Crystallographic Orientation Distribution Research Articles

Relating Quartz Crystallographic Preferred Orientation Intensity to Finite Strain Magnitude in the Northern Snake Range Metamorphic Core Complex, Nevada: A New Tool for Characterizing Strain Patterns in Ductilely Sheared Rocks

AbstractDocumenting the magnitude of finite strain within ductile shear zones is critical for understanding lithospheric deformation. However, pervasive recrystallization within shear zones often destroys the deformed markers from which strain can be measured. Intensity parameters calculated from quartz crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) distributions have been interpreted as proxies for the relative strain magnitude within shear zones, but thus far have not been calibrated to absolute strain magnitude. Here, we present equations that quantify the relationship between CPO intensity parameters (cylindricity and density norm) and finite strain magnitude, which we calculate by integrating quartz CPO analyses (n = 87) with strain ellipsoids from stretched detrital quartz clasts (n = 49) and macro‐scale ductile thinning measurements (n = 7) from the footwall of the Northern Snake Range décollement (NSRD) in Nevada. The NSRD footwall exhibits a strain gradient, with Rs(XZ) values increasing from 5.4 ± 1.4 to 282 ± 122 eastward across the range. Cylindricity increases from 0.52 to 0.83 as Rs increases from 5.4 to 23.5, and increases gradually to 0.92 at Rs values between 160 and 404. Density norm increases from 1.68 to 2.97 as Rs increases from 5.4 to 23.5, but stays approximately constant until Rs values between 160 and 404. We present equations that express average finite strain as a function of average cylindricity and density norm, which provide a broadly applicable tool for estimating the first‐order finite strain magnitude within any shear zone from which quartz CPO intensity can be measured. To demonstrate their utility, we apply our equations to published data from Himalayan shear zones and a Cordilleran core complex.

Influence of crystallographic textures on the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of austenitic stainless steel

Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance is a significant concern in austenitic stainless steel (ASS) used for hydrogen transportation and storage. While microstructure-controlled methods to enhance HE resistance have been extensively studied in ferritic steels, comprehensive research on microstructure effects in ASS is lacking. In this study, two 316L ASSs with different microstructures were evaluated for HE resistance using electrochemical hydrogen charging. The steel with abundant in <111>+<110> orientations showed a significant elongation reduction after hydrogen charging. It revealed that, from the hydrogen permeation and thermal desorption analysis (TDA) results, effective diffusivity and activation energy of hydrogen were changed along the crystallographic orientation distributions. Also, transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) and twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) behavior affecting to the HE resistance preferentially formed in grains with <111> and <110> orientations rather than in those with <001> orientation during plastic deformation. Therefore, the study suggests that reinforcing the <001> microstructure is advantageous for improving HE resistance in 316L ASS.

Understanding and exploring anisotropy mechanism of mechanical properties for ferrous alloy under different cooling paths

To understand and illuminate the anisotropy mechanism of mechanical properties with respect to typical ferrous alloy, two different kinds of microstructures were fabricated by adopting thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP) with identical rolling schedule and different cooling paths, named high coiling temperature process (HC) and low coiling temperature process (LC). The influences of microstructure together with distribution of crystallographic orientation on the anisotropy discipline were investigated, and the anisotropy mechanism were further explored on the basis of plastic deformation theory. Results indicated that the microstructure processed by HC was primarily composed of quasi-polygonal ferrite (QPF) and small fraction of bainitic ferrite (BF). While the LC-processed microstructure predominantly consisted of acicular ferrite (AF), BF as well as martensite-austenite island (M/A). The LC-processed alloy exhibited more obvious anisotropy performance indicated by tensile properties along different tensile directions compared to the HC-processed alloy. There was a phenomenon of uniform distribution of macro-texture and uneven distribution of micro-texture with respect to the both achieved microstructures, and the uneven distribution of micro-texture together with high density of dislocation for BF were responsible for the obvious anisotropy performance of the studied ferrous alloy.

A new compact symmetric shear diamond anvil cell for in situ high-pressure-torsion studies.

