Performance Of Domestic Banks Research Articles

Liquidity risk, macroprudential regulation and bank performance: empirical evidence from Vietnamese commercial banks

This paper attempts to cover the gap in the literature on the effects of liquidity risks and macroprudential policies on the performance of domestic banks in Vietnam. The two-way fixed effects and fixed effects generalized least squares methods are employed to analyze panel data from 31 Vietnamese commercial banks from 2006 to 2020. The results show that the liquid assets to total assets ratio has a positive effect on bank performance, which is measured by net interest margin. Stricter macroprudential regulations, which are represented by the short-term funding for mid-to-long-term loans ratio, improve domestic banks’ performance when taking the increase of foreign bank presence into account.

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ ОПЕРАЦІЙНИМИ РИЗИКАМИ БАНКУ

The article examines the mechanisms and methods of operational risk management in Ukrainian banks. It is determined that operational risk is a complex type of banking risk, and the peculiarity of its implementation is that it is inherent in all banking processes, products, business lines and activities and has an unpredictable nature. It is proved that the improvement of operational risk management contributes to the sustainable functioning of banks and the stability of the entire banking system. The main principles of the bank's operational risk management system formation and functioning are determined, which include: objectivity and regularity of risk identification and assessment; timeliness of their detection and evaluation; complexity; structured management; proportionality; delimitation of control functions and operational activities; independence of individual governing bodies; confidentiality; transparency and efficiency. Given the complex and dynamic nature of operational risks, as well as the active digitalization of the banking business, it is recommended that operational risks include reputational risks, information risks and cyber risks. Based on the calculations, it is established that the impact of operational risks on the performance of domestic banks tends to increase, the leveling of which requires the development of new management mechanisms through the creation and effective operation of operational risk management. A system of measures to improve operational risk management based on the use of the «three lines of protection», which includes classification, identification, measurement, monitoring, control and reporting of operational risks, as well as assessment of economic and social consequences of risk events. The main methods of operational risk management are identified and it is proved that the key direction of their use should be preventive measures to avoid or minimize the economic consequences of risks, and coverage of losses arising from their implementation should be provided by specially formed reserves of internal capital. An indicative list of key indicators has been developed and approaches to characterizing operational risk events that can be used by domestic banks in practice to minimize the consequences of operational risks have been improved.

Da li oligopolska pozicija banaka utiče na performanse poslovanja bankarskog sektora u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine?

The level of banking concentration has increased significantly in the banking sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of the successful completion of privatization, the formation of new banks, the slow transition and rapid liberalization. Rapid liberalization has introduced strong competition in the domestic banking sector on the one hand, while there has been an increased concentration of some larger banks in the system. The main goal of this research will be to analyze the correlation between the basic measures of the oligopolistic position of banks and their impact on improving or deteriorating the performance of domestic banks, such as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and net interest margin (NIM). The survey period covers the years from 2008: Q1 to 2020: Q4 on a quarterly basis. The following variables were used as independent variables in the model: HHI market concentration index in the context of loans, share of foreign banks in the total ownership structure of banks (FB), bank size (BS) and growth rate of total loans (GRTL).The interdependence of variables in this study was tested via the OLS regression model. The results showed that the foreign-owned Banks (FB) variable has a positive impact on the variable return on Assets (ROA), while the variables bank size (BS) and market concentration index for loans (HHI) have a negative impact. The result also showed that the two variables the growth rate of total loans (GRTL) as well as foreign-owned banks (FB) have a positive impact on the variable return on equity (ROE), while the variables market concentration index for loans (HHI) and bank size (BS) have a negative effect. The third result is that the variable net interest margin (NIM) has the strongest positive impact on the two variables foreign-owned banks (FB) and credit growth rate (GRTL), while concentrations for credit placements (HHI) and bank size (BS) have a negative effect.

