Dissection Hall Research Articles

Can indoor plants reduce formaldehyde levels in the anatomy dissection hall? A study to evaluate the practicality of using plants in reducing formaldehyde levels

Background Formaldehyde a commonly used embalming fluid for the preservation of cadavers, produces numerous short and long-term side effects on the students and staff working with it. Indoor plants have been shown to reduce atmospheric formaldehyde levels. The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of indoor plants in reducing formaldehyde levels in ambient air to levels deemed safe by WHO standards Methods The study was conducted in the storage room of the Anatomical dissection hall. 7 potted plants of one variety were kept in the storage room for 14 days and the Formaldehyde reading was measured using a VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) monitor. Then the same was done with no plant. This cycle was repeated 2 more times, with two different plant species. The three spieces of plants used for this study were as follows: Dracaena trifasciata, Epipremnum aureum, Spathiphyllum. Results The results were analysed and compared and it was determined that the effect of having a plant present versus having no plant present on the Formaldehyde concentration in the air was inconclusive as Dracaena trifasciata failed to reject the null hypothesis altogether (p-value>0.05), while Epipremnum aureum and Spathiphyllum rejected the null hypothesis (p-value<0.05), however they both had a weak positive correlation with formaldehyde concentration. Conclusion The efficacy of indoor plants in reducing formaldehyde levels in ambient air needs to be further explored and validated since all the prior studies conducted were in controlled environment and should be done in a real time scenario for its practical and beneficial uses.

Quantitative and qualitative assessment of airborne microorganisms during gross anatomical class and the bacterial and fungal load on formalin-embalmed corpses

Mold growth on body donations remains an underreported yet serious issue in anatomical teaching. Bacterial and fungal growth pose health risks to lecturers and students, alongside with ethical and aesthetic concerns. However, limited information exists on the presence of bacteria and fungi on body donations and their underlying causes. To investigate the potential impact of airborne germs on body donation contamination, we conducted indoor air measurements before, during, and after our anatomical dissection course, with outdoor measurements serving as a control. Tissue samples from the dissected body donations were collected to assess the germ load, with qualitative and quantitative microbiological analyses. Air samples from the dissection hall contained no fungi, but various fungal species were identified in the adjacent stairways and outdoors which implies that fungal occurrence in the dissection hall air was independent of lecturers’ and students’ presence. Moreover, our results indicate that adequate ventilation filters can effectively reduce indoor fungal germs during courses, while the bacterial load in room air appears to increase, likely due to the presence of lecturers and students. Additionally, the tissue samples revealed no bacterial or fungal germs which implies that our ethanol-formalin-based embalming solution demonstrates an effective long-term antimicrobial preservation of corpses.

Use of Humour in Learning Anatomy in a Better Way in Lecture Theatre or Dissection Hall - A Questionnaire Based Study

Background: First year medical students normally experience a variety of emotional reactions and mixed feelings, when they encounter human cadavers for the first time. With changing curriculum, peer pressure, stressful work conditions, etc. it becomes tough or even difficult to relax our mind. Humour has been shown to boost motivation, improve problem-solving skills, and foster creativity and critical thinking. It also promotes a happy learning atmosphere and reduces examination anxiety. The purpose of this study was to assess opinions of medical students about using humour while learning Anatomy in acquiring excellence in clinical skills and knowledge. Material & Methods: 258 medical students participated in the study and responded to the paper-based questionnaire. The student questionnaire comprised of sixteen questions related to attitudes towards the use of humour in the subject of anatomy in lecture and dissection hall. The responses were collected and the data was then compiled and analysed. Results: 83.72% to 93.79% of students believed in the usefulness of humour in anatomy theory lectures in terms of increasing interest in learning Anatomy, making them less anxious in recalling the muscle attachment, concentrate better on the topic. All the students were of opinion that the use of humor created a comfortable classroom atmosphere that makes the learning experience more positive and helpful in improving rapport between student and teacher. A very low evaluation was observed that use of humour during teaching distracts attention of the students and wastage of time. Inappropriate humour related to sarcasm, mockery received 226(87.59%) evaluation. Students 203(78.68%) also emphasized the use of dark humour to cope with morbidity and stress during dissection. Ad-libbed humour was considered to be the most effective form of humour. Most students emphasized that humour worked best in a small amount i.e. 2-3 times of humorous remarks. Conclusion: Keeping in mind the effectiveness of the system of anatomy instruction it seems logical that the subject should be learned with humor. The present study confirms that most medical students support the use of humour in teaching anatomy topics.

