Dissimilar Form Research Articles

Analisis Strategi Penerjemahan Idiomatik Dalam Novel “ARTEMIS” Karya Andy Weir

Idioms are one of the most commonly used figurative expressions in literary works, and they are often referred to as a problem that machine translators can never solve. This study aims to discover the strategies used in translating idioms in the novel "Artemis" by Andy Weir. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data sources are idioms found in the book "Artemis" by Andy Weir. The results show that there are several translation strategies used in translating idioms in the novel "Artemis", namely Paraphrase, Similar Meaning and Form, Similar Meaning but Dissimilar Form, Omission of a Play on Idiom, Omission of the Entire Idiom, and Borrowing SL Idiom. Paraphrase is the most widely used idiom translation strategy, which is 30% of the total 74 data analyzed, and the least strategy is borrowing at 2% with only 6 data out of all the data analyzed. The findings in this study show that translators mostly apply the paraphrasing translation strategy because finding the same idiom in the target language is very difficult, so a paraphrasing strategy is needed so that the meaning contained in the source language can be conveyed well in the target language.

Translation Accuracy of English Idiomatic Expression into Indonesian in Soul Film Subtitle by Disney+ Retail

The difficulty of translating idiomatic expressions arises when there is no direct equivalent between the source and target languages. In order to discover how translators deal with those issues, this study aims to identify types of idiomatic expressions and examine the accuracy of Soul film subtitle with the inspection of strategies used by the translator. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by applying the classification of idioms based on McCarthy and O’dell’s theory, the strategy in translating idioms by Mona Baker, and the translation accuracy level by Nababan. The data was gathered by watching the film, reading the subtitles, and noting the idiomatic expressions present in the film. This study took 14 samples to be analyzed from the 98 data found in the source text. From all data, there are 8 types of idioms which are verb + object, prepositional phrases, compound, simile/simili, binomial, whole clause/sentence, cliché/fixed statements, and euphemisms. The translator used 5 strategies in translating the idioms which are using an idiom of similar meaning and form, using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrase, translation by omitting the play of the idiom, and translation by omitting the entire idiom. As for the accuracy, this study found 94 data of accurate translation, 2 translations of almost accurate, and 2 translations not accurate. However, it can be concluded that the translation has a high-level accuracy making the quality of the translated idioms in the subtitle is good, although it can be still improved. Keyword: Idiomatic expressions, translation strategy, and accuracy level

Strategies Used in Arabic-English Translation of Idioms in Samiha Krais’s Novel Al Qurmiya

This article aims at exploring the translation strategies adopted in translating from Arabic into English the idiomatic expressions found in Al Qurmiya, a historical novel by the Jordanian writer Samiha Krais (1998/2011). Fifty-five idioms in the Arabic text have been selected and compared with their counterparts in the English text with the aim of finding out how they have been translated. Applying Mona Baker’s (2018) idioms translation model, the researcher examines the translation strategies employed in the translated version The Tree Stump by Nesreen Akhtarkhavari (2019) and analyzes the extent of their effective transference of the meanings of the selected idioms from the source language into the target language. Results show that the strategies applied in the translation are similar to those in Baker’s model and that paraphrasing is the most frequently used strategy followed by the strategy of “using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form”.

CHALLENGES IN TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE IDIOMS WITH ANIMAL ELEMENTS AND SUGGESSTED TRANSLATION STRATEGIES

The translation of idioms poses significant challenges, particularly when cultural nuances and linguistic intricacies are involved. As an important cultural element of every language, idioms related to animals are not only one of the most interesting linguistic phenomena but also of largest concern among language translators regardless of the language pair translated. This paper explores the obstacles encountered in translating English-Vietnamese idioms containing animal elements, and equivalent translation strategies in addressing these hurdles. By examining the cultural, semantic, and syntactic disparities between the source and target languages, this study identifies the complexities inherent in rendering idiomatic expressions accurately. Additionally, the paper delves into four translation strategies, proposed by Baker (1992): (i) Using an idiom of similar meaning and form; (ii) Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form; (iii) Translating by paraphrase; and (iv) Translating by omission, in overcoming the challenges posed by idiomatic expressions with animal elements. Through a comprehensive analysis of real-world examples in English and Vietnamese idioms, this research provides insights into the complexities of idiomatic translation and offers practical recommendations for translators seeking to improve the accuracy and cultural relevance of translated content.

