Dissemination Of Technical Information Research Articles

Influence of friction between wood and support elements in the design of timber structures for roofing

Throughout history, wood has played a crucial role in all phases of building construction. Despite existing prejudices in Brazil regarding its use in structural systems, primarily due to the lack of dissemination of technical information, wood is gradually gaining more space in the market as a viable and environmentally sustainable alternative. With exceptional mechanical properties, wood is compatible with other widely used construction materials in the Brazilian structural market, such as concrete and steel. In this context, this research aims to analyze the influence of considering the friction coefficient caused by the sliding of the support with free horizontal displacements in isostatic trusses, investigating its impact on the design of the components that make up the truss. Such sliding generates a lateral friction force that promotes a restraining effect on the structure, potentially relieving stresses on the lower chord members. For this purpose, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used as an analytical tool, supported by the iTruss verification software to validate the obtained results. By considering the frictional force generated on the support links of the analyzed trusses, the numerical results revealed changes in the design of structural profiles for all existing wood strength classes (D20, D30, D40, D50, and D60) in situations of friction between wood and wood, and between wood and concrete. A reduction in the volume of wooden pieces was observed, ranging from 5.88% to 8.54%, suggesting that the inclusion of the friction coefficient during structural calculations can result in savings, not only from a financial standpoint but also promoting environmental benefits by encouraging a more responsible use of wood in civil construction.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF POTATO PLANTING MATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

The study examined the factors influencing the adoption of potato planting material technologies in the central agricultural zone of Plateau State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 306 potato farmers randomly from the study area. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, adoption index, logit regression and factor analysis. The result revealed that 74.8% of the potato farmers were males, with a mean age of 40 years. The study further revealed that majority (91.2%) of the respondents had a form formal education with a mean household size of 6 persons. The results from the adoption index showed that seed tuber technology was highly adopted with an adoption score of 5.96, cutting seed technology with 2.52 and true potato seed technology with adoption score of 1.81. The results of logit regression revealed that household, labour and other occupations other than potato farming all significantly influenced adoption of potato planting technologies. The result of factor analysis revealed the major constraints faced by farmers to include poor technical information, economic problem, inadequate resources, environmental problem, pathological problem and technological problem. The study concluded that seed tuber potato planting technology was the most highly adopted in the study area. The study recommended that the dissemination of technical information should be increased by ensuring more contacts with farmers by extension agents; and proper soil, water, pest and disease management practices should be intensified among farmers.

Performance Evaluation & Operation of DSP Control UPS System

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a power conditioner that provides emergency power to a load when the supply power fails. In on-line UPS, the load is always connected to the inverter through the UPS static switch. Specialized expertise was required for collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information relating to high quality uninterruptible power systems. Inherent in these responsibilities is the coordination of technical and contractual matters relating to the procurement and installation of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems which were required to support these facilities. The proposed circuit incorporates an AC/DC & DC & AC converter, which provided power factor correction and to assure feedback control. In our project when the AC main is available, the rectifier circuit will supply the power to the inverter as well as to the battery and battery will be charged. If the supply power fails suddenly, the battery will supply power to the inverter without any interruption and delay. In the constant current charging technique, a digital charger was designed and controlled through PIC12F675 microcontroller. In the realized system, The PIC16C73B was used as microcontroller. It was used to generate sinusoidal PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals that are connected to drive n-channel MOSFETs in inverter to assure feedback control and display units. The power circuit of the proposed UPS system was presented and analyzed. Circuit models were derived and a UPS digital control system using a digital signal processing (DSP) with microcontroller has been developed. The uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) are widely used by power supply during interruption of regular power supply due to load shedding, power failure, power fluctuations including telecommunication systems, medical systems, industrial control systems etc.

Performance Evaluation and Operation of DSP Control UPS System

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a power controller that gives emergency electricity to a load when the mains energy fails. In on-line UPS, the load is always connected to the inverter though the UPS static switch. Specialized expertise is required for collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information relating to high quality uninterruptible power systems. Inherent in these responsibilities is the coordination of technical and contractual matters relating to the procurement and installation of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems which are required to support these facilities. The proposed circuit incorporates an AC/DC & DC/AC converter, which provides power factor correction and to assure feedback control. In our project when the AC main is available, the rectifier circuit will supply the power to the inverter as well as to the battery and battery will be charged. If the supply power fails suddenly, the battery will supply power to the inverter without any interruption and delay. In the constant current charging technique, a digital charger is designed and is controlled through PIC12F675 microcontroller. In the realized system, The PIC16C73B was used as microcontroller. It was used to generate sinusoidal PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals that are used to drive n-channel MOSFETs in inverter to assure feedback control and display units. The power circuit of the proposed UPS system is presented and analyzed. Circuit models are derived and a UPS digital control system using a digital signal processing (DSP) with microcontroller is developed. The uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) are widely used as standby power supply during interruption of regular power supply due to load shedding, power failure, power fluctuations including telecommunication systems, medical systems, industrial control systems etc. Keywords: Uninterruptible power supply, PIC12F675 microcontroller, Pulse Width Modulation, MOSFET, power fluctuations

