Distribution Of Oral Mucosal Lesions Research Articles

A bird's-eye view of pathologist over diagnostic confusion of oral cavity lesions.

Oral cavity can be host to multitude of neoplastic, premalignant or non neoplastic pathological lesions. Diagnosis of lesions of oral cavity is always of interest to clinician and pathologist and rely on clinical appearance of lesions. There can be variation in diagnosis of clinical lesion with histopathology. Many oral carcinomas arise within the sites that previously had premalignant lesion. Incidence of oral cancers in population has increased among younger generations related to habits and lifestyle. These lesions during clinical presentation are misleading and create diagnostic dilemma owing to age, sex and distribution of lesions. Understanding distribution of oral mucosal lesions helps to diagnose lesions of oral cavity. Purpose of this study is to observe the variation in clinical diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis in patients with inflammatory, premalignant, benign and malignant lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx and also clinical distribution of lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx lesions by histopathology. Out of total 105 lesions, ulcer in oral cavity seen in 58 (55.23%) of patients, followed by swelling or feeling of lump in oral cavity in 36 (34.29%) of patients and foreign body sensation in 23 (21.90%) of patients with tongue as most frequent site for most of lesions of oral cavity accounting in 33 (31.43%) of cases, and less frequently lesions were seen in retro molar trigone area in 2 (1.90%) patients. Histopathological diagnosis of premalignant, non neoplastic and inflammatory lesions was made in 24 (22.85%) cases, benign tumours were diagnosed in 14 (13.33%) cases and rest of 67 (63.81%) lesions were malignant. Mucocoel were seen in five (4.76%) cases, radicular cyst was seen in one (0.95%) case of female patient and four cases of Leukoplakia with one case showing mild dysplasia. Among benign tumours 11 (10.47%) patients presented with gingivitis turned out to be squamous papillomas were seen in five (4.76%) cases, fibroma was diagnosed in four (3.80%) cases, pyogenic granuloma was diagnosed in four (3.80%) cases most commonly seen over gingiva and myoepithelioma of minor salivary gland was observed in one (0.95%) case over soft palate. Out of 67 cases of malignant lesions squamous cell carcinomas were seen in 59 (88.05%) cases followed by verrucous carcinoma in 3 (4.47%) cases, 2 (2.99%) cases were basaloid squamous cell carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinoma was seen in 2 (2.99%) cases and 1 (1.49%) case of adenoid cystic carcinoma was seen. Majority of squamous cell carcinomas cases in study were well differentiated in 49 (73.13%) cases followed by moderately differentiated in 16 (23.88%) cases and poorly differentiated in 2 (2.99%) cases. Malignant transformation of tonsil tissue post operatively was observed in 1 (0.95%) patients on histopathology. One (2.5%) case of myoepithelioma was seen in 60 years male over soft palate. Of all oral biopsies reported in study, increasing trend of malignancies in lower age groups of population making it an emerging threat to community and highlighting need to take effective measures to increase public awareness about risk factors and consequences of this condition. Screening programmes targeted to population over 25 years are recommended to overcome this.

Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions and Normal Variants among Nepalese Population.

Oral mucosa is encountered by various lesions and normal variants. Some are not to be worried about, whereas others may be of significance. Knowing the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a particular region helps better evaluate, diagnose, and, thus, manage these lesions. To assess the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and normal variants among various age groups, genders, and sites of the orofacial region. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 2021 to March 2021. Three different proformas were designed according to age, gender, and location of lesions for entry as per the WHO's guide. The obtained data were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet for frequency analysis by SPSS, and the results were tabulated. Among the records of 16572 (9703 (58.55%) males and 6869 (41.44%) females) OPD patients, 3495 (21.08%) (1934 (55.33%) males and 1561 (44.66%) females) had OMLs and 2314 (13.96%) (1626 (70.26%) males and 688 (29.73%) females) had normal mucosal variants. The most commonly seen OML categories were tobacco-associated lesions, i.e., 2056 (34.07%), tongue lesions, i.e., 1598 (26.48%), oral potentially malignant disorders, i.e., 815 (13.50%), ulcers i.e., 728 (12.06%), and infectious lesions, i.e., 256 (4.24%). The Nepalese population has a wide range of oral mucosal lesions and normal variants, and this study has attempted to have baseline data for the same. The most common OML was smoker's melanosis.

