Distributed Service Providers Research Articles

Fuzzy Based Optimal QoS Constraint Services Composition in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

In recent years, computational capability of mobile devices such as Laptops, mobile phones, PDAs, etc., are greatly improved. Implementation of SOA ("Service Oriented Architectures") in mobile ad hoc networks increases the flexibility of using mobile devices. On composing different available services to satisfy end user requirement is a critical challenge in MANETs ("Mobile Ad Hoc Network") due to dynamic topology, Resource heterogeneity, Band width constraint and highly distributed service providers. Existing composition services approaches are not suitable for MANETs due to lack of constraints consideration while choosing services. In this paper, we proposed Fuzzy based optimal QoS constrained Service Composition in MANETs. We consider Energy constraint, hop count, Response time & service throughput as QoS Constraints composing optimal services. We proposed fuzzy logic based system to provide rating to the services for optimal selection of services. We also considered that each node can provide one or more services. The service composition failure rate will be reduced by selecting optimal services in available services. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed method outperformed than the traditional AODV in terms of average packet delay, energy constraint, throughput and turnaround time.

블록체인 기술을 활용한 저작권계약 관리 방안에 관한 연구 : 음악저작권 중심으로 블록체인 기반 저작권 계약

In this study, the word "the era of the fourth industrial revolution such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain" is emerging as a hot topic. The world is changing its content service platform throughout the industry due to the emergence of smart devices, the development of new devices, and the rapid development of major technologies following changes in the digital environment amid rapid paradigm change. As large companies such as Disney, led by Netflix in the U.S., entered the platform business, the future era eventually became an era where only companies that own both content and platform survive. Given that Netflix"s 2020 sales have achieved 415.5 billion won due to restrictions on people"s activities in the fendemic situation caused by COVID-19, it can be seen that the expansion of content consumption through the platform is rapidly expanding. Distribution of digital content takes place through contracts between copyright holders, performers, agencies, distributors, and services. Users of music are purchasing music using the services of distribution service providers, and the distribution of music revenue generated is distributed to agencies such as copyright holders, performers, and record producers through music distributors and copyright trust organizations. However, as problems such as copyright contracts and omission and delay of settlement of copyright fees arise in the process of digital music distribution contracts, the blockchain-based digital music distribution contract system is suggested as an alternative.

Planning of High-Power Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles: A Review

Electrification of mobility is paving the way in decreasing emissions from the transport sector; nevertheless, to achieve a more sustainable and inclusive transport system, effective and long-term planning of electric vehicles charging infrastructure will be crucial. Developing an infrastructure that supports the substitution of the internal combustion engine and societal needs is no easy feat; different modes of transport and networks require specific analyses to match the requirements of the users and the capabilities of the power grid. In order to outline best practices and guidelines for a cost-effective and holistic charging infrastructure planning process, the authors have evaluated all the aspects and factors along the charging infrastructure planning cycle, analysing different methodological approaches from scientific literature over the last few years. The review starts with target identification (including transport networks, modes of transport, charging technologies implemented, and candidate sites), second, the data acquisition process (detailing data types sources and data processing), and finally, modelling, allocation, and sizing methodologies. The investigation results in a decision support tool to plan high-power charging infrastructure for electric vehicles, taking into account the interests of all the stakeholders involved in the infrastructure investment and the mobility value chain (distributed system operators, final users, and service providers).

Dependency of domestic food sectors on imported inputs with Finland as a case study

The objective of this study is to examine the import dependency of domestic food and service sectors in Finland and produce indicators for measuring the import content of these sectors together with the import dependency of the inputs supplied into these sectors. Input–output analysis is utilised to provide the necessary information on the interdependencies and linkages between different industries for both goods and services in the Finnish economy. Primary agriculture, food processing, distribution and food service providers in Finland are heavily dependent on imported fossil fuels concerning energy and chemical inputs, including high reliance on imported supplementary protein feed for livestock production. However, most of the inputs supplied to the Finnish food and service sectors are domestic because only 20% of the total output is dependent on imported goods, services, and capital goods. The rate of self-sufficiency in food supply is high in Finland, but international trade is essential to provide the necessary energy and chemical inputs needed for food production along with livestock’s supplementary protein feed. Replacing fossil energy with sustainable renewable energy will reduce the dependence on Russia for energy supply and promoting human consumption of plant-based foods will reduce the demand for livestock feed.