Implementing an Innovative Educational Program Delivery Strategy to Teach 2014 Farm Bill Changes to Ohio Farmers and Landowners

The timing and complexity of the 2014 Farm Bill required quick dissemination of technical information to allow participants to make decisions affecting risk management strategies for their farms. Using existing organizational structures and incorporating a team approach allowed Ohio State University Extension educators to successfully meet the educational needs of Ohio's farmers and landowners. Program success followed due to Extension's commitments to providing proper training, support, and reward to educators and to working cooperatively with external agencies to achieve the identified outcomes.

Emerging Frontiers: Frontiers in Technology Dissemination

President's column I must write my final column, before next month’s recap, on the most fundamental mission of SPE, our core purpose, our raison d’etre: the dissemination of technology. More precisely, I am talking about the part SPE plays in the dissemination of independent, unbiased, trusted, and reliable technical information and knowledge. SPE is recognized worldwide for its role in this area and it is the topic that makes up the heart of our mission statement, which incidentally has not changed in 35 years. The rationale for quality technical information dissemination and knowledge sharing is at least twofold. Firstly, for individual members to progress in their career and take on more challenging roles of increasing responsibility, they must develop, maintain, and improve their skills and expertise through knowledge sharing and by having access to quality, reliable technical information. Secondly, the value proposition of most companies in our industry hinges on the technical expertise of its people, so it is necessary to continually develop employee expertise as a competitive advantage. A large part of this development comes from SPE-provided literature, training, and knowledge gained from conferences, workshops, and forums. Many of our knowledge domains are undergoing rapid change, which elevates the importance of SPE’s ability to share technical information and knowledge in a timely manner. Deepwater exploration, shale gas and shale oil production, subsea development, and heavy oil recovery are a few examples of subjects for which yesterday’s technical information is inadequate. The globalization and remoteness of our industry’s workforce is another reason we must continually advance the ways in which we distribute technical information. Finally, the retirement of many of our longest-tenured experts requires that we accelerate the learning of the younger professionals and the efficient dissemination of quality technical information is the key. Technical Quality If your mission and livelihood is to disseminate technical information, the quality of the information is paramount and must override any measure of timeliness, affordability, accessibility, or availability. If you do not have the utmost confidence in the quality of the technical information or the knowledge being shared, it does not matter the user-friendliness of getting the information. There is no doubt that the number of technical presentations and papers being written has grown rapidly over the last decade, tied to the significant growth in the number of conferences and workshops.

The Public Domain, the National Interest, and the Fate of the NASA Technical Reports Server

On March 20, 2013, the NASA Technical Reports Server was taken off line. This vital repository of aerospace knowledge has become a focal point for a discussion on the public dissemination of technical information: it raises questions as to what is the true meaning of the "Public Domain." NASA Administrator Charles F. Bolden, prompted by Rep. Frank R. Wolf (R-Va), directed a thorough reevaluation of the contents of NASA public servers. At the time of this writing, only a fraction of the original data repository has been made generally accessible again. This manuscript introduces and reviews modern legal theories governing intellectual property law. It seeks to find policy positions whereby historical, but competitively sensitive information can be restricted from world-wide dissemination but once again be made available to hard-working U.S. nationals who further the progress of science and useful arts through their scholarship in aeronautics and space. Precedent for new law may be found in the Semiconductor Protection Act of 1984.

Improving Technical Information Use: What Can Be Learnt from a Manager’s Perspective?