The Impact of Foreign Bank Entry on Chinese Banks and Financial Liberalization: Recent Evidence

Opening the market to foreign investors is an action which the Chinese government will take under the pressure of economic globalization. However, the impact on domestic firms and market needs to be investigated. This study uses disaggregate measures (foreign exposure index) to analyze how the entry of foreign banks affects domestic banks and the financial markets unlike previous studies which tend to employ aggregate measures (foreign banks number and foreign bank assets share). The results show that the entry of foreign banks has a significantly positive impact on the performance of domestic banks, which is in favor of the process of domestic financial liberalization.

Foreign Banks’ Presence and Domestic Bank Performance: Evidence from Indonesia

We examine the impact of foreign presence on domestic banks’ performance by studying conventional commercial banks in Indonesia. We use monthly financial information of 97 commercial banks from 2003 through 2013 resulting in 8,600 observations. We use a panel data regression (Panel Least Square method) to test our hypotheses. Our results show that overall, foreign presence decreases the performance of domestic banks. Going deeper, we find that foreign presence reduces state-owned banks’ profitability as well as private domestic banks’ profitability. However, there is no significant effect of foreign presence on the performance of regional development banks. Little evidence found on the effect of foreign presence on overhead cost.DOI:10.15408/etk.v17i2.7769

The Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Firm Performance of Domestic Banks in Malaysia.

The Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Firm Performance of Domestic Banks in Malaysia.

Foreign banks in MENA countries: how important? How relevant?

Purpose – The role of foreign banks in impacting the behavior of domestic banks has been a relatively unaddressed topic in the literature. Employing bank-wise data on MENA countries during 2000-2012, the purpose of this paper is to examine how the behavior of foreign banks impact domestic bank performance. For this purpose, the authors focus on not only their profitability and stability, but also on broader numbers such as loan portfolio and funding costs. In addition, the authors also explore the impact of foreign banks on the growth of domestic economies and its implications for the allocation of capital and labor. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employ the dynamic panel data methodology as compared to alternate techniques owing to the ability of this technique to effectively address the endogeneity problem of some of the independent variables. Findings – The results suggest that foreign bank presence exerts significant spillover effects. At the same time, increased foreign banks appear to impel domestic banks to cut back lending. As regards its impact on growth, the results indicate that although labor does not exert any discernible impact on GDP growth, capital exerts a positive impact on output when foreign bank penetration is high, supportive of the real effects of foreign banks. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the early studies for MENA countries to examine this issue in a systematic manner. Most studies of this genre focus on a limited set of banks/countries, thereby limiting their empirical evidence. By focussing on an extended sample of MENA country banks covering an extended period that subsumes the financial crisis, the analysis is also able to shed light as to how foreign presence impacts domestic bank performance.

The impact of minority foreign ownership and controlling shareholder on bank risk and performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of minority foreign ownership on the risk taking behavior and performance of domestic banks in a country where foreign ownership restrictions are imposed. Design/methodology/approach – Mainly controlled by family business groups, the authors examine the extent by which the presence and the level of foreign ownership and voting rights affect domestic bank behavior. Findings – The results show that compared with those purely domestic-owned, banks with foreign shareholdings have lower levels of insider lending and have higher loan portfolio quality. Moreover, the authors find an increase in foreign voting rights effective in raising risk-adjusted returns and in lowering default risk. This positive effect on performance, however, ceases at higher levels of control manifested by the majority domestic shareholder. Research limitations/implications – Overall, this study shows that there are significant benefits derived from minority foreign shareholder presence in Philippine domestic banks. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the debate of whether it may be beneficial to reduce or completely lift the foreign ownership restrictions imposed on the banks in the country.

