Disturbance Items Research Articles

Energy-Management Strategy of Battery Energy Storage Systems in DC Microgrids: A Distributed Fuzzy Output Consensus Control Considering Multiple Cyber Attacks

Distributed renewable sources are one of the most promising contributors for DC microgrids to reduce carbon emission and fuel consumption. Although the battery energy storage system (BESS) is widely applied to compensate the power imbalance between distributed generators (DGs) and loads, the impacts of disturbances, DGs, constant power loads (CPLs) and cyber attacks on this system are not simultaneously considered. Based on this, a distributed fuzzy output consensus control strategy is proposed to realize accurate current sharing and operate normally in the presence of denial of service (DoS) attacks and false data injection (FDI) attacks. Firstly, the whole model of the BESS in DC microgrids embedded into disturbance items, DGs, CPLs and resistive loads, is firstly built. This model could be further transformed into standard linear heterogeneous multi-agent systems with disturbance, which lays the foundation for the following control strategy. Then the model of FDI and DoS attacks are built. Meanwhile, the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is applied to reduce the burden of communication among batteries. Based on these, a distributed output consensus fuzzy control is proposed to realize accurate current sharing among batteries. Moreover, the system under the proposed control in different cases is analyzed. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified by numerical simulation results and experiment results.

Three-Stage Sampling Algorithm for Highly Imbalanced Multi-Classification Time Series Datasets

To alleviate the data imbalance problem caused by subjective and objective factors, scholars have developed different data-preprocessing algorithms, among which undersampling algorithms are widely used because of their fast and efficient performance. However, when the number of samples of some categories in a multi-classification dataset is too small to be processed via sampling or the number of minority class samples is only one or two, the traditional undersampling algorithms will be less effective. In this study, we select nine multi-classification time series datasets with extremely few samples as research objects, fully consider the characteristics of time series data, and use a three-stage algorithm to alleviate the data imbalance problem. In stage one, random oversampling with disturbance items is used to increase the number of sample points; in stage two, on the basis of the latter operation, SMOTE (synthetic minority oversampling technique) oversampling is employed; in stage three, the dynamic time-warping distance is used to calculate the distance between sample points, identify the sample points of Tomek links at the boundary, and clean up the boundary noise. This study proposes a new sampling algorithm. In the nine multi-classification time series datasets with extremely few samples, the new sampling algorithm is compared with four classic undersampling algorithms, namely, ENN (edited nearest neighbours), NCR (neighborhood cleaning rule), OSS (one-side selection), and RENN (repeated edited nearest neighbors), based on the macro accuracy, recall rate, and F1-score evaluation indicators. The results are as follows: of the nine datasets selected, for the dataset with the most categories and the fewest minority class samples, FiftyWords, the accuracy of the new sampling algorithm was 0.7156, far beyond that of ENN, RENN, OSS, and NCR; its recall rate was also better than that of the four undersampling algorithms used for comparison, corresponding to 0.7261; and its F1-score was 200.71%, 188.74%, 155.29%, and 85.61% better than that of ENN, RENN, OSS, and NCR, respectively. For the other eight datasets, this new sampling algorithm also showed good indicator scores. The new algorithm proposed in this study can effectively alleviate the data imbalance problem of multi-classification time series datasets with many categories and few minority class samples and, at the same time, clean up the boundary noise data between classes.

Composition analysis of glass relics based on a clustering model

The analysis and identification of the chemical composition of ancient glass are of great significance for the evolution of history through time and space. The chemical content of ancient glass will change due to weathering, so a comprehensive evaluation model for the chemical content of the ancient glass is proposed in this paper. In this paper, the chi-square test is used to analyze the four classification variables, and it is found that there are significant differences between the ornamentation and colour, and the chemical composition content before weathering is predicted. Then the system clustering is used, and a subclass division model is proposed for the clustering results. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the classification results is carried out, and different degrees of disturbance items are added respectively to obtain different model accuracy rates. The results show that the sensitivity of the model is better. The results show that the model can be used to analyze the composition of ancient glass relics and achieve good results.

Improved Linear ADRC for Hybrid Energy Storage Microgrid Output-Side Converter

As an effective application form for large-scale and efficient use of distributed power, microgrid not only realizes the flexible control of distributed power but also provides reliable power supply for the load. However, the power quality on the load side will be severely deteriorated when the microgrid is disturbed. To cope with this issue, an improve linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) technique is proposed in this article. In this technology, the idea of series correction is introduced into the disturbance observation channel of linear extended state observer. This strategy can achieve more accurate tracking of disturbance items through the correction link, and handle the unknown modeling error and external disturbances of the system as an overall disturbance through a single structure. Then, according to the linear feedback law to achieve good control of the output-side converter. Moreover, the traceability, convergence, and stability of ILADRC are analyzed. More importantly, guidance on parameters configuration is given on the basis of performance analysis. Finally, the validity of the proposed improved LADRC technique is verified on a 40-kW experiment platform.

Rolling-optimized model predictive vibration controller for offshore platforms subjected to random waves and winds under uncertain sensing delay

In this paper, we investigate the vibration control problem in an offshore platform control structure. A model predictive controller is designed under internal model principle (IMP) and model predictive control (MPC) on the basis of linear quadratic optimal theory, where a rolling-optimized observer is taken to observe and estimate mixed external disturbance. Firstly, a steel jacket offshore platform is modelled as a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) vibration system subjected to varying waves and winds containing sensing delay. And the process of finding a vibration suppression controller is summarized as a global optimization problem. Secondly, an optimal quadratic regulator is proposed to attenuate the structure vibration, which naturally adopts IMP considering the varying dynamics of marine disturbance. Data-driven MPC method is then adopted to deal with leading disturbance items. Thirdly, a rolling-horizon optimal algorithm is applied to the proposed disturbance observer so that desired predictive states in deriving the optimal control law are obtained regardless of disturbance sensing delay. Lyapunov stability of the proposed control strategy is proved and comparable simulation experiments are conducted with other controllers.

Does cosmetic rhinoplasty affect sleep quality and/or contribute to the development of obstructive sleep apnea?

ABSTRACT Objective Rhinoplasty can reduce nasal airways’ resistance. This study evaluates the effects of rhinoplasty on sleep quality, daytime drowsiness, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods In this prospective cohort study, 80 rhinoplasty candidates were examined before and six months after rhinoplasty to evaluate symptom changes. STOP-BANG, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaires, and nocturnal polysomnography were used, respectively, to screen for OSA, assess sleep quality, assess daytime drowsiness, and confirm results. Results Seventeen men (21.2%) and 63 women (78.8%) were studied. PSQI results showed an increase only in post-operative sleep disturbance items (p = 0.04). STOP-BANG showed an increase in apnea (p = 0.06) and a decrease in snoring (p = 0.06), which were both insignificant. The polysomnography tests confirmed the results of the questionnaires. Conclusion Contrary to popular belief, rhinoplasty does not increase snoring, sleep disorders, or apnea.

Sleep Disturbances are a Significant Predictor of Chikungunya Arthritis Flare Severity.

Objective:The primary objective of this research was to explore the link between sleep and flare pain associated with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. The secondary objective was to investigate if cytokines and T regulatory (Treg) cells have an influence on this relationship.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed using data collected in Barranquilla, Colombia, which enrolled patients with and without chronic arthritis with a history of chikungunya infection. Flare severity was measured by a version of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials (OMERACT) flare questionnaire adapted for CHIKV arthritis, including metrics for pain, difficulty with physical activity, fatigue, stiffness and difficulty maintaining social activities due to arthritis that contribute to flare severity. In addition, four sleep disturbance items, five inflammatory cytokine levels, four anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, and six Treg levels were measured. Then, multivariable linear regression models were used to test the direct and indirect effects of flare-pain on sleep disturbance, and to determine whether this relationship was mediated by cytokines or Tregs. Finally, the SAS CALIS procedure was used to test path models showing possible causal effects with mediators and confounds.Results:The analysis showed that sleep disturbance is positively correlated with CHIKV arthritis flare pain, and that it is a significant predictor of flare severity after adjusting for demographic variables, cytokine, and T cell levels. Further, neither T cells nor cytokines mediate the pain/sleep relationship in CHIKV arthritis.Conclusion:There is a strong association between sleep disturbance and arthritis flare pain and severity; however, this relationship is not mediated by cytokines or T cells. Since this study is unable to determine causation, further research is needed to determine the mechanism underlying the relationship between sleep disturbances and CHIKV arthritis flares.