In situ studies under severe plastic deformation at high pressures, employing shear diamond anvil cells, have recently gained much interest in the high-pressure community owing to their potential applications in material processing methods, mechanochemistry, and geophysics. These studies, combined with multi-scale computational simulations, provide important insights into the transient hierarchical microstructural evolution, structural phase transitions, and orientation relationship between parent and daughter phases and help establish the kinetics of strain-induced phase transitions under severe plastic deformation. The existing SDACs are mostly used in axial x-ray diffraction geometry due to geometrical constraints providing less reliable information about stress states and texture. Their asymmetric design also poses serious limitations to high-pressure shear studies on single crystals. To overcome these limitations, a new compact symmetric shear diamond anvil cell has been designed and developed for in situ high-pressure torsion studies on materials. The symmetric angular opening and short working distance in this new design help obtain a more reliable crystallographic orientation distribution function and lattice strain states up to a large Q range. Here, we present the advantages of the symmetric design with a few demonstrative studies.

Effect of Cooling Process on Microstructure and Properties of Low Carbon Bainite Steel

This article used Mn-Mo-Cr-B low-carbon bainitic steel as the experimental material. The continuous cooling transformation curve of the steel during continuous cooling was determined using a Gleeble-1500D thermal simulation test machine, and a corresponding phase transformation model for bainitic steel during continuous cooling was established. The influence of different cooling rates and final cooling temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel was investigated. Employing metallography, SEM, and EBSD techniques, the microstructure, crystallographic orientation, and grain boundary angle distribution of the low-carbon bainitic steel were explored, and their relationship with the steel's strength and toughness was studied. The research findings reveal that varying cooling rates and final cooling temperatures impact the phase transformation process and microstructure of the steel, consequently affecting its mechanical properties indirectly. With increasing cooling rate, the diffusion and fineness of martensite increase, and the quantity of lath bainite grows while the laths become finer. Elevated final cooling temperatures lead to larger martensitic-austenitic (MA) islands and reduced lath bainite quantity, causing the laths to become wider. Through analysis of the substructure of bainitic steel, it was determined that the bainite organization in the tested steel comprises primary austenite grains, lath packet, and lath block in succession. Lath packets are composed of lath blocks with different orientations, where lath size predominantly controls strength. Finer lath size corresponds to higher strength, and the influence of substructure on toughness is comparatively minor.

The anisotropic grain size effect on the mechanical response of polycrystals: The role of columnar grain morphology in additively manufactured metals

Additively manufactured (AM) metals exhibit highly complex microstructures, particularly in terms of grain morphology which typically features heterogeneous grain size distribution, irregular and anisotropic grain shapes, and the so-called columnar grains. The conventional morphological descriptors based on grain shape idealization are generally inadequate for representing complex and anisotropic grain morphology of AM microstructures. The primary aspect of microstructural grain morphology is the state of grain boundary spacing or grain size whose effect on the mechanical response is known to be crucial. In this paper, we formally introduce the notion of axial grain size from which we derive mean axial grain size, effective grain size, and grain size anisotropy as robust morphological descriptors capable of effectively representing highly complex grain morphologies. We instantiated a discrete sample of polycrystalline aggregate as a representative volume element (RVE) featuring random crystallographic orientation and misorientation distributions. However, the instantiated RVE incorporates the typical morphological features of AM microstructures including distinctive grain size heterogeneity and anisotropic grain size owing to its pronounced columnar grain morphology. We ensured that any anisotropy observed in the macroscopic mechanical response of the instantiated sample primarily originates from its underlying anisotropic grain size. The RVE was then employed for mesoscale full-field crystal plasticity simulations corresponding to uniaxial tensile deformation along various axes via a spectral solver and a physics-based crystal plasticity constitutive model which was developed, calibrated, and validated in earlier studies. Through the numerical analyses, we isolated the contribution of anisotropic grain size to the anisotropy in the mechanical response of polycrystalline aggregates, particularly those with the characteristic complex grain morphology of AM metals. This contribution can be described by an inverse square relation.

Predicting porosity distribution effects on the orientation induced plastic anisotropy of ductile solids: A crystal plasticity investigation

This paper investigates the role of crystallographic orientation and heterogeneous void distribution on void growth using three-dimensional crystal plasticity simulations. Face-centered cubic crystal structure is chosen as the model system. The role of crystallographic orientation on void growth is mapped by modeling single crystals as cubic unit cells with an embedded spherical void. Reminiscent of real aggregates, porosity is then re-distributed in single crystals to assess the role played by heterogeneous distribution of voids. Simulations are coupled with statistical analysis tools to decode the complex interplay involved in orientation dependent anisotropic plasticity and stochastic parameters governing heterogeneous void distribution like void size and placement. The applicability of the obtained results for single crystals is appraised for polycrystals as well by embedding the porous crystal in a randomly textured polycrystalline aggregate. Statistical analysis is repeated for all the considered orientations of the central grain to highlight the intricacies associated with plastic anisotropy-randomness in the heterogeneous microstructure. The results reveal interesting variations in mechanical strength, ductility and void growth rate in the three-dimensional orientation space. Analysis of configuration-property linkage reveals critical variables regulating the material strength and ductility for single crystals as well as polycrystals. Ramifications of the obtained results in designing strong and tough ductile components for practical applications are discussed.