Decentralized Production-Distribution Planning in a Supply Chain: Computer Experiments

Abstract It has been realized long back by the supply chain managers that the channel partners like suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers can benefit by sharing information about their domain with other channel partners. The supply chain costs such as production costs, distribution costs can be reduced by sharing the information and the service can be improved by quickly responding to the changes in demand. But a practical difficulty is that the channel partners do not like to share complete information about their domain with others. Because, they feel that by doing so, they will lose grip on their domain, and also feel that the shared information could reach their rivals. In this paper, the authors propose a production distribution planning model for a supply chain with partial information sharing. This type of supply chains are found where the third party logistics (3PL) are involved. In 3PL, the transportation facilities (vehicles) are owned by private parties (i.e. they are not owned by plant owners) in this type of distribution, the plant managers and distribution service providers share partial information. They will not share information about their capacities and costs, but share information such as the desired production quantity by the distributors and possible production quantity by the plant managers. Under such situations, the model proposed in this paper is appropriate.. The authors tested the model for problems generated with uniform random numbers between minimum and maximum values for the costs and capacities. The results indicate that the proposed model can be applied to real life problems where third party logistics are involved.

A Stochastic Game Approach for PEV Charging Station Operation in Smart Grid

In the future, smart grid charging stations will be critical infrastructures for plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) to replenish their batteries in a convenient way. Due to the ever-increasing penetration rate of PEVs, how to efficiently manage the loads of PEV charging stations to ensure system efficiency and reliability is a major challenge faced by the distribution service providers (DSPs) in the smart grid. This challenge is further complicated by the highly dynamic PEV mobility, which results in random PEV arrivals, departures, and charging demands. In order to address this challenge, a stochastic game approach is proposed in this paper to characterize the interactions among DSP, charging stations, and PEV owners, where the randomness in charging decision making processes of PEV owners is modeled by a Markov decision process. Based on the Nash equilibrium solution of the stochastic game, a real time pricing scheme is proposed for the DSP to minimize power distribution losses while ensuring system reliability. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated via extensive simulations based on the IEEE 123 bus test feeder with real vehicle mobility data from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey and the 2010 National Travel Survey.

Differentiated service policy in smart warehouse automation

Smart warehouse automation has emerged as an effective, competitive solution for suppliers and distributors. With the increasing demand for physical storage and distribution services, suppliers and service providers are challenged to respond not only effectively, but with minimal latency. Differentiated service levels for different classes of customer orders have not yet, however, been developed for physical storage and retrieval. In this paper, in the context of smart warehouse automation services, a novel policy, called Differentiated Probabilistic Queuing (DPQ) is developed for servicing customers’ orders by Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV). Applying the DPQ policy, the average overall latency of each customer order, the mean overall processing time of this customer’s orders in the smart warehouse automation system, is characterised under Poisson customer order arrival patterns. The weighted average latency of all customer orders is optimised over the choice of (1) storage assignment and (2) DPQ policy. Due to the existence of two types of variables, Alternating Minimisation method is applied to solve this joint optimisation problem. Compared with a combination of the classical turn-over rate storage assignment method and FCFS policy, the new approach yields 19.64% lower (better) objective function value with statistical significance. Numerical analysis results also indicate, as expected, that when the smart warehouse system resources become more limited, and the price difference among different classes of customer orders increases, the improvement becomes even more significant.

