Distribution Of Dairy Products Research Articles

GROWTH AND PROSPECTS OF DAIRY INDUSTRY IN INDIA: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

Milk provides good nutrition and helps the income of people in rural areas of the country. This study examines the growth and development of the Indian dairy industry. This study examine about milk production and consumption in the country. This study tries to estimate the milk production in the country given the current production model. It explores the relationship between the countrys milk production and its international exports and imports. These findings will assist policy makers and the agricultural industry in making production decisions. Statistical data, estimation and correlation analysis were used during the research process to show the relationship between the production, consumption and distribution of dairy products. The study found that under the current production pattern in the country, India could produce around 217 million tons of milk by 2025. In 2016-17, the countrys milk consumption was 351 grams, 229 grams more than international milk. per person per day. Correlation analysis is used to determine whether there is a relationship between imports and exports of dairy products and milk. The findings show that milk has a positive (r = 0.220, p = 0.601) effect on exports of dairy products and a negative (r = 0.228, p = 0.588) effect on exports. The study found that there are many ways to promote, produce and distribute milk and its products that policymakers and the dairy industry can use to their advantage. KEYWORDS: Dairy Industry, Production, Consumption, Development, per capita milk availability and correlation analysis

Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Listeria monocytogenes in Dairy Products with Reduction Trials Using Rosmarinic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Clove, and Thyme Essential Oils

Continuous monitoring of Listeria spp., particularly Listeria monocytogenes, in foods is a mandatory task for food safety and microbiology sectors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of L. monocytogenes in milk and dairy products retailed in Egypt. Furthermore, an experimental trial was conducted to investigate the antilisterial effects of some phytochemicals. A total of 200 samples (market raw milk, Kareish cheese, Damietta cheese, and plain yoghurt, 50 each) were collected and examined for detection of Listeria spp. The results revealed that 8, 12, 1, and 0 samples of market raw milk, Damietta cheese, Kareish cheese, and plain yoghurt were contaminated with Listeria spp., respectively. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing revealed that all L. monocytogenes isolates (15) were resistant to streptomycin and erythromycin. Molecular analysis revealed that 86.67% of L. monocytogenes harbored hylA virulent gene. Use of rosmarinic acid, ascorbic acid, thyme, and clove essential oils significantly ( P < 0.05 ) reduced L. monocytogenes growth in soft cheese—artificially contaminated with L. monocytogenes throughout a 4-week incubation period. In conclusion, strict hygienic conditions should be adopted during the preparation and distribution of dairy products. In addition, rosmarinic acid, ascorbic acid, clove, and thyme essential oils are good candidates as food preservatives with antilisterial activities.

Training and Mentoring of Probiotic Milk Fermentation Technology Development in Purwodadi Village, Purwodadi Sub-District, Pasuruan

Purwodadi sub-district has a surplus of dairy milk with a production of 25 tons of milk per day per KUD. There are 4 milk industry in Purwodadi sub-district as suppliers of PT Nestle. The problem is, dairy products are not entirely absorbed by the market, so it is necessary to look for breakthroughs in the distribution of dairy products that have an average price of IDR 8,000-13,000 per liter. Diversification of milk into fermented milk products will increase prices by five times, so that it is expected to increase people's income, because not only is the product variant increasing, but the market is also increasing. The result of the training shows that all participants experience a significant increase in knowledge, indicated by higher post-test result compared to the pre-test result. Another result known is that this probiotic-fermented milk can be used as a medium for a source of economic improvement for the family. This is proven when yogurt made by the community of Purwodadi has been sold among them as an additional drink during community meetings. Apart from that, this training will create a climate that enables the potential of the Youth Organization (Karang Taruna) and Family Welfare Program (PKK) to develop, namely to build group creative power by encouraging, motivating, and raising awareness of the potential of the village and efforts to develop it.

Toxin Production and Resistance of Staphylococcus Species Isolated from Fermented Artisanal Dairy Products in Benin.

Staphylococcus species are considered as one of the major pathogens causing outbreaks of food poisoning. The aim of this work was to assess the toxinogenic and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the strains of Staphylococcus spp isolated from three types of fermented dairy products (yoghourt, millet dêguê, and couscous dêguê). The isolation of the Staphylococcus strains was performed on selective media, and their identification was done using biochemical and molecular methods. The susceptibility at 15 antibiotics tested was assessed using the disc diffusion method. The immunodiffusion method was used to evaluate the toxin (luk-E/D, luk-S/F, ETA, and ETB) production. Biofilm formation was qualitatively researched on microplates. Less than half (42.77%) of the collected samples were contaminated with Staphylococcus spp. The yoghourt and millet dêguê samples collected in the afternoon were more contaminated than those collected in the morning. The S. aureus, S. capitis, and S. xylosus strains, respectively, were the most present. S. aureus was the only coagulase-positive species identified in our samples. The highest resistance to antibiotics was observed with penicillin (100%) irrespective of the nature of the sample. S. aureus strains were highly (71.4%) resistant to methicillin. The S. aureus strains were the most biofilm-forming (27.6%), followed by S. capitis strains. Panton and Valentine's leukocidin (luk-S/F) was produced by only S. aureus strains at a rate of 8.33%. Only coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) produced Luk-E/D. The high rates of Staphylococci contamination indicate bad hygiene quality during the production and distribution of dairy products. It is, therefore, necessary to improve the quality of fermented milk products.