Three-dimensional modeling of solidification grain structures generated by laser powder bed fusion

Grain structures generated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) of the Ni-based superalloy Inconel 718 (IN718) are studied using Cellular Automaton modeling. A hybrid methodology is developed to benefit from a full thermohydraulic simulation that predicts the shape of the consolidated track and the temperature field. The advantage is to reach a large size of the simulation domain while still taking advantage of a thermohydraulic numerical solution of the L-PBF process at the scale of the melt pool. The computed grain structure becomes available in a Representative Elementary Volume (REV) of an Additively Manufactured (AMed) specimen and can be studied statistically considering the distribution of crystallographic orientations and the grain density. It is also possible to vary process and material parameters to approach industrial practice. The strategy consisting in opposite bidirectional scanning of the powder with an additional 67° rotation at each new layer is demonstrated. It is compared with the standard opposite bidirectional monoaxial scanning strategy and the opposite bidirectional orthogonal biaxial scanning strategies with two perpendicular axes, all reproducing trends reported in experimental literature. The generation of virtual REVs of AMed microstructures by L-PBF for IN718 opens the way to study new processing parameters and coupling with models for the prediction of metallurgical properties.

Influence of Nonuniform Microstructure on High‐Cycle Fatigue Properties of the Electron‐Beam‐Welded Joint of High‐Strength Steel

The relatively weak fatigue property of electron beam (EB)‐welded joints is one of the key issues restricting their wide application. Herein, the impact of accelerating voltage, specifically the process‐induced nonuniform microstructure, is investigated on the high‐cycle fatigue properties of 15CrMnMoVA steel EB‐welded joints. It is indicated in the results that increasing the accelerating voltage from 120 to 150 kV (150‐specimen) results in a longer fatigue life and an 11.8% improvement in fatigue limit for the welded joint with the locking bottom structure. However, even after removing the locking bottom structure, the fatigue life of the 150‐specimen is still inferior to that of the base metal. The shorter fatigue life is primarily due to stress concentration and premature fatigue failure caused by the nonuniform distribution of grain size and crystallographic orientation across the EB‐welded joint. Thus, further optimization of the welding process is necessary to improve the fatigue reliability of EB‐welded joints by obtaining a more uniform microstructure.

Finite element analysis using elasto-visco-plastic self-consistent polycrystal model for E-form Mg sheet subjected to bending

The mechanical behavior of a magnesium alloy E-form under bending was investigated using the elasto-visco-plastic polycrystal model (ΔEVPSC) and its finite element (FE) implementation (ΔEVPSC-FE) developed in Jeong et al. and Jeong and Tomé. The crystallographic orientation distribution (COD) obtained from X-ray diffraction was used to represent the initial texture, and the Voce hardening parameters were calibrated by fitting the uniaxial tension and the compression flow stress curves. A quasi-static FE analysis of a miniaturized V-bending operation was conducted using the ΔEVPSC-FE model. The bending induced an inhomogeneous stress response along the through-thickness and the lateral directions, which was well captured by the model. Moreover, the predictive capability of the model was validated by comparing with various experimental results such as (1) force vs. displacement curves; (2) the through-thickness variations in the twin volume fraction; and (3) the changes in crystallographic texture as a function of displacement. Additional bending simulation was performed using an isotropic texture, the result of which suggests that the potential improvement in bendability of the magnesium alloy is attainable by weakening the initial texture. Moreover, the simulation results imply that the crystallographic texture, which may affect the twin activation across the thickness direction, plays a significant role in the shifting direction of the neutral layer.