Oral mucosal involvement and frequency of Pemphigus vulgaris inpatients at Khartoum

Pemphigus Vulgaris(PV) is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune disease with a high mortality rate and oral manifestations often being the earliest symptoms. The aim of this study is to describe the frequency of Pemphigus Vulgaris in terms of Age, gender, residence and geographic origin, to study its frequency, type, and site distribution of Oral mucosal lesions (OMLs), analyze its association with skin lesions and to correlate it with systemic diseases and mortality rate.A retrospective hospital based study was done using in-patient records at Khartoum Dermatology and Venereal diseases Teaching Hospital from Jan 2010 to Dec 2019. Clinical evaluation and histopathological records were the method of diagnosis. Study variable such as socio–demographic data, oral mucosal lesions (type, site, distribution), presence of skin lesions, association with chronic systemic diseases, mortality were used in the study. A structural data collection sheet questionnaire, modified from the standard (WHO) questionnaire of OMLs, was used.In this study, 321 (47.3%) patients out of 678 patients were diagnosed with PV, of which the most common age group reported was 31-50 years (41.8%), females (68.6%) were more affected. Out of 321 PV cases, OML reported in 227 (70.7%) patients. The majority of OMLs (81.9%) were reported in more than one site, among which the most common reported site was Lip (23.5%) and (32.4%) of PV cases were associated with chronic systemic diseases, (10.9%) with mortality, of which, 29 (82.9%) out of 35 cases, reported with OMLs and peak age group of mortality was (41-50 years) (41.5%) among which female had higher mortality (78.9%).PV was seen to be the most commonly manifesting mucocutaneous disease among the study population. Majority of the cases had oral mucosal lesions in concordance with previous studies and literature.

Absence of Oral Opportunistic Infections in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Receiving Anti-TNF-α and Anti-Integrin-α4β7 Therapy.

Biological therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) carries an increased risk for the development of opportunistic infections due to immunomodulation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of oral infections in IBD patients treated with biological (anti-TNF-α and anti-integrin-α4β7) and conventional medication protocols. The study included 20 IBD patients receiving anti-TNF-α therapy, 20 IBD patients receiving anti-integrin-α4β7 therapy and 20 IBD patients without immunomodulatory therapy. Participants completed questionnaires on medical information, oral lesions and symptoms. For each patient, clinical examination and a salivary flow rate test were performed, followed by a swab of the oral mucosa. The swab samples were cultured to identify Candida spp. and oral bacteria. No bacterial opportunistic infections were detected. Candidiasis was detected in four participants, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.765). Hyposalivation was most common in the anti-TNF-α group, with a significant difference between groups (p = 0.036). There were no significant differences between groups in self-reported oral mucosal lesions and symptoms (p > 0.05), or in the distribution of oral mucosal lesions (p > 0.05). This study suggests that IBD patients receiving biological therapy are at no greater risk of developing oral opportunistic infections than IBD patients not receiving immunomodulatory therapy.

A cross-sectional prevalence study: To assess the prevalence and site distribution of oral mucosal lesions

Introduction: Early diagnosis is the key in the prevention of transformation of oral mucosal lesions into life threatening disease ‘CANCER’, hence the need of the study determines the prevalence and site distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions in patients attending outpatient department of Shivam Dental Clinic, Lakhimpur. Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study was carried out to assess the prevalence and site distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions in patients attending outpatient department of Shivam Dental Clinic, Lakhimpur. The sample size was estimated to be 150. A single examiner previously trained for the diagnosis of Oral Mucosal lesions made all examinations. The data was collected using the WHO oral health assessment form 2013. The data analysis was done using the SPSS version 20. Result: The results stated a strong association between age, chewing tobacco smoking and oral lesions. Conclusion: The present study concludes a positive relation between intake of tobacco in any form with oral mucosal lesions hence an additional effort to educate the masses about the hazardous effects of tobacco should be a priority for both governmental and non-governmental agencies.

High prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in elderly: Call for revolutionizing geriatric dental care strategies.

