Industrial Solid Waste Disposal Research Articles

Mechanical and microstructural properties of one-part geopolymer-solidified soil attacked by Na2SO4

In the construction of traffic engineering, a large amount of waste soils was generated. These soils have poor engineering properties, cannot be used as subgrade fill, so they were solidified treatment, commonly used cement curing agent have adverse effects on the environment. One-part geopolymer (OPG), as a green and new type of soil stabilizer, not only provides a new idea for the solidification of engineering waste, but also offers an effective way for the disposal of industrial solid waste, and reduces the consumption of cement. In order to evaluate the durability of geopolymer solidified soil, in this paper, with fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as raw materials, solid NaOH and Na2SiO3 as solid alkali-activator to prepare OPG, which was used as a solidifier to solidify the waste dredged silt to produce one-part geopolymer-solidified soil (OPGSS). The variation patterns of mass, unconfined compression strength (UCS) and elasticity modulus of OPGSS with attack time under 0%, 5% and 10% Na2SO4 solutions were investigated. The changes in the phase composition, micro-morphology and pore size distribution of OPGSS were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results showed that: Under both 5% and 10% Na2SO4 solutions, the UCS of OPGSS decreased in two stages with attack time, and the number of large pores and total pores of OPGSS increased in two stages. The inflection points appeared on day 8 under 5% Na2SO4 solution; the inflection points appeared on day 5 under 10% Na2SO4 solution. This was mainly due to the expansion of corrosion products formed by OPGSS under Na2SO4 attack, which destroyed the microstructure of OPGSS and led to a reduction in the UCS of the OPGSS.

工业固废处置供应链激励机制研究

工业固废处置供应链激励机制研究

The impact of pollutant emissions from co-incineration of industrial waste in municipal solid waste incinerators

A large amount of industrial solid waste (including waste plastics, textiles, wood, etc., which are byproducts of industrial production) urgently needs to be treated. Incineration is undoubtedly the most efficient and convenient method. The existing municipal solid waste incineration plants can be transformed to burn such industrial wastes. However, the potential risks associated with high levels of heavy metals in industrial waste and the air pollution caused by co-incineration pose significant challenges to the co-incineration disposal of industrial solid waste. The change of physical and chemical properties of municipal solid waste and the emission characteristics of flue gas pollutants after co-incineration of industrial waste were studied by means of material flow simulation and experiment. In addition, experiments were designed to study the effects of temperature, calcium sulfur ratio and chlorine content on heavy metal emission during the incineration of industrial waste. The results showed that co-incineration of a certain proportion of industrial waste significantly increased the calorific value of municipal solid waste, but excessive mixing of plastic and paper industrial waste would increase the ash content. Co-incineration of plastic industrial waste can significantly increase HCl, and with the increase of temperature, the transformation of Cl to HCl is more thorough. The increase of temperature can promote the migration of Cr, Pb and Se elements to the gas phase. When Cr, Pb, and Se elements are present in the gas phase, they can combine with other gases and aerosols to form particulate matter and toxic substances, causing air pollution. When Ca/S is 1, Ba, Mn, Ni, Zn can effectively reduce the retention rate of elements in the ash. Under certain conditions, chlorine in industrial waste plastics will react with Zn to form tiny particles and low boiling point chlorides, which will increase its volatility. The mineral components in the ash can also be used for making ceramsite and building materials. These results will provide reference for the pollutants controlling during co-incineration of industrial waste and municipal solid waste process.

Study on the Properties and Heavy Metal Solidification Characteristics of Sintered Ceramsites Composed of Magnesite Tailings, Sewage Sludge, and Coal Gangue.