STRATEGIES USED IN TRANSLATING IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN THE SUBTITLE OF “BEAUTY AND THE BEAST” MOVIE

In translating text, translators have to be able to transfer one language into another language based on the culture, grammar and idiom in order to make the translation accurate. Hence, this research analyzed idiomatic expressions in the subtitles of Beauty and the Beast movie. It aimed to identify the types of strategies used by the translator and the meaning of idiomatic expressions found in the movie. The writer designed this research as descriptive qualitative research. In the process of analyzing the data, the researcher focuses on Baker’s idiomatic translation strategies applied by the translator to translate idiomatic expressions in the subtitles of Beauty and The Beast movie, which are similar meaning and form strategies, similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrasing and by omission. The results of this research showed that there were 10 data of idiomatic expressions, which are 3 data used idiomatic translation by similar meaning and form, 2 data used idiomatic translation by similar meaning but dissimilar form, 3 data used idiomatic translation by paraphrase, and 2 data used idiomatic translation by omission.

An Analysis of Translation of Idiomatic Expression in "The Perfect Date" Movie

The objective of this research is to analyze the translation of idiomatic expression in the movie titled The Perfect Date. The aims of the research are: (1) to find out what types of strategies applied in translating idiomatic expression from English to Indonesian in the subtitle of The Perfect Date movie, and (2) to find out what types of meaning equivalence found in the translation of idiomatic expression in The Perfect Date movie. Moreover, the researcher applied content analysis method using theories by Krippendorff to conduct the analysis. To answer the first problem in the formulated question, the researcher used theory from Mona Baker. The study found that 30 expressions are commonly used in The Perfect Date movie. The findings of the study are divided into four categories based on idiom translation strategies. The result shows there are 4 idioms translated using similar meaning and form, 1 idioms translated using similar meaning but dissimilar form, 24 idioms translated using translation by paraphrase, and 1 idiom translated using translation by omission. Translation by paraphrase is the most frequently used of translation strategies in the movie. To answer the second problem in the formulated question, the researcher used theory from Eugene A. Nida. The 30 idiomatic expressions are classified into two types of meaning equivalence. There are 4 idioms classified using formal equivalence and 26 idioms classified using dynamic equivalence. However, dynamic equivalence is the most frequently used of meaning equivalence in the movie.

Idiom-Translating Strategies in "Perahu Kertas” Novel by Dee Lestrari Translated by Tiffany Tsao

The rapid development of novel translations causes shifts in the word structure such as idioms where the meaning cannot be translated literally; thus, some strategies are needed in translating these idioms from the source language to the target language. This study aimed at identifying and analyzing the strategies used in idiom translating and the most dominant strategy used in “Perahu Kertas” novel by Dee Lestari to the English translated version translated by Tiffany Tsao. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative where the collected data later be analyzed according to Baker’s idiom translation. The results showed that 9 translations using similar meaning and form strategy, 8 translations using similar meaning and dissimilar form, 23 translations by paraphrasing, and 8 translations by omission. The paraphrasing was the most used strategy in this translation with a percentage of 48%.

A Translation Analysis of Negative Polarity Idioms in The Hate U Give Novel

<p>This research focuses in analysing negative polarity idioms found in the novel entitled <em>The Hate U Give</em>, the strategies used by the translator in translating the idioms, and the impacts of the strategies on the quality of the translation of negative polarity idioms in <em>The Hate U Give</em> novel in terms of accuracy and acceptability. There are 74 data of negative polarity idioms collected. The negative polarity idioms found are classified based on the negation expressed. This study indicates four strategies of translating idiom used by the translator of <em>The Hate U Give </em>novel. The strategies are: 1) using an idiom of similar meaning and form, 2) using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, 3) translation by paraphrase, and 4) translation by omission of a play on idiom. The results on the translation quality show that the translation is accurate and acceptable. The findings also reveal the impact of translation strategies on the quality of translation. The strategies which contribute to accurate translation are translation by using an idiom of similar meaning and form, using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, and translation by paraphrase. Meanwhile, for the acceptability aspect, all four strategies contribute to acceptable translation.</p>

A Quality Assessment of English Idiom Translation into Indonesian in Harry Potter and The Cursed Child