Зависимость процесса коррозии биорезорбируемого сплава ZX10 от структурных факторов и локального уровня pH

Magnesium biodegradable alloys are a promising material for self-dissolving surgical implants. Magnesium is known to be sensitive to electrochemical corrosion due to the galvanic effect between the matrix and particles of secondary phases and inclusions. Another important factor is the pH level. The behavior of certain chemical reactions depends on the pH level, so one can assume that the pH level of a corrosive medium at the material surface is a factor determining what chemical reactions can occur there. Finally, there is evidence that variability of the crystallographic orientation of the grains may be a cause of anisotropy of corrosion properties. The purpose of this work is to reveal the influence of the electrode potential of the microstructural elements, the crystallographic orientation of the grains, and the pH level of the near-surface volume of the corrosion solution on the corrosion process. In the study, sections of 2×1.5 mm were marked on the ZX10 alloy samples, for which maps of the distribution of crystallographic orientations and chemical composition were drawn. To assess the influence of the electrode potential of the particles, the authors carried out a Kelvin probe mapping in the 90×90 µm area. Next, corrosion tests were carried out with video filming of the surface on the marked area. To determine the pH level influence, the solution circulation in the cell was varied. Upon completion of the tests, corrosion products and corrosion damage were examined in detail. According to the results, the pH level in the liquid near-surface micro-volumes has a greater influence than the electrode potential of the particles as it provokes the formation of corrosion products of a different composition, which leads to passivation of the surface areas around the particles. The authors identified two different types of filiform corrosion. For filiform corrosion, a correlation between the corrosion direction and the crystallographic orientation of the grains was established.

Comparison of CoCrFeNi coatings prepared via high-speed laser cladding and normal laser cladding on microstructure and properties

Two kinds of CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy coatings were prepared by normal laser cladding (N-) and high-speed laser cladding (HS-), respectively. The comparative analyses of crystallographic orientation distribution, microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of both coatings were conducted. The results show that the phase structures of HS-CoCrFeNi and N–CoCrFeNi coatings are single FCC solid solutions. The dendrite size of HS-CoCrFeNi coating is only half of that of N–CoCrFeNi coating. The microhardness of HS-CoCrFeNi coating (380 HV0.2) is about 2.3 times that of N–CoCrFeNi coating (165 HV0.2), due to the combined effect of grain refinement, dispersion strengthening and dislocation strengthening. The wear resistance and corrosion resistance of HS-CoCrFeNi coating are better than N–CoCrFeNi coating. With the increase of friction speed, the same wear mechanism of the two coatings is obtained, changing from abrasive wear to adhesive wear and fatigue wear. High-speed laser cladding is a promising technology to promote the development and application of high entropy alloys in the industry.

Modeling and characterization of dynamic recrystallization under variable deformation states

Flexible rolling with variable deformation states has brought new challenges to dynamic recrystallization (DRX) theory based on conventional constant deformation state. Modeling and characterization of DRX are investigated, inspired by the successful application of constitutive models and EBSD technique in the field of characterizing the recrystallization of metallic materials, combined with the characteristics of flow stress. Two constitutive models for constant and transient deformation states were considered. The dynamic recovery effect was integrated into the model for predicting the flow stress and DRX volume fraction. A hot processing map was established to predict the instability region. Various DRX synergistic regulation mechanisms and crystallographic orientation distribution under a transient deformation state were explored. The results suggest that DRX is the main softening characteristic under various deformation states. The predicted flow stress of the constant and transient models are in good agreement with the experimental values. The regulation mechanism of DRX transforms from continuous DRX to discontinuous DRX when the strain rate dynamic decreases. DRX grains display a random orientation distribution, and the crystallographic orientation is toward the 〈111〉 fiber parallel to the normal direction of the compression axis when the DRX volume fraction is high. These findings provide insight into the DRX constitutive description and microstructure evolution under variable deformation states.

A crystal plasticity finite element analysis on the effect of prestrain on springback

An incremental elasto-visco-plastic self-consistent polycrystal model was directly interfaced with a finite element (FE) code and applied to simulations of a mild steel sample subjected to 3-point-bending (3 PB). Emphasis is put in applying this strategy, for the first time, to predict springback responses after various amounts of prestrains. The crystallographic orientation distribution obtained from an EBSD scan was used to assign the initial polycrystalline aggregate for each FE integration point. The RGVB dislocation-density-based hardening model was adopted as the constitutive law, and the parameters were characterized by fitting uniaxial tension and tension-compression flow stress curves. The numerical reliability of the FE simulation results was evaluated via a systematic numerical study in terms of the mesh size, the numbers of grains sampled per each FE integration point and the cross-section points. The model successfully predicts the effect of prestrain on the springback, thus implying that the current modeling approach can be directly applied to industrial forming and springback predictions.

