Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator Research Articles

Integration of Photovoltaic and DSTATCOM In the Distribution Network Using Rat Swarm Optimization Technique

Power loss minimization and improved voltage profile have been major challenges faced by the electrical distribution network (DN) mainly because of the long length of the feeders and the high resistance to reactance (R/X) ratio of the DN. A lot of techniques have been investigated to solve these problems. One of the most prominent is the optimal integration of distributed generation (DG) such as photovoltaic (PV) as well as the integration of Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) into the network. The main challenge with this solution has been the determination of the optimal sizes and sites of the DG and/or DSTATCOM. This paper seeks to optimize the simultaneous allocation of multiple DSTATCOMs and PVs in the DN for power loss reduction and voltage profile improvement using the rat swarm optimization (RSO) technique, which is a simple, yet robust optimization technique. The optimization problem is formulated to minimize power loss, voltage deviation index, and maximize the voltage stability index. The IEEE 33 node DN is used as a test network and the simulation results show the effectiveness of the RSO technique in finding the best sizes and locations of the PVs and the DSTATCOMs. The power losses of the network are reduced from 210.996 kW, and 143.129 kVAr when there is no DSTATCOM nor PVs in the network to 26.155 kW, and 19.128 kVAr when DSTATCOM and PVs are simultaneously allocated into the network. A remarkable improvement in the voltage profile of the network is also observed with the minimum node voltage being 0.98 p.u. compared to 0.9038 p.u. when there are no DSTATCOMs or PVs. The RSO results were compared with other techniques from the literature, and it proved its superiority.

A hybrid optimization for distributed generation and D-STATCOM placement in radial distribution network: a multi-faceted evaluation

The deregulation of the power system, upward growth in electrical energy demand and network expansion have resulted in an increasing integration of distributed generation (DG) and distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) into radial distribution systems (RDS). Nonetheless, the optimal allocation of these devices is highly important to derive immense benefits. This investigation narrows down on optimizing DG and D-STATCOM placement in IEEE 33-bus RDS with a view to increase bus voltages, decrease power losses as well as maximize economic gains. The study undertakes a comprehensive analysis comparing the technical, economic and environmental performance of DG and D-STATCOM; thereby enabling power engineers to make informed choices concerning which device will be most advantageous when it comes to delivering power in RDS. A fuzzy enhanced firefly optimization (FEFO) approach is proposed for the optimization and a multifaceted evaluation in terms of technical, financial and environmental is presented for effective decision-making on distributed energy resource deployment. D-STATCOM and wind DG integrations led to notable reductions in power loss and pollutant emissions, highlighting their effectiveness in improving power quality and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. While wind DG incurred a higher installation cost ($3,100,749.2) compared to D-STATCOM ($90,566.6), it achieved greater yearly power loss cost savings ($69,198 versus $47,619). FEFO’s efficiency in optimization stands out, aiding engineers in making informed decisions for optimizing D-STATCOM and wind-DG integration in the IEEE-33 RDS, ultimately enhancing system performance and cost-effectiveness through proactive planning. The integration of D-STATCOM and wind DG led to a significant improvement in distribution system efficiency, with D-STATCOM reducing real power loss by 28.7% and reactive power loss by 27.8%, while wind DG achieved greater reductions of 41.8% in real power loss and 37.5% in reactive power loss, alongside reductions in pollutant emissions of 1.5% and 2.2%, respectively.

Fuzzy Based Quick Acting DC Link Voltage Controller for Three Phases of D-Statcom Connected to the Microgrid

The microgrid systems are the combinations of solar photovoltaic, wind energy, fuel cell and battery systems, as well as conventional generators for backup. The micro grid system barriers that are encountered for their integration to the network. In power systems, voltage stability and power quality are major problems. Due to fluctuations in dc link voltage, changes in load may have an effect on the compensation. This work offers a fuzzy logic-based supervisory approach to enhance the performance of the dc link transient. The controllers employ proportional and integral gain changes with fuzzy logic PI controllers integrated with distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM). These changes occur in the transient response phase right after a load fluctuation. In order to verify the suggested controller, mathematical equations are given to compute the gains of the traditional controller using fuzzy-logic PI fast-acting dc-link voltage controllers for obtaining similar quick transient reaction. Fuzzy logic PI controller enhancements that employ greater sampling during the transient period and expert knowledge of system behavior enhance the controller's performance. Compared to a standard PI controller, a dc link error reduces the capacitor voltage during a load shift. Utilizing the suggested method and the outcomes of MATLAB simulations, it will be demonstrated that efficiency and the voltage's quick settling time.