This study aims to determine the quality of idiom translation and identify strategies applied by the translator in translating English idiomatic expressions into Indonesian in Harry Potter and the Cursed Child by Jack Thorne, J.K. Rowling, and John Tiffany. In achieving these goals, this research uses mixed-method approaches. It is analyzed based on the Translation Quality Assessment (TQA) model by Nababan et al. (2012) and Baker’s theory about strategies for translating idioms (2018). Meanwhile, the data was collected through questionnaires distributed to the informants. The research finding showed that the translator applies five idiom translation strategies in 70 data. Based on the frequency, the idiom translation strategies are translation by paraphrase (58.6%), literal translation (27.1%), using the idiom with similar meaning but the dissimilar form (8.6%), using an idiom with similar meaning and form (4.3%), and translation by the omission of play of idiom (1.4%). Meanwhile, the average score for the accuracy of the translation is 2.8. The average score for the acceptability of the translation is 2,8, and the average score for readability is 2.8. Overall, the average score of the English idiom translation quality in Harry Potter and the Cursed Child books is 2,8, which indicates that the translation has good quality, in other words, most of the translation is accurate, acceptable, and easily understood by the target readers

An Analysis of Translation Strategies Used by Students in Translating Idioms at the Second Grade of SMA Kalam Kudus

The research is aimed at describing the strategies used by translator. The strategies here is that the translator deals with idioms. The study is qualitative analysis. The data of this study were analyzed by using two steps. First, analyzing the translation work and the reason why the translators did it. Second, writing them down and comparing the source text and the target text. The strategies used in the subtitle translation according to Baker’s theory consists of four strategies of translation, those are: translation by using an idiom of similar meaning and form, translation by using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrasing and translation by omission. There are 70 idiomatic expressions, which are divided into four part as the strategies used by the translator and, the dominant strategy used by Qoryati as the translator is translation by paraphrase which appears in 62 cases.3 of them were translated by omission. Meanwhile, 3 of them were translated by the strategy of translation using idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, and the last, 2 of them were translated by the strategy of translation using idiom of similar meaning and form. These strategies will help the translator to deal with the problems in translating idiomatics expressions in subtitle translation, these strategies are used in to make the result of translation not only enjoyable but also meaningful for the readers.

Strategy of Idiom Translation from English to Indonesian: The Case of the Novel Rich People Problems

In idiom translation, strategies are employed to find equivalent results from the source language to the target language. There are challenges in translating idioms. The purpose of this study is to find idiom translation strategies in the novel Rich People Problems. In addition to idiom translation strategies, this article also aims to classify idioms in the novel. This study used a qualitative method and was supported by quantitative data using sampling technique. As a result, as Baker (2018) explaines, this article has three idiom translation strategies. They are (1) translation using paraphrase, (2) translation by the omission of a play, and (3) translation by the omission of the entire idiom. However, there are three strategies that are not used in this article. They are borrowing the source language idiom, using an idiom of similar meaning and form, and using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form. Translation by paraphrasing is the most dominant strategy used to translate the idioms in this article, at a rate of 64.29%. In addition, this article also has the types of idioms proposed by Makkai (1972). These are (1) phrasal verb idioms, (2) tournure idioms, and the last (3) irreversible binomial idioms. Therefore, the main use of translating idioms by paraphrase may be due to time constraints for the translator due to the deadline for determining the idiom equivalences in the target language.

Arabic Translation of ‘The Murder on the Links’: Replacing Idioms with Idioms

The translation of idioms is an essential part of human interaction and involves not only words but also ideas and actions. This study examined the English idioms used by Agatha Christie in her novel, 'The Murder on the Links' , and how they were translated into Arabic as idioms by Elbaradei. The main objective of the study was to reveal the strategies adopted by the translator to overcome the problem of lack of equivalence, specifically when translating idioms into the target language. A qualitative analysis technique was used to identify Elbaradei's strategies and analyze the impact of using these strategies when deducing the meanings of idioms translated into Arabic. The analysis employed Baker's strategies for translating idioms that consist of the use of an idiom with a similar meaning but different form, the use of an idiom with similar meaning and form, paraphrasing, and omission. The two methods discussed in this paper are: (1) using an idiom with another idiom that has a similar meaning but dissimilar form, and (2) using an idiom with another idiom that has a similar meaning and form. This study discovered that using another idiom with the same meaning but in a different form is the most popular method of translating English idioms into Arabic, although previous research has shown that paraphrasing is the most popular method. Moreover, the results showed that most idioms are clearly rendered when translated into Arabic, making it easier to infer their meanings. Keywords: idiom, translation, strategies, Arabic, novel. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.60.67

