Dissatisfaction Ratings Research Articles

The Association Between Chronic Pain, Substance use, and Primary Care Experience Among Veterans with Ongoing or Recent Homelessness.

Chronic pain and problematic substance use are prevalent among Veterans with homeless experience (VHE) and may contribute to a challenging primary care experience. To examine the association of chronic pain and problematic substance use with unfavorable primary care experiences among VHE and to explore the association of pain treatment utilization and unfavorable care experiences in VHE with chronic pain. We surveyed VHE (n = 3039) engaged in homeless-tailored primary care at 29 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs). We assessed unfavorable primary care experiences with four validated Primary Care Quality-Homeless (PCQ-H) scales: multivariable logistic regressions explored associations between unfavorable care experiences for VHE with chronic pain and problematic substance use, chronic pain alone, problematic substance use alone, or neither. We then examined the association between receipt of pain treatments and unfavorable experiences among VHE with chronic pain. Last, we identified PCQ-H items that had the greatest difference in unfavorable response rates between VHE with and without chronic pain. The prevalence of unfavorable primary care experience was higher on all four scales for patients reporting chronic pain (with or without problematic substance use) (all p < 0.001), but not for problematic substance use alone, compared to VHE with neither pain nor problematic substance use. In analyses limited to VHE with chronic pain, those on long-term opioids were less likely to report an unfavorable experience (OR = 0.49, 95%CI 0.34-0.69). Receipt of occupational therapy was associated with lower odds of reporting an unfavorable experience (OR = 0.83, 95%CI 0707-0.98). PCQ-H items related to trust, relationships, and provider communication had the greatest differences in dissatisfaction ratings (all p < 0.001). Chronic pain is associated with unfavorable primary care experiences among VHE, potentially contributing to poor care outcomes. Strategies are needed to enhance patient-provider trust and communication and increase VHE's access to effective pain treatments.

Identifying Current User-Characteristics Influencing Housing Preferences in a Proposed Low-Income Estate Redevelopment in Lagos, Nigeria

Having fallen into disrepair, the Lagos State Development and Property and Property Corporation (LSDPC), Nigeria was to redevelop the studied low-income housing estate, which it built in early 1980s. This study highlights current users’ characteristics which exhibit relationship with their housing preferences in the eventual redevelopment, for enhanced satisfaction. To achieve this aim, the study identified current users’ characteristics and examined the degree of their correlation in satisfaction with some established domains of the housing environment, with a view to assessing those, which determine current dissatisfaction ratings and by implication shape housing preferences in the envisaged redevelopment programme. The research is correlational. The survey utilised structured Likert-scale questionnaires to collect data from systematically sampled 142 of the 714 households. Housing environment research variables were established in three domains; ‘infrastructures, ‘building features’, and ‘management’. Pearson Correlation Analysis was utilised, due to the nature of data, to test the relationship between selected user characteristics and level of satisfaction/dissatisfaction with selected elements of the domains. The resultant correlation coefficients were further corroborated with crosstabulations of selected user characteristics against the domain factors. The study revealed residents’ assessment of current state of infrastructure, building features and management services as poor, in parts. The factors which exhibited relationship with users’ preferences were found to include ‘tenure status’ and ‘length of stay’ in the estate. The others were ‘family size/structure’ and ‘age’ of household heads. With building features constituting prime and rigid attributes of the housing environment, an appreciation of these factors would guide public policy on user needs and perceptions for enhanced satisfaction and pre-emption of user activism attributable to user-group dynamics, hereafter. Broadly, the study recommended amelioration of identified areas of user dissatisfaction with Infrastructures in ensuing redevelopment. For building features, the study recommended improvement, in addition to proactive home-ownership allotee profiling system to embrace identified user characteristics in future projects.

Learning building occupants’ indoor environmental quality complaints and dissatisfaction from text-mining Booking.com reviews in the United States

Traditional post occupancy evaluation (POE) poses a challenge to the comprehensive knowledge of occupant dissatisfaction with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) due to the nature of the pre-defined questionnaire structure and time-consuming data collection procedures. At the same time, the fact that “humans are effective sensors” and are inclined to report their impressions can be leveraged to collect data for a substantial number of buildings. This paper presents a text-mining approach to reveal the relationships between environmental conditions and occupant dissatisfaction in large populations. With a set of 1.2 million Booking.com open-ended reviews (i.e., 71,665 IEQ reviews) of temporary residences (e.g., hotels), we identified the prevalence of IEQ complaints, investigated the climate distributions and seasonal trends of IEQ complaints, and quantified the social benefits of IEQ in economic values. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) complaints make up the majority of dissatisfaction ratings in all climate zones and IAQ-related reviews also have the worst sentiment scores, followed by visual, acoustic, and thermal discomfort. Windows are perceived as the common source that matters for all four categories of IEQ dissatisfaction. Our analysis also found that the IEQ value is correlated with increased rental costs when the temporary residences have satisfactory IEQ conditions. Our study demonstrates that IEQ satisfaction can be a key design driver and therefore, should be considered in building design, management, and real estate finance.

