Variation In Food Consumption Research Articles

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Pola Pangan Harapan pada Rumah Tangga di Kelurahan Ngijo Kota Semarang

A diverse food composition indicates good quality in the consumption pattern of the community. Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) is an indicator to assess the nutritional quality and diversity of food consumption in the community, so that the results can be the basis for evaluation in building food security. This study aims to analyze the achievement level of DDP in households and analyze the factors that influence it. The research location is Ngijo Village, Gunungpati District, Semarang City. The research method used is a survey with quota sampling of 80 housewives. The data collection methods used are 2 x 24-hour food recall, interviews, and observations. Data analysis used are DDP analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that Ngijo Village had a DDP score of 85,07 and was classified as a good category in describing the diversity and quality of household food consumption patterns in it. Simultaneously, the variables of household income, number of household members, education of housewives, age of housewives, land utilization, and nutritional knowledge of housewives have an influence on the DDP score. While partially, the variables that influence the DDP score are household income, housewife education, and housewife nutritional knowledge.

ANALYSIS OF PRE-PROSPEROUS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION DIVERSITY IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE (SUSENAS DATA ANALYSIS, 2019)

Food security has clear goals and impacts on efforts to improve nutrition and improve community welfare. To achieve this, diversification of food consumption plays an important role. Diversification of food consumption has a role in efforts to improve nutrition and to obtain quality human beings and reduce dependence on certain commodities. However, consumption pattern is different to each household depending on its income levels. The majority of household welfare levels in Lampung Province are categorized as pre-prosperous households. The economic situation (income) of pre-prosperous households can affect the food choice. If the food choice is inappropriate, the fulfillment of nutritional quality is not optimal and can affect the quality of human resources. As a result, research on this topic was critical, particularly in lower middle-class households especially pre-prosperous households. The goal of this study was to examine the amount of consumption diversification and its determinants among the pre-prosperous households. Secondary data from the 2019 SUSENAS raw data were used in this investigation. This survey included 2,792 households as samples. The Berry Index was employed to quantify the diversity of food consumption, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to study its determinants. The amount of food consumption diversity among pre-prosperous households in Lampung Province was moderate. The Berry Index had an average value of 0.827. Household income, education of the head of the household, education of the mother, gender of the head of the household, and type of region all had a positive effect on household food consumption diversity, whereas the number of household members had a negative effect. Based on these results, comprehensive policies are needed with clear targets and programs that contribute to increasing employment opportunities and income so that family consumption is more diverse and of high quality. In addition, it is also necessary to increase the contribution of education both through formal and non-formal education, and promotion in the implementation of counseling or socialization on diversification of food consumption.

Studi Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Lahan Kering di Desa Sekotong Barat Kecamatan Sekotong Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Disparities in the availability and diversity of food consumption are caused, among other things, by regional conditions and land agro-ecosystems. The objectives of this research are 1) to determine the income and expenditure of dry land farming households and 2) to analyze the level of food security of dry land farming households in Sekotong Barat Village. The research method was carried out descriptively. The number of dry land farmers in Sekotong Barat Village is 180 households and 30 farming households were selected using simple random sampling. The results of the research show: 1) The household income of dry land farmers is IDR 42,511,641 per year which comes from farming income (on-farm) IDR 29,303,641, off-farm IDR 4,068,000, non-farm IDR 4,080,000, and income from other sources IDR 5,060,000 per year. 2) The total expenditure of dry land farming households is IDR 38,457,892 per year and allocated for food expenditure IDR 33,617,092 and non-food IDR 4,840,800 per year and 3) Level of food security Dry land farming households fall under the "Food Security" criteria. Then the level of food security in each household, 56.67% are classified as "Food Insecure" and 43.33% are classified as "Not Food Insecure.

Socio-demographic and cross-country differences in attention to sustainable certifications and changes in food consumption

