Reproductive System Disorders Research Articles

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL JAHE MERAH (Zingiber Officinale Roxb var Rubrum) TERHADAP KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA MENCIT JANTAN (Mus musculus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI PARAQUAT DIKLORIDA

Paraquat is one of the chemicals that contributes to increasing pollution Indonesia. The careless use of paraquat can increase production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), resulting in damage to a wide range of vital organs and reproductive system disorders such as infertility. ROS in the body can be captured by antioxidants. Red Ginger contains high antioxidants because there are active phenolic compounds such as gingerol, shagaol, zingeron, ginggerdiol, and zingibren which are proven to protect body cells from damage caused by ROS. This study was aimed to test the effectiveness of red ginger extract (Zingiber officinale Roxb. Var. Rubrum) on the quantity and quality of sperm in male mice (Mus musculus L.) induced by paraquat dichloride.This research uses a completely randomized design and is divided into six treatment groups with each four replications: K1 as the control group (only given H2O); K2 (paraquat induced a dose of 20 mg/kg Body Weight (BW) without the administration of the test substances); K3; K4; K5 (paraquat induced a dose of 20 mg/kg Body Weight (BW) and was given a red ginger extract at a dose of consecutive succession 6 mg / ml, 12 mg / ml, 18 mg / ml) and K6 (Only given a test material the red ginger extract as much as 18 mg / ml). Paraquat was given 2 times a week for 21 days and the red ginger extract was given for 35 days. The results of analysis by One-way ANOVA followed LSD at 5% significance level showed the ethanolic extract of red ginger can increase the sperm count, motility, viability and Morphology sperm of mice induced by the paraquat diklorida.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL JAHE MERAH (Zingiber Officinale Roxb var Rubrum) TERHADAP KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA MENCIT JANTAN (Mus musculus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI PARAQUAT DIKLORIDA

Paraquat is one of the chemicals that contributes to increasing pollution Indonesia. The careless use of paraquat can increase production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), resulting in damage to a wide range of vital organs and reproductive system disorders such as infertility. ROS in the body can be captured by antioxidants. Red Ginger contains high antioxidants because there are active phenolic compounds such as gingerol, shagaol, zingeron, ginggerdiol, and zingibren which are proven to protect body cells from damage caused by ROS. This study was aimed to test the effectiveness of red ginger extract (Zingiber officinale Roxb. Var. Rubrum) on the quantity and quality of sperm in male mice (Mus musculus L.) induced by paraquat dichloride.This research uses a completely randomized design and is divided into six treatment groups with each four replications: K1 as the control group (only given H2O); K2 (paraquat induced a dose of 20 mg/kg Body Weight (BW) without the administration of the test substances); K3; K4; K5 (paraquat induced a dose of 20 mg/kg Body Weight (BW) and was given a red ginger extract at a dose of consecutive succession 6 mg / ml, 12 mg / ml, 18 mg / ml) and K6 (Only given a test material the red ginger extract as much as 18 mg / ml). Paraquat was given 2 times a week for 21 days and the red ginger extract was given for 35 days. The results of analysis by One-way ANOVA followed LSD at 5% significance level showed the ethanolic extract of red ginger can increase the sperm count, motility, viability and Morphology sperm of mice induced by the paraquat diklorida.

Does Propolis Extract Alleviate Male Reproductive Performance Through Gonadotropic Hormone Levels and Sperm Quality?

Nowadays, the exploration of natural substances as an antifertility agent is the new paradigm in controlling the production and physiological performance of male and female germ cells. Natural antifertility agents have fewer side effects compared to chemical synthetic antifertility. Among that, the propolis extract was improved the reproductive performance through increasing sperm and male gonadotropic hormone activity. However, the discrepancy remains. Even though the action of testosterone has an essential role during spermatogenesis. However, the higher level of this hormone was also suggested to correlate with infertility. Thus, the circulating testosterone levels can be used as an additional parameter for monitoring reproductive system disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Propolis extract on testosterone hormone levels of Balb C mice (Mus musculus). Male Balb C strain mice (Mus musculus) with age of 10-12 weeks and weight of 25-29 g were used. There were six kinds of treatments were approved, including a control group and five serial dilutions of the propolis extract (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% ). The propolis extract was given peroral for 18 days. Mice were dissected on the 19th day, and its blood was taken to count the levels of testosterone. The quantification of circulating testosterone levels was carried out by using the ELISA test. The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and followed by LSD test. