Distribution Of Bacterial Isolates Research Articles

Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Wound Sepsis among Patients at Obigwe Orthopedic Clinic, Amorji Ubaha, Okigwe

Infection in wound delays healing and may cause wound breakdown, herniation, and complete wound dehiscence. This study investigated the isolation and identification of bacteria associated with wound sepsis. A total number of ten (10) swab samples were collected at random from the wound surface of patients with infected wounds. The swabs with the samples were analyzed using standard microbiological procedures. Bacterial isolates were characterized using their colonial, microscopic, and biochemical properties. Identification was with reference to Bergey's Manual. It was observed that Escherichia coli is the most frequently occurring isolates with a percentage occurrence of (25%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus with a percentage of (20%), then Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%), Klebsiella pneumonia (20%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (15%). The overall distribution of bacterial isolates from the wound samples indicated that the wound samples from the male patients have a higher percentage distribution of (80%) than the samples obtained from the female patients with (20%). This study revealed that various bacteria, including opportunistic bacteria, are found in different wounds. Some of the wounds were infected with more than one bacteria species at a time. Although complete eradication of wound infections is not possible, however, by adopting prompt, clean surgical procedures, proper care of wounds, and antibiotics, the incidence of wound infection may be limited to a minimum.

Development of a method for creating antibiograms for use in companion animal private practices.

To identify a method for developing antibiograms for use in companion animal private practices (PPs). Reports (n = 532) of aerobic bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018, at 11 PPs and 1 academic primary care practice (APCP). Data extracted from reports included patient identification number, laboratory accession number, patient signalment, collection method, body site, and results of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A custom antibiogram was then constructed with the help of commonly available software by adapting methods used by human hospitals. Susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated by PPs and the APCP were compared to identify challenges associated with collating data from multiple laboratories. 4 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius) and 3 bacterial groups (Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp, and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp) met the minimum requirement of ≥ 15 isolates for construction of an antibiogram. For urine samples, 3 bacterial species and 2 bacterial groups met the minimum requirement of ≥ 10 isolates. For samples from skin, 2 bacterial species and 2 bacterial groups met the minimum requirement of ≥ 10 isolates. Patient signalment, sample source, and distribution of bacterial isolates were similar between PP and APCP patients. Results demonstrated that it was feasible to adapt existing guidelines for developing antibiograms in human medicine to the veterinary outpatient setting. Use of antibiograms could aid in empirical antimicrobial drug selection in a manner that supports antimicrobial stewardship principles.

Clinical features of bleb-related infection: a 5-year survey in Japan

To present clinical features and microbial data for bleb-related infections obtained by the 5-year-long Japan Glaucoma Society Survey of Bleb-related Infection (JGSSBI). This multicentre prospective observational study was conducted in 82 clinical centres in Japan. A total of 170 bleb-related infections developed in 157 eyes of 156 patients during a 5-year period. The ophthalmological and microbial data were analysed. The patient age at first infection was 59.3 ± 17.7 years [mean ± standard deviation (SD)], and the period between the last glaucoma surgery and the first infection was 6.9 ± 5.8 years (mean ± SD; range: 0.3-41 years). Bleb leakage was noted significantly more frequently in eyes with repeated infections. The stage of infection at diagnosis was stage I in 91 infections (54%), stage II in 30 infections (18%), stage IIIa in 18 infections (11%), and stage IIIb in 31 infections (18%). Staphylococcus species were the most frequently isolated microbe (41%), followed by Streptococcus species (32%). Streptococcus species, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Enterococcus species were the major bacteria isolated in the late-stage infections. The JGSSBI project has revealed several characteristics of bleb-related infection in Japan, which include the significance of bleb leakage in the development of repeated infections and the distribution of bacterial isolates.