CHBMLI based DSTATCOM for power quality improvemt in a three-phase three-wire distribution system with PI controller

This paper presents a cascaded h-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter (MLI) based MLI based distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM). The main objective of this paper is to reduce source current harmonics in the distribution system by using a cascade H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) as DSTATCOM with a proportional-integral (PI) controller. The PI controller compensates reactive power, reduces source current harmonics, and maintains the unity power factor in the distribution system. The conventional two-level inverter-based DSTATCOM has many disadvantages such as high total harmonic distortion (THD), and high switching stress power semi-conductor devices, suitable for only low-power applications. This paper to overcome these drawbacks by using MLI-based DSTATCOM. The proposed system simulations are verified in MATLAB/Simulink software. The verified results are source current, load current, and compensating current.

Fault detection through discrete wavelet transforms and radial basis function neural network in shunt compensated distribution systems

This paper discusses a critical study of fault detection, classification, and identification in distribution systems compensated through a distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) using discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) and a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). The efficacy of the proportional integral (PI) controller is discussed in the simulation during normal, voltage sag, and swell conditions. Then, the Daubechies mother wavelet (db4) is used here to extract and decompose the fault current signals because of its high accuracy of detection with less processing time. The models are subjected to different conditions of faults, such as line to ground (LG), line to line (LL), double line to ground (LLG), and three phases (LLL and LLLG) with different fault resistance. The novelty of the scheme is that DWT and RBFNN techniques were compared and proven effective in demonstrating the faulty conditions. To validate the proposed approach, a simulation study is carried out in MATLAB with various operating conditions, and it is shown that the proposed method can depend on abundantly protecting the distribution grid from faulty conditions.

Minimizing the impact of electric vehicle charging station with distributed generation and distribution static synchronous compensator using PSR index and spotted hyena optimizer algorithm on the radial distribution system

This research investigates the impact of electric vehicle charging station on power loss, voltage stability, and reliability within radial distribution systems. With the escalating use of electric vehicles, understanding these effects is crucial for ensuring the stability and efficiency of radial distribution systems infrastructure. The study formulates the electric vehicle charging station allocation problem as a multi-objective function, integrating power loss, voltage stability, and reliability metrics expressed as the PSR index. Using the IEEE 69-bus system as a test system, the research explores the ramifications of electric vehicle charging station integration and proposes strategies to mitigate their effects. An innovative combination of distributed generation and distribution static compensator are employed to alleviate the impact of electric vehicle charging station on radial distribution systems. A recent optimization methodology called spotted hyena optimizer algorithm is introduced to determine optimal electric vehicle charging station locations, with results compared to other existing algorithms. The study assesses potential power losses induced by additional electric vehicle loads, explores strategies to optimize charging rates for minimizing resistive losses, and evaluates voltage stability and reliability implications. The important results include objective function values obtained using various algorithms: Spotted hyena optimizer algorithm (0.7683), cuckoo search algorithm (0.7709), bat algorithm (0.8035), and African vultures optimization algorithm (0.7856). The findings demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other algorithms in minimizing the objective function value, indicating its efficacy in optimizing electric vehicle charging station placement within radial distribution systems. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into the challenges associated with integrating electric vehicle charging station into radial distribution systems and provides innovative solutions for optimizing electric vehicle charging station placement, thereby advancing the understanding and management of distribution systems in the context of electric vehicle adoption.