Context:World'spopulation is ageing and increase in geriatric population demands improved oral health care. Previous epidemiologic studies in general population of India and particularly in Kerala (state with maximum proportion of elderly) provided very little information about oral mucosal lesions in elderly.Aims:To find out the prevalence, pattern and distribution of oral mucosal lesions in geriatric patients and to explore their association with different study variables.Settings and Design:A descriptive, hospital-based, cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 9 months in the out-patient clinic, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College, Kozhikode (tertiary healthcare centre in Kerala, India).Methods and Materials:Participants aged 60 and above were selected by consecutive sampling. Data were collected through clinical examination and by using a structured proforma.Statistical Analysis Used:Descriptive statistics with tests of significance of associations were done.Results:The geriatric population (N=750, 66.89 ± 6.07, M: F=1.4:1), was recruited by screening 43,180, and 447 (67.29 ± 6.15, M: F=2:1) were identified having oral mucosal lesions withprevalence of 59.6% (95% CI=56.05–63.05). Most common lesion group was red and white (73.2%), followed by pigmented (15.5%). Oral mucosal lesions were significantly associated with age over 65, male gender, presence of habit and denture usage (P < 0.05).Conclusions:The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in geriatric people is high. Hence setting up of geriatric dental clinics, with appropriate preventive and palliative intervention strategies is mandatory.

A Retrospective Analysis of the Prevalence of Distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions (OMLs) among the People Of Delhi NCR

INTRODUCTION: The presence of Oral Mucosal Lesions (OMLs) in one’s oral mucosa can lead to unwanted consequences and mostly are due to tobacco use.&#x0D; AIM: To document the prevalence of OMLs among patients of Delhi NCR and provide health education counselling to those under the grip of this evil practice. &#x0D; MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of a total of 402 subjects visiting various screening camps in Delhi NCR and recalled a total of 174 patients, out of which 161 reported back to us for further diagnosis and screening of OMLs. The examination of patients in the camp were an ADA type III examination. All patients we given a health education while tobacco users were also given a specialized one-on-one health education regarding the tobacco and its ill effects as well as techniques for cessation. A descriptive analysis of the sample was first performed using means (±standard deviation (SD)) for continuous variables and frequencies (proportions) for categorical variables. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis and to find significant difference, if any.&#x0D; RESULTS: Among the 402 subjects screened, the mean age was 33.24±6.74 Years and most of the study population belonged to the age group of 25-60 Years [178(44.3%)]. 301(74.8%) of the study population were males. The main chief complaint was periodontal problem [187(46.5%)], while 15 patients (3.73%) came for regular check-up. The prevalence of leukoplakia was found to be 8.70% and OSMF was found to be 6.21%. A significant difference was seen among gingivitis with respect to age and gender (p&lt;.05), leukoplakia and frictional keratosis was seen significant in relation to gender. In all significant cases, Males were more prone to get these OMLs as compared to females&#x0D; CONCLUSION: It is advised that regular Oral Health Drives and counselling sessions be arranged for the people of elhi NCR to reduce the burden of the OMLs.

Distribution and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in residents of old age homes in Delhi, India.

BackgroundIt has been seen that very less attention has been given to the oral health of the geriatric population residing in old age homes and as the oral mucosal lesions are a matter of concern for this growing population. Therefore, a study was done with the objective of finding the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and the distribution of oral mucosal lesions among 65-74 year old residents of old age homes in Delhi, India.Materials and MethodsA cross sectional study was done on 65-74 year old age group elders of old age homes in Delhi. A total of 464 subjects participated in the study. Oral Health Assessment Form, WHO was used for assessing oral mucosa. Clinical examination was performed using two mouth mirrors under natural illumination in a systematic manner. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 23.ResultsOut of a total of 464 subjects, 291 (62.70%) were males and 173 (37.30%) were females. Oral mucosal lesions seen in the study subjects were malignant tumours, leukoplakia, lichen planus, ulcerations, ANUG, Abscess and candidiasis. Leukoplakia was seen in 70 subjects (15%) and was present on buccal mucosa in the majority. A malignant tumour was seen in 7 subjects (1.5%) and commonly seen area is floor of mouth.ConclusionPrevalence of oral mucosal lesions among residents of old age homes shows the need for increased preventive and diagnostic measures for prevention and early identification of oro-mucosal lesions. Taking adequate care for oro-mucosal health of elderly people residing in old age homes is necessary.

Epidemiology of Oral Diseases and Concordance between Provisional Clinical and Histopathological Diagnoses

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and compare the concordance between provisional clinical diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis.

Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions by Sex and Age Categories: A Retrospective Study of Patients Attending Lebanese School of Dentistry.

