Distal Portion Of Femur Research Articles

Diagnostic value of different related contrast material in dual-energy CT virtual noncalcium for detecting traumatic bone marrow edema in knee joint

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of related contrast material (Rel.CM) of the dual-energy CT (DECT) virtual noncalcium (VNCa) for detecting acute traumatic bone marrow edema in knee joint. Methods A total of 17 patients (18 knees) with definite trauma history and knee joint disorders were prospectively enrolled. Conventional CT, VNCa and MRI images were obtained by MRI and DECT scan. Each knee was divided into 12 regions, respectively, to observe the performance of MRI and VNCa images. The diagnostic efficacy of different Rel. CM values (1.25, 1.45, 1.75) was analyzed for the knee traumatic bone marrow edema, select the best Rel. CM value. And the CT values of bone marrow and bone marrow damage were measured on VNCa of the optimal Rel. CM parameters. Using ROC to evaluate the efficacy of VNCa in different Rel. CM values for diagnosing traumatic bone marrow edema, the difference of CT value between bone marrow lesion and bone marrow in normal region of bone marrow was obtained by using rank sum test. Results DECT and MRI were performed in 17 patients (18 knees). Eighteen knees were divided into 216 areas. MRI showed 94 areas of bone marrow edema, including 35 in distal portion of femur, 59 in proximal tibia. Rel.CM values of 1.25, 1.45, 1.75 of the VNCa map were used to diagnose traumatic bone marrow edema in the knee with the area under the ROC curve of 0.643, 0.871, 0.656, respectively. Rel.CM with 1.45 VNCa diagram was the most accurate. The CT values of the bone marrow edema region and the normal region were-64.3 (-20.6 to-90.8) HU,-93.4 (-70.5 to-120.7) HU, respectively, on the VNCa graph with the optimal Rel.CM parameters (1.45) (Z=-8.270, P<0.05). Conclusions The VNCa image with a Rel.CM value of 1.45 has a better diagnostic performance for traumatic bone marrow edema in knee joint. CT value measurement in VNCa image can be used for quantitative analysis of traumatic bone marrow edema. Key words: Tomography, X-ray computed; Knee joint; Bone marrow edema; Related contrast material

Use of serum biomarkers to predict the development and severity of osteochondrosis lesions in the distal portion of the femur in pigs

To evaluate the use of serum biomarkers of cartilage and bone metabolism to predict the occurrence and severity of osteochondrosis (OC) lesions in the distal portion of the femur in growing swine. 71 gilts. At an abattoir, serum samples for analysis of 10 biomarkers indicative of cartilage and bone metabolism were obtained prior to processing of the pigs. The distal portion of each pig's left femur was directly examined and cut into longitudinal sections to evaluate the number and severity of abnormalities on the external surface, articular cartilage, and growth plate. Each specimen was categorized as with (n = 56) or without (15) OC, and an overall OC severity score was assigned to affected pigs. Logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to predict odds of OC on the basis of biomarker concentrations and predict the severity of OC values in affected pigs, respectively. Compared with values in unaffected pigs, serum concentrations of C-propeptide of type II collagen (CPII) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were significantly increased and concentrations of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type II collagen 3/4-length fragment (C2C) and pyridinoline cross-links were significantly decreased in affected pigs. A 2-fold increase in CPII concentration increased the odds of pigs having OC by a factor of 97 (95% confidence interval, 6 to infinity). Changes in serum C2C concentration accounted for 49% of the variation in overall OC severity score. Assessment of serum biomarker concentrations may be useful in the diagnosis of OC and aid in reduction of lameness in swine herds.

Effect of dietary nutrients on osteochondrosis lesions and cartilage properties in pigs

To evaluate dietary ingredients involved in cartilage and bone metabolism and their influence on osteochondrosis lesions in swine. 80 crossbred gilts (mean initial weight, 39 kg). Pigs (10 pigs/treatment) were fed a corn-soybean meal basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with additional minerals (copper and manganese or silicon), amino acids (proline and glycine; a combination of leucine, isoleucine, and valine; or methionine and threonine), or fatty acids (provided by fish oil) for 84 days. Pigs were then slaughtered and the distal portion of the left femur was collected for determination of osteochondrosis lesions at the femoral condyle. After evaluation of external joint surfaces, the distal portion of the femur was sectioned to evaluate lesions in the growth plate and articular cartilage. Additionally, a cartilage specimen was obtained from the patella for analysis. Pigs fed diets containing high amounts of methionine and threonine or the diet containing all additional ingredients had significantly lower total severity scores, compared with scores for pigs fed the control diet or a diet supplemented with fish oil. Pigs fed diets containing additional proline and glycine, copper and manganese, methionine and threonine, or all additional ingredients had significantly lower overall scores, compared with scores for pigs fed the control diet or a diet supplemented with fish oil. Dietary manipulation decreased the severity of osteochondrosis lesions, compared with results for pigs fed a control diet. However, additional research on optimal concentrations and combinations of dietary components is needed.