Meta Heuristic Algorithm Based Novel Dstatcom Architecture for Power Quality Improvement

Electric utility systems are increasingly favoured as local energy systems due to their ability to integrate renewable energy, improve energy efficiency, and enhance the resilience of the power grid. However, while these benefits are significant, they also present certain complexities related to control and power quality (PQ). PQ is crucial within utility systems to ensure the proper functioning of connected devices and the overall health of the system. Therefore, both voltage quality and current quality are of utmost importance. Control strategies combined with advanced power electronics devices (PED) provide a robust framework to address PQ challenges. This paper introduces a novel approach for constructing a distributed Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) utilizing innovative 125-level asymmetric multilevel DC link inverters to enable multilevel operation. A modified 125-level multilevel inverter aimed at enhancing power quality is proposed herein. By employing a minimal number of components, this inverter can generate 125-level voltages per phase, serving as a DSTATCOM to address power quality issues such as sag, swell, and harmonics. Bidirectional DC-DC converters are employed for purposes other than just providing power to the inverter's DC connections replacing DC sources. Additionally, the Coati Optimization Algorithm (COA), a newly introduced metaheuristic approach inspired by observed behavioural patterns in coatis in their natural habitat, is presented. COA is designed to emulate two primary behaviours of coatis: (i) their hunting strategy when pursuing iguanas and (ii) their evasion tactics when confronted by predators. To validate the effectiveness of the Coati Optimization algorithm, simulation is carried out with Matlab Simulink, and the outcomes of the simulation for the proposed scheme are provided in this paper. The efficacy of Solar-PV integrated 125-level asymmetric multilevel DC link inverter in enhancing power quality by adhering to the IEEE-519 Standards is demonstrated.

Study on Reactive Power Optimization Including DSSC for New Energy Access to the Power Grid

The vigorous development of new energy has effectively reduced carbon emissions, but it has also brought fluctuating impacts on the carrying capacity of the power grid. In order to improve the voltage stability after integrating new energy sources and promote the scientific consumption of more new energy, this paper proposes the use of Distributed Static Synchronous Compensator (DSSC) devices for flexible and controllable voltage regulation in new energy integration. An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is then developed to optimize the reactive power considering the regulation of DSSC. The paper conducts power flow calculations based on the DSSC power injection model and establishes a reactive power optimization mathematical model with objectives of minimizing active power loss, minimizing node voltage deviation, and maximizing voltage stability margin in the grid with new energy integration. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to achieve the reactive power optimization. Experimental simulations are conducted using the IEEE 33-node system to analyze the voltage improvement before and after adopting the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm considering the DSSC device in the grid with new energy integration. It is found that the proposed method effectively reduces active power loss and stabilizes voltage fluctuations, demonstrating its practical value.

HRES Integrated DSTATCOM Using High Gain Sepic-Zeta Based WOA Optimized ANFIS-MPPT Controller for PQ Issues

The power generated by renewable energy sources (RES), including photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems, are a great deal dependent on climate situations that result in Power Quality (PQ) issues, which require rapid adjustment of energy transmission and distribution systems. As a solution, (Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator) DSTATCOM is implemented for reactive power compensation, reducing voltage sag, swell, and THD. A novel High-gain SEPIC-ZETA converter is designed in this study to enhance the voltage obtained from the PV system with high efficiency. On the other hand, the proposed work aims to improve PQ issues using DSTATCOM with PV-Wind and battery systems. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based Maximum Power Point (MPPT) controller is adopted for tracking optimal power from the PV and to tune the parameters of this controller adopting Whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Moreover, the PWM rectifier is employed to convert the AC supply from the wind energy system to DC and it is controlled by the Proportional Integral (PI) controller. Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) is incorporated to generate reference current based on Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory, which is required for the reduction of harmonics. Three phase voltage source inverter is integrated to convert DC-AC supply for distributing the energy supply to load application. Finally, the anticipated work is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and the comparative analysis is made towards the conventional topologies to authenticate the proficiency of the developed work. As a consequence, the outcomes demonstrate the improved PQ with a lower THD value of 0.72% with high tracking efficiency is accomplished by the proposed technique.