Food labeling can influence, sometimes facilitate, changes in consumer diets to support environmental sustainability and in response to climate change. However, a significant impediment to this dietary shift may arise from the consumers’ tendency to underestimate the environmental impact of their food choices and from their limited knowledge about sustainable certifications. These aspects are influenced by the characteristics and geographical affiliations of individuals. In such a context, the aim of this research has been to identify the main factors that drive the food purchasing frequency and the changes in food consumption associated with consumers’ concerns about climate change and interest in sustainable food certifications by comparing different food products and countries (Italy, France, Germany, Denmark, the USA, and China). A cross-country survey was conducted on 6500 consumers of various food products. The obtained mean scores were then compared, using generalized linear mixed-effect models, to evaluate the associations between the consumers’ food purchasing frequency, the importance of sustainable certifications, and changes in food consumption due to climate change concerns. Much of the variation in food consumption, purchasing behaviors, and interest in sustainable certifications was found to depend on such factors as age, gender, and country of origin. Indeed, Chinese consumers exhibited a heightened interest in sustainable food certifications, yet their consumption scores for all food products overall were higher. Conversely, adult and elderly Danish consumers demonstrated a decrease in the consumption of cheeses, meat, fruits, and vegetables, and their interest scores in all sustainable food certifications were lower. Despite the challenges posed by various consumers’ interests and minimal changes in food consumption patterns, our findings suggest that sustainable certifications present a promising avenue for straightforward interventions to promote the adoption of sustainable diets and to address climate change.

Analyzing the Level of Knowledge, Food Consumption Diversity, and Nutritional Intake on Chronic Energy Deficiency among Pregnant Women in Stunting Prevention

Analyzing the Level of Knowledge, Food Consumption Diversity, and Nutritional Intake on Chronic Energy Deficiency among Pregnant Women in Stunting Prevention

Overcoming Stunting Through Local Wisdom Community Towards a Food Consumption Diversity: A Preliminary Research of Torbangun Leaves (Coleus Amboinicus L) Biscuit

Objective: This paper shows that torbangun leaves (Coleus Amboinicus L) are suitable for nursing mothers in a practical, comfortable, and healthy form according to the standards of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, namely in the form of biscuits. In the Batak ethnic group in Indonesia, it was found that local wisdom in the community that torbangun leaves are believed to improve the quality of breast milk for infants aged 12-24 months. Various studies show that the torbangun leaf contains elements that can increase a baby's height and nutrition. Method: The research was conducted experimentally to obtain biscuits from torbangun leaves based on the biscuits' aroma, texture, taste, and color. The last method is to intervene in stunting children aged 12-24 months. Children were grouped into children who were given biscuits with torbangun leaves and children who were given biscuits without torbangun leaves for three months every day. Result and Conclusion: The findings from the organoleptic test showed that the most suitable biscuits to be given to children aged 12-24 months were biscuits with the addition of torbangun leaf flour. There was a significant difference in body length in children who were given biscuits mixed with torbangun leaves and without torbangun leaves. Research implications: Research related to food consumption diversity comes from traditional knowledge of the Toba Batak ethnicity, which can be modified into healthy food to overcome stunting. From this initial research, the food industry can develop it into biscuits as a supplement for children aged 6-24 months. Originality/value: The value of this study lies in new findings in the field of supplementary diet and food consumption diversity for nutritional improvement in children aged 6 -24 months. To ensure reliability, the habit of adding food supplements to nursing mothers based on traditional knowledge of one ethnicity was studied through laboratory studies. Furthermore, the raw materials always used by breastfeeding mothers are checked to be modified into biscuits so that they are easy to obtain, easy to use, and low cost.

Dynamics of Household Consumption Expenditure on Food Items in Punjab

In the present era of rapid technological transformation it is worth studying the dynamics of household consumption expenditure on various food items as the change in technology has an impact on consumer's taste and preferences. Higher income, urbanization, other demographic shifts, improved transportation, and consumer perceptions regarding quality and safety are changing global food consumption patterns. Variations in food consumption have led to an increase in trade and changes in the composition of world agricultural trade. The study about the consumption expenditure was conducted on the basis of the data collected from two districts of Punjab i.e. Faridkot and Ludhiana. Then 200 consumers from urban area and 200 consumers from rural area were selected randomly so as to make a comparative analysis of dynamics of consumption expenditure in Punjab. To achieve the basic objectives of the study various suitable techniques were employed. For that purpose regression analysis in the algebraic form of linear, double-log and semi-log were applied. Engel's elasticity were also worked out. The study showed that there was a non-linear relationship between expenditure on the majority of the consumption items and income among urban consumers. The findings were supported by the Gini- coefficient for urban as well as for rural consumers and analysis showed that consumption disparity was more in urban areas than in rural areas in Punjab.

Changes in food purchase, consumption and handling during COVID-19 pandemic among single person households.