Sternalis Muscle Profile: A Cadaveric Study

Background: Sternalis muscle is an additional muscle of anterior chest wall present in the superficial plane occasionally. It can be unilateral or bilateral. It is attached below to ribs or costal cartilages and above to the upper part of sternum. Its fibres may fuse with pectoralis major, sternocleidomastoid muscle or external oblique aponeurosis. Purpose of study: To study the profile of sternalis muscle in cadavers. Material and methods: During a time period of ten years, 50 adult cadavers were dissected in the dissection hall of Anatomy department of Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha. During the dissection of anterior chest wall a bilateral strap like muscle was found in one male cadaver. Morphometry of this muscle was done. The nature of muscle fibres, length, distance from the midline and angle with the midline was measured. Results: Bilateral sternalis muscle was found in one male cadaver. It was extending from the fifth rib 3 cm lateral to the lateral border of sternum to the sternal angle on both the sides. Lower part of the muscle was fleshy while its upper part was tendinous. On the right side, its tendon was bifurcating into medial and lateral lamina in the upper part of the muscle. The fleshy part of the muscle was 8 cm, medial lamina 4.5 cm and lateral lamina was 3 cm in length. On the left side, muscle was 13 cm in length with a single tendon. Conclusion: The early detection is essential in regular mammogram screening to differentiate it from the malignant lesions. This muscle is a matter of interest for anatomists, radiologists and surgeons for doing surgeries on anterior chest wall. KEYWORDS: Mammography, lamina, Pectoralis major muscle, Sternalis muscle, Sternocleidomastoid muscle, Sternum.

Effect of periodic exposure to formaldehyde in the anatomy laboratory on some haematological indices in male Wistar rats

Background: The effect of periodic exposure to formaldehyde on some haematological indices in male Wistar rat was studied.
 Materials and Methods: The Wistar rats were divided into three groups A,B and C with 5 animals in each group. Group A served as control with nil exposure while groups B and C were the test groups with 5 months exposure on non-dissection days and dissection days respectively. Formaldehyde air level was measured both at experimental and control sites. Some haematological parameters measured include Red blood cell count, Haemoglobin concentration, White blood cell count: total and differential, and platelet count. Statistical analysis was done using Graph Pad Prism version 5.0. Results were presented as Mean ± SEM. Analysis of Variance was used to compare the means of test and control values while post hoc test was done using Student Newman Keul’s test and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
 Results: Results revealed significant increase in formaldehyde air level in the dissection hall. There was significant increase in total white blood cell count when compared with control while red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration and platelet count were not significant.
 Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that periodic exposure to formaldehyde in the Anatomy laboratory may have no effect on most haematological indices in Wistar rats although the white blood cells may be affected.

The Sun Also Rises: Tracing the evolution of humanistic values in anatomy pedagogy and research, including cadaveric acquisition practices.