Intimate partner violence, firearms, and sleep disturbances: The influence of coercive control and partner firearm ownership

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of diverse forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) and firearms in the context of IPV in sleep disturbances. DesignA cross-sectional survey of domestic violence victims. SettingSix domestic violence shelters (both urban and rural) in the state of Texas. ParticipantsTwo hundred fifteen women recruited from domestic violence shelters. MethodsSeven items pertaining to sleep disturbances during the past 30 days were employed as dependent variables (in addition to a composite index). Measures of non-gun IPV (i.e., coercive control, physical abuse, and sexual abuse) as well as three forms of gun IPV (implicit threats, explicit threats, and gun-related abuse) were constructed. A dichotomous item assessing partner gun ownership was also employed. Ordinary least squares and Logistic regression models adjusting for covariates were estimated. ResultsIndependent of other forms of abuse, coercive control was associated with the sleep disturbances index and five of the seven individual sleep items. Ancillary analyses revealed that this association was party explained by post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology. Moreover, while gun IPV and sleep disturbances were unrelated, partner gun ownership was associated with five of the seven sleep disturbance items. ConclusionsCoercive control appears to be central to the sleep health of IPV victims, and partner gun ownership may represent an additional risk factor for sleep disturbances beyond experiences of abuse. The consequences of abuse and firearms in the context of intimate partner abuse may extend beyond physical injury to other health outcomes including sleep disturbances.

Reliability and Diagnostic Validity of a Novel Visual Disturbance Subjective Experience Scale in Chinese Patients with Schizophrenia

Objectives: Visual abnormalities are common among patients with schizophrenia and have been associated with retinal thickness impairment (RTI). A reliable tool for assessing altered visual experiences in this population is not yet available. The objective of this work was to establish a novel scale based on visual perception disturbance (VPD) items extracted from the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms (BSABS) and to examine the scale’s reliability and validity in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 100 first-diagnosed, non-medicated patients with schizophrenia (FUSCH) and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The reliability of our BSABS-based visual perception subjective experience scale (VPSES), called the BSABS-VPSES, was assessed by calculating the inter-rater correlational coefficient for five psychiatrists’ patient evaluations. The discriminative validity of the BSABS-VPSES was determined by assessing the relationship between VPD symptom scores and RTI severity as determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT) performed by two ophthalmologists. Results: The BSABS-VPSES provided reliable data (Cronbach's a = 0.90), and BSABS-VPSES scores correlated with RTI magnitude (r = 0.88, 0.84, and 0.65, for mild-, moderate-, and severe-grade RTI groups, respectively; all p < 0.05), affirming the scale’s validity. Using the BSABS-VPSES, we found that 67% of FUSCH patients had VPD symptoms, and that 52% of FUSCH patients had both VPD symptoms and an RTI. Conclusions: The BSABS-VPSES scale provides reliable and valid results in Chinese FUSCH patients. This scale can be used to assess VPD symptom severity in schizophrenics and may contribute to future personalized treatment plans.

Two Subpopulations Cuckoo Search Algorithm Based on Mean Evaluation Method for Function Optimization Problems

In order to better apply the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm in solving the problem of function extremum optimization, and further improve the phenomenon of low precision and slow convergence in the optimization process of algorithm, the two subpopulations CS algorithm based on mean value evaluation is proposed. On the one hand, the algorithm introduces dynamic inertia weight to adjust the lévy flight mechanism, thus dynamically constraining the moving step-size of each generation of population, so that the algorithm has certain self-adaptability. On the other hand, the algorithm changes the way of mutation in the preference random walk. First, the average fitness evaluation mechanism is used to divide the current population into two subpopulations: good and bad. Then, it adopts a directional mutation strategy for the better population, so that the individual can search purposefully. The worse population uses differential mutation mechanism of the disturbance items with the [Formula: see text]-distribution characteristics, and makes the individual to search in the best orientation of current, so as to enhance the local search performance and accelerate the convergence rate of the algorithm. Theoretical analysis proves the convergence and time complexity of the algorithm in this paper. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm has good applicability in solving the function optimization problem, and the optimization results and convergence speed have been significantly improved in the algorithm.

