and the experience of accidents caused by the surrounding environment was high. The types of disasters that threaten the safety of the workplace were in the order of drop, hit by objects, and hit. 71.5% of those who experienced safety monitors at workplaces, and 39.1% of those who experienced non-compliance experienced criticism from safety monitors. Men and regular workers are more aware of the need for safety monitors and the understanding of the qualifications and work of safety monitors, and the higher the age and experience, the higher the awareness of safety monitors. The experience group of the safety monitoring groups at the workplace showed 2.029 times higher awareness of the qualifications and understanding of the work of the safety monitoring groups than the inexperienced group. This study is expected to increase the effectiveness of securing expertise in the operation of the safety monitoring groups, so it is necessary to define the activities of the safety monitoring groups without the current qualification criteria as a law or system. In addition, measures should be prepared to increase utilization in disaster prevention in the field by presenting clarity of the scope of work with safety management personnel.

A study of CO2 emissions in China's domestic construction industry based on non-competitive input-output

To accurately calculate the actual CO 2 emissions of China's domestic construction industry (CDC) under the influence of international trade factors, an improved import proportion method (IIPM) was suggested in this paper based on the non-competitive input-output (NC-IO) table in 2017. The NC-IO table of 10 years from 2010 to 2019 was complemented in combination with the Row arrange series (RAS) method, and the CO 2 emissions of the CDC in the 10 years were calculated by the input-output (I-O) method. The results reveal that CO 2 emissions of the CDC keep increasing, with an annual increase of 6.57%, and the proportion thereof to domestic CO 2 emissions has increased from 17.00% to 22.52%, although the carbon intensity has decreased by 39.6%. On this basis, by Structural decomposition analysis (SDA) model analysis, the change in CO 2 emission influencing factors in the past 10 years was analyzed from the perspective of CO 2 emissions factor, industrial structure, and domestic final demand. The results indicate that the IIPM is more accurate and the calculation is more reliable based on 5 indicators. Additionally, the optimization of the industrial structure after 2015 has had a significant dampening effect, and the final demand has played an absolute leading role in improving CO 2 emissions. From the perspective of final demand, the current emission reduction measures in the CDC, including prefabricated buildings, are not satisfactorily effective, and more efforts need to be made in emission reduction. Furthermore, the contradiction between the growth of final demand and the demand for CO 2 emissions reduction is prominent.

Trends in the use of innovative environmentally friendly construction materials

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the environmentally friendly construction materials, developed by the domestic construction industry. The major factors, interfering their wide circulation, are also revealed, including: lack of the relevant normative documents, shortcomings of the certification methods, high cost of these materials and climatic features of our country as well.

Towards the methodology of automation of buildings and structures life cycle

Changes in the innovative development of the domestic construction industry associated with the transition to a new technological order lead to the conclusion that automation and management of the construction object life cycle business processes consist in the creation of object-oriented automated technologies for each stage of the cycle based on a common data environment and an consolidated building (structure) information models, virtually representing various parts of investment, design, as-built and operational documentation. The domain area of the article is buildings life cycle, where the object of research is the formalization of technologies for automating the construction objects life cycle. The processes of the life cycle stages are technologically different, and if the general purpose of the project documentation content is to create a safe, healthy and comfortable living environment for people, then the main semantic attribute of the life cycle stages is the activity of decision makers on the management of these processes. Their activities are always object-oriented and supported by appropriate technologies at all stages. The structure of stages in the life cycle of buildings and structures contains various domain areas of activity for these specialists. The article proposes the development of a methodology for constructing automated technologies for managing of the construction objects life cycle stages, based on the practical application of the Markov algorithms theory conclusions, formulated as a Constructive Direction. This Direction asserts that any virtual or material object always has a Constructive Process implementing it. "Digitalization" as the basis for "Big Data" collection and accumulation, "artificial intelligence" as the rules for generating constructive objects, business processes automation as the practical implementation of for Constructive Process technologies and particular construction objects generation, are based on the concept of Constructive Direction. It is proposed to formally represent any automated Constructive Process (K-process) as the structure of a generative grammar model. Based on the formulated conceptual and methodological approaches for the lifecycle stages, a schematic diagram for building of automated K-process technologies models is proposed. This will reduce risks and costs, increase the development efficiency of lifecycle automated technologies. The final conclusion of the study is an indication for creating a new technological order and generating conditions for a safe, healthy and comfortable life of people in virtual and natural environments while expensive and time-consuming object-oriented automated technologies of the life cycle stages support have been developing.