The Implementation of Space Vector PWM in 36-Pulse D-STATCOM for Power Quality Improvement

Introduction: This paper addresses the ongoing challenge of harmonics reduction in power systems, particularly focusing on Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. Instead of employing a conventional multilevel converter, an alternative configuration is proposed: a 36-pulse gate turn-off thyristor-based converter (GTO-VSC). This converter comprises three 12-pulse Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) as fundamental units, operating collectively on the frequency mode of GTO switching control within a Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM). The D-STATCOM dynamically compensates reactive power in the system. The 36-pulse configuration results in AC output voltage waveforms containing harmonics such as the 35th, 37th, 71st, 73rd, etc., leading to higher total harmonic distortion (THD) levels. background: Reduced number of switches in flexible AC transmission. Method: In response, the paper presents a new model featuring a 3-level, 36-pulse, 25kV, ±3MVAr STATCOM configured with 12-pulse GTO-VSCs. This model incorporates PWM gate switching and employs a PI-control methodology to optimize harmonics in simulation, specifically targeting harmonics at the 35th, 37th, 71st, 73rd, etc., orders using Sim Power Systems toolbox in Math Works software. Result: The compensator's operational performance is controlled through switching angle optimization, which minimizes harmonics, regulates voltage, and manages reactive power in the electrical transmission system. Conclusion: The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model is acceptable for enhancing the flexibility and performance of the FACTS device in mitigating harmonics in power systems.

Hres Integrated Dstatcom Using High Gain Sepic-Zeta Based Woa Optimized Anfis-Mppt Controller for Pq Issues

The power generated by renewable energy sources (RES), including photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems, are a great deal dependent on climate situations that result in Power Quality (PQ) issues, which require rapid adjustment of energy transmission and distribution systems. As a solution, (Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator) DSTATCOM is implemented for reactive power compensation, reducing voltage sag, swell, and THD. A novel High-gain SEPIC-ZETA converter is designed in this study to enhance the voltage obtained from the PV system with high efficiency. On the other hand, the proposed work aims to improve PQ issues using DSTATCOM with PV-Wind and battery systems. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based Maximum Power Point (MPPT) controller is adopted for tracking optimal power from the PV and to tune the parameters of this controller adopting Whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Moreover, the PWM rectifier is employed to convert the AC supply from the wind energy system to DC and it is controlled by the Proportional Integral (PI) controller. Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) is incorporated to generate reference current based on Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory, which is required for the reduction of harmonics. Three phase voltage source inverter is integrated to convert DC-AC supply for distributing the energy supply to load application. Finally, the anticipated work is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and the comparative analysis is made towards the conventional topologies to authenticate the proficiency of the developed work. As a consequence, the outcomes demonstrate the improved PQ with a lower THD value of 0.72% with high tracking efficiency is accomplished by the proposed technique.

Simulations of a possible configuration of Premium Power Park

The voltage dip and the sudden electrical energy interruption are, probably, the most important disturbances of the power quality in the electrical system. Several technical solutions exist to mitigate voltage dips, respectively at plant or system level as for example: • the installation of Custom Power (CUSPO) for a single customer; • the Premium Power Park (PPP) for a group of customers. According to the PPP concept, the tenants of an industrial or commercial office park would be provided with a guaranteed level of electrical service quality made possible by Custom Power devices, such as the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), the Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM – Distribution STATCOM), the medium voltage Static Transfer Switch (STS). The paper summarizes the Premium Power Park idea and a possible configuration of it, studied by ERSE, including the system aspects and the analysis of the combined operation or interaction of the Custom Power.

Power quality investigation of a grid tied hybrid energy system using a D-STATCOM control and grasshopper optimization technique

This research delves into the control strategy and modeling of a utility-grid tied hybrid system that conjoins a Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) and wind energy system. To maximize real power output under varying environmental conditions, both SPV-wind energy systems are controlled by Perturb & Observe (P&O) type Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. A sine varying modulating signal is generated through Proportional Integral (PI) based voltage and current controllers. Additionally, the target of reactive power compensation is achieved by connecting Distributed Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM) at coupling point. Its application helps in maintaining a stable utility-grid connection, and efficient power distribution. Simulation studies reveal that harmonics are reduced at various coupling points and are less than 5 %, as per IEEE-519 standard. It ensures that the proposed system operates at its peak efficiency, taking into account fluctuations in SPV radiations and wind speed. In addition, the steady-state response of the developed system is obtained with PI controller and analyzed. Results obtained are compared by implementing Grasshopper Optimization (GO) technique for validation and accuracy. It is found that rise time, settling time and maximum overshoot are 0.246 s, 0.38 s and 6 %, respectively with GO technique. Therefore, it is envisaged that the operation of D-STATCOM with GO technique is successfully integrated and is capable to address the key PQ issues, like voltage and current profile amongst others. Overall, the results demonstrate that the proposed system is highly efficient, making it an ideal choice for rural communities seeking to adopt renewable energy solutions.