The multi-dimensional perceptions of office staff and non-office staff about metro noise in commercial spaces

Indoor acoustic environment has become a critical factor in architectural design, and some researchers argued that the reactions from people of varied age, gender, etc. to indoor noise should be considered. While the office staff along metro lines get used to frequent metro noise, their metro noise perceptions, which are supposed to be different from non-office staff, need to be clearly examined. Based on on-site physical measurements and questionnaire surveys, this study aims to analyze the multi-dimensional perceptions (annoyance, dissatisfaction and unpleasantness) of office staff and non-office staff about metro noise in the underground commercial spaces of a high-rise building. The results indicate that due to lower adaptability and tolerance to metro noise, the non-office staff were more sensitive to the change of metro noise than the office staff, and compared with the office staff, the non-office staff expressed obviously more intense multi-dimensional negative moods under the same metro noise environments. Furthermore, for the non-office staff, their annoyance and dissatisfaction ratings due to metro noise correlated well with A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level (LAeq) and maximum A sound pressure level (LAFmax). Among the psychoacoustic measures, loudness and sharpness mainly influenced their annoyance and dissatisfaction perceptions.

A network analysis comparison of central determinants of body dissatisfaction among pregnant and non-pregnant women

The objective of the present study was to compare body dissatisfaction of pregnant (n = 1245 overall; n = 320 trimester 1, n = 497 trimester 2, n = 428 trimester 3) and non-pregnant (n = 547) women in terms of: (a) global dissatisfaction, (b) dissatisfaction with specific body parts/features, and (c) strength of inter-relation among these areas of dissatisfaction. While ANOVAs revealed small group differences in overall body dissatisfaction ratings for appearance and function, more sizable differences were observed at the item level. Network analysis showed that the dissatisfaction items clustered together in similar ways across groups, but that the relative importance of these items for the networks differed by group. In particular, dissatisfaction with chest was much less connected to other areas of dissatisfaction for pregnant women, whilst dissatisfaction with shape and/or weight were more strongly connected to other items for this group. Body function items were less important in the network for non-pregnant women. Findings support earlier qualitative findings suggesting that pregnant women are concerned with both appearance and functioning of their bodies. More broadly, information gleaned at the item level highlights the value in exploring areas of dissatisfaction that may increase understanding of global dissatisfaction ratings.

Trait body image flexibility as a predictor of body image states in everyday life of young Australian women

The present study evaluated whether individuals with varying levels of trait body image flexibility differ in the severity, variability, and correlates of state body dissatisfaction experienced in their daily lives. One hundred and forty-seven women completed a baseline measure of trait body image flexibility, followed by a 7-day ecological momentary assessment phase in which participants self-reported state body dissatisfaction, disordered eating behavior, drive for thinness, and appearance comparisons at 10 semi-random intervals daily. Higher trait body image flexibility predicted lower average scores, less frequent reporting of high state body dissatisfaction, and less variability in their state body dissatisfaction ratings. Individuals with higher trait body image flexibility were also less likely to engage in a range of behaviors and cognitions previously shown to produce body dissatisfaction, including upward appearance comparisons, drive for thinness, binge eating, and dieting. However, few of these state-based relationships involving body dissatisfaction and these related behaviors and cognitions were moderated by trait body image flexibility. Overall, this pattern of findings suggests that body image flexible individuals may have less negative body image because they are less inclined to engage in behaviors and cognitions in their daily lives that encourage negative body image.

Individual Factors Influence on Consumer Complaint Behavior: The Case of Millennial

Understanding Consumer Complaint Behavior (CCB) is important in present competitive business environment as it serves as quality improvement tools in enhancing customer experience. However, studies on consumer complaint behavior that been conducted in Malaysia are relatively few. Complaint should not been viewed as a problem. Consumers today are better educated, more sophisticated, more demanding and are willing to pay for services that meet or exceed their expectations. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between attitude, knowledge, personality and CCB among Millennial. A survey was conducted that involved 400 customers who experienced dissatisfaction of car vehicle repair services. The finding of this study indicates that only attitude and knowledge were statistically significant to CCB. Consumer satisfaction or dissatisfaction ratings are good indicators of firm’s performance to forecast future profit and return on investment. Therefore service managers should continuously and increasingly use customer satisfaction index as criterion for analyzing service performance to create more loyal customers.