SEARCH FOR WAYS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE

Topicality. In Ukrainian society there is concern about the quality of dairy products produced by domestic producers. Dairy production is the most necessary in the diet of a human, especially at the child�s age. We cannot image the child diet without milk and dairy products. As the infant�s body is much more fragile and vulnerable to the quality and safety of the food, which he consumes, so the requirements to the quality and safety of dairy products need to be tightened, and the requirements must be increased. And it is precisely such the requirements that should apply to the development of economic entities that have the direct relation to the production, , maintenance and processes of milk processing. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze and estimate the condition of the commodity market in the link of the dairy product chain, the sanitary state of milk being milked, volumes of milk supply to the processing enterprises, production and distribution of the dairy products by sales channel, problems and possibilities of providing rational needs and the level of consumption of milk and dairy products by the population. Research results. Carried out complex analysis of the state of dairy industry and the raw material market in the link of the dairy logistics chain, the sanitary state of fresh milk, the volumes of milk supply to the extra grade processing enterprises, production and distribution of dairy products by sales channels. Conclusion. The condition of dairy market and enterprises shows, that adopting legislative and regulatory measures and norms synchronized with European ones will not produce the expected results, unless supported them by real investment projects, aimed at developing the market sectors, and, first of all, the raw milk sector, which produces milk. The strategy for the development of the milk market should be based on the development of large-scale milk commodity farms, equipped with all the necessary infrastructure: feed-storage shops, veterinary services, milking machines and cooling, and most importantly quality laboratories.

Optimization of Dairy Distribution Path Based on Genetic Algorithm

The distribution of dairy products is a key factor affecting the distribution cost, delivery time and service level of dairy products. In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the costs, it is necessary to optimize the distribution path of the dairy products. In this paper, the distribution of a local dairy enterprise is taken as the research object. On the basis of analyzing the existing distribution path, the mathematical model of the distribution path is constructed, and the genetic algorithm is designed. Then the optimized distribution path is obtained through programming and solving by MATLAB. By comparing before and after optimization, it is found that after the optimization, the total distribution distance is shortened, and the transportation cost and fixed cost are reduced. In addition, the penalty cost is avoided. Therefore, a reasonable distribution path is of great significance for the enterprises to improve the efficiency, reduce the costs, shorten the delivery time and other indicators.

Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Egyptian dairy products: molecular, antimicrobial profiles and a reduction trial using d-tryptophan

The study aims to determine the prevalence and serotypes of Salmonella spp. in milk and dairy products sold on Egyptian markets, characterize their virulence-associated genes, and assess their antimicrobial profile. Furthermore, d-tryptophan was used as a new approach for controlling the growth of Salmonella in combination with heat stress. A total of 125 samples (raw market milk, bulk tank milk, Kareish cheese, white soft cheese, and small scale ice cream, 25 each) were used for assessing the prevalence of Salmonella spp. Nine Salmonella isolates with different serotypes were recovered from bulk tank milk (4/9; 44.44%) and Kariesh cheese (5/9; 55.55%), respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that all isolates were resistant to streptomycin and erythromycin. PCR analysis revealed that 100%, 66.67% and 88.89% of the obtained isolates possessed invA, avrA and stn genes, respectively. d-Tryptophan (40 mM) in combination with heat stress had a significant inhibitory effect on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) added to control milk samples. The results indicate insufficient hygienic measures adopted during handling by dairies in Egypt. Therefore, strict hygienic approaches are recommended during milking, processing and distribution of dairy products in Egypt. A synergistic effect of d-tryptophan and heat stress is considered as a promising tool for controlling growth of Salmonella in milk.

Current Status and Future Prospect of Brucella Blood Culture in Iran: A Review of the Recent Findings

The prevalence of brucellosis has increased in recent years in some regions in Iran, particularly in the western, northeastern, and some central areas. Undoubtedly, the main causes of brucellosis are the lack of vaccination coverage in livestock and distribution of dairy products. In addition, attention must be paid to the diagnostic difficulties associated with slow growth specificity and use of inefficient methods, which lead to the delayed diagnosis of the disease. All the available diagnostic procedures are currently used for the diagnosis of brucellosis, including isolation on culture media, serological procedures, and molecular techniques. Among these methods, isolation on culture media has shown the minimum efficiency, especially in blood specimens, which are the most commonly requested specimens in disease diagnosis. The influential factors could be the use of unapproved commercial kits, applying outdated diagnostic procedures, and using unqualified specimens in hospitalized patients. The present study aimed to enhance the current status of the isolation method, especially in the endemic areas for brucellosis. Several parameters were assessed in this regard, including the role of laboratory conditions, sampling quality, type of culture media, and various isolation methods, in order to review the studies aiming to increase the efficiency of this method.