Prediction and Validation of Stress Triaxiality Assisted by Elasto-Visco-Plastic Polycrystal Model

The ΔEVPSC numerical code based on the elasto-visco-plastic HEM (Homogeneous Effective Medium) provides a multiscale constitutive modeling framework that is suitable for describing a wide range of mechanical behaviors of polycrystalline metals. In this study, an AA6061-T6 aluminum sample was chosen to validate the predictive capability of the ΔEVPSC stand-alone (ΔEVPSC-SA) code on stress triaxiality and its evolution until fracture. The model parameters were calibrated by fitting the uniaxial flow stress-strain curve, and the initial crystallographic orientation distribution (COD) was obtained using X-ray diffraction and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) methods. The statistical representativeness of the COD was further examined by comparing the experimental R-values with model predictions based on a set of CODs obtained via the two mentioned diffraction methods. The results suggest that the X-ray scan does not represent the texture very well, and instead, an entire cross-sectional EBSD scan is required, even though the texture gradient along the through-thickness direction is not very significant. The model-calculated triaxiality based on the ΔEVPSC-SA code was verified by comparison with the experimental results from the uniaxial tension, the notched tension, and the plane strain tests. The results were in good agreement with the ΔEVPSC finite element (FE) simulation results and other similar experimental results reported in the literature.

Effect of in-situ layer-by-layer rolling on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of a directed energy deposited 316L stainless steel

In this study a novel micro-rolling set-up was installed on a directed energy deposition additive manufacturing system to achieve in-situ grain refinement and porosity closure. A 316 L stainless steel was investigated and it was found that even low micro-rolling loads were capable of increasing the part density from 99.7% to 99.98%. Martensitic transformations as a result of micro-rolling were not detected. Additionally, using a combination of X-ray diffraction and optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy techniques, it was found that micro-rolling resulted in a finer internal grain substructure, twinning, an increase in dislocation density, a reduction of grain sizes, a refinement of the cellular structures, and a randomization of the crystallographic orientation distribution. This resulted in an increase in hardness by up to ~ 23% and in yield strength by up to ~ 31%. More importantly, due to pore closure, improved mechanical properties were achieved without compromising ductility. As the segregation of solute elements to cell boundaries was also not affected by micro-rolling, the excellent corrosion resistance of the alloy was generally retained. Thus, this approach allows the fabrication of denser, stronger and harder 316 L parts without the need for additional post-processing steps such as hot isostatic pressing or thermo-mechanical treatments, while also maintaining ductility and corrosion performance. • An in-situ rolling apparatus was built into a directed energy deposition system. • Four rolling conditions were studied for the fabrication of 316 L stainless steel. • Porosity closure was achieved even with the lowest applied rolling load. • Higher rolling loads resulted in greater grain refinement and hardness. • This process minimizes the need for additional post-processing steps.

Universal Bifacial Stamping Approach Enabling Reverse-Graded Ruddlesden-Popper 2D Perovskite Solar Cells.

Quasi 2D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising light absorbers that overcome the inherent instabilities of 3D perovskites. High-performance and stable 2D PSCs require careful control over the crystallographic orientation and phase distribution. This study introduces a simple and universal bifacial stamping method to obtain highly oriented perovskite crystals with a reverse-graded structure, where the low-n-value 2D perovskite phases are located mainly at the film surfaces. Bifacial stamping of 3D perovskite films atop the 2D films enables incorporation of 2D spacer cations into the 3D film surfaces, forming reverse-graded quasi-2D perovskite films. During stamping, suppressed evaporation of the precursor solvent induces heterogeneous nucleation from the contact interface between the 2D and 3D films, resulting in well-crystallized perovskite films having out-of-plane alignments with respect to the substrate. Thus, a highly oriented and reverse-graded quasi-2D perovskite with an average n value of 18 is obtained with power conversion efficiency exceeding 17% and high open-circuit voltage of 1.11V for iso-butylammonium (iso-BA)-based (iso-BA2 MAn -1 Pbn I3 n +1 ) PSCs. The unencapsulated device retains 92% of its initial efficiency after aging at 40 ± 5% relative humidity for 1200 h. This work provides a new strategy for fabricating highly oriented and phase-controlledquasi-2D PSCs.