Psychometric Properties of Figure Rating Scales in Children: The Impact of Figure Ordering

This study examined psychometric properties of figure rating scales, particularly the effects of ascending silhouette ordering, in 153 children, 9 to 13 years old. Two versions of Collins’s (1991) figural rating scale were presented: the original scale (figures arranged ascendingly) and a modified version (randomized figure ordering). Ratings of current and ideal figure were elicited and body dissatisfaction was calculated. All children were randomly assigned to one of two subgroups and completed both scale versions in a different sequence. There were no significant differences in figure selection and body dissatisfaction between the two figure orderings. Regarding the selection of the current figure, results showed that girls are more affected by the silhouette ordering than boys. Our results suggest that figure rating scales are both valid and reliable, whereby correlation coefficients reveal greater stability for ideal figure selections and body dissatisfaction ratings when using the scale with ascending figure ordering.

Do women with greater trait body dissatisfaction experience body dissatisfaction states differently? An experience sampling study

The present study evaluated the relation of key features of state body dissatisfaction experiences – inertia, instability from moment-to-moment, and average level across time-points – to trait body dissatisfaction and/or eating disorder risk. Participants included 161 women who completed measures of trait body dissatisfaction and disordered eating pathology, and then completed reported state body dissatisfaction and contextual influences (binge eating, dietary restraint, exercise, and appearance comparison behaviors) 6 times daily for 7 days. Results indicated that individuals with elevated trait body dissatisfaction were reliably different from those with healthier body image in terms of average state body dissatisfaction ratings, but not for inertia or instability. State mean and trait body dissatisfaction uniquely predicted eating pathology, although their predictive accuracy for clinical caseness was comparable. Cost vs. benefit of using state body image data for understanding trait body image and eating pathology is discussed.

Integration of spiritual care services along with supportive care clinic in a comprehensive community cancer center.

181 Background: A grave illness like cancer can lead to substantial spiritual distress for patients and their care givers. Not meeting patients’ spiritual needs have been reported to lower ratings of quality and dissatisfaction with care. The FACIT-Sp-12 is used in research studies investigating health related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in cancer patients and has special focus on faith, meaning and peace. Methods: We introduced a unique model at the cancer center by having the chaplain resident and pain/palliative care physician evaluating and following patients together during the weekly Supportive Care Clinic. FACIT-Sp-12 score was also calculated for 92 patients on 164 visits during October 2016 till July 2017. Results: Overall, the FACIT-Sp-12 score was calculated for 92 (52 females and 40 males) patients with median age of 69 years (range 36-89). Sixty-eight (74%) were non-Hispanics while native language was English for 71 (77%) patients. The baseline FACIT-sp-12 score ranged between 16 and 48 with median score of 38. Thirty-two patients had follow up visits. 15 of these patients had improvement in their FACIT-Sp-12 score, 12 patients’ score had decreased and 5 patients’ scores were unchanged. There was an increase in FACIT-Sp-12 score in the males but after adjusting for gender, age, race, language and number of follow up visits, none of the variables could predict increase in the FACIT-Sp-12 score. Conclusions: We have successfully implemented this model of integrating spiritual support services to the delivery of cancer care. Decrease in FACIT score may coincide with distress associated with worsening symptoms or change in patient’s condition, and offers an opportunity to address the increased spiritual needs and assistance with coping during times of distress. Future prospective studies will prove instrumental in validating this approach and hopefully become a service reimbursable by health insurances, and thereby become universally accessible.

Upper lip lift with a “T”-shaped resection of the orbicularis oris muscle for Asian perioral rejuvenation: A report of 84 patients

An overlong upper lip or philtrum indicates aging. In the current study, a procedure for upper lip lift to alleviate this defect is illustrated and assessed for its esthetic effects and risks. A total of 84 Chinese patients with overlong upper lip underwent surgery for upper lip lift from 2012 to 2014. Skin excision height was designed on the basis of the golden proportion of the lower region of the face. The incision was made at the subnasal (inferior border of the columella-nostril-alar) region. After undermining the tissue between the subcutis and orbicularis oris, a "T"-shaped region of the muscle was resected. Both sides of the muscular flaps were developed and suspended upward to the columella base to lift the upper lip. The incision was then sutured delicately. Of the 76 patients who were effectively followed up, recovery period, lift effect, visibility of the scar, vermilion shape, surgery-associated effects, any complications, and overall rejuvenation, among other outcomes, were evaluated at 1 week, 1 month, and 3-24 months postoperation. Assessment was performed by both objective measurements and subjective satisfaction: significant efficiency was achieved and high satisfaction, satisfaction, and dissatisfaction ratings were reported by 55 (72.4%), 18 (23.7%), and 3 (3.9%) patients, respectively. Upper lip lift yields a significant esthetic effect with few complications. This surgical intervention merits further clinical development and application.