Optimal integrating inverter-based PVs with inherent DSTATCOM functionality for reliability and security improvement at seasonal uncertainty

Photovoltaic (PV) generation systems have become popular renewable energy alternatives for facing climate changes and for promoting energy transition. During the low/absence of PV output power, the addition of distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) functionality to PV inverters represents an important target for maximizing the benefits from inverter capacity. The novelty of this present work is improving the reliability and security indices of the distribution network using an optimal integration of inverter-based PVs without and with their inherent DSTATCOM functionality under uncertain load demand and PV output power. A wide evaluation of reliability performance indices including the load-oriented and customer-oriented reliability indices in addition to the network security-index (NSI) is investigated. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and the scenario-based reduction (SBR) methods are implemented for predicting the stochastic behavior of different uncertainty sources. The IEEE 33-bus test network is used for verifying the superiority of the proposed method by considering various seasonal loading. In addition, the impacts of protective devices installation as well as the linear failure rate of feeders on the reliability indices are addressed. The results and comparisons show superior enhancement of reliability and security indices of distribution test network using inverter-based PVs with their enabled DSTATCOM functionality.

Optimal Location and Sizing of a D-STATCOM in Electrical Distribution Systems to Improve the Voltage Profile Considering the Restriction of Harmonic Injection through the JAYA Algorithm

This study focuses on the application of the JAYA algorithm to optimize the implementation and sizing of a distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) in distribution systems to reduce power losses and enhance voltage profiles, ensuring a total harmonic distortion of voltage (THDv) below 3% at all system nodes. The algorithm, developed and modelled in MATLAB, addresses power flow solutions and analyzes harmonic influence from implementing a DSTATCOM as reactive compensation via a non-iterative harmonic penetration analysis. Successful algorithm implementation results in a significant reduction in both active and reactive power losses in 33- and 34-node systems while maintaining a THDv below 3% at all nodes. Although imposing the THDv limit constraint reduces power loss, this compensation ensures low THDv levels in the voltage. In contrast to existing literature that focuses on power loss reduction via reactive compensation, this work addresses and controls the inclusion of harmonics in the electrical network as a consequence of such reactive compensation, marking a novel contribution to the field.

Optimal Allocation of Distribution Static Synchronous Compensators in Distribution Networks Considering Various Load Models Using the Black Widow Optimization Algorithm

Incorporating Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) units into the radial distribution network (RDN) represents a practical approach to providing reactive compensation, minimizing power loss, and enhancing voltage profile and stability. This research introduces a unique optimization technique called the Black Widow Optimization (BWO) algorithm for strategically placing DSTATCOM units within the RDN. The primary objective is to minimize power loss while simultaneously evaluating various techno-economic parameters such as the voltage profile index (VPI), voltage stability index (VSI), and annual cost savings. The analysis of optimal DSTATCOM allocation, employing the proposed BWO algorithm, encompasses different load models, including constant impedance (CZ), constant current (CI), constant power (CP), and composite (ZIP) models. These analyses consider three distinct scenarios: single and multiple DSTATCOM integration. To gauge the effectiveness of the proposed BWO technique, it is applied to the IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus RDNs as test cases. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach across all four load models. Notably, in the case of the constant power model, the percentage reduction in power loss is substantial, with a reduction of 34.79% for the IEEE 33-bus RDN and 36.09% for the IEEE 69-bus RDN compared to their respective base cases.

Transformation of Type I Fuzzy Logic into Interval Type II Fuzzy Logic-based Unit Voltage Template with Controlled Load

The interval type II fuzzy logic controller (IT2FL) is a recent artificial intelligent technology which is applied in many aspects of electrical power engineering and controlling strategies these days. The improving of Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) control algorithms is still ongoing, because the control strategy of DSTATCOM device is considered as a decisive factor which affects the performance of DSTATCOM device in enhancing the quality of power in the distribution grids. The improving process focuses in two main aspects the DC capacitor voltage response to the control system and the mitigation of the harmonics which are produced by the controlled and uncontrolled rectified loads. In this paper, the interval type II fuzzy logic controller (IT2FL) based the Unit Voltage Template strategy (UVT) is examined by the MATLAB program with two different ranges of input signals, and compared with the type I Fuzzy logic controller (T1FL). The IT2FL based UVT shows promising results in improving the deformed shape of source current waves in comparison with the other controllers.