Lagrangian heuristic for supply perishable products in two-echelon distribution network

This article presents a planning problem in a distribution network incorporating two levels inventory management of perishable products, lot-sizing, multi-sourcing and transport capacity with a homogeneous fleet of vehicles. This study is carried out in collaboration with a designer of an advanced planning system (APS) software. This type of network has been encountered in recent years by several customers, such as in the distribution of dairy products or beverages and with instances that can reach large sizes. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) is developed to solve this real planning problem. There are some instances for which the solver cannot give a good lower bound within the maximum calculation time and for other instances it takes a lot of time to solve MILP. A Lagrangian relaxation is implemented to evaluate these instances. A repair heuristic is applied to the corresponding solutions, for which the cost tends to fall during iterations.

Identification of blaVIM, blaIMP and blaSPM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase Genes in Bacillus subtilis Strains Isolated From Raw Milk and Cheese Samples

Introduction: Studies on bacterial resistance to common antibiotics are often based on bacteria isolated from patients, with less attention towards foodborne bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern and the presence of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes viz blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaSPM-1, in the Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from raw milk and cheese samples. Methods: A total of 100 raw milk and cheese samples (50 of each) were collected from the centers of production and distribution of dairy products in Ardabil city in 2017. Bacillus subtilis colonies susceptible to antibiotics were identified by conventional methods. Kirby-Bauer method was used to measure the antibiotic susceptibility and MBL E-test technique was used for detecting MBL enzymes. Presence of blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaSPM-1 MBL genes in the bacterial strains was investigated using PCR. Results: The results showed that 25 (59.52%) isolates from raw milk samples and 16 (43.24%) isolates from cheese samples produced MBL enzyme. The MBL-producing isolates exhibited high level (100%) of antibiotic resistance, except for cefixime (67.40%) and cefotaxime (64.60%). All MBL-producing isolates expressed blaVIM gene, while blaIMP and blaSPM-1 genes were not detected. Conclusion: Based on our results, molecular detection of MBL genes can be used as a complementary method along with common phenotypic diagnostic methods in the samples of dairy products, tested positive for MBL.

Geographical milk redistribution in Paraná State, Brazil: Consequences of institutional and market changes

This study filled a gap in literature by analyzing how institutional and market changes that have occurred since the 1990s in Brazil influenced the geographical distribution of milk production in Paraná State, Brazil. In addition, this study discussed the formation of new production frontiers and their impacts on the dairy actor's production chain. Data concerning productive and economic variables of the 399 municipalities in Paraná state were used to generate an indicator of dairy activity through Common Factor Analysis. Besides that, we perform clusters analyzes to define groups of municipalities of low, medium, and high importance. The geographical redistribution of milk production was discussed considering New Institutional Economy, Transaction Cost Economics, and von Thünen's theories. The results indicated that intrinsic characteristics of milk production systems, market characteristics, and institutional demands encouraged the shifting of production from the north, toward the south of Paraná State, redefining new the frontiers of milk production. Therefore, new public policies should be defined, aimed at providing financial and technical support for the production and processing of milk at the new frontiers. It is also necessary to seek the logistic adequacy for the collection and distribution of dairy products in these regions.

Reduction of Losses in the Distribution of Dairy Products as Part af Product Management

Reduction of Losses in the Distribution of Dairy Products as Part af Product Management

Application of an operational trip planning software to a transportation problem for a Norwegian dairy

Streamlining the distribution of dairy products to retailers and other customers is a complex task. Until recently, companies have mostly relied on experts to calculate, simulate or resolve complex routing problems. However, operational trip planning software is now available. Due to high costs (in acquisition and training), only large companies have so far started to use such software, but eventually this technology will be at the disposal of logistic practitioners in a variety of industries. However, there have been no attempts in the literature to describe the implementation of such software in practical trip planning situations. At present, dairies face increasing competition and effective distribution is of particular importance to them. Important operational issues, a dairy encounters during the identification and validation of a new trip plan, are the focus of this paper. More specifically, it describes how this company solves the distribution problem aided by the trip planning programme software.

Work load reduction through a new roll container traction device

Purpose : For the distribution of dairy products, crates and roll containers are used. A roll container that is fully stacked with crates has a mass of 600 kg. The forces required to handle these roll containers, often aggravated by rough paving and inclined tailboards, are far in excess of ergonomic standards. This explains the high level of absenteeism among lorry drivers due to musculoskeletal complaints. The aim of this study was to reduce work load. Method : A new traction device for roll containers was developed, which couples easily and provides for easy manoeuvring. On a test circuit with obstacles, ten professional lorry drivers (aged 29-53 years) performed a user-test, both with and without the device. During the tests heart rate, blood pressure and time for completion of the track were measured. Results : Heart rates were significantly lower with the traction device, the length of time needed to complete the track showed greater uniformity, and thanks to ease of use no prior lessons were necessary. Conclusion : The prototype was also tested by a lorry driver that was disabled by low back pain. With this device he was able to return to work.