Conservation practice reportedly suffers from low use of technical information. Understanding of factors that affect the influence of technical information on management decision-making is limited. We sought to identify leverage points for improved technical information dissemination in the New South Wales Parks and Wildlife Service, Australia, given the significant recent investments in monitoring and evaluation that had been made. We did so by exploring the inter-relationships between factors affecting the influence of different information types on management decisions. Results indicate that managers have a high inclination toward adaptive behavior, given they operate in an information poor environment. The most influential types of information were those that enabled interaction between information provider and recipient (e.g., staff experience and expertise). An analysis of the concordance in individuals' responses for different information types showed that neither accessibility nor organizational expectation of use was aligned with influence on decision-making. Alignment of responses also varied by work area. Raising expectations of information use or increasing access to particular types of information is therefore unlikely to result in an increase in influence on management decision-making. Rather than focussing on matching accessibility and expected use of particular information types, our results indicate that technical information uptake is best supported through existing peer networks tailored to specific work areas.

アジアにおける科学技術情報流通の状況調査

現在，科学技術情報流通の世界では，IT技術の発達や科学技術情報の世界規模での広がり等を要因として，外資系企業を中心に世界的な販売展開がなされている。JSTの情報事業のみならず，情報提供事業を行う機関は，自国内で展開する事業展開だけでなく，グローバルな視点の事業展開の立案が必要になっている。そこで2012年に，アジア諸国・地域の科学技術情報流通に関する状況を調査した。まず，アジア各国・地域における科学技術情報流通のポテンシャルを調査した。次にアジア諸国・地域で，日本の科学技術情報ニーズを調査した。最後に，今後どのような形態での科学技術情報の流通が求められるかを調査した。それらの結果を報告し考察する。

Pathogens and antibiotic residues in animal manures and hygienic and ecological risks related to subsequent land application

The practice of spreading of livestock wastes onto land used for the production of food or animal feeds is widely regarded as the least environmentally damaging disposal method, however, the practice is still fraught with pitfalls such as N pollution of air and water and significant microbiological risks. Therefore this paper focuses on some of the latest developments that provide new insights into the microbiological safety of animal manures, the related treatment options and the spreading the products onto land. In conclusion the paper stresses the need to fully address issues concerning environmental contamination and transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria through livestock manure, improve current environmental regulations regarding manure management practice and coordination of research activities and dissemination of technical information.

3rd Annual Austin Conference on Integrated Systems & Circuits (ACISC), Meeting in ‟The Silicon Hills of the USA„ on May 7–9, 2008

Meeting in the Silicon Hills of the USA on 7-9 May, 2008 To be held this spring at the UT-Austin Commons Conference Center located on the J.J. Jake Pickle Research Campus of The University of Texas at Austin, ACISC serves as a local forum for the dissemination of technical information and advances in electronic technology at chip, board and system levels, covering design, CAD methodology, and testing.

The early development and rapid growth of gas chromatographic instrumentation in the United States.

The role of the American instrument companies involved in the development and manufacturing of gas chromatographic (GC) instruments up to about 1962 is reviewed. In addition, the origin of some supply houses is discussed and the role of the instrument companies in the dissemination of technical information is emphasized. Finally, some data are given on the worldwide GC market, and its expected evolution in the near future is outlined.

The development of patent information services as exemplified in Luxembourg's Technology Watch Centre

A study of the regional economic structure of Luxembourg reveals that some companies are keeping pace with information and communication technologies. They are networked, they surf the Internet, and they exchange e-mails. (Many) others, however, own and work with outmoded tools and are unable to invest time and money in acquiring this new technology. Does this mean that they should be written off? Certainly not. We must offer a range of services to enable all enterprises to work, produce, act and innovate. Computers are always going to make their presence felt in the field of information. The Technology Watch Centre (CVT) of the Centre de Recherche Public (CRP) Henri Tudor in Luxembourg is therefore in the process of setting up a range of technical patent information services under a co-operation programme with the European Patent Office. These services range from the provision of a reading room enabling companies and individuals to access the EPO’s CD-ROM ESPACE collections and esp@cenet ® system to the evaluation of Intranet technology for the dissemination of technical information to a group of high-tech companies based at the Technoport.

Volunteer Leadership: Mainstay of MRS

BULLETIN: Is there one particular item on your agenda for MRS in 1989 that you believe needs to receive highest priority?CHANG: Having spent the time putting together a preliminary 5-10 year plan for MRS, I find that we have several areas of priority for 1989: 1. The Headquarters needs a new computer/software system immediately in order to keep the Society moving smoothly. 2. The ratio of the Society reserve to cash flow has fallen precipitously over the last couple of years due to our rapid growth. This needs to be taken care of starting this year. 3. MRS needs to work with other materials societies to better serve the materials community at large. 4. MRS needs more activities at the Section and Chapter levels. 5. Increased visibility is needed for Journal of Materials Research in 1989.BULLETIN: We've heard many explanations for the particularly rapid expansion of MRS membership and activities. Can you give us your perspective on what the underlying driving force behind this growth is?CHANG: MRS is a member-driven society, and because of this many opportunities are made possible. We provide the best opportunity for members to organize new and novel materials symposia. Our meetings are structured to enhance cross fertilization among the various materials disciplines. We emphasize quality in whatever we do with our limited resources. We have a first-rate publications department that provides rapid dissemination of technical information. In short, our members are involved in every aspect of MRS operations, and their good ideas are always implemented.