Background Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions in a sample of Lebanese population attending the School of Dentistry of Lebanese University is necessary to evaluate their oral health situation. Objectives The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions of patients attending the School of Dentistry. Methods A descriptive study was carried out by retrospectively examining a total of 231 medical and clinical examination record files of patients, attending the School of Dentistry Lebanese University for multidisciplinary dental treatments. 178 medical records were retained. Each medical and clinical examination record was done by an undergraduate student and then evaluated by a doctor. The record file included a civil status, chief complaint, medical history, and extraoral and intraoral clinical examination during the period between October 2014 and May 2015. Exclusion criteria were lack of written information in their medical and clinical examination record and being nonevaluated by a doctor. Data regarding age, gender, socioeconomic status, chief complaint, systemic diseases, and drugs intake were collected by using a questionnaire while the type of extraoral and oral mucosal lesions by clinical examination. Results The sample consisted of 102 (57.3%) females and 76 (42.7%) males. The age ranged from 10 to 92 years with a mean age of 40.1 years. Among these subjects, 110 (61.8%) presented with one or more lesions. All patients were Lebanese. The most common lesion diagnosed was coated/hairy tongue affecting 17.4% of the subjects, followed by melanotic macule (11.2%), gingivitis (9.6), linea alba (6.2%), tongue depapillation (5.1), leukoplakia (5.1), traumatic fibroma (4.5), frictional keratosis (3.9%), fissured tongue (3.9%), hemangiomas (3.9%), Fordyce granules (3.9%), dry mucosa (3.4), angular cheilitis (2.2), gingival hyperplasia (2.2), and crenulated tongue (1.7%). Overall, the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions did not significantly differ between sex and age groups. Conclusions The high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions necessitates adequate awareness and management of these lesions in the general population. Dental clinicians should be knowledgeable and familiar with the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of these lesions.

Clinicoepidemiological analysis of patients with oral mucosal lesions attending dermatology clinics

Background/Objectives The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) has a wide variety in different regions of the world. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, clinical presentations, and associated risk factors of OMLs among patients treated at Outpatient Clinics of the Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt. Patients and methods This observational study included all patients with OMLs among patients treated at the Outpatient Clinics of the Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt, from January 2016 to June 2016. Patients underwent complete history taking, and general and local oral cavity examination. The OMLs were examined and diagnosed according to the WHO 1995 criteria. Results Of the patients, 125 (2.6%) were diagnosed with different clinical types of OMLs (66 men and 59 women; mean age 28.59±14.8 years). Of these, 43 (34.4%) patients had a positive history of smoking. The most common types of OMLs were recurrent aphthous stomatitis (n=28, 22.4%), oral candidiasis (n=15, 12%), Behcet’s disease (n=12, 9.6%), recurrent herpes labialis (n=12, 9.6%), and oral lichen planus (n=7, 5.6%). Conclusion The prevalence and distribution of OMLs were elucidated at Sohag University Hospital, Upper Egypt and the importance of smoking in the pathogenesis of OMLs was evidenced.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among smokeless tobacco usage: A cross-sectional study.

Tobacco use is one of the most prevalent forms of habit and associated with development of potential malignant disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) among smokeless tobacco users. This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study. All the patients with the history of smokeless tobacco habit were included in the study. The patients were interviewed using the preformed questionnaire, including the patient's demographic details, the type of habit, duration, frequency, and the associated oral mucosal pathology. Further, patients were clinically examined and recorded on tobacco-related oral lesions. Prevalence of OML was 54.18%, and 91.50% being among male and with higher frequency at the age of second and fourth decade. The prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis, leukoplakia, carcinoma, lichen planus, and erythroplakia was 26.95, 10.35, 9.94, 5.5, and 0.66%, respectively. Smokeless tobacco habit was prevailing among males (98.79%) compared to females (9.37%). Frequency of habit-associated OML was statistically significant with odds ratio 0.24. The study proves a definite association between smokeless tobacco habit and OML. The data necessitate to correlate and follow up the individuals with smokeless form of tobacco habits to establish the definite correlation between the habit and oral mucosal lesions.

