Disruptive Innovation In Healthcare Research Articles

Commentary on Healthcare and Disruptive Innovation

Exploits of technology have been an issue in healthcare for many years. Many hospital systems have a problemwith “disruptive innovation” when introducing new technology. Disruptive innovation is “an innovation thatcreates a new market by applying a different set of values, which ultimately overtakes an existing market”(Sensmeier, 2012). Modern healthcare systems are historically slow to accept new technological advancements .This may be because patient-based, provider-based, or industry-wide decisions are tough to implement, giving wayto dire consequences. One potential consequence is that healthcare providers may not be able to provide the bestpossible care to patients. For example, if a healthcare provider does not adopt new technologies or approaches tomedical treatment, they may not be able to offer the same level of care as a provider who has embraced thoseinnovations. This leads to lower quality of care and poorer patient outcomes.Another consequence is that healthcare providers who do not adapt to disruptive innovations may lose marketshare to competitors who are more forward-thinking and willing to embrace new technologies and approaches.This can harm the provider's financial performance and sustainability.Not adapting to disruptive innovations inhealthcare can result in missed opportunities to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of medical treatment. If ahealthcare provider does not adopt electronic medical records, they may miss out on the benefits of faster andmore accurate information sharing, improving patient care.Once the decision to implement technology in a specific healthcare industry is made, concerns about patientsafety, an aversion to change, and hospital-wide compliance with regulations begin to arise (WynHouse, nd.). Thehealthcare technology industry also boomed with the COVID-19 outbreak. The COVID-19 outbreak has led tosignificant advancements and innovations in medical technology. In order to diagnose, treat, and prevent thespread of the virus, healthcare providers and researchers have had to develop and deploy new technologies andapproaches. The COVID-19 outbreak has highlighted the importance of the medical industry and the essential roleit plays in society. This has led to increased funding, support for medical research and development, as well as agreater appreciation for the work of healthcare providers. This has created opportunities for growth andinnovation in the medical industry. It also placed enormous strain on global health systems, disrupting healthcareby increasing the risk of fraud and deception; the risk of hospital operations and assets being compromised,disrupted, or altered; and the increased use of telehealth resulting in a breakdown between providers andconsumers (Kuehn,2021). This article will cover the effects/impact of disruptive innovations/technologiesintroduced into healthcare industries over the short term through a light review of disruptions and responses,followed by commentary and policy recommendations.

Visualization of Global Research Output on Disruptive Innovation in Health Care

ABSTRACT The outbreak of COVID-19 has raised concerns about the availability of health care facilities globally. Disruptive innovations in health care may impact a new system that provides a continuum of treatment tailored to each patient’s specific requirements. In light of this evolution, this study aimed to visualize global research output on disruptive innovation in health care between 2001 to 2021 as indexed in the Scopus database. The dataset was extracted on January 10, 2022, and 204 records were identified for data analysis. Various bibliometric indicators were used to identify publication trends. VOSviewer visualization software was also used to analyze data. The findings revealed the increasing pattern of publication growth with slight fluctuation over time. M. Friebe was the most prolific author having contributed four publications. The Harvard Medical School was the most productive institution with eight publications and the United States was the most productive country with 84 publications on disruptive innovation in health care. Furthermore, human, health care, and disruptive innovation were the top keywords in this field. These findings are expected to be useful to academics and administrators all across the world. This study also gives readers insight into this domain and will allow them to begin their research by selecting a topic of their choice.

Enhancing Patient Safety

Internet of things (IoT) technologies are revolutionizing industries through enabling object identification, traceability, real-time communication, and monitoring. In healthcare (HC), IoT has potential to contribute to several areas, from patient-related smart services to medical logistics. One area of paramount importance in HC is patient safety, which includes the correct identification, treatment, tracking, and monitoring of patients. Published statistics suggest that there is a mounting number of patient mistreatments due to the erroneous identification of the patient or the drug administered. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is envisioned as a disruptive innovation in HC & represents several opportunities for increased safety. However, the adoption of RFID in HC still lags behind other industries. Through a literature review, the authors explore the potentials & challenges of RFID adoptions in HC, with a focus on patient safety. Our findings suggest that high costs of adoption, security & privacy concerns and human safety risks are the main barriers for adoption.

Disruptive Innovation: Impact for Practice, Policy, and Academia.

The 2019 Association for Leadership Science in Nursing International Conference, Disruptive Innovation, was held in Los Angeles, California, with attendees from 30 US states, Canada, Brazil, and China. Presenters discussed the need for nurse leaders to advocate for health equity, lead evidence-based innovation, how robots and other technology are generating disruptive innovations in healthcare, and building strong academic-practice partnerships to address nursing workforce challenges. This article will report on these important insights.

Naturopathy as a Model of Prevention-Oriented, Patient-Centered Primary Care: A Disruptive Innovation in Health Care.

Background and Objective: The concept of a “disruptive innovation,” recently extended to health care, refers to an emerging technology that represents a new market force combined with a new value system, that eventually displaces some, or all, of the current leading “stakeholders, products and strategic alliances.” Naturopathy is a distinct system of traditional and complementary medicine recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), emerging as a model of primary care. The objective here is to describe Naturopathy in the context of the criteria for a disruptive innovation. Methods: An evidence synthesis was conducted to evaluate Naturopathy as a potentially disruptive technology according to the defining criteria established by leading economists and health technology experts: (1) The innovation must cure disease; (2) must transform the way medicine is practiced; or (3) have an impact that could be disruptive or sustaining, depending on how it is integrated into the current healthcare marketplace. Results: The fact that Naturopathy de-emphasizes prescription drug and surgical interventions in favor of nonpharmacological health promotion and self-care could disrupt the present economic model that fuels health care costs. The patient-centered orientation of Naturopathy, combined with an emphasis on preventive behaviors and popular complementary and integrative health services like natural products, mind and body therapies, and other therapies not widely represented in current primary care models increase the likelihood for disruption. Conclusions: Because of its patient-centered approach and emphasis on prevention, naturopathy may disrupt or remain a durable presence in healthcare delivery depending on policymaker decisions.

Anticipating Disruptive Innovations With Foresight Leadership.

The purpose of this article is to discuss the importance of foresight leadership to anticipate disruptive innovations in health care. Nursing foresight leadership is defined. Types of foresight leadership styles are described. Selected disruptive trends in health care are identified. Strategies to develop foresight leadership are discussed. Foresight requires transformational leadership skills. Resources to support the development of foresight leadership are referenced. Readers are invited to engage in actions and learning activities to develop foresight leadership capacity to anticipate disruptive innovations in health care and build transformational leadership capacity of people in the profession of nursing.

RFID Applications and Adoptions in Healthcare: A Review on Patient Safety

Patient safety is a serious global public health concern. Official statistics show that there is an increasing number of mistreatments within healthcare due to the improper identification of the patient or the drug administered to the patient. It is believed that the majority of the medical errors caused by misidentifications are preventable by introducing integrated IT infrastructures. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is believed to be the next generation technology for tracking and data-collection and has successfully been applied in several industries such as manufacturing, retail and logistics. RFID technology is also seen as the next disruptive innovation in healthcare and represents several opportunities for increased safety, operational efficiency and cost savings, by tagging inventory, assets, patients and personnel. Even though RFID promises several benefits for the healthcare industry, the adoption of RFID technology in the health sector has not been as striking as anticipated and still lags behind compared to other industries.Through a literature review, this paper attempts to explore the challenges of RFID adoption in healthcare, with a focus on patient safety. Our main findings suggest that high costs of adoption, concerns related to security and privacy, and human safety risks are the main barriers for adoption.

Disruptive innovation in rural American healthcare: the physician assistant practice

PurposeThis article proposes a new disruptive innovation in healthcare through the development of a physician assistant business model, which can be most readily applied in vulnerable rural health care settings.Design/methodology/approachThis study reviews the current state of the health care system in terms of physician assistant utilization and primary care shortages in rural communities. The study proposes that the physician assistant-owned and -operated primary care business represents a disruptive innovation, via the application of the five principles of Clayton Christensen’s (1997) thesis on disruptive innovation.FindingsConsidering the current state of the health care industry, the study logically defends the proposed model as a disruptive innovation in that it: focuses on an underserved market, has lower costs, has few competitors, offers high quality and provides a sustainable competitive advantage.Practical implicationsThe physician assistant business model is a viable solution for providing primary care for rural communities with educational, financial, transportation and other resource limitations.Originality/valueThis is a unique application of the theory of disruptive innovation, which illustrates how a new business model can solve a chronic shortage in primary care, especially in underserved populations.

Patient‐focused glaucoma care delivery, maintaing quality despite cost limitation

SummaryTo assess the degree of patient satisfaction in a Glaucoma Outpatient centre and its correlation with the subjective scoring of the Ophthalmologist for the quality of provided care using a short not‐validated questionnaire. The practice of medicine has evolved in the latest decade. Disruptive innovation in healthcare causes a shift away from traditional health care venues like hospitals into clinic settings and outpatient's facility. There is also transference of skills from highly trained sub‐specialist to more accessible specialist. The outpatient offices, especially in Belgium provide accessible and fast services in a convenient location. In order to remain competitive the outpatient offices have to provide high level of healthcare quality. In the published report Crossing the Quality Chasm, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) set forth six aims for a quality health care system: safe, equitable, evidence based, timely, efficient and patient centered. The latter three factors directly influence patient satisfaction. The patient satisfaction on the other hand has been commonly used as an indicator for measuring the quality of care given by the health professionals. In this lecture we explain patient's motivations for their satisfaction degree during an outpatient Glaucoma clinic.

Telehealth as a tool for integration; results from a qualitative study of Australian telehealth services

Introduction: Telehealth is the delivery of health care at a distance using information and communications technology. It has the potential to increase communication and integration between patients, health care providers and health care organisations, but uptake in Australian has been small scale, and the impact of telehealth on service integration has received little attention. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted, in which semi-structured interviews were carried out with clinicians, managers and researchers who developed or were operating telehealth services in Australia. Results: 42 semi-structured interviews were completed, concerning 39 distinct telehealth services. Thematic analysis showed that the use of telehealth increased communication, and stimulated the development of cooperation and coordination between services, particularly through the development of networks. Increased continuity of care and having more information about patients was reported to lead to improved clinical decision making. A minority of the telehealth services constructed new models of care with substantially greater integration and case studies of these will be presented. One of the difficulties of implementing telehealth was found to be that it exposed current lack of integration and this had to be addressed in order for telehealth services to be able to operate. Discussion and Conclusions: Telehealth is a complex and disruptive innovation in health care. It both supports health services integration, and requires integration in order to be effective. Lessons learned: In order to use telehealth as an integrative tool, the development of telehealth needs to be conducted in tandem with whole of service development. Limitations: The study was limited to the Australian context and by the collection of data from just one or two individuals per service. The environment in this field is changing rapidly and ongoing longitudinal research is needed. Suggestions for future research: The expansion of telehealth directly to patients at home has the potential to transform the engagement of patients with health care and should also be investigated for the potential it offers to increase systemic integration. World Congress on Integrated Care 2014, Sydney, November 23-26, 2014. International Journal of Integrated Care – Volume 14, 8 December – URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1-116636– http://www.ijic.org/

Disruptive Innovation in Health Care: Business Models, Moral Orders and Electronic Records

There is widespread consensus that current healthcare costs are unsustainable, and that efficiencies could be achieved by reorganising care and making greater use of information technology, in particular nationally available electronic health records. Such approaches have, however, been difficult to implement, partly because incentives for uptake are weak. In this article we argue that the difficulties go deeper than calculations of costs and benefits, and include disruptions to the complex moral orders that surround the production and exchange of health information. Using the introduction of national electronic health records in England and Australia as examples, we show how attempts to reshape and transfer distributions of rights and responsibilities developed in the age of paper into the digital world go awry. We suggest that a fundamental rethinking of the role of ‘records’ in healthcare may be an integral component of the moral re-ordering required to transform health care through such means.

Big Data and Disruptive Innovation in Wound Care

FigureThis month’s continuing education activity, “Pressure Ulcer-Related Pain in Nursing Home Residents with Cognitive Impairment,” on page 375, is an example of the use of information collected for regulatory and clinical data sets to inform our clinical decision-making processes in the field. The data tackle and try to make clinical sense of 3 problems in which there is a wide variability and subjectivity in the practice patterns and clinical decision making: (1) pain, (2) cognitive impairment, and (3) pressure ulcer management. This work by Ahn et al demonstrates how “big data” are currently utilized and their potential for the future. Big Data Big data are simply the use of ginormous bits or sets of data in the terabyte-and-beyond range,1 which are exponentially increasing by the minute, owing to the capacity of data collection, storage, and analysis. The use of big data is made possible by the recent explosion in computing capacity in business, manufacturing, and now healthcare. Some examples of early adopters in data management in wound care and skin-related diseases were in the United Kingdom, where they use the General Practice Research Database, which is a large database that was established in the United Kingdom in 1987 to allow researchers to conduct large epidemiologic studies.2 Disruptive Innovation The use of big data is an example of the concept of “disruptive innovation.” Disruptive innovation3 is a concept whereby the healthcare industry can transform to provide increasingly affordable and conveniently accessible healthcare by expanding the use of data, teaching workers at the point of service, and transferring skills from “highly trained but also expensive personnel to more affordable providers, including the use of technology-based care.”3 This concept was persuasively modeled by Sharkey et al.4 Not only did they make use of big data by incorporating the data from 14 nursing homes, but they also tested the concept of disruptive innovation in healthcare by measuring the utility of “training up” nursing assistants to improve quality, cost, and outcomes in wound care. This month’s continuing education article is an example of big data and the opportunity for disruptive innovation, which is inherently more complicated given the complexities of the confluence of pressure ulcers, pain, and dementia. It is unlikely that a person trained in pain medicine will be practicing in the nursing home environment, especially with expertise in both the management of dementia and wounds. The opportunity for disruptive innovation is to specifically train the staff in recognizing and documenting the patient’s pain and treatment outcomes. We now have big data on our side. Perhaps by incorporating more national data, we can learn more about this complicated issue proposed by the Ahn et al article in this issue. “The roots of great innovation are never just in the technology itself. They are always in the wider historical context. They require new ways of seeing. As Einstein put it, ‘The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them.’” —David Brooks.5FigureRichard “Sal” Salcido, MD

The Coming Golden Age of Disruptive Innovation in Health Care

The Coming Golden Age of Disruptive Innovation in Health Care

An Era of Disruptive Innovation and Opportunity

Thank you for your contribution of leadership to the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) as committed participants in our policy development and democratic governance processes. Over the past year we have seen substantive and important issues take shape in the form of proposed policy. The work has come from standing committees, Councils, the Board and individual members. We have debated them via Webinars and here in person at this meeting. You have engaged in thoughtful policy formation and this work will advance academic pharmacy in countless ways. I promised the members of the Bylaws and Policy Development Committee that I would take just a few minutes this morning to reflect on the nature of this work. With the final report and recommendations of the Committee before you, you might say to yourself, Well, they certainly have muted the controversy for today's House session. And if you have not been actively engaged in the process of considering policy over the last several months and here at the meeting, you might leave Kissimmee thinking Is that all there is? Why bother?! Brian Crabtree served as an AACP delegate to the American Pharmacists Association (APhA) House in New Orleans in March. As he left the final, debate-filled and somewhat exhausting final session of their House, he said to me, Well, that certainly was interesting, and SO different from the AACP House. Different in this case is not necessarily better; it's just different. As the Committee worked in Executive Session yesterday after the best-attended Open Hearing in perhaps 20 years, they worked hard to distinguish statements of educational policy from recommendations for action. They also studied hard and considered the input that suggested that some statements were not ready for action and needed more thoughtful clarification. That is their charge and their work will facilitate the final conduct of House business this morning. Just 2 final thoughts about the work of the House, past and present, before I continue with my other remarks; this meeting of the House marks the 20th anniversary of the historic and hard-to-achieve decision by the AACP House that the entry-level preparation for pharmacists should be the doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) degree. That meeting took place in Washington, DC, where it must have felt over 100 degrees, like it is there today! This also makes me wonder whether any issue other than degrees, dues, and dollars can incite the interest and engagement of our members! Perhaps some of the work stimulated by President Bootman's charges to the 2012-2013 committees will test this proposition! It is a privilege to have this 11th opportunity to take a few minutes to report to you from the perspective of the chief staff officer of your Association and to reflect on AACP in these times of disruptive innovation and opportunity. That is the theme I am using to frame these remarks. President Crabtree and I had the enormous good fortune to begin calendar year 2012 in what might have been a Harvard School of Business intensive weekend graduate seminar on the topic of disruptive innovation. While we were actually on the island of St. John with leaders and staff colleagues from 10 other national pharmacy and pharmaceutical industry associations, our professor was none other than Clayton Christensen. Many of you may have heard this Harvard Business School professor's keynote presentation on disruptive innovation in healthcare at the APhA meeting in Seattle in March 2011. Among other titles, Professor Christensen has written the Innovator's Prescription: Disruptive Innovation in Health Care and Disrupting Class, which applies the theory of disruptive innovation to education. We provided a copy of Disrupting Class to the deans attending last February's Deans Retreat in San Diego. If you are keeping score, the good professor suggests clearly and passionately that both healthcare and education at all levels are poised for significant disruption. …

Point-of-Service Nerve Conduction Studies: An Example of Industry-Driven Disruptive Innovation in Health Care

Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and needle electromyography are useful and established diagnostic procedures for evaluating patients with signs and symptoms of neuromuscular disease. Although technological advances have occurred since the introduction of commercial electromyography instrumentation in the 1950s, most improvements have been evolutionary and were designed to benefit traditional users--neurologists and physiatrists specializing in electromyography. In the past seven years, instruments have been introduced that automate NCS and thereby enable a broader group of physicians, including internists and orthopedic surgeons, to perform these studies and utilize electromyographic data in the care of their patients. Automated NCS devices are an example of what Clayton Christensen terms a "disruptive innovation." In this article, automated NCS is contrasted with traditional electromyography, and the challenges and opposition to its widespread adoption are explored.

Effective Employer-Vendor Partnerships

US employers are facing an unprecedented opportunity to contribute toward positive, disruptive innovations in healthcare. The convergence of major trends will enable employers to exercise significant leverage in controlling healthcare costs and improving quality.