Anatomy has always been at the intersection of the socio-cultural and political landscape, where new ideas constantly replace older wisdom. From ancient Egyptians through the Greeks, and then the Romans, finally culminating into the European Renaissance-all the significant eras of human civilisation have left their insignia and distinct marks on the evolution of anatomical practices. Despite its utility as a tool for anatomy pedagogy and research that has proven its worth over millennia, cadaveric dissection has particularly been subject to political and social vicissitudes. A major debate about anatomical dissection lay with the ethical considerations, or its lack thereof, while acquiring corpses for demonstration in the dissection halls. From antiquity, anatomical dissection-often synonymous with medical studies-had typically been carried out on the dead bodies of executed criminals with certain laws, such as the Murder Act of 1752, facilitating such uses. Gradually, the uses of unclaimed bodies, resourced primarily from the impoverished sections of society, were also introduced. However, these body acquisition protocols often missed the crucial element of humanism and ethical considerations, while knowledge augmentation was taken as sufficient reasoning. Unfortunately, a gross disregard towards humanistic values promulgated heinous and illegal practices in acquiring corpses, including grave robbery and even murders like in the case of Burke and Hare murders of 1828. Follow-up legislation, such as the Anatomy Act of 1832, and comparable laws in other European nations were passed to curb the vile. What distils from such a historical discourse on humane values in anatomy dissection, or medical science in general, is that the growth and integration of humanism in anatomy have never been linear, but there were intermittent and, yet, significant disruptions in its timeline. For example, there were serious human rights violations in anatomical practices during the Third Reich in Germany that perpetrated the holocaust. The medical community has kept evolving and introducing new moral values and principles while using such egregious events as lessons, ultimately resulting in the Declaration of Helsinki in 1964. This article revisits the heterogeneous journey of integrating humanistic values in anatomy practice. Such humanistic traits that, like medical science, have also developed over centuries through the inputs of physicians, researchers, and philosophers-from Greece to modernity with an important stopgap at the Renaissance-are a fascinating lore that deserves to be re-envisioned through the lens of contemporary values and ethos. In parallel to human medicine, humanistic values continue to influence veterinary medicine, a welcome development, as our society condemns animal cruelty in any form. There are lessons to be learned from this historical journey of how humanism shaped many of the concepts that anatomists use now. Finally, and most importantly, it might prevent the medical community from repeating the same mistakes by cautioning against the traps that are there, and in a convoluted world where morality as such is eroding from our social fabric, will always be there. Such historical account acts as a righteous, ethical, and contextual compass to guide the existing and upcoming anatomists in discerning between light and dark, right and wrong, and roads-to be or not to be-taken.

Measuring low formaldehyde exposure values in the dissection hall after embalming human body donors with ethanol-based fixation methods

The dissection course plays a central role in teaching anatomy and body donors are also needed in clinical-anatomical courses. In order to reduce formaldehyde exposure of students, participants and staff during these courses, we employed fixation solutions with low formaldehyde content. In this study, we present two ethanol-based protocols, and elucidate their suitability for the dissection process and compliance with occupational exposure limits for formaldehyde and other hazardous substances. Body donors were fixed according to an ethanol- based fixation protocol for the dissection course or an ethanol-glycerin-based fixation protocol for specialist training courses. The quality of fixation was determined during the dissection process. Exposure to hazardous substances (formaldehyde, ethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol) was measured in a regular dissection course setting at different locations (room-related and person-related measurements), and exposure indices were calculated. The quality of fixation of both methods was good and fulfilled all requirements of the student dissection course and the specialist training courses, respectively. Exposure to all hazardous substances remained well below the exposure limits. Room-related air concentration measurements were 0.073/0.058 mg/m³ (2016/2017) for formaldehyde and 65/107 mg/m³ (2016/2017) for ethanol. Person-related measurements amounted to 0.107-0.229 mg/m³ for formaldehyde and 268- 388 mg/m³ for ethanol. Room-related and person- related concentrations of 2-phenoxyethanol remained below the detection limit. The ethanol-based embalming protocols presented here offer a good alternative for the different applications. The protocols are discussed regarding current regulations and further measures to reduce formaldehyde exposure.

Rare and Combined Hepatic Artery Variants as Seen in Cadaveric and Postmortem Investigations: Anatomical Implications in Surgical Practice

Context: Vascular variations are an unexpected finding during cadaveric dissections, postmortems, and surgical and diagnostic angiographic procedures. Usually, such abnormalities are asymptomatic, but the existence of hepatic vasculature anomalies might cause accidental injuries to the vasculature while performing surgical procedures. Aim: This study aimed to dissect human cadavers and postmortem specimens and to examine the variations of the hepatic artery system. Materials and Method: This study was conducted on 50 specimens, with 22 conducted in the dissection hall cadavers, while 28 were collected from the postmortem among the South Indian population irrespective of age and sex and investigated for variant hepatic arteries. The data were collected between January 2014 and December 2015. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that the common hepatic artery (CHA) originated directly from the aorta in 2%, and it was trifurcated into the right hepatic artery (RHA), left hepatic artery (LHA), and gastroduodenal artery (GDA) in 8%. It continued only as the LHA in 16% and only as RHA in 4%. The RHA arises from CHA in 8%, from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in 10%, from GDA in 4%, and from replaced CHA in 2%. The GDA accounted for 4% of the accessory RHA's origin, while the proper hepatic artery (PHA) accounted for 2%. The LHA from the CHA in 8% replaced the origin from the left gastric artery (LGA) in 4% and replaced CHA in 2%. The middle hepatic artery was noticed in 62% of the specimens. Conclusion: Surgeons and radiologists participating in angiographic procedures must have up-to-date knowledge of hepatic artery normal variant abnormalities.