Optimal hybrid photovoltaic distributed generation and distribution static synchronous compensators planning to minimize active power losses using adaptive acceleration coefficients particle swarm optimization algorithms

The paper aims to identify the optimum size and location of photovoltaic distributed generation systems and distribution static synchronous compensators (DSTATCOMs) systems to minimize active power losses in the distribution network and enhance the voltage profile. The methodology employed in this article begins by thoroughly discussing various acceleration algorithms used in Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and their variations with each iteration. Subsequently, a range of PSO algorithms, each incorporating different variations of acceleration coefficients was verified to solve the problem of active power losses and voltage improvement. Simulation results attained on Standard IEEE-33 bus radial distribution network prove the efficiency of acceleration coefficients of PSO; it was evaluated and compared with other methods in the literature for improving the voltage profile and reducing active power. Originality. Consists in determining the most effective method among the various acceleration coefficients of PSO in terms of minimizing active power losses and enhancing the voltage profile, within the power system. Furthermore, demonstrates the superiority of the selected method over others for achieving significant improvements in power system efficiency. Practical value of this study lies on its ability to provide practical solutions for the optimal placement and sizing of distributed generation and DSTATCOMs. The proposed optimization method offers tangible benefits for power system operation and control. These findings have practical implications for power system planners, operators, and policymakers, enabling them to make informed decisions on the effective integration of distributed generation and DSTATCOM technologies.

Power quality improvement in distributed generation system using intelligent control methods

Hybrid <span>electric power generation and its integration with the grid to supply consumer demand is main focus of this paper. The use of nonlinear load and advanced power electronic equipment-based devices at the consumer end introduces power quality issues in the power system network in terms of voltage and current. This paper explains the design of a control algorithm for a unified power quality conditioner used for mitigating both voltage and current-based power quality issues. The dynamic voltage restorer of unified power quality controller (UPQC) is designed with a unit vector control algorithm and the distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) is designed with fuzzy logic and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system based instantaneous reactive power theory control algorithm. The simulation model built using the MATLAB platform includes a three-phase voltage source along with hybrid electric power generation connected to linear and non-linear loads operating under different conditions. The result is analyzed in terms of voltage and current total harmonic distortion compared with IEEE 512 power quality standards and power factor improvement. The paper shows the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS)-based control algorithm gives better results in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) compared to the fuzzy-based control algorithm. The power factor is improved using ANFIS-based controller proving the efficiency of the controller</span>.

Optimizing the hybrid PVDG and DSTATCOM integration in electrical distribution systems based on a modified homonuclear molecules optimization algorithm

AbstractThe increasing use of non‐linear loads in electrical distribution systems (EDS) led to a greater need for reactive power compensation, losses minimization, improved voltage and stability. This paper proposes the optimal integration of hybrid photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG) and distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) into IEEE 33 and 69‐bus EDS. A modified version of homonuclear molecules optimization (mHMO) is developed to determine the optimal allocation of the devices, while minimizing a multi‐objective function (MOF) based on total active power losses (TAPL), total voltage deviation (TVD), and investment cost of integrated devices (ICPVDG and ICDSTATCOM). The primary objective of the mHMO is to enhance the equilibrium between exploration and exploitation in the original HMO by implementing a fresh exploration stage. The effectiveness of mHMO was assessed using CEC17 benchmark functions. The findings demonstrate that mHMO achieved excellent results, including high‐quality solution and a favourable convergence rate. Additionally, results demonstrate that mHMO outperforms its basic version in reducing TAPL by 94.27% and 97.87% for the two EDS, while improving voltage profiles and reducing the cost of integrated devices. This study shows the potential of hybrid PVDG‐DSTATCOM in improving the performance of EDS and highlights the effectiveness of mHMO in optimizing their integration.