As a new type of consumer subject in the market that was formerly dominated by multiple person families, single households are driving the change in the buying structure. Food purchase activities have undergone significant changes since the outbreak of the COVID-19. The objective of this study was to assess and compare variations in food consumption, purchase and handling during the COVID-19 pandemic between single person households (SPH) and multiple person households. A cross-sectional study conducted among 211 individuals in communities in Harris and Waller Counties, Texas. Sociodemographic, food purchase, food consumption and food handling activities during the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed with a validated COVID-19 Nutrition questionnaire. Non-Hispanic Black participants constituted 42.6%, and 28.4% were Hispanics. Participants were made up of mostly aged 18-24 years (39.3%), 47.9% single household composition, 30.4% in full time employment, and 29.1% partook in food assistance programs. A large proportion of them had never used grocery pickup services, online grocery shopping and a farmers' market. During the COVID-19 pandemic, majority of the participants used more of large supermarkets, restaurant/fast food, and online grocery but food consumption seemed to remain the same for the majority of participants. For beverages, majority of participants consumed more water, less soda, and no alcohol. There was a significant association between single person household and higher restaurant/fast foods purchase. Many of the participants reported weight gain and less physical activity during the pandemic. Restaurant meal purchases was more prevalent in single-person families. The results from the study have the potential to contribute to how public policy officials, food service, and health authorities forecast how different categories of consumers will react in pandemics and may be used to inform area-specific alleviation strategies to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and future events.

Analysis of Diversity of Food Consumption in Families of Stunting Toddlers

The nutritional status of toddlers is an indicator of the diversity of family food consumption. This research aims to determine the diversity of food consumption in families of stunted toddlers and its relationship to the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Batang Alai Selatan District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan. This type of associative research uses primary and secondary data sourced from respondents and BPS data from Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency. This research uses analysis of food consumption patterns with the help of 24-hour food recall. The relationship between diversity in family food consumption and the incidence of stunting in children under five using Chi-square analysis. The research results show that the DDP score for food diversity for toddlers in Batang Alai Selatan District reached 77.3. The criteria for food consumption for families of children under five in the research area it still needs to be more diverse because it is still dominated by the grain food group (52.8%) and animal food (38.3%). The Chi-Square test results show that the relationship between food consumption diversity and the incidence of stunting in toddlers has an Asymp value. Sig. (2-sided) 0.000 < 0.05, the calculated Chi-Square value is 20.17 > Chi-square table 3.841, so it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the diversity of family food consumption and the incidence of stunting in toddlers

Qualitative Study of Utilization of Local Food for the Nutritional Needs of Stunted Children in Indonesia

Introduction: Stunting is a national problem in Indonesia due to an imbalance in children's nutritional intake. Diversity in balanced food consumption is one of the efforts to prevent stunting. Objectives: Exploring the potential of various types of food ingredients, utilization, equipment, capabilities, and expectations of the community in utilizing local food to fulfill stunting children's nutrition. Methods: Qualitative studies use a phenomenological approach. Research informants 15 people. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion activities. ATLAS.Ti22 software is used to analyze data from focus group discussions. Results: It was found that the theme of ability and expectation has the highest co-occurrence value of 0.76, meaning that hope is very strongly related to the ability of the community. The theme of ability and availability of food ingredients has a co-occurrence value of 0.58, meaning that the ability to process local food ingredients is strongly related to the availability of food ingredients. Utilization and ability co-occurrence value of 0.16 means that the use of local food ingredients is weakly related to the ability to process food. Conclusion: Diversity in food consumption is related to food availability, utilization, and ability to process food. Suggestion: local food processing assistance is needed for the stunting target group to increase the community's ability to process local food. Inter-agency collaboration is needed in specific nutrition intervention programs by utilizing local food ingredients.

The Relationship Between Food Consumption Diversity and Maternal Parenting Patterns with Stunting in Toddlers