Sleep Disturbance in Adjustment Disorder and Depressive Episode.

Background: In this paper, we aimed to examine the patterns of sleep disturbance in adjustment disorder (AD) and depressive episode (DE), to examine the variables associated with sleep disturbance in AD and DE and associated impairment in functioning. Methods: This is a multi-centre case-control study of 370 patients: 185 patients with AD and 185 patients with a diagnosis of DE, recruited from the liaison psychiatry services of three Dublin hospitals. We examined the participants’ sleep pathology using the sleep disturbance items on the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry, and the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms—Clinician-rated-30. Results: Patients with a diagnosis of AD were less likely to report disturbed sleep than those with a diagnosis of DE (p = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, sleep disturbance was significantly associated with greater severity of certain depressive symptoms: decreased appetite (p < 0.001) and psychomotor agitation (p = 0.009). Decreased appetite, younger age and single marital status were significantly associated with sleep disturbance in male patients, and decreased appetite and psychomotor agitation were significantly associated with sleep disturbance in female participants. Conclusions: This is the largest study to date which has examined sleep disturbance in adjustment disorder. Disturbance of sleep is a significant symptom in AD and may represent a potential target for treatment. With further research, patterns of sleep disturbance may be useful in differentiating AD from DE.

Psychometric properties of the medical outcomes study sleep scale in Spanish postmenopausal women.

This study aimed to analyze the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS), and its ability to discriminate between poor and good sleepers among a Spanish population with vestibular disorders. In all, 121 women (50-76 years old) completed the Spanish version of the MOS-SS. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) were analyzed. Concurrent validity was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. To analyze the ability of the MOS-SS scores to discriminate between poor and good sleepers, a receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed. The Spanish version of the MOS-SS showed excellent and substantial reliability in Sleep Problems Index I (two sleep disturbance items, one somnolence item, two sleep adequacy items, and awaken short of breath or with headache) and Sleep Problems Index II (four sleep disturbance items, two somnolence items, two sleep adequacy items, and awaken short of breath or with headache), respectively, and good internal consistency with optimal Cronbach's alpha values in all domains and indexes (0.70-0.90). Factor analysis suggested a coherent four-factor structure (explained variance 70%). In concurrent validity analysis, MOS-SS indexes showed significant and strong correlation with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score, and moderate with the 36-item Short Form Health Survey component summaries. Several domains and the two indexes were significantly able to discriminate between poor and good sleepers (P < 0.05). Optimal cut-off points were above 20 for "sleep disturbance" domain, with above 22.22 and above 33.33 for Sleep Problems Index I and II. The Spanish version of the MOS-SS is a valid and reliable instrument, suitable to assess sleep quality in Spanish postmenopausal women, with satisfactory general psychometric properties. It discriminates well between good and poor sleepers.

The Effect of Gabapentin Enacarbil on Quality of Life and Mood Outcomes in a Pooled Population of Adult Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Primary Restless Legs Syndrome.

The aim was to assess gabapentin enacarbil (GEn) treatment effects on quality of life (QOL) and mood in adults with moderate-to-severe primary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Data were pooled from three placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, 12-week trials for adults receiving GEn (600mg or 1200mg) or placebo once daily. QOL was assessed with the RLS QOL questionnaire in two studies. Mood was examined with the Profile of Mood States Brief Form (POMS-B), and as an exploratory analysis with International Restless Legs Scale (IRLS) item 9 (daily affairs) and item 10 (mood disturbance) across all three studies. Mood and QOL were secondary endpoints in the individual clinical trials. No adjustments for multiplicity were applied. The QOL analysis modified intent-to-treat (MITT) population included 541 adults (placebo, n=204; GEn 600mg, n=114; GEn 1200mg, n=223). Both GEn doses significantly improved QOL versus placebo (week 12; p<0.01). The mood analysis MITT population included 671 adults (placebo, n=244; GEn 600mg, n=161; GEn 1200mg, n=266). GEn 600mg significantly improved POMS vigor-activity versus placebo (week 12; p<0.05); other POMS criteria were not significantly affected. GEn 1200mg significantly improved POMS scores for total mood disturbance, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia, vigor-activity, and confusion-bewilderment versus placebo at week 12 (p<0.05); tension-anxiety and anger-hostility were not significantly affected. Both GEn doses significantly improved IRLS item 9 and item 10 versus placebo at week 12 (p<0.05). The most frequent treatment-emergent adverse events with GEn were somnolence and dizziness. GEn (600mg and 1200mg) once daily significantly improved QOL in adults with moderate-to-severe primary RLS at all time points examined. While the only POMS item significantly improved by GEn 600mg versus placebo at week 12 was vigor-activity, GEn 1200mg significantly improved total mood disturbance and several other POMS items versus placebo at week 12. Both QOL and mood improvements were numerically greater with GEn 1200mg versus 600mg. Clinicaltrials.gov identifiers NCT00298623, NCT00365352, NCT01332305.