Ethnic differences in the effects of media on body image: The effects of priming with ethnically different or similar models

Media exposure has been positively correlated with body dissatisfaction. While body image concerns are common, being African American has been found to be a protective factor in the development of body dissatisfaction. MethodParticipants either viewed ten advertisements showing 1) ethnically-similar thin models; 2) ethnically-different thin models; 3) ethnically-similar plus-sized models; and 4) ethnically-diverse plus-sized models. Following exposure, body image was measured. ResultsAfrican American women had less body dissatisfaction than Caucasian women. Ethnically-similar thin-model conditions did not elicit greater body dissatisfaction scores than ethnically-different thin or plus-sized models nor did the ethnicity of the model impact ratings of body dissatisfaction for women of either race. There were no differences among the African American women exposed to plus-sized versus thin models. Among Caucasian women exposure to plus-sized models resulted in greater body dissatisfaction than exposure to thin models. DiscussionResults support existing literature that African American women experience less body dissatisfaction than Caucasian women even following exposure to an ethnically-similar thin model. Additionally, women exposed to plus-sized model conditions experienced greater body dissatisfaction than those shown thin models.

The Relationship Between Stress and Body Satisfaction in Female and Male Adolescents

This study investigated the relationship between stress and body satisfaction in adolescence. A sample consisting of 515 adolescents aged 12-16 years completed a series of self-report questionnaires assessing general and specific aspects of adolescent stress, body satisfaction and the psychological constructs of self-esteem, depressive symptoms and body importance. Results revealed a significant association between higher body dissatisfaction and higher ratings of peer stress, lower self-esteem and greater body importance for female and male adolescents. These findings suggest that adolescent stress relates to satisfaction with the body and that this stress is specifically focused on the peer environment for both genders during adolescence. This may have implications for intervention programmes aimed at improving body satisfaction, suggesting that the inclusion of stress management training in these programmes could specifically focus on difficulties within the peer domain.

Brief report: Fathers' and mothers' marital relationship predicts daughters' pubertal development two years later

Parents of 50 4th grade girls reported on their marital relationships and then, two years later, rated their daughters' pubertal development. Fathers' ratings of marital dissatisfaction, mothers' ratings of less emotional support from husbands, and both parents' ratings of aversive marital conflict were correlated with more advanced pubertal development in daughters. Fathers' withdrawal behavior during marital conflict emerged as the strongest predictor. These results are consistent with evolutionary theories of pubertal development and suggest that parents' impressions of the marital relationship may be linked with girls' pubertal development, even in a middle-class sample with both parents present in the household. They also suggest several heretofore underexplored foci for researchers in this area, such as parents' behaviors during marital conflict and fathers' experiences of the marital relationship.

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction Ratings; Multiple Group Invariance Analysis Across Scales with Different Response Format

The current study evaluates three hypothesized models on subjective well-being, comprising life domain ratings (LDR), overall satisfaction with life (OSWL), and overall dissatisfaction with life (ODWL), using structural equation modeling (SEM). A sample of 1,310 volunteering students, randomly assigned to six conditions, rated their overall life (dis)satisfaction and their (dis)satisfaction with six different life domains. Each condition used one of six response formats, differing in (1) orientation (horizontal vs. vertical), and (2) anchoring (0 to 10, −5 to +5, and Not numbered). The results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) support a six-factor model of LDR based on satisfaction or dissatisfaction items. However, our findings indicate that the kind of response format used to obtain satisfaction and dissatisfaction ratings can affect the factor loadings. Our results indicate that the proposed models of OSWL, and ODWL fit the data well, and are able to predict OSWL and ODWL, respectively. Moreover, among six life domains, which figure as the latent variables in our models, psychological well-being was found to be the strongest predictor of both OSWL and ODWL.

The measurement of body-image dissatisfaction–satisfaction: Is rating importance important?

Some researchers have argued that evaluative body image may be better assessed by measures that weight dissatisfaction–satisfaction ratings by their subjective importance to individuals. The Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS) is a frequently used, standardized assessment of evaluative body image, albeit one that does not use differential item weights. This investigation, with 410 female and male college students, examined whether an importance-weighted revision of the BASS would have incremental validity relative to the original version in the prediction of multiple criterion variables. Results confirmed the reliability and validity of unweighted and weighted versions. However, the validity of weighted versions did not surpass that of the original BASS. The extremity of individuals’ satisfaction and dissatisfaction ratings appears inherently to reflect the importance placed on physical attributes for self-evaluation. Moderated regression analyses offered only weak support for the interaction of average satisfaction and average importance ratings beyond their main effects. The simpler, unweighted BASS is an acceptable assessment of evaluative body image.