A Working Paper on the Impact of Gender of Leader on the Financial Performance of the Bank: A Case of ICICI Bank

The banking sector is the backbone of any economy and this gains more importance for a country like India, where the banks have played an important role in the development of the nation. On the other hand, woman is the backbone of any family. When there is a merger of these two features viz. bank and woman we expect the synergies to emerge.There has been a continuous surge in the number of woman employees in the banking sector of late. The woman has gone an extra mile not only to get employed in the banking sector (popularly known as BFSI- banking, financial service and insurance), rather to lead the banking sector. Though the number of woman employees has increased in other sectors also but banking sector has a special meaning as this sector, was considered to be a male dominated segment.The objective of the paper is find out whether is there any difference in the impact of gender of the CEO of a bank or not on the performance of bank, by studying the financial statements of the bank. The paper studies the ICICI bank which is the largest private sector bank which is led by woman today and a comparison is being done to draw meaningful conclusion with respect to woman leadership as to whether woman is able to perform satisfactorily vis-à-vis man or not.The paper uses financial statements and ratio analysis along with CAMEL model to compare the performance of the banks, which is used by the apex bank to monitor the performance of domestic banks. The CAMEL rating is done to determine the bank's overall condition w.r.t. financial and operating and managerial efficiencies.

The Impact of Foreign Bank Penetration on the Domestic Banking Sector: New Evidence from China

This study proposes a Foreign Banks’ Branch Networks Index (FBBNI) to capture bank-level exposure to competition from foreign banks in terms of geographical proximity. The index takes account the rapidly expanded branch networks of both foreign and domestic banks in China and therefore serves as a better proxy to study the impact of foreign bank penetration on the performance of domestic banks. Based on a sample of three types of Chinese commercial banks from 2002 to 2011, we find that the expanded branch networks of foreign banks help to stimulate the improved profitability of domestic banks, as a result of higher achieved efficiency, and the increased non-interest income of domestic banks, as a result of knowledge transformation from foreign banks. These positive relationships are more pronounced among joint-stock banks (JCBs). Finally, foreign bank penetration has been found to play a significant role in stimulating the risk-management improvement of domestic banks, especially these with foreign strategic investors.

The economic effects of foreign bank presence: Evidence from the Philippines

This study examines the economic effects of the liberalization of foreign bank entry in the Philippines from 1990 to 2006. The findings provide strong evidence on the dominance of competition effects from foreign bank presence which lead to the reduction in the profitability and overhead costs of domestic commercial banks. These findings, which reveal that both the actual market penetration and mere presence of foreign banks seem to exert competitive pressure to domestic banks, imply that foreign banks may serve as an effective competitive force, reducing the excess profits earned by domestic banks and compelling domestic banks to update their production technologies and techniques to improve their cost efficiency. From a policy perspective, the findings on competition effects of foreign banks in the domestic banking system justify the liberalization of foreign bank entry in the Philippines. The main findings demonstrate that the goal of banking liberalization in transforming domestic banks to be more competitive and efficient works considerably well in the case of the Philippines. Aside from the policy of easing the entry of foreign banks, bank-specific conditions can have significant impact on the performance of domestic banks. Therefore, a sustained improvement in the efficiency of domestic commercial banks requires not only liberalizing the entry of foreign banks, but also on continued strengthening of domestic prudential regulation and supervision on the commercial banking system.

How Does Ownership Affect Bank Performance?-The Case Of Indian Commercial Banks

Financial system reforms in recent decades have significantly reshaped the Indian commercial banking system. Despite substantial changes in the ownership and structure of Indian Banking system, fewer reliable studies have been conducted to empirically investigate the effect of ownership on various performance dimensions. Drawing upon experiences of Indian commercial banks during 2002-2009, this study analyzes how state-owned, nationalized and domestic private banks are behind foreign banks, using data envelopment analysis together with three supplementary measures of performance. The findings suggest that the performance of domestic banks has not yet reached the level of foreign banks in terms of both cost and revenue efficiencies. Surprisingly, domestic private banks are the least efficient in the market. Though foreign banks outperform domestic counterparts in multiple aspects, their contribution for spreading banking services beyond metropolitan cities by establishing new branches is trivial and thus they make the least contribution to countrys financial deepening.