Oral mucosal lesions in teenagers: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundAdolescence is a period of transition to adulthood. Little is known about oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in teenagers, in which the emergence of new habits, unfamiliar to children, could affect the type of lesions.The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in a wide sample of adolescents.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out examining all medical records of adolescents (aged 13–18 years) treated at the Dental Clinic of the University of Brescia (Italy) in the period from 2008 to 2014. Cases with OMLs were selected. Data regarding age, gender, type of OML, bad habits, systemic chronic diseases were collected.ResultsA total of 6.374 medical records (mean age 15.2 + −1.7 years) were examined. We found 1544 cases (31.7%) of oral mucosal lesions; 36 different types of mucosal alterations were detected and the most frequent were: aphthous ulcers (18%), traumatic ulcerations (14.3%), herpes simplex virus (11%), geographic tongue (9.6%), candidiasis (5.5%), and morsicatio buccarum (4.7%). Papilloma virus lesions (1.7%), piercing-related lesions (4%), multiform erythema (0.13%), oral lichen planus (0.13%) and granular cell tumour (0.06%) were also diagnosed.ConclusionsThe prevalence of OMLs in adolescents are different from those in children and, in some conditions, it could increase with age.

A 15-year retrospective study of 160 cases of benign lip lesions.

This study aimed to describe the results of a retrospective analysis of a specific cohort of patients with benign lip lesions encountered in the last 15 years in the School of Medicine at Karadeniz Technical University. A total of 312 patients were managed for lip lesions during the period 2000-2014. Data from 160 samples of benign lip biopsies were retrieved from the pathology laboratory records. The study group included 20 different histopathological types of lesions, with mucocele being the most frequent lesion (43.13 per cent). The other frequent lesions were chronic inflammatory infiltrate (11.25 per cent), intradermal naevus (5.63 per cent), pyogenic granuloma (5.63 per cent), fibroma (5 per cent) and papilloma (5 per cent). Mucocele was significantly more common in younger patients (p < 0.001). Knowledge of the epidemiology and distribution of oral mucosal lesions is essential to promote early diagnosis and treatment. Further epidemiological studies exploring the causal relationships and risk factors for lip lesions are necessary for a better understanding of lip diseases.

Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions in a geriatric Indian population.

BackgroundOral health is important to individuals of all age groups. Previous epidemiologic studies of the oral health status of the general population in India provided very little information about oral mucosal lesions in the elderly. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the oral lesions in a geriatric Indian population.Methods5,100 patients were clinically evaluated, with age ranging from 60 to 98 years. There were 3,100 males and 2,000 females, with a mean age of 69 ± 6.3 yrs. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS software, where p < .05 was considered to be significant.Results64% of the patients presented with one or more oral lesions, associated to tobacco, betel nut consumption, and lesions secondary to trauma and prosthesis. Males were more affected than females and this difference was clinically not significant (p > .05). The lesions were more frequently observed between 65 to 70 yrs. The most common alterations observed were smoker’s palate (43%), denture stomatitis (34%), oral submucous fibrosis (30%), frictional keratosis (23%), leukoplakia (22%), and pyogenic granuloma (22%). Hard palate was the most commonly affected site (23.1%).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study provide important information when clinically evaluating oral cavity in elderly. Close follow-up and systematic evaluation is required in the elderly population to plan future treatment needs.

Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China.

An epidemiological study on the oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in general population from China was scarce. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of OMLs in Shanghai, China and to evaluate their association with demographic factors and smoking/drinking habits based on a large scaled population on a wide spectrum. In this population-based cross-sectional study, 11054 community-dwelling individuals (M/F: 5140/5914; age range, 1-96 years) were randomly selected and examined according to WHO criteria. The prevalence of OMLs was 10.8% in this study. A total of 1192 (M/F: 543/649; mean age, 56.9 years) individuals were presented with different types of OMLs. The most common type of OMLs was fissured tongue (prevalence of 3.15%), followed by recurrent aphthae (1.48%), traumatic ulcer (1.13%), and angular cheilitis (0.86%). The two most common potentially malignant disorders were oral lichen planus (0.81%) and leukoplakia (0.22%). Regression analysis revealed that the elderly age, smoking, and alcohol intake were statistically significant risk factors of OMLs with emphasis on leukokeratosis, leukoplakia, and lichen planus. The prevalence and distribution of OMLs were elucidated in an eastern area of China, and the importance of tobacco and alcohol in the pathogenesis of OMLs was evidenced. Our data have provided baseline information about epidemiologic aspects of OMLs that can be valuable in organized program targeting on oral health and hygiene.