Waiting for the Body Count: Corporate Decision Making and Bladder Cancer in the U.S. Dye Industry

Scientists in Europe determined in the early part of the 20th century that beta‐naphthylamine (BNA) and benzidine, two chemicals widely used in the production of dyes, were potent bladder carcinogens. Yet the accumulation and dissemination of scientific information about occupational bladder cancer had little impact on U.S. dye producers with regard to protecting the health of workers in their employ. As a result, hundreds of workers developed bladder cancer. This case study explores the worker protection policies of four U.S. dye manufacturers and demonstrates that these corporations allowed uncontrolled exposure to occur until the human cost became so obvious that it was no longer possible to ignore. These data underscore the limitations of voluntary corporate compliance with workplace health and safety regulation, and suggest the need for more active governmental involvement in the dissemination of technical information to employers, unions, and the public.

New UPS System Configuration that Will Improve Energy Efficiency

The Communications/Electronics Facilities Project Office of the Chesapeake Division, Naval Facilities Engineering Command (Code FPO-2), was established as the overall center of technical expertise for the Department of the Navy with respect to engineering, design and construction of Navy communications and electronics facilities. Specialized expertise is required for collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information relating to high quality uninterruptible power systems, and to monitor advances in the state-of-the-art for applicability with respect to Navy requirements. Inherent in these responsibilities is the coordination of technical and contractual matters relating to the procurement and installation of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems which are required to support these facilities. In fulfilling this responsibility, the Communications/Electronics Facilities Project Office awards multi-year procurement contracts for UPS equipment and necessary technical data; provides Integrated Logistic Support (ILS) plans, parts provisioning and software; and establishes the overall configuration management policy for the identification, control and status accpunting of UPS configuation.

Gay-Lussac, Scientist and Bourgeois

Preface Chronological table List of abbreviations 1. A young provincial in Paris 2. The apprentice of Arcueil 3. Personal influences and the search for laws 4. Collaboration and rivalry 5. The volumetric approach 6. Scientific research 7. Professor, academician and editor 8. A scientist in the service of government and industry 9. A new technique and the dissemination of technical information 10. Scientist and bourgeois in the political arena 11. The legacy Appendix Notes Select bibliography Name index Subject index.

Forthcoming events bulletin

Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division employs about 1,000 people engaged on pharmaceutical research and development. These are at present distributed over five major and several minor research sites. Each major site has an Information Unit and a Library: these work in co‐ordination and certain tasks are undertaken by one unit on behalf of all the others. Walton Oaks is responsible for disseminating information on forthcoming events. An account of the system used in this organization for selective dissemination of technical information by means of an information bulletin has been published. The system in use for the dissemination of details of forthcoming events such as conferences, lectures, exhibitions and courses of interest to the Research Division is somewhat similar. As little seems to have been published on such systems it seems worth while to describe the methods currently used here.

Transferring technology PENNTAP style

PENNTAP-the Pennsylvania Technical Assistance Program-is a statewide scientific and technical information dissemination network. In ten years of developing and refining its technology transfer system, PENNTAP has learned that individualized information delivery is essential to successful technology transfer. PENNTAP provides this individualized service, assisting clients in interpretation and application of the information as well as delivering it to them. With the quantity of scientific and technical information doubling every eight years, it is impossible for any one person to keep up with all new information that might have application to an area of concern. PENNTAP enables organizations to obtain information that is both current and relevant to their needs by delivering existing knowledge to those who can use it for the expressed purpose of producing results.

College: industry liaison

The Minister of Technology announced recently that, since April 1964, when the Industrial Liaison Scheme was first started, 18 technical colleges had appointed industrial liaison officers and 18 others were in the process of making appointments. Four further colleges had the matter under review, and it was proposed very shortly to invite another 20 to 30 colleges to take part in the scheme. The prime aim of this liaison, however, is to serve as an aid to the greater dissemination of technical information and scientific and technological resources. Way down in the list of these officers' duties comes the matter of furthering relations and information about the nature and scope of the courses and facilities available at their colleges.