With the rapid development of industry, the disposal of industrial solid waste needs to be solved urgently in China. Thus, an effective disposal method should be proposed to recycle these solid wastes in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner. In this paper, ceramsite was prepared from sewage sludge (SS), magnesite tailings (MTs), and coal gangue (CG). The influence of the material ratio and sintering temperature on the properties of the ceramsite was investigated. The results show that the ceramsite had better properties when the following parameters were used: a ratio of SS: CG: MT of 4.5:4:1.5; a sintering temperature of 1250 °C; a compressive strength of 11.2 MPa (or it can be rounded to 11; our major remark relates to significant figures, and they should be up to 2–3 figures, according to measurement errors); a water absorption of 3.54%; and apparent and bulk densities of 1.19 and 0.81 g/cm3, respectively. The strength was superior to more than twice the 900-density grade prescribed by the Chinese national standard. After sintering, most of the heavy metals in the ceramsite mainly existed in the form of residue state (FD), meaning that they were highly stable. The leaching concentrations of Zn and Ni from the ceramsite were 0.72 and 0.25 mg/L lower than the prescribed regulatory limits (2.0 and 0.1 mg/L). The overall pollution toxicity index (OPTI) was only 240, less than that of raw pellets, indicating that the environmental risk is low. Not only did the ceramsite, prepared from SS, CG, and MT, exhibit excellent chemical properties, but it also proved to be an environmentally safe material. Therefore, it is an effective approach to realize the collaborative treatment of SS, CG, and MT by preparing ceramsite.

Research on the co-pyrolysis of coal slime and lignin based on the combination of TG-FTIR, artificial neural network, and principal component analysis

Confronted with the shortage of fossil energy, the large inventory and the serious pollution of industrial solid waste, the development of clean and efficient industrial solid waste disposal methods have become a trend. In this study, Thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry was utilized to carry out the co-pyrolysis experiment of coal slime and lignin. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out following 7 different mass mixing ratios. The initial pyrolysis temperatures of CS, S9G1, S7G3, S5G5, S3G7, S1G9, and LIG were 414.5, 373.3, 287.6, 233.3, 225.8, 218.6, and 209.6 °C, respectively. By observing the evolution of the gaseous products of the sample pyrolysis, the results showed that the gaseous products mainly include hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ethers, and alcohols. The ratio of lignin in the mixture was changed, and the interaction between the sample particles was different. The principal component analysis method provided helps to understand the mechanism of co-pyrolysis of coal slime and lignin. The relative error of the established artificial neural network prediction was less than 2.5%. This paper comprehensively analyzed the interaction and gas evolution law during the co-pyrolysis of coal slime and lignin.

Suggestions on General Industrial Solid Waste Disposal and Environmental Management

Suggestions on General Industrial Solid Waste Disposal and Environmental Management

Synergistic effect and mechanism of waste glass on the mechanical properties and autoclave stability of cementitious materials containing steel slag

Incorporating solid waste into cement and concrete products can save natural resources and reduce environmental problems caused by the disposal of industrial solid waste. In this study, steel slag powder and waste glass powder were synergistically used to replace cement. The blended cementitious materials showed good mechanical strength and autoclave stability with the synergistic aid of steel slag and waste glass. This study used an autoclave experiment to accelerate the hydration reaction. Results suggested that waste glass as an amorphous siliceous material enriched hydration products and completely consumed f-CaO in steel slag under autoclave for 3 h. The expansion rate of the blended paste was the lowest, and the stability was the best when the mass ratio of ordinary Portland cement: steel slag powder: waste glass powder was 7:2:1. A complete reaction of f-CaO occurred in the steel slag in the presence of an excess of waste glass powder in the blended cementitious materials. An excessive waste of glass powder can cause alkali–silicon reaction with Na+ and K+ ions and lead to expansion.

Adhere to Green Development and Promote the Management Utilization and Disposal of Industrial Solid Waste

Adhere to Green Development and Promote the Management Utilization and Disposal of Industrial Solid Waste

Possible use of gypsum waste from ceramics industry as semi-reinforcing filler in epoxidized natural rubber composites

In recent years, the incorrect disposal of industrial solid wastes is one of the main reasons for serious environmental pollution. The appropriate recycle of these waste materials in commercial purpose is the key way to protect the environment. In the present study, the suitability of gypsum waste (GW) from ceramics factory as a filler in epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was explored. Most importantly, the properties of ENR/GW composites were compared with those of ENR composites filled with most widely used non-reinforcing filler calcium carbonate (CaCO3). In both ENR/GW and ENR/CaCO3 composites, the values of torque difference, hardness and tensile modulus increased steadily with increasing filler content. However, at same filler loading level, the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of ENR/GW composites were better as compared to those of ENR/CaCO3 composites. ENR/GW composite also exhibited considerably higher thermal stability as compared to either unfilled ENR or ENR/CaCO3 composite. As a whole, GW could be used as a cost-effective semi-reinforcing filler in ENR composites.

Análise da destinação de resíduos sólidos industriais no Estado de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 2011 e 2016

O crescimento da economia contribui para o desenvolvimento de processos produtivos, aumentando, consequentemente, a geração de resíduos, que por sua vez demandam um gerenciamento adequado de forma a minimizar os impactos negativos envolvendo a sua disposição no meio ambiente. Assim, este trabalho objetivou analisar a destinação dos resíduos sólidos industriais no Estado de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 2011 e 2016. Para tal, utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, empregando a pesquisa documental baseada nos Inventários de Destinação de Resíduos Sólidos Industriais de Minas Gerais elaborado pela Fundação Estadual de Meio Ambiente (FEAM), referente aos anos de 2011 a 2016. Verificou-se que houve redução na quantidade gerada de resíduos, de cerca de 210,9 milhões de toneladas em 2011 para 49,3 milhões de toneladas em 2016. Percebeu-se que as formas mais utilizadas de destinação foram a fertirrigação, caldeira, reutilização externa, reciclagens interna e externa, barragem de rejeito e incorporação em solo agrícola. Neste contexto, destaca-se a importância relacionada à compreensão adequada do processo produtivo, seus impactos negativos e a busca contínua por estratégias e ações que minimizem tais efeitos, visando a conformidade com a legislação vigente e o reaproveitamento de materiais.

Solid Waste Disposal in Chinese Cities: An Evaluation of Local Performance

China meets increasingly serious solid waste problems and has adopted various policies in response in recent years. Meanwhile, few studies have investigated the performance of solid waste disposal through statistical analysis with empirical data. This study examines provincial resource use policy’s influence on the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste in Chinese cities. Through comparing results for statistical analysis in the year 2009 and 2015 by multiple linear regression analysis, this study analyzes similarities and differences in the drivers for solid waste disposal in the era of the 11th Five-Year Plan and the 12th Five-Year Plan in China. It finds that the adoption of resource use policy positively increases the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste. Other factors such as industrial SO2 emission, local environmental regulations, GDP per capita, population density and educational level also affect industrial solid waste disposal. Therefore, China should continue implementing solid waste disposal policies, upgrade current industrial systems, push forward economic and social reform and increase environmental education to enhance the effectiveness of solid waste disposal for long-term sustainable development.

Effects of Industrial Solid Waste Toxicityon Different Harvesting Days of Solanum melongena L.

The Industrial solid waste samples were collected at the outlet of release channel of the “Oil and Gas Industry” at Kakinada, air-dried and was brought to the laboratory. The soil amendments were prepared for as Control, Amendment 1,2,3 and 4. The RGR values of Control plants recorded on 21-51, 51-81 and 81-95 day growth periods were 0.0921, 0.0460 and 0.0095 mg/g/d respectively. Both control and A1, A2, A3 and A4 soils showed an insignificant decreasing trend in RGR over the harvesting periods. The relative growth rate in A1, A2, A3 and A4 soils did not exhibit any definite pattern of variation. The high toxicity levels of the Copper, Zinc, Iron and Manganese heavy metals were accumulated in the industrial solid waste. The results of this study stress the need for environmental awareness, adequate regulations and proper management of waste sites by the local municipal authorities and Pollution control board take the necessary actions to control Industrial solid waste disposal site on the Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh and India.