A comparison of ant colony optimization and genetic algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem

Every company in today’s world faces the constant challenge of cost reduction. For distribution and transport service providers, cost cutting appears to be the main operational goal. The successful companies seek to develop a optimal routes for their fleets to minimize the costs and guarantee a timely delivery of the goods.With a growing informatization of the industrial world, it is worth considering the use of intelligent systems as a possible way of solving various types of decision problems, which in turn can contribute to the reduction of costs incurred by a company. Such systems enable multidimensional data analysis and to provide information useful in decision making.The paper investigates the use of the genetic algorithm and the ants colony optimization algorithm as a solution to the travelling salesman problem. It has been shown that both methods provide satisfactory results in solving the problem under examination.

Optimisation‐based collaborative determination of component trustworthiness in service compositions

AbstractIn service‐oriented environments, service providers orchestrate distributed services from other providers to create new composite enterprise services. A component service can be invoked jointly by several distributed composite service providers. However, because a composite service is provided to the consumers as an integrated service, when failures or dissatisfaction of the consumers occurs, it is not possible to directly identify the untrustworthy component. In this paper, we describe a collaborative trustworthiness determination approach using optimisation that can provide a solution to selecting trustworthy component service constructs based on monitoring and consumer quality of experience reporting of existing composite services from peer providers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Another look at the middleware for dependable distributed computing

AbstractKey concepts of reliable distributed computing developed during the 1980s and 1990s (e.g., transactions, replication) influenced the standards based middleware such as CORBA and Java EE. This middleware has evolved steadily over the years with message passing facilities to support construction of loosely coupled systems. However, the way networked computing is being used for business and social uses is undergoing rapid changes as new ways of constructing distributed execution environments from varieties of resources, ranging from computational, storage, network to application level services, provided by globally distributed service providers are emerging. In light of these developments, the paper examines what core concepts, components, and techniques that will be required in the next-generation middleware for dependable distributed computing. The paper puts forward the case for five topics for further research: better coordination facilities for loosely coupled systems, restructuring of the middleware stack for supporting multi-tenancy, replication in the large, negotiation, and enforcement of service agreements, and accountability.

Applying open grid computing to quality-aware web service composition

This paper presents a framework that addresses the problem of application reliability in service-oriented virtual enterprises. The aim of the framework is to build composite web services by connecting distributed service providers that offer homogeneous or heterogeneous web services. The proposed framework enhances service quality by applying grid computing standard technologies to manage the lifecycles of computing resources, improve service performance, and extend the service orientation and collaboration goals of composite web services. Given the model of a web services composition, computing plans are designed using the framework to create service components in an Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) system.

Managing Notifications in a Federated S2S Environment

The goal of the Federated Intelligent Product Environment (FIPER) is to form a federation of distributed services that provide engineering data, applications and tools on a network. A highly flexible software architecture has been developed, in which engineering tools like computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided engineering (CAE), product data management (PDM), optimization, cost modeling, etc., act as distributed service providers and service requestors. Service providers can enter the federation by registering with a service registry and publish the services through a process of discovery and join. An environment like this requires a mechanism for interprocess message passing from services to clients, services to services, and even clients to clients. The design issues of such a system and its implementation in the FIPER environment are described.

CitiTime: a system for rapid creation of portable next-generation telephony services

We present the architecture, design and experimental research prototype implementation of CitiTime, an open system architecture for the rapid development of advanced next-generation telephony services that overcomes some of the limitations of the current closed PSTN architecture and service model. CitiTime allows communication sessions to be set up over the PSTN, the Internet, or a combination of both. Services can be provided by multiple cooperating distributed service providers, some of whom may use third-party software components which can be “plugged in” or even dynamically downloaded from the network as needed. This allows advanced services to be deployed and delivered to users rapidly, a crucial requirement in the increasingly competitive telecommunications services marketplace. CitiTime is built upon an object-oriented call model called Citi Call Control ( CCC) which we have defined as a small set of extensions to the standard Java Telephony API (JTAPI) call model. JTAPI is designed primarily for centralized, single provider, call center type applications. Our extensions provide support for multiple, distributed providers as well as advanced services. CCC hides details of underlying call-state management, protocols and hardware from applications. The CitiTime prototype software is currently operational in our laboratory. We briefly describe its current implementation as well as future work to address issues such as fault tolerance.