The Role of Organized Activities in Facilitating Social Adaptation Across the Transition to College

This prospective study examined the relations between organized activity involvement, loneliness, and friendship quality across the transition to college. In all, 85 adolescents (54 females and 31 males) completed measures during the summer before their first year of college (Time 1) and 10 months later (Time 2). More intense involvement in activities during the first year of college promoted better Time 2 friendship quality and lower ratings of loneliness and social dissatisfaction for those individuals who had poor Time 1 social adaptation. Emerging adults who got involved in organized activities for social reasons were more likely to report having a different best friend following the transition to college. Findings from this study suggest that organized activity involvement provides certain emerging adults with contexts for exploration and development of friendships.

Community activities and individuals’ satisfaction with them: Quality of life in the first year after traumatic brain injury

Johnston MV, Goverover Y, Dijkers M. Community activities and individuals’ satisfaction with them: quality of life in the first year after traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005;86:735–45. Objective To investigate the relations between community activities and satisfaction with these activities, desires to change them, and global life satisfaction. Design Interview study with follow-up 1 month after rehabilitation discharge and 12 months postinjury. Setting Community. Participants One hundred sixty-two individuals hospitalized with mostly moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. About 90% were reached (mostly by phone) 1 month after rehabilitation discharge; 84.6%, at 12 months postinjury. Interventions Not applicable. Main outcome measures Community Integration Questionnaire-2, augmented by individuals’ ratings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with and desire to change each activity; and the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Results Although significant correlations were found for some items, most correlations between activities and ratings of global quality of life (QOL) were low and nonsignificant. Individuals reported that they were satisfied with most of their community activities, but there were exceptions (eg, paid work). Correlations between activity-specific satisfaction and general life satisfaction were generally weak and nonsignificant. Dissatisfaction with an activity correlated strongly with desire to change the activity, but general life satisfaction did not correlate with desire to change activities. Conclusions The lack of association between frequency of activities and subjective appraisals of them is a challenge to outcomes measurement and has implications for the targeting of rehabilitative interventions and evaluation of their worth. More research is needed to understand how individualizing functional objectives might maximize the effects of rehabilitation on the QOL of persons served.

Poster 10: Activity-related quality of life: activities and personal feelings about them in the first year after traumatic brain injury

Objective: To investigate relationships between community activities and feelings about specific activities, desires to change them, and global life satisfaction. Design: Observational study with follow-up 1 month after rehabilitation discharge and 12 months postinjury. Setting: Community. Participants: 144 adult survivors of serious traumatic brain injury. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Community Integration Questionnaire-2, augmented by individuals’ ratings of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, desire to change each activity, and the Diener Life Satisfaction Scale. Results: Although significant correlations were found for some items, most correlations between objective activities and subjective ratings of quality of life (QOL) were low and nonsignificant. Subjects generally reported that they were satisfied with their activities, but there were exceptions (eg, work situation). Correlations between activity-specific satisfaction and general life satisfaction were also weak and generally nonsignificant. Activity-specific satisfaction correlated robustly with subjects’ desires to change them, but general life satisfaction did not. Conclusions: The lack of association between objective activities and subjective appraisals of them is a challenge to outcomes measurement and has implications for the targeting of rehabilitative interventions and evaluation of their worth. More research is needed to understand how individualizing functional objectives and gains might maximize likely effects on the QOL of persons served.

Conversational utterance inhibitions and mental health

This study examined the relationship between utterance inhibitions in conversations and mental health. Utterance inhibitions were classified into five groups: partner orientation, self orientation, partner-self distance maintenance, norms and situations, and lack of communication skills, according to their presumed causes in motivation and skill. A questionnaire asked 271 undergraduates, 131 men and 140 women, how often they experienced such inhibitions, in what situations, and so on. They also completed General Health Questionnaire. Results indicated that when the frequency of inhibitions due to lack of communication skills was high, both men and women reported poorer mental health. When the frequency of inhibitions due to norm and situation considerations was high, women reported better mental health. These relationships between inhibition frequency and mental health were all linear. Moreover, dissatisfaction ratings of conversations mediated the effect of utterance inhibitions on mental health in women, but not in men. These results suggested that we needed to look into quality differences among various kinds of utterance inhibitions.