DISSECTION HALL ETHICS: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Anatomy is the key to various streams of medical profession. To attain proper knowledge of subject, the student must go through the dissection hall in very first year of his professional life. Cadaver always remains the grace of dissection hall, which not only makes the department of anatomy alive but also facilitates practice of clinical techniques for safe clinical practice. Thus, for medical scholars it is must to have some basic ethical knowledge about good conduct in dissection hall and understanding moral values in regards to cadaver. This review highlights the ethics in context to dissection laboratory for being the first place of clinical practice.

Morphological Study of Right and Left Coronary Artery: A Cadaveric Study

INTRODUCTION: The coronary arteries furnish the heart with its special arterial supply. The right coronary artery descends into the coronary sulcus after emerging from the right aortic sinus. The left coronary artery, which arises from the left aortic sinus, travels briefly via the coronary sulcus before splitting into two or three branches at the atrioventricular groove. This study aimed to estimate the standard size of the cadaveric heart and assess the morphological variation of the coronary artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the dissection hall of the Anatomy department at Chitwan medical college. Twentyfour (24) human hearts present at the dissection hall and museum were used for the study. The weight of the heart was taken; a complete tracing of the coronary artery was done. Photographs were taken at different sites of dissection to find anomalies. Deformed specimens were excluded. RESULTS: Among 24 human hearts studied, the average weight was between 243gm to 322gm. The length of the heart was 11.02 to 11.89cm and the width was 7.97 to 8.56cm. The study reported right coronary dominance in 96% and left coronary dominance in 4% respectively. The study did not report any splitting of the right coronary artery but trifurcation of the left coronary artery was commonest (58%). CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that the right coronary dominance is most common and the left coronary artery shows several variations than the right. The findings may be helpful in academic, medical, and surgical management like open heart surgery angioplasty.

A Case Report of a Rare Variation of the Medial Cutaneous Nerve of Forearm

Introduction: The brachial plexus is the largest and most complex nerve network in the body, which is formed in the neck and enters the axillary cavity after passing under the clavicle. So far, many variations have been reported in the brachial network, which are clinically important. The plexus has three cords, one of which is the medial cord. The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm and the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm are the branches of the medial cord that innervate the skin of the medial surface of the arm and forearm, respectively. In this study, a rare variation was observed in the branches of the medial cord of the brachial plexus during the dissection of the upper limb of an approximately 80-year-old man in the Dissection Hall of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Thus, in normal condition, there is no connection between the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm and the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, and each of them innervates the skin of the medial arm and forearm separately, but in this case, these two nerves are connected. And since knowing this type of variation is very important for surgeons, more studies are needed to determine its prevalence in the population.

Role of Experiential Learning in the Desensitization of a Medical Student: Our Perspective

cadaver; emotions; experiential learning; medical students.

Effect of Periodic Exposure to Formaldehyde in the Anatomy Laboratory on Some Liver Function Indices in Male Wistar Rats

The effect of periodic exposure to formaldehyde in the Anatomy laboratory on some liver function indices in fifteen male wistar rats divided into three groups of A,B and C with 5 animals in each group were investigated. Group A served as control with nil exposure while groups B and C were the test groups with 5 months exposure on non-dissection days and dissection days respectively. Formaldehyde air level was measured both at experimental and control sites. Some liver function indices measured include Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Statistical analysis was done using Graph Pad Prism version 5.0. Results were presented as Mean ± SEM. Analysis of Variance was used to compare the means of test and control values while post hoc test was done using Student Newman Keul’s test and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results revealed significant increase in formaldehyde air level in the dissection hall. There was observable increase in ALT, AST and ALP but they were not significant. It was therefore concluded that periodic exposure to formaldehyde may not have any harmful effect on liver function in wistar rats.