Translation Strategies of Idiomatic Expressions in Marketing 4.0: Moving from Traditional to Digital Written by Philip Kotler

The research analyzes the translation strategies of idiomatic expressions found in a marketing monograph entitled Marketing 4.0: Moving from Traditional to Digital and Marketing 4.0: Bergerak Dari Tradisional ke Digital. This study aims to identify the use of translation strategies and the most used strategy to translate idiomatic expressions in those monographs. The theory applied in this study is from Mona Baker (2018). The results of this study revealed that the translation strategies found are using an idiom of similar meaning and form (SMF), using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form (SMDF), translation by paraphrase, and translation by the omission of a play on idiom. Moreover, the most frequently used strategy found is the paraphrasing strategy (69.23%). The results of this study are expected to provide a better understanding of translation strategies for idiomatic expressions to the readers.

Recording of pig neuronal activity in the comparative context of the awake human brain

Gyriform mammals display neurophysiological and neural network activity that other species exhibit only in rudimentary or dissimilar form. However, neural recordings from large mammals such as the pig can be anatomically hindered and pharmacologically suppressed by anesthetics. This curtails comparative inferences. To mitigate these limitations, we set out to modify electrocorticography, intracerebral depth and intracortical recording methods to study the anesthetized pig. In the process, we found that common forms of infused anesthesia such as pentobarbital or midazolam can be neurophysiologic suppressants acting in dose-independent fashion relative to anesthetic dose or brain concentration. Further, we corroborated that standard laboratory conditions may impose electrical interference with specific neural signals. We thus aimed to safeguard neural network integrity and recording fidelity by developing surgical, anesthesia and noise reduction methods and by working inside a newly designed Faraday cage, and evaluated this from the point of view of neurophysiological power spectral density and coherence analyses. We also utilized novel silicon carbide electrodes to minimize mechanical disruption of single-neuron activity. These methods allowed for the preservation of native neurophysiological activity for several hours. Pig electrocorticography recordings were essentially indistinguishable from awake human recordings except for the small segment of electrical activity associated with vision in conscious persons. In addition, single-neuron and paired-pulse stimulation recordings were feasible simultaneously with electrocorticography and depth electrode recordings. The spontaneous and stimulus-elicited neuronal activities thus surveyed can be recorded with a degree of precision similar to that achievable in rodent or any other animal studies and prove as informative as unperturbed human electrocorticography.

Translation Strategies of Idiomatic Expression in the Translation of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes into Indonesian

Translation is a bridge of language, and a bridge that is connecting one language to another and conveying messages from various angles. People share information, express their ideas and interact with others. This research was aimed to identify the types of idiomatic expression found in the novel and to analyse the strategies used in translating the idiom from English into Indonesian. This research applied qualitative method. The result of the analysis showed that from 53 data which have been analysed, there were similes with the occurrence of 7 data, binomials with the occurrence of 2 data, proverbs with the occurrence of 6 data, euphemisms with the occurrence of 2 data, clichés and fixed statement with the occurrence of 35 data and other language with the occurrence of 1 data. It showed that clichés and fixed statement are the most used idiom categories in the novel because they are easier to express rather than the other types of idioms. There were three strategies applied in the translation. They were an idiom of similar meaning and form, an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form and translation by paraphrase. The result showed that there are 9 idioms use the similar meaning and form, 19 idioms use similar meaning but dissimilar form and 25 idioms use the strategy of translation by paraphrase. The result showed that the translator mostly uses the strategy of translation by paraphrase because it is more understood for the readers.
 Keywords: idiom, types of idioms, translation strategies

Translation Strategies of English Idiomatic Expression in The Shawshank Redemption Movie Subtitle

The Shawshank Redemption movie is a meaningful movie which needs to knows more about. The objective of this research is to examine the translation strategy of idiomatic expressions used by the translator in The Shawshank Redemption movie subtitle. The data is obtained by watching closely The Shawshank Redemption movie repeatedly, note-taking, compare the idiomatic expression used by the characters and its translation strategies in the subtitle from the movie. The data that has been collected is translates using Baker’s Theory but descriptively outlined. The result of this research showed that there are 19 utterances of idiomatic expressions found in The Shawshank Redemption movie based on Seidl and McMordie’s (1988). All of 19 idiomatic expressions are classified based on Baker’s (1992) translation strategies into 4 idioms of similar meaning and form, none of idioms of similar meaning but dissimilar form, 10 translations by omission, and 5 translations by omission.

