High-voltage electric treatment is an emerging technology for enhancing the cold flowability of crude oil. The primary mechanism involves the accumulation of charged particles (resins and asphaltenes) onto wax particles under the electric field. This electrorheological effect varies with different oil compositions. We have investigated the impact of resins and asphaltenes on the electrorheological behaviors of waxy oils. However, the impact of the carbon number distribution of wax on this effect remains unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this work is to investigate the interaction between waxes with various carbon numbers and charged particles and its impact on the electrorheological behaviors of waxy oils. Model waxy oils containing distinct wax fractions (paraffin and microcrystalline waxes) and varying charged particle concentrations were prepared and studied. The results unveiled that microcrystalline wax model oils exhibited substantial reductions in viscosity and yield stress after electric treatment, up to 80% and 60%, respectively, surpassing the improvements observed in paraffin wax model oils which were less than 50%. This disparity is attributed to the better capacity of resins and asphaltenes to be eutectic with paraffin wax, improving the original flowability of paraffin wax model oil, thus involving fewer charged particles in the interaction with wax under electric treatment, resulting in a weakened electrorheological effect. Resins and asphaltenes struggle to form eutectic mixtures with microcrystalline wax, resulting in minimal flowability improvement of microcrystalline wax model oils by charged particles. Consequently, under the electric field, a substantial proportion of free resins and asphaltenes can interact with microcrystalline wax particles, leading to superior electrorheological effects in microcrystalline wax model oils.