Efficiency of Domestic and Foreign Banks in Thailand Since the Asian Financial Crisis

During the 1990’s, two simultaneous phenomena had converged, greatly changing the financial services industry in Thailand. At the national level, Thai banks had to restructure in response to the financial reforms implemented as a result of the financial crisis of 1997. At the global level, large multinational banks were taking advantage of worldwide, financial deregulation and rapid technological advances by offering a full range of financial products and services in order to fiercely compete, both domestically and globally. Using quarterly financial time-series data of domestic and foreign banks in Thailand from 1997 to 2003, this paper seeks to analyze the cause of their efficiency. The findings indicate that both the efficiency ratio and loan loss provisions influenced the negative performance of domestic banks, while only loan loss provisions had negatively influenced the performance of foreign banks.

Foreign versus domestic banks? performance in the UK: a multicriteria approach

Although the banking sector in the UK is one of the most open and it is characterized by an increasing foreign bank presence, it remains relatively under-researched compared to studies for other countries. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of the UK banking sector focusing on the performance of the domestic banks as opposed to the performance of the foreign banks in order to test the hypothesis of higher performance of the domestic banks in a developed market. For this purpose, the UTADIS multicriteria methodology is employed to compare domestic and foreign banks’ performance over multiple criteria, such as profitability, liquidity, risk and efficiency, using a data sample covering 26 domestic and 32 foreign banks operating in the UK over the period 1998 to 2001. The results of the study, support the home advantage hypothesis, suggesting that the higher performance of domestic banks compared to foreign banks is also the case in the UK. The most important distinguishing performance factors between the two groups of banks are interest revenue to total earning assets, and profit before taxes to loans plus securities, which are higher for the domestic banks.

Foreign Bank Presence, Domestic Bank Performance and Financial Development

This article analyses the relationship between foreign bank presence and the performance of the domestic banking sector and takes into account the role of the level of development of the financial sector of the recipient country. We use data of 982 banks in 48 countries for 1990-96. We find support for the hypothesis that financial development does matter. In particular, we show that foreign bank presence is associated with higher costs and margins of domestic banks at low levels of financial development while it is associated with falling costs and margins of domestic banks at higher levels of financial development.

How Important are Foreign Banks in the Financial Development of European Transition Countries?

This article analyses the development of the banking sector in European transition countries. We find that, although bank assets increased during the 1990s, credit to the private sector remained relatively low. Foreign-owned banks have become major players in the financial system of these countries. However, foreign bank presence and financial development in general vary considerably among the transition economies. Foreign-owned banks have, in general, higher profitability levels than domestic banks. Furthermore, it appears that foreign and domestic bank performance tend to converge.

Foreign Banks in Emerging Market Crises: Evidence from Malaysia

Foreign banks have greatly increased their presence in emerging market countries in recent years. This paper compares the performance of domestic banks and a long-established group of foreign banks during the recent crisis in Malaysia. We find that the sharpest differences are between banks mainly active in Asia (including all domestic and some foreign banks) and foreign banks not specialized in Asia. The latter group performed better than the rest during the crisis, maintaining higher profitability thanks to higher interest margins and lower non-performing loans. Foreign banks did not abandon the local market during the crisis and received less government support than domestic institutions.

Foreign Banks in Emerging Market Crises: Evidence From Malaysia

Foreign banks have greatly increased their presence in emerging market countries in recent years. This paper compares the performance of domestic banks and a long-established group of foreign banks during the recent crisis in Malaysia. We find that the sharpest differences are between banks mainly active in Asia (including all domestic and some foreign banks) and foreign banks not specialized in Asia. The latter group performed better than the rest during the crisis, maintaining higher profitability thanks to higher interest margins and lower nonperforming loans. Foreign banks did not abandon the local market during the crisis and received less government support than domestic institutions.

How Important are Foreign Banks in the Financial Development of European Transition Countries?

This paper analyzes the development of the banking sector in European transition countries. We find that, although bank assets increased during the 1990s, credit to the private sector remained relatively low. Foreign-owned banks have become major players in the financial system of these countries. However, foreign bank presence and financial development in general vary considerably among the transition economies. Foreign-owned banks have, in general, higher profitability levels than domestic banks. Furthermore, it appears that foreign and domestic bank performance tend to converge.