A study of morphological variations of fissures and lobes of formalin fixed cadaveric lungs

Background: Variation of morphology of lung fissures and lobes affects the interpretation of results of radiological examination as well as line of action in cardiothoracic surgical procedures. A research was done to find out the incidence of variations of fissures and lobes in embalmed cadaveric lungs.
 Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional study. All the formalin fixed lung specimens present in dissection halls and museums of the Anatomy Departments were observed for any abnormal fissures that are adding accessory lobes to lungs. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS 22.0. Descriptive analysis was applied by using frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables.
 Results: Total 80 formalin-fixed specimens of lungs were examined and a total of 29 (36.25%) (%) were found to have incomplete fissures. It was observed that 14 (17.5 %) out of 80 lungs had incomplete oblique fissures, and out of these 6 (17.65%) were found in right lungs and 08 (19.05%) were present in left lungs, whereas 15 (39.47%) right lungs showed incomplete horizontal fissure. Among 80 lungs, 6 (7.5%) presented unusual accessory fissures and lobes, whereas 5 (14.7%) showed absent horizontal fissure reducing the number of lobes to two in right lung specimen.
 Conclusion: There is a prevalent incidence of incomplete horizontal fissure that must be kept in mind when investigating and treating any lung pathology.

A Rare Variation of Extensor Indices Muscle – A Case Report

Abstract The Extensor Indicis muscle is one among the deep muscles of the extensor compartment of the forearm which takes origin from the Posterior surface of the shaft of the ulna below the origin of the extensor pollicislongus, and from the Inter-osseous membrane. It gets inserted close to the head of second metacarpal bone joining with the index tendon of extensor digitorum on its ulnar side and enters the formation of dorsal digital expansion of the index finger. This muscle helps in the Extension of the index finger and also to extend the wrist. During our routine dissection for 1 st BAMS students, in the dissection hall of KAHER’s Shri B.M. Kankanawadi Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Belagavi, of a 55 year old male cadaver, variation in the origin of Extensor Indicis muscle was observed. The extensor Indicis muscle was found arising from the Lunate carpal bone and Dorsal Radiocarpal ligament andit further continued as short belly and had its distal attachment on the proximal phalanx of the index finger. Abnormal origin of Extensor IndicisMuscle may possibly be associated with pain and swelling at the back of the hand. This pain may be misinterpreted with other clinical conditions like synovial cyst and ganglion. Knowledge of such rare variations isuseful to clinician and surgeons for therapeutic and surgical procedures.

Variation of the Bifurcation of Brachial Artery: A Cadaveric Study

INTRODUCTION Knowledge of variation in origin, course and bifurcation of brachial artery is significant for the vascular surgeons or radiologist for accurate diagnostic interpretation as well as while performing traumatic vascular repair, bypass procedures and constructive plastic surgeries. Therefore, the anatomical knowledge of the higher bifurcation of brachial artery is substantial for all cases of traumatic amputations and revascularization techniques. The present study aims to find out prevalence of variation of bifurca- tion of brachial artery in cadavers in the Department of Anatomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS An institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 15 formalin fixed embalmed adult human cadavers in the Department of Anatomy (Dissection Hall) at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. The study duration was from July 2021 to 15th October 2021. The finer dissection was made, the brachial artery was exposed, the level of variation was noted as well as length of brachial artery was measured then it was photographed by using digital camera. RESULTS In fifteen cadavers (right upper limb 15 and left upper limb 15), the site of termination was at the level of neck of radius 86.6% while, higher termination of brachial artery was observed in 2 upper extremities (6.7%) and, distal level of termination 2 (6.7%). CONCLUSION Knowing anatomical variations of arteries are of mandatory requirement for planning invasive and surgical treatment since lack of knowledge can cause serious vascular lesions. However, the prevalence of variation of bifurcation of brachial artery in our study is less than other similar studies. Hence, it may cause difficulty in clinical and surgical procedures.

Presence of Contagious Bacterial Flora in Formalin-Fixed Cadavers: A Potential Health Hazard to Medical Professionals.