Atividade microbiana em solos sob doses de lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes de um aterro industrial

RESUMO: A destinação final adequada dos resíduos sólidos industriais é um dos principais problemas ambientais. A disposição de resíduos orgânicos em solos pode ser recomendada, dado o potencial corretivo e fertilizante deste. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito em solos da adição de doses de lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes (ETE) de um aterro industrial na atividade microbiana, avaliada pela mineralização de carbono. Foi desenvolvido experimento em frascos respirométricos, analisando a mineralização de carbono em três solos, com cinco doses de lodo durante 91 dias de incubação. A aplicação de lodo com 2Mg ha-1 causou menores impactos à microbiota do solo, não apresentando diferenças em relação ao tratamento controle. Os valores de carbono mineralizado aumentaram com o tempo de incubação em função da adição do lodo, proporcionalmente ao aumento das doses de lodo. A atividade microbiana aumentou com a aplicação de doses de lodo de ETE de aterro industrial, sendo a mineralização de carbono proporcional às doses adicionadas.

Assessment of heavy metal concentrations in surface water sources in an industrial region of central India

Rapid industrialisation and resulting industrial solid waste from power plants and integrated iron and steel industries, have imposed an enormous environmental pressure on water resources of Chhattisgarh, a state in Central India. Rural population living nearby the study area is mainly depended on the available surface water in the form of lakes or pond in their vicinity. Therefore it is necessary to look after the surface water through leachate pollution caused by dumping and disposal of industrial solid waste. In the present study, ten surface water samples each for pre monsoon and post monsoon were collected for analysis from the surrounding areas of a major industrial region of Chhattisgarh. The AAS analysis of the surface water samples shows higher concentration of certain heavy metals above the permissible limits. In the pre monsoon samples the metals Mn and Cr resulted higher concentration and at the same time metals; Cu, Fe and Pb resulted in lower concentrations. Similarly, for the post monsoon samples, Mn, Cr and Fe found with higher concentration, while Cu and Pb resulted with lower concentration. The high amount of heavy metals were found in the analyzed samples shows that there is a real risk for population living in the nearby areas of the industrial region of Chhattisgarh. Therefore a huge amount of industrial wastes produced needs a proper disposal. Unscientific and poorly-managed disposal of industrial solid wastes containing heavy metals needs remediation before discharging into the environment.

Environmental Performance Evaluation of Latin American Industries by Using the Industrial Solid Waste Destination Index (ISWDI)

This research consists in to present the application of the Industrial Solid Waste Disposal Index (ISWDI), that is formed by 7 sub-indexes covering 20 indicators, involving the principles of non-generation, minimization, reuse, recycling, treatment, storage and final disposal. The benchmark that guided the evaluations of ISWDI was obtained from environmental reports, auditable documents and technical visits in the automotive industry textile, cement, power, dairy products and steel industries. The ISWDI developed was simulated from real data and has demonstrated its applicability in the Brazilian reality. Thus, this paper intends to expand the use of the index for Latin America. So, we intend to prove its efficiency in management assessment and to support decision making managers. This analysis was done by comparing the results obtained by the simulation of a Brazilian and a Chilean company, both from the pulp and paper industry. The results proved the efficiency of the model and the compatibility of the expected evaluations. Thus, the ISWDI constitutes a management tool applicable to the reality of Latin America.

Study on General Industrial Solid Waste Situation and its Resource Utilization in Kunming in Recent Years

With rapid industrialization, continuous economic development, increasing population and living standards, the amount of general industrial solid waste generated in Kunming has increased continuously from 2001 to 2011. In 2013, the total general industrial solid waste generation was 33.19 million tons, deceased by 9.59% over 2011. The disposal and comprehensive use amount of general industrial solid waste in Kunming has increased dramatically from 2001 to 2013, and the disposal and comprehensive use rate of industrial solid waste increased fast from 64.39% in 2002 to 97.68% in 2013,but the comprehensive use rate of general industrial solid waste has not increased largely. Kunming’s general industrial solid waste treatment capacity has obvious difference from generation capacity, the produced industrial solid waste each year has the utilization of nearly 40%, with about 60% of the solid waste we cannot use. The disposal and comprehensive use rate of general industrial solid waste is different in different region of Kunming. Although the resource utilization of general industrial solid waste has made some progress in Kunming, the technical level is still very low compared with developed region, specially, the comprehensive utilization rate of phosphogypsum and tailings was not beyond 17% in 2013. Thereafter, much still can be done to improve the treatment and disposal of industrial solid waste in Kunming.