The Late Bronze Age hoard from Bækkedal, Denmark – new evidence for the use of two-horse teams and bridles

ABSTRACTIn late summer 2014, two metal detectorists located 40 bronze objects on a small hillock west of Gammel Skorping in Himmerland. Eastern Himmerland in particular is renowned for its many Late Bronze Age hoards and the Baekkedal hoard, as the discovery is now known, underlines this trend as it represents a multi-type hoard from Late Bronze Age period V. The hoard, which was undergoing progressive plough disturbance, contains both male and female items and, astonishingly, also several metres of well-preserved leather straps that had once formed parts of bridles and harness. Moreover, several bronze fittings, including cheek pieces and phalerae, were in situ on the leather straps, thereby enabling parts of the bridles to be reconstructed. The many bronze harness-related objects show that the hoard represents the components of bridles for a two-horse team. This article gives a preliminary presentation of the hoard, with a particular focus on the metal objects and horse harness, which are then placed in ...

A longitudinal study of motor subtypes in delirium: Relationship with other phenomenology, etiology, medication exposure and prognosis

Objective Motor subtypes have promise as a means of identifying clinically relevant delirium subgroups. Little is known about their relationship to etiologies, medication exposure, and outcomes. Methods Consecutive cases of DSM-IV delirium in palliative care patients were assessed twice-weekly throughout their delirium episodes using the Delirium Motor Subtype Scale (DMSS), Delirium Etiology Checklist (DEC) and Delirium Rating Scale Revised-98 (DRS-R98). Results 100 patients [mean age 70.2±10.5] were assessed on 303 visits [range 2–9]. Over the entire episode, mean DRS-R98 Severity scores were 16.2±5.7. The mean number of etiologies per case was 3.4±1.2. Motor subtypes were no subtype throughout (6%), hypoactive subtype throughout (28%), mixed subtype throughout (18%), hyperactive subtype throughout (10%) and variable subtype (38%). DRS-R98 Total and Severity scales differed significantly across categories (highest in mixed) but only motor, sleep–wake cycle, perceptual and language disturbance items differed. The Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) approach was used to explore the relationship between subtype profile and symptoms, medication exposure and etiology. This showed that apart from motor items, only delusions, affective lability, metabolic disturbance and CVA related to any subtype. Cross-sectional assessments indicated greater use of benzodiazepine and antipsychotics in hyperactive patients but GEE analyses did not identify major associations between motor subtype and medication exposure. Patients with sustained hypoactive subtype were significantly more likely to die within one month of study entry. Conclusions Motor profile in delirium is relatively consistent over episode course and relates more closely to delirium phenomenology than to etiology or medication exposure. Motor subtypes have comparable disturbance of key diagnostic features such as cognitive and thought process abnormalities. Although mixed subtype is the most phenomenologically intense, hypoactives have the poorest prognosis.

Relationships between behavioral disturbances and cognitive function in elderly hemodialysis patients

AbstractOBJECTIVEWe studied the relationships between behavioral disturbances, cognitive function, and patient characteristics in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis.METHODSThe study included 15 patients $65 years of age who were undergoing hemodialysis. Cognitive function was assessed using Hasegawa's Dementia Scale Revised Version (HDS‐R).The patients' nursing and dialysis records were scrutinized for 30 behavioral disturbance items and the numbers of items identified over a 6‐month period were recorded.RESULTSRelationships were detected between the levels of cognitive function and the total number of behavioral disturbances or specific behavioral disturbances. Behavioral disturbances appeared more frequently in the patients who were elderly, female, and who lived in care facilities.CONCLUSIONWe conclude that some behavioral disturbances in elderly hemodialysis patients are related to the levels of cognitive function and particular characteristics of the patients.