Cadaveric dissection is the most important learning tool in anatomy. Although many new modalities are coming up for learning anatomy, cadaveric dissection outstands all of these as it helpsstudents to visualize the human body and remains the most realistic way of learning anatomy. Thecadavers are preserved using formalin, a potent disinfectant. Even after embalming in 5-10% formalin, the cadaver might still be infectious while using it in the dissection hall (anatomy department). Numerous bacterial species and infectious pathogens might still be seen despite using fixative agents. Several disease-causing agents may remain viable. Earlier reports suggest that there are cases where students and the working staff got infected by HIV, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, and prion diseases. The main objective of this study is to determine if bacterial species could be recovered from cadavers that are formalin-fixed. Specific regions in the body such as the axilla, perineum, finger clefts, and oral and nasal cavities were chosen for microbiological examination to detect bacterial species. The presence of skin folds in these regions makes them potential sites for the growth of bacteria. Formalin-fixed cadavers can still act as regions for the growth of viable bacteria that can be pathogenic and affect the health of students and anatomists handling them. Proper care should be taken regarding this because students and anatomists working with these cadavers may get exposed to pathogenic organisms which may become harmful or sometimes life-threatening.Some precautions for proper dissemination of cadavers should be taken to provide a complete, safe, and healthy ambiance in the dissection hall.

Student’s Perception of Dissecting a Human Cadaver Compared to Usage of 3D Anatomy Virtual Dissection Table to Learn Gross Anatomy

Background: Limited availability of cadaver and modern discoveries has led to alternate channels to gain anatomy knowledge. Aim: To know the perception of these new sources compared to conventional human dissection. Method: Questionnaire was circulated to for the purpose and results were obtained according to the response. This research is explained in detail according to the result. Result: Majority students were of the view that cadaver dissection is by far the best approach to get the most information of gross anatomy rather than relying on the programmed virtual dissection table. Conclusion: The study strengthen the believe that for gross anatomy human dissection should be performed at the dissection hall meanwhile, the knowledge can be supplemented by the usage of Virtual dissection anatomy table and other modes of information like social media platform. Keywords: Cadaver, Learning, Dissection, Human Anatomy

Sticking with the Fat: Excess and Insignificance of Fat Tissue in Cadaver Dissection

Fat, in the context of dissection, is a nuisance, an obstruction to anatomical order and orientation. Yet it makes up a large part of the human body, and in the practice of dissection becomes one of the most prominent materials in the room, as it sticks to gloves and spreads through the dissection hall, making chairs greasy and instruments slippery. In this article I explore the role and significance of fat tissue in anatomical dissection for medical students. In anatomy, fat remains largely an excess material; something superfluous, insignificant, left-over when the body is turned into an anatomical body consisting of muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and bones, cleaned and displayable. But fat is also something which appears in experience as excessive, omnipresent, proliferating, and resistant to attempts to keep it in order. Much anthropological work within dissection practices has described the process of ‘cleaning’ the bodies, but often—mirroring medicine—these accounts follow the becoming of the anatomical body and leave the fat behind. In this article, I try to ‘stick with’ the fat and suggest that fat tissue, as an embodiment or material manifestation of the more-than-anatomical-body, may tell us something about bodies, subjectivity, scientific order, and dissection.

WET MUSEUM ENHANCES THE TEACHING AND LEARNING ABILITY OF GROSS & CLINICAL ANATOMY

Introduction: The acquisition of knowledge of medical science initiates by acquiring basic information of human structure which is provided by a branch of science that is Anatomy. For learning and teaching Anatomy, we need to preserve human cadavers and organs for long term utility, following suitable methods and conduct medical exhibition and surgical skill training program from time to time. Materials&Method: The present studywas conducted on 40 wet specimens obtained from routine formalin embalmed dissected cadavers at dissection hall of the Institute. After fine dissection, specimens were mounted in Perspex jar filled with Kaiserling solution. Specimens were then observedunder three categories one with paint and varnish, second with varnish only and third without paint and varnish. Observation were recorded in every 3 months for whole one year. Results: Specimens with paint and varnish were appearing like artificial specimens while those with varnish only gave natural appearance with shiny surface. However, in some specimens, a white fatty layer was formed making the solution inside the jar hazy. Specimens without paint and varnish appeared 100% natural making it easier for students to correlate with their theoretical knowledge. Conclusion: Paint and varnish was not found to be applicable for all specimens. By applying other methods, we can preserve specimens for long time without wasting chemical and specimen. These mounted specimens can be utilised for exams, exhibitions, study purpose as well as for surgical skill training programs.