One-Stop Pattern in Harmless Treatment and Disposal of Industrial Solid Waste

It is suggested that industrial solid waste has a wide variety of types. It has complex composition and huge amount, which is proved to be one of the main sources of environment contamination. The damage degree to the environment of industrial solid waste is as dangerous as water pollution and atmospheric pollution. Based on the severe circumstance of industrial solid waste in a worldwide range, this article aimed to describes the definition, classification and the status of disposal, comprehensive utilization and discharge of industrial solid waste in China. And from the view of engineering, puts forward some countermeasures for industrial solid waste disposal - one-stop harmless disposal technology.

Production Technology and Key Equipments for Ceramsite Produced from Coal Fly Ash and Clay

Under the background that solid wastes have been produced and increased continuously, how to change waste into treasure has become an important research topic to achieve sustainable development. Based on a cooperating project with an enterprise, the production technology and key equipments for ceramsite produced from coal fly ash and clay have been studied which is of great significance not only to carry out the industrial solid waste disposal and make best use of resource but also to guide the running of the production line.

Heavy Metal Pollution of Topsoil in the Vicinity of an Industrial Estate Co-Located with a Housing Estate in Southwestern Nigeria

Heavy metals were determined in topsoils around a major industrial estate co-located with a housing estate in the southwestern region of Nigerian. Samples were collected on three-monthly basis for 18 months, from the industrial waste dumpsites, industrial area, residential area, around an effluent channel, outskirts of the estate and control sites. Average levels of Cu (2850 ± 3340 mg/kg), Pb (768 ± 450 mg/kg) and Ni (105 ± 30 mg/kg) at the dumpsites were significantly higher than other locations. At the industrial area and effluent channels, Pb and Cr levels were slightly elevated compared with other metals. Metal levels at the residential area and outskirts of the estate were about the levels in the control. Generally, the degree of contamination within the vicinity of the estate was of the order Cu>Pb>Ni>Cd>Co>Cr. Average total bioavailable (non-residual) fraction of the metals consisted of 52.0% of the metal load, with this fraction for Cd and Pb being 73.9% and 60.7% respectively. Topsoils around the dumpsite were evidently polluted with high levels of copper and lead. Seepage of leachate from the dumpsite has the potential of contaminating ground water reserves. Improper disposal of industrial solid wastes appears to be the likely source of metal pollution in the industrial estate. Heavy metal pollution in the estate can therefore be significantly reduced by prompt and proper disposal of generated solid wastes, and the application of particulate scrubbers in the industries.

Adsorptive Chromium Removal by Some Clayey Soil for Abatement of Tannery Waste Pollution

Leachate migration from uncontrolled municipal and industrial solid waste disposal sites leads to significant subsoil and ground- water pollution. In order to combat this geo-environmental problem, landfill construction must be done in such a way that the solute transport along with leaching is minimal and significantly attenuated. A laboratory-scale investigation was carried out to explore the suitability of different types of clayey soils collected from a leather tannery, as well as from a nearby area located in West Bengal, India. These clayey soils were examined in terms of acting as a liner material in a landfill near a tannery waste disposal site to prevent Cr migration into the surrounding environment. The existence of Cr 6þ in excess of the permissible limit was found in soil and water samples collected from the sites. The compaction study revealed that use of these soils as a compacted clay liner could achieve the desired permeability as high as 1 × 10 � 7 cm∕s. The batch kinetics study showed a reasonable Cr 6þ uptake capacity of the soil (75-90%) in equilibrium conditions. The breakthrough adsorption study was also carried out in a large-scale tank and in a vertical column, which showed a good metal (Cr 6þ ) adsorption capacity