The Translation of Idioms from English into Indonesian: The Case of J.K. Rowling’s <em>Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince</em>

Idiom is a fixed group of words which has a particular meaning. Translating idioms to another language can be considered complicated and quite challenging because it cannot be translated word-by-word. This research aims to identify the types of idiom found in the novel Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and its translation strategies in Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran. The data used in the research were idioms found in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and idioms translation in Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran. The result shows that there are 270 idioms found in the novel. These idioms were classified into three types according to Chitra Fernando (1996). Most of the idioms belong to pure idiom with 137 idioms (50.9%), followed by semi idiom with 72 idioms (26.4%), and literal idiom with 61 idioms (22.7%). Furthermore, the translation strategies of these idioms were analyzed using the theory of idiom translation strategies by Mona Baker (1992) and Peter Newmark (1991). The most frequently applied strategy is translation by paraphrase with 222 idioms (82.2%), followed by literal translation with 28 idioms (10.4%), translation by using an idiom of similar meaning and dissimilar form of 14 idioms (5.2%), and finally translation by omission of 4 idioms (1.5%). Translation by paraphrase is the most frequently applied strategy because of the difficulty in finding equal idioms in target text.

Translation Strategies in Indonesian Subtitle and Dubbing of The Greatest Showman

Several studies have compared translation strategies to analyze subtitles and dubbing in movies, but few have compared the differences between the two mediums. This study compared the translation strategies used in movie subtitles and dubbing. Baker's (2018) translation strategies are used to analyze the Disney+ subtitle and dubbing of The Greatest Showman. Baker (2018) identifies 12 translation strategies used in the subtitle and dubbing: general word, more neutral/less expressive word, cultural substitution, loan word and explanation, paraphrase using related words, paraphrase using unrelated words, omission, idiom of similar meaning and form, idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, paraphrase, omission of a play on idiom, omission of entire idiom. One strategy, borrowing the source language idiom, employed by the dubbing is not found in the subtitle and one strategy, illustration, is not used in both. The fact that using the same strategy does not produce the same translation result shows that there are infinite interpretations. Keywords: translation strategies, subtitle, dubbing

Students’ Strategies in Translating English Idioms into Bahasa Indonesia of English Language Education

Some people find it hard to find the equivalent meaning of English idioms to the target language. This might be caused by their culture and different terms. This study aims to describe the strategies that students use in translating the English idioms into Bahasa Indonesia. The researchers used descriptive qualitative research, and the subjects of this research were 50 students batch 2017 of English Department Universitas Lambung Mangkurat in translation class. The instruments to collect the data were a test and a questionnaire. The data analysis applied was descriptive analysis which involves organize it, divide it into manageable units, and summarize it. The findings showed that the students used four strategies. First, they used idioms of similar meaning and form strategies. Second, students translated using the idioms of similar meaning, but dissimilar form strategies. Students who don’t know the same idioms from the SL used the third strategy, translation by paraphrase to see the entire context and paraphrase to find the meaning, change the idiom to non-idiom is easier to understand the meaning. The last strategy is translation by omission, if paraphrasing idioms is difficult then students will be omitted the entire idioms or sentences.

Kletzer’s Direttissima

Abstract Kletzer believes that, by focusing upon permission, we can derive the law’s obligatory power from the idea that the world is normatively inert. In a normatively inert world, everything is permitted. Consequently, if the law operates by permitting the use of force, it requires no deep normative underpinning: it could even invoke moral nihilism as its basis. Although ingenious, this argument faces two formidable problems. Firstly, in a normatively inert world, permissions can have causal effects but no normative effects. And secondly, the normatively inert world cannot be assumed as an uncontentious given or derived from the shortfall between what is and what ought to be, as Kletzer supposes. It requires a contestable metaphysics. Although accepting the unity of practical reason, Kletzer rejects the traditional natural law position on the grounds that law and morality are of dissimilar form, so that law cannot be grounded in morality. At the same time, he fails to offer any explanation of that difference in form. Once we have a satisfactory explanation of this difference, we see that it is precisely the difference in form between law and morality that enables us to understand law’s basis in morality. Individual moral engagement and reflection can flourish only within communities governed by law.