Prevalence of oral mucosal changes among 6- 13-year old children in Sulaimani city, Iraq

Objectives: Understanding the distribution, etiology and epidemiology of oral mucosal changes is essential for preventive and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and normal variations among 6- to 13-year old children in Sulaimani city, north of Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on primary school students in Sulaimani city. A total of 5113 Kurdish children was examined; 2757 (53.92%) were males and 2356 (46.08%) were females, enrolled in 20 primary public schools. Any oral mucosal changes observed at the time of examination were recorded. Results: The prevalence of oral mucosal changes was found to be 12.87% (658 children): 12.91% (356) males and 12.82% (302) females, with no statistically significant gender variations (P&gt;0.05). Twelve different oral mucosal changes/lesions were diagnosed and the most common were herpes labialis (3.2%), aphthous ulcers (2.25%), linea alba (1.72%), angular cheilitis (1.7%), traumatic ulcers (1.58%) and geographical tongue (1.33%). No statistically significant association was found between different types of lesions and gender (P&gt;0.05). The lips were found to be the most common affected site (27.36%) followed by buccal mucosa (23.86%), tongue (18.54%), labial mucosa (14.13%), and the lip commissures (13.22%). Conclusion: The present study represents the first cross-sectional epidemiological study of the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions among Kurdish Iraqi children in Sulaimani city providing the baseline data for future relative preventive and health service programs.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in an elderly population in the city of Valparaiso, Chile

Chilean population is ageing, which means an increase in the prevalence of multiple pathologies, including those located in the oral cavity. To measure the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and to identify associated risk factors in elderly patients in the city of Valparaiso. This study includes 126 patients over 60 years. The sample was calculated with a sampling error of 3.7% from a population size of 6000 file cards. Frequency and contingency tables were made together with odds ratios, with a confidence interval of 95%. Finally, we built a predictive model based on a binary logistic regression. From the whole sample, 85 patients (67.5%) had some oral mucosal lesion. The most frequent lesions were denture-induced stomatitis (37.1%). It was noted that there is a statistically significant association between the use of denture and the presence of oral candidiasis. The consumption of drugs and the use of denture increase the likelihood of having oral mucosal lesions. There is a high prevalence of oral lesions in the elderly patients of Valparaiso. The use of drugs and /or denture increases significantly the likelihood that a person over 60 years presents lesions in the oral mucosa.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and variations in Indian public school children

Aim: To study the nature and distribution of oral mucosal lesions and variations in children. Methods: This investigation was a cross-sectional study. All the study subjects were taken from government primary school. Children were in the age group of 4-14years. The children who were attending the Department of Pediatric Dentistry for dental check up were examined. Results: A total of 1,003 children were included in the present study,. The mucosal lesions were observed in 643 (64.11%) children, developmental variations of mucosa were evident in 220 (21.93%) children and normal mucosal variations were present in 391 (38.98%) children. The most commonly observed mucosal lesions were gingivitis, gingival abscess and traumatic ulcers. The most frequent developmental mucosal variations were ankyloglossia and high frenal attachment. Normal mucosal variations noted were linea alba buccalis and fordyce’s spots. Distribution of mucosal lesions/variations were same among both the gender except fordyce’s spots (p=0.018). Parotid papillae and pigmented spots had positive relation with age. Conclusions: Mucosal lesions/variations were present in more than half of the children in this study. Only few oral mucosal lesions had gender differences and vary with age.

Prevalence and Site distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions in patients attending outpatient clinics of Oxford dental college, Bangalore

Background and aims: The oral mucosa performs essential protective functions that significantly affect the general health of the patient. Besides dental caries and periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions are another significant problem of public health importance. This study aims to establish the prevalence and site distribution of oral mucosal lesions in patients attending out patient clinics of Oxford Dental College, Bangalore. Methods: The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was determined by the clinical examination in a sample of 512 patients. Patients lesser than 10 years to greater than 60 years were included in the study. A single examiner previously trained in the diagnosis of oral conditions made all examinations. World health organization's Guide to Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Diseases was used as the diagnostic criteria. The Statistical software namely SPSS 11.0 and Systat 8.0 were used for the analysis of the data. Odds ratio (OR) has been used to find the strength of relationship between prevalence of lesions with the study parameters. Results: The overall prevalence of oral mucosal lesions reported was 11.33%. Tobacco related lesions composed 35(60%) and denture related lesions composed 16(27%) of all lesions. Conclusion: This study establishes the prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions (OML's) in patients attending out patient clinics of Oxford Dental College and demonstrates that smoking and increasing age is associated with greater odds of OML's.