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Stunting is malnutrition in toddlers, especially in the first 1000 days of life, which causes stunted physical growth and susceptibility to disease. Stunting is one of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets in the 2nd sustainable development goal with the target set is to reduce the stunting rate by 40% in the year 2025. According to Minister of National Development Planning (2020), Padang is one of cities for integrated stunting reduction interventions in 2021. The highest prevalence of stunting in Padang Selatan District occurred in Seberang Padang Health Center working area, which is 16.4%. In 2021, the prevalence of stunting in the Puskesmas Seberang Padang working area increased to 17.8% of the total 590 toddlers whose height was measured. This study aims to determine the relationship between food consumption diversity and maternal parenting with the incidence of toddlers' stunting in the working area of Puskesmas Seberang Padang. This research was conducted by observational study using cross-sectional design. The study population was all toddlers in Seberang Padang Health Center’s work area with sample of 179 respondents using proportional sampling as sampling technique and collected by questionnaire. The result showed that food consumption diversity (p=0.000), food parenting (p=0.000), hygiene parenting (p=0.026), health parenting (p=0.018) and psychosocial stimulation parenting (p=0.031) have significant relationship with the incidence of stunting. The most dominant factor is food consumption diversity (OR=24,263). The conclusion of this study is that there is significant relationship between the diversity of food consumption, food parenting, hygiene parenting, health parenting and psychosocial stimulation parenting with the incidence of stunting and the most dominant factor is the diversity of food consumption.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><strong><em>Food consumption diversity, Maternal parenting pattern</em></strong><strong><em>, </em></strong><strong><em>Stunting</em></strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

Hubungan keragaman konsumsi pangan dan asupan zat gizi dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan

Stunting as a result of chronic nutritional problems in the long term. Height for age -2 Standard Deviation (SD) is called stunting. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the diversity of food consumption and nutrient intake with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months. The method of this research was analytic observational with cross sectional design. The population of this study were all children under five in Sukaratu Village, Sukaresik District as many as 364 people. The subject of this study was toddlers aged 24-59 months, obtained as many as 76 subject. Sampling using Proportional Random Sampling technique. The statistical test used is Chi-square. There was a significant relationship between stunting and food diversity (OR 6,1) energy intake (OR 5,6), protein intake (OR 8,8), carbohydrate intake (OR 3.9), and fat intake (OR 8,5). Keywords: diversity of food consumption, nutrient intake, stunting, toddler

SIMPATIK website nutrition education on mother's knowledge and diversity of toddler consumption in Jambi City

The problem of under-five nutrition is still a significant concern in developing countries. One of the main factors is the level of nutritional knowledge, so feeding toddlers is inappropriate and less varied. Nutrition education must be delivered in an informative and flexible. This study aims to analyze the effect of nutrition education based on the SIMPATIK website on mothers' knowledge and diversity of toddler consumption in Jambi City. The study used a Quasy Experimental design in a pre-post test only, with 60 mothers of toddlers as subjects in the working area of the Tahtul Yaman Public Health Center in 2022. Were collection used a questionnaire, interviews and assistance using the SIMPATIK. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test at 95% CI. The results of the study, the SIMPATIK website on the nutritional knowledge of toddler mothers (p= 0,000; = 2,18), and diversity of food consumption (p= 0,000; = 0,99). In conclusion, SIMPATIK increased the nutritional knowledge of mothers of toddlers and the variety of toddlers' consumption in Jambi City. The SIMPATIK website can be used as a tool for nutrition education in the community.

Household food insecurity and children dietary diversity during the COVID-19 outbreak

The COVID-19 pandemic raises the likelihood of food insecurity and affects the nutritional status of children. This study aims to examine the relationship between household food poverty and children's dietary diversity. The cross-sectional study has done at Lhokseumawe City and North Aceh District. A sample of 289 children aged 12–59 months participated in this study. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) was used to measure household food insecurity. Meanwhile, the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) was done to assess children's dietary diversity. The Chi-square was employed to analyze the association between household food insecurity and children's dietary diversity. The prevalence of household food insecurity was 8,3%, consisting of 5,5% moderate food insecurity and 2,8% severe food insecurity. Most children had diverse food consumption (88,6%). However, 11,4% of children had low dietary diversity. Household food insecurity was significantly correlated with children's dietary diversity (p= 0,002). Conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic indirectly impacts household food insecurity, which can worsen the condition of food consumption for toddlers, especially regarding diversity in food consumption. A strategy is required to assist food-insecure households to maintain and increase children's dietary diversity.

Development of Family Based Food Security Policy Program Evaluation Model in The Sustainable Food Yard (P2l) Program in Tuban District

Increasing public knowledge and information about the diversity of food consumption is expected to reduce people's dependence on rice as a staple food, which is still high, improve diet so that it is more diverse, nutritionally balanced and safe which supports the community to be able to live a healthy, active and more productive life. productive. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Yard Land Utilization Optimization activities in Tuban Regency in the Sustainable Food Yard (P2L) activity program, and Women Farmer Groups (KWT) in 2021 in Tuban district. A descriptive qualitative approach is used as an approach to obtain a more detailed review of the evaluation that implies the CIPP concept. The results of the research can explain and construct the CIPP evaluation model, that CIPP in the context aspect is able to describe things that need to be considered in program planning such as environmental characteristics and farming communities, especially women farmers, curriculum, strengths and weaknesses of implementing staff, facilities and infrastructure, funding, and the P2L and KWT communities; Evaluation of inputs to activities is able to identify and assess (1) the methods used in the food cultivation and food diversification program, (2) strategies to achieve the goals of the home yard utilization program, and (3) the design of the selected strategy implementation; in process evaluation it is known the pattern of relationship between executors and women farmers and the community, communication media, logistics, required resources, schedule of activities, and potential causes of program failures; while product evaluation produces information to determine to what extent predetermined goals can be achieved and to determine whether the strategy and achievement of goals, namely diversification and family-based food security, are sufficient, the impact of the program on targets.

Food consumption diversity and nutritional status among children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia: The analysis of the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research.

Stunting among children under five years of age is among the highest in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between food consumption diversity and nutritional status among children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia. The data used came from the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research. The main independent variable was the diversity of food consumption. Control variables included breastfeeding practices and demographic and socioeconomic factors. Using ordinal logistic regression, the role of food consumption diversity in influencing nutritional status was examined after controlling for breastfeeding practices and demographic and socioeconomic factors. The results of the study showed that the diversity of food consumption (AOR = 1.15; 95%CI: 1.07-1.24) significantly and statistically influenced nutritional status of children age 6-23 months in Indonesia even after controlling for the effects of breastfeeding practices and demographic and socioeconomic factors. Higher odds of having normal nutritional status compared to being stunted or severely stunted was associated with consuming food according to the dietary diversity. Higher odds of having normal nutritional status compared to being stunted or severely stunted was also significantly and statistically associated with being ever breastfed (AOR = 1.33; 95%CI: 1.22-1.46), aged 6-11 months (AOR = 3.07; 95%CI: 2.79-3.38), female (AOR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.25-1.46), children of non-working mothers (AOR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.04-1.21), children of higher educated mothers (AOR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.30-1.72), children from higher wealth quintile households (AOR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.44-1.85), children from smaller size family (AOR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.05-1.10), and urban children (AOR = 1.16; 95%CI:1.08-1.25). A profound percentage of children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia experienced stunting and severely stunting. Children who did not receive minimum dietary diversity were more likely to suffer from stunting. The findings from this study suggest that to ensure the achievement of national goal of preventing stunting and sustainable development goal of ending all forms of malnutrition in Indonesia, the strategy should promote the fulfillment of minimum food consumption diversity.

Knowledge and attitudes towards dietary patterns and lifestyle during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: an online based cross-sectional study

Background: COVID-19 outbreak being the only pandemic of 21st century, that affected globally, has left us with some realization that elucidate the advancement in science and medicine is not enough to live a healthy life for the generation of modern era, if lifestyle and habitual factors are not controlled or maintained in proper way. In this study we aimed to find out people’s knowledge and attitudes about dietary patterns and lifestyle during COVID-19. Methods: An online based questionnaire was designed to collect the data based on the age limit of 15 to 60+ years. The survey was focused on both the affected and exposed individuals (n=853). The data was collected under three main sections containing questions about nutritional knowledge, preventive measures adapted by the respondents, lifestyle practices and their concerns. Results: The outcome of the study reveals, significant association between gender of the study and their food consumption diversity (p=0.026<0.05), participants awareness about COVID-19 depends on their education level. Study also displayed the infection rate, acceptance of vaccination, change of food habit and weight gain tendency depends on the age of the individual, showing statistical significance. Conclusions: The outcome of the study acquaints that proper balance between knowledge and practice, is the most important attitude, which can build prevention against any new public health threat like COVID-19 outbreak.

PS-C23-6: THE ASSOCIATION OF ANTHROPOMETRY AND DIETARY PATTERNS WITH THE SEVERITY OF HYPERTENSION AT DIAGNOSIS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN SRI LANKA

Objective: The association between hypertension with anthropometric measurements and dietary patterns has been studied globally, giving variable results. This study analyses the anthropometry and dietary patterns of hypertensive patients in Sri Lanka. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to include hypertensive patients admitted to Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, from June 2015 to June 2016. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, and the clinical parameters were measured. Analysis was performed using the SPSS 26.0 statistical package. Results: 371 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 64.6 ± 11.4 years, 68.2% females. The mean weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and the waist circumference (WC) of the population were 58.0 ± 12.2 kg, 152.5 ± 8.0 cm, 24.9 ± 4.8 kg/m2, and 90.1 ± 12.8 cm, respectively. The sample composition according to systolic blood pressure (SBP) at diagnosis was, normal (< 130 mmHg) 2.5%, high normal (130–139 mmHg) 14.2%, Grade 1 (140–159 mmHg) 51.9%, and Grade 2 (> 160 mmHg) 31.5%, and according to diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at diagnosis was, normal (< 85 mmHg) 6.8%, high normal (85–89 mmHg) 0.6%, Grade 1 (90–99 mmHg) 43.8%, and Grade 2 (> 100 mmHg) 48.8%. The mean weight, height, BMI, and WC did not differ between these groups (p > 0.050). Simple linear regression analysis did not reveal any correlation between the systolic or diastolic blood pressure at diagnosis with the weight, height, BMI, or WC (p > 0.050). Considering the diet, out of 14 food components, the consumption of rice, vegetables, sweat, and dairy products was the highest (18.8, 18.0, 12.4, and 8.5 mean number of meals per week). Regarding the variation of food consumption between the SBP groups, only grains and pulses (p < 0.001), and dairy products (p = 0.034) showed a significant variation. For the SBP categories normal, high normal, Grade 1 and Grade 2, the mean consumption of grains and pulses and dairy products per week were (14.0, 4.7, 3.8, 3.5) and (14.0, 8.2, 7.1, 7.4) respectively. Regarding the DBP categories, consumption of fried food showed a significant variation (p = 0.044) in addition to grains and pulses (p = 0.009) and dairy products (0.007). For the DBP categories normal, high normal, Grade 1 and Grade 2, the mean consumption of fried foods, grains and pulses and dairy products per week are (2.7, 0.0, 1.2, 1.9), (7.8, 0.0, 4.3, 3.4) and (11.5, 7.0, 6.4, 8.0) respectively. Between the bloods pressure groups, there was no significant variation in the consumption of salty foods. Conclusion: There is no association between the anthropometric measurements and the severity of hypertensionat the diagnosis, however the dietary components grains and pulses and dairy products showed a negative correlation, and fried foods only showed an effect on DBP.

Improvement of desirable dietary pattern (Ddp) to support food security in Banggai Laut Regency

One of the ways to determine food independence is through the quality of the diversity of food consumption as measured by the Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) score. DDP can be used as a measure of nutritional balance and food diversity consumed by residents in an area. The desirable dietary pattern score is one of the indicators to measure the quality of regional food consumption. The maximum DDP score, which is 100, indicates a situation of diverse food consumption and good composition and nutritional quality. In fact, the DDP in Banggai Laut Regency has not been achieved. The basic method of this research is the method of share of food expenditure, consumption calculation, and share calculations. The location is determined by purposive sampling, while the sample using the census method by taking the entire population in Bangkurung and Banggai Tengah which are 88 respondents. The results showed that the Energy Sufficiency Analysis showed that respondents in Banggai Laut Regency were classified as food insecure in terms of energy adequacy absorption. Therefore, Food Expenditure Share Analysis showed that respondents were categorized as food insecure and the level of energy availability is equal to 2,189.23 kcal/cap/day, the level of protein availability is 58,696 gr/cap/day, and DDP consumption in is 78,59407.

Food consumption patterns and child stunting in the lowland region

Stunting in children under five is a public health problem in Indonesia, especially in lowland areas related to food consumption patterns. This study aims to determine the relationship between food consumption patterns and the incidence of toddler stunting in lowland areas in the Province of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative descriptive, and the sample study amounted to 166 toddlers 12-59 months. The instrument used was a threaded form of the expected food pattern score (DDP) and a 24-hour food recall to determine the diversity of food consumption for toddlers. To determine the relationship between food consumption patterns and stunting, Chi-Square analysis (α = 0.05) was used. The results showed that the average actual energy of under five was quite diverse, with a DDP score of 76.4. The average energy consumed by toddlers at 1296.4 kcal/cap/day. The highest food groups consumed by toddlers are grains at 740.3 kcal/cap/day, and the lowest oily seeds fruit food group at 7.8 kcal/cap/day. Based on the analysis of Chi-Square shows the results of 21.715 and p-value = 0.000 (α = 0.05), then α > p-value indicates a link between food consumption patterns in toddlers with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in lowlands.