Large-Scale Synthesis of Metal Additively-Manufactured Microstructures Using Markov Random Fields

A data-driven framework is developed and examined for creating spatially-varying crystallographic textures over component-scale Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models. Here, a set of three orthogonal 2D micrographs of an Additively-Manufactured (AM) specimen are first obtained experimentally through Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and subsequently converted to a 3D representative unit cell using the Markov Random Field (MRF) technique. Features such as grain size, crystallographic orientation, and grain boundary misorientation distributions are used to validate the reconstructed 3D microstructure against input experimental EBSD images. The variations of microstructural features during a powder-based additive manufacturing process are subsequently modeled by merging patches from the 3D snapshot of AM microstructural unit cell in a part-scale geometry using a tensor-based optimization process. The optimization algorithm repeatedly pastes microstructural elements from the reconstructed MRF unit cell onto the geometrical CAD domain until it is entirely covered. Here, through a simple Graphical User Interface (GUI), the user specifies a tensor field over the volumetric CAD model, defining the local control over grain-scale, anisotropy, and crystal growth orientation. This new approach provides a workflow for reconstructing global maps of AM microstructures in real-time by embedding site-specific images based on known AM microstructural patterns seen in experimental characterization techniques. The numerical results are helpful specifically for the visualization of process–microstructure relationships in metal additive manufacturing techniques.

Effect of β phase on deformation behavior of Ti alloys

Static tensile and creep tests were conducted on Ti-64 (α+β) and β single-phase Ti-15-3 to confirm the effect of the β phase for Ti alloys. Both tests were conducted in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and strain distribution within the observation area was measured by a digital image correlation (DIC) method. With respect to Ti-64 (α+β), the influence of β phase was not clearly observed in the tensile and creep tests. The crystallographic orientation distribution of α phase strongly affected the deformation behavior and strain distribution. For the deformation behavior of Ti alloys with α+β phases, it is sufficient to consider only the crystallographic orientation distribution of the α phase. On the other hand, Ti-15-3 (β single-phase) formed slip zones along the direction of 45° to the loading line in both tensile and creep tests, which coincided with the macroscopic shear zones. This is primarily because β phase (BCC) has multiple slip systems and little plastic anisotropy. For the deformation behavior of β single-phase Ti alloys, there is little need to focus on the plastic anisotropy caused by the crystallographic orientation.

Multilevel model of polycrystals: application to assessing the effect of texture and grains misorientation on the critical deformation of the dynamic recrystallization initiation

The current state of materials constitutive models and the computer technology development make it possible to numerically implement complex multilevel models that allow describing the material structure evolution. In this regard, it is possible to formulate optimal control problem for metal forming processes in order to create the required performance characteristics of finished products and their ingots. To solve this problem in this study, the effective multilevel modeling approach is used to describe the thermomechanical treatment of polycrystalline materials. The model is based on this approach with the introduction of internal variables, in which the carriers and physical mechanisms of the processes of hot intense plastic deformation are explicitly considered. At deformation temperatures order of 0.5 homologous and above, recrystallization process have a special effect on the formation and change of the grain and defect material structure. The paper considers the problem of determining the critical deformation of dynamic recrystallization initiation, that depending on the material texture and the mutual misorientation of neighboring grains. Numerical experiments of the multilevel model are used to simulate two stages of inelastic deformation for this purpose. At the first stage, cold inelastic deformation by simple shear and compression is considered, that leading to the formation of a corresponding texture. At the second stage, uniaxial hot tension deformation is considered. The initial distribution of crystallographic grain orientation is assumed to be uniform. Two variants of the grains mutual misorientation with the prescribed increased and decreased values of the average misorientation angles are considered. The recrystallization process is not explicitly modeled. The current model is intended to assess the recrystallization critical deformation. It is shown that the mutual misorientation of grains, rather than texture, has the most influence on the critical deformation. An increase in the angle of grains mutual misorientation contributes to an earlier start of the dynamic recrystallization process. The formation of a deformation texture leads to a decrease in the angle of mutual misorientation, and, accordingly, to a decrease in dynamic recrystallization intensity. Despite this, with an increase of deformation, the driving force of recrystallization (the average value of the difference of stored energy between neighbor grains) is increases, which leads to the implementation of dynamic recrystallization.