Sleep Problems in Primary Care: A North Carolina Family Practice Research Network (NC-FP-RN) Study

The prevalence and nature of sleep disorders in primary care has not been widely studied. As part of a survey conducted in 5 family practice offices in North Carolina, we screened adult patients for sleep syndromes and sought to ascertain which demographic status and health status were associated with these disorders. We approached 2963 consecutive adults who presented for office visits to the 5 study practices. The 4-page study questionnaire, which was available in English and Spanish, included items on insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and restless legs syndrome. Analyses evaluated the relationship between sleep syndromes and demographic factors, health status, and disability. We enrolled 1935 patients (65.3% response rate). More than half reported excessive daytime sleepiness, one third had insomnia, more than 25% had symptoms of restless legs syndrome, and 13% to 33% reported obstructive sleep apnea syndrome symptoms. Participants who rated their health as poor reported significantly higher rates of all sleep disturbance items. Patients with hypertension, pain syndromes, and depression had a significantly increased risk for all sleep complaints. Patients who reported limited activity had a significant risk of restless legs syndrome. Sleep complaints are highly prevalent in primary care populations. Patients with the highest risk for sleep disturbance are those with pain, mental illness, limited activity, and overall "poor physical and mental health." Because sleep disorders are associated with a significant health impact, positive responses to questions regarding sleep symptoms should prompt further diagnostic inquiry.

Convergence of Clinical Staff Ratings and Research Ratings to Assess Patients With Schizophrenia in Nursing Homes

Convergence of Clinical Staff Ratings and Research Ratings to Assess Patients With Schizophrenia in Nursing Homes

Using the Minimum Data Set 2.0 Mood Disturbance Items as a Self-Report Screening Instrument for Depression in Nursing Home Residents

Objective Seeking to enhance nursing home residents' involvement in their care, the authors examined whether the Minimum Data Set, Version 2.0 (MDS) Mood Disturbance items could be administered by self-report. They compared the MDS to the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in terms of its association with depression diagnosis. Methods Subjects (N=204) were nursing home residents who were interviewed with a psychiatric diagnostic instrument, the GDS, and a self-report version of the MDS mood disturbance items. Results Analyses of variance and receiver operating characteristics analyses demonstrated that MDS items distinguished subjects with any versus no depression about as well as did the GDS. This pattern held within cognitive, gender, and ethnicity subgroups. Conclusion The MDS Mood Disturbance items can be reliably and validly administered via self-report to persons scoring at least 12 on the Mini-Mental State Exam. Seeking to enhance nursing home residents' involvement in their care, the authors examined whether the Minimum Data Set, Version 2.0 (MDS) Mood Disturbance items could be administered by self-report. They compared the MDS to the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in terms of its association with depression diagnosis. Subjects (N=204) were nursing home residents who were interviewed with a psychiatric diagnostic instrument, the GDS, and a self-report version of the MDS mood disturbance items. Analyses of variance and receiver operating characteristics analyses demonstrated that MDS items distinguished subjects with any versus no depression about as well as did the GDS. This pattern held within cognitive, gender, and ethnicity subgroups. The MDS Mood Disturbance items can be reliably and validly administered via self-report to persons scoring at least 12 on the Mini-Mental State Exam.

Using the Minimum Data Set 2.0 Mood Disturbance Items as a Self-Report Screening Instrument for Depression in Nursing Home Residents

Seeking to enhance nursing home residents' involvement in their care, the authors examined whether the Minimum Data Set, Version 2.0 (MDS) Mood Disturbance items could be administered by self-report. They compared the MDS to the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in terms of its association with depression diagnosis. Subjects (N=204) were nursing home residents who were interviewed with a psychiatric diagnostic instrument, the GDS, and a self-report version of the MDS mood disturbance items. Analyses of variance and receiver operating characteristics analyses demonstrated that MDS items distinguished subjects with any versus no depression about as well as did the GDS. This pattern held within cognitive, gender, and ethnicity subgroups. The MDS Mood Disturbance items can be reliably and validly administered via self-report to persons scoring at least 12 on the Mini-Mental State Exam.