Sustainable international competitiveness of regional construction industry: Spatiotemporal evolution and influential factor analysis in China

In the context of increasingly fierce competition in the international construction market and gradually saturated Chinese domestic construction industry, regional construction industries urgently need to develop differentiated strategies to achieve sustainable development of international competitiveness. This research combines sustainability perspective with incremental perspective to propose the concept of sustainable international competitiveness and explores the impact of sustainability on the spatiotemporal evolution and influential factors of international competitiveness based on exploratory spatial data analysis and quantile regression method. Analysing panel statistical data from provincial regions in China, we find that most regions develop overseas construction projects independently, resulting in random distribution of competitiveness nationwide; meanwhile, spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics present geographical expansion of competitiveness decline in aggregation regions as well as robust polarization effect and path-dependent effect in dispersion regions. Additionally, determinant influential factors of sustainable international competitiveness vary with competitiveness increasing. These findings manifest unbalanced sustainability performances in strategy-driven and demand-driven regions resulting from single driving mode of competitiveness; reveal heterogeneous development mode of influential factors with inverted U-shaped effect, marginal effect, and escape-competition effect; and provide policy makers at national, regional, and firm levels with improvement strategies tailored to local conditions in extended industrial chain, integrated contracting mode, and updated strategy deployment; promoting high-quality and sustainable development of overseas construction projects with unified policy planning in the regional construction industry.

Application and Development Analysis of Innovative Mode in Construction Engineering Management

At present, there are still many survey, design, construction and supervision companies in China that have not established a supervision management system in accordance with the provisions of standard project management. Therefore, with the gradual improvement of the management level of production and operation in domestic construction industry and construction industry, more innovative and advanced models need to be introduced in practice in the field of construction and engineering operation and management. At present, the comprehensive, rapid and in-depth development of social and economic development and modern science and technology construction has effectively and continuously improved the scientific construction efficiency and level of construction industry management at home and abroad. Various construction modes that meet the needs and development characteristics of contemporary construction enterprise management innovation have been constantly emerging. The construction engineering fine management system plays a significant role in promoting the comprehensive, sustainable and healthy development process of the construction industry economy. Especially today, with the increasingly modern development of the global construction industry technology, in order to effectively improve the market comprehensive core competitiveness of all kinds of construction management enterprises, we especially need to continue to deeply study and explore the innovative operation mode of modern construction fine management, The traditional construction project management mode is no longer in line with the current development. Based on this, this paper aims to apply some innovative thinking mode theories in contemporary construction engineering activities in practice, in order to provide decision-making reference and method reference for relevant management staff in the construction industry.

Experimental studies of the operation of a frameless building made of thin-gauge structural sections

Light metal structures (LMS) are widely spread in domestic construction industry. A promising direction for the development of LMS includes prefabricated shell structures made of thin-gauge structural sections. The scope and operating conditions of such structures are quite extensive. In this regard, the development of a competent engineering methodology for calculating buildings using thin-gauge structural sections is required. The present paper describes a method for a full-scale testing of a shell building fragment and provides the results of forces and deformations calculated using the experimental model. In addition, an approach to modeling and dimensioning of finite elements for the profiles under consideration is described. The comparative analysis of numerical data and experimental results is performed. The results of the study can be used both for developing recommendations and engineering methods for calculating similar shell buildings and for determining the actual operational scheme for units and elements of the considered structure.

개방형 BIM기반 설계VE 활용 방안 연구

Value engineering (VE) is standardized and utilized in the domestic construction industry and is recognized as an official technology for cost reduction and improvement. However, for practitioners who actually perform VEs, time and space constraints make it difficult to achieve the best performance. As a result, we want to overcome the limitations of design VEs by leveraging Building Information Modeling (BIM), which is widely used in the construction industry. BIM provides an environment for creating and managing information used in a variety of fields throughout the building

Structural path and sensitivity analysis of the CO2 emissions in the construction industry

The CO2 emissions in the construction industry contribute considerably to total CO2 emissions in the world. It is of great significance to analyze and reduce the construction CO2 emissions in order to mitigate global warming. However, little literature has studied the paths and sensitivity of construction CO2 emissions collectively. Therefore, this study assesses the structural paths and sensitivity of construction CO2 emissions in China, India, Japan, Russia, and USA in 2015 by applying the multi-regional structural path analysis model and sensitivity analysis model, respectively. The results demonstrate that the structural paths of which producing industries were the domestic electricity, gas and water industry, petroleum, chemical, and non-metallic mineral products industry, construction industry, and transport industry contributed greatly to the construction CO2 emissions in the five regions. The top ten structural paths contributed 44.2%, 54.9%, 41.8%, 63.2%, and 51.3% of the construction CO2 emissions in the five regions, respectively. The direct emissions and “domestic electricity industry→domestic construction industry” were consistently among the most significant three paths in the five regions except for India. The construction CO2 emissions in the five regions were most sensitive to the interrelationship of “domestic petroleum, chemical, and non-metallic mineral products industry→domestic construction industry”. The producing and domestic electricity industries dominated the elasticity of the construction CO2 emissions in the five regions to the most sensitive three interrelationships. This study can provide reference for policymakers to formulate effective policies to mitigate the construction CO2 emissions.

Tracking the Domestic Carbon Emission Intensity of China’s Construction Industry: A Global Value Chain Perspective

China is the largest producer of carbon in the world. China’s construction industry has received widespread attention in recent years due to its environmental issues. However, little research has been conducted to investigate the environmental efficiency of the domestic part of this industry. As the foreign contribution is beyond China’s control, identification of domestic carbon emissions is necessary to formulate effective policy interventions. Based on a multi-regional input‐output model, this study attempts to reduce the statistical bias associated with international trade, thereby obtaining a more accurate indicator of domestic carbon emission intensity. This study aims to reveal the change in the domestic carbon emission intensity of China’s construction industry during 2000–2014 and analyze the reason behind it. The results show that, first, both the constructed intensity indicator and commonly used measures of carbon emission intensity have exhibited a decreasing trend over the study period. However, the former has been consistently larger than the latter. Moreover, this difference first increased and then suddenly decreased after a particular year. Second, although the domestic carbon emission intensity shows a gradually declining trend, it has moved from second to first in global rankings, implying that China’s domestic construction industry’s carbon emission efficiency, while falling, lags behind other major economies. Third, the structural decomposition results reveal that changes in direct production emission intensity are the leading causes of the decline in domestic carbon emission intensity. In contrast, a change in the intermediate input structure led to an increase in the emission intensity in China’s construction industry. In addition, the enormous gaps of domestic carbon emission intensity in the construction industry between China and the selected countries are mainly attributable to the difference in the intermediate input structure. The study suggests that China’s construction industry needs to promote high value-added output, optimize intermediate input structure, and improve energy and emission efficiency.

Research on the Synergy Mechanism of Project Management Based on Bim

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a modern information technology platform that can realize the design, construction and operation management of construction projects by creating and using digital models. It is integrated, intelligent, digitized, and model information. The relevance and other characteristics have created an information platform that facilitates communication for all parties involved in construction projects. In recent years, BIM technology has received increasing attention and practical application in the domestic construction industry, and has provided effective modern information technology support for the research and exploration of new construction project collaborative management models and related systems and mechanisms. This selection of “project management coordination mechanism based on BIM technology application environment” for targeted research has important practical significance and value.

Значення документів ЦДНТА України для вивчення діяльності українських науково-дослідних установ будівельного профілю у 1945–1960 роках (на прикладі Південного науково-дослідного інституту промислового будівництва)

The purpose of the article is to cover various aspects of the organization of the working process in the Ukrainian scientifi c research institutions of the construction profi le on the example of documents of the Southern Research Institute of the Construction Industry («SRI») from the fond of the CSSTA of Ukraine. The protocols of the meetings of the scientifi c and technical council and the annual reports on scientifi c and technical activities of «SRI» in 1945-1960 were analyzed and some facts from the history of the institute were given. The methodology of the research involves the application of general scientifi c and special scientifi c methods, in particular the analysis and research of scientifi c and technical information sources and data systematization. The scientifi c novelty of the article is due to insuffi cient study of research activities of «SRI» and its contribution to the development of construction in Ukraine. Introduction of the protocols of meetings of the scientifi c and technical council and annual reports on scientifi c and technical activities will contribute to the development of information about the Institute and the creation of a comprehensive picture of functioning of the domestic construction industry. The prospects of further studies. Considering the fact that the topic of construction has become particularly topical in recent years, there is a need to conduct scientifi c research on the activities of Ukrainian research institutions in the construction fi eld, which are the creators of the fonds of CSSTA of Ukraine. Conclusions. The CSSTA of Ukraine retains a signifi cant array of documents related to various construction problems. The protocols of meetings of the scientifi c and technical council and annual reports on scientifi c and technical activities of «SRI» provide an opportunity to get acquainted with approaches to solving these problems, as well as to learn about daily work of Ukrainian scientistsbuilders in the fi rst post-war decades.

К вопросам регулирования законодательно-нормативной основы при разработке стратегических направлений развития отечественной строительной отрасли

В статье рассмотрены ряд проблем, связанных с разработкой стратегии развития отечественной строительной отрасли. Раскрывается необходимость комплексно, системно охватить и развить на основе разработки и внедрения инновационных технологий всю индустрию строительной сферы, включая жилищное, инфраструктурное строительство, а также капитальный ремонт многоквартирных домов. Рассмотрена ситуация на рынке стройматериалов в связи с проблемой взрывного роста стоимости металлопроката в конце прошлого года, которая повлияла на замедление темпов жилищного строительства и проведение капитального ремонта в целом по стране, что потребовало внесения изменений в законодательство. Рассмотрена необходимость изменений в вопросах ценообразования в строительстве и при проведении капитальных ремонтов многоквартирных домов, в использовании эскроу-счетов. Освещены ряд изменений, внесенных в СП 368 «Здания жилые. Правила проектирования капитального ремонта, которые значительно улучшают и расширяют условия проведения капитального ремонта в многоквартирных домах. The article considers a number of problems related to the development of a strategy for the development of the domestic construction industry. It reveals the need to comprehensively, systemically cover and develop, on the basis of the development and introduction of innovative technologies, the entire construction industry, including housing, infrastructure construction, as well as overhaul of apartment buildings. The situation in the construction materials market was considered in connection with the problem of explosive growth in the cost of metal rolling at the end of last year, which affected the slowdown in the pace of housing construction and major repairs in the whole country, which required amendments to the legislation. The need for changes in pricing issues in construction and during major repairs of apartment buildings, in the use of escrow accounts was considered. A number of changes made to SP 368 "Residential buildings. Overhaul design rules that significantly improve and expand the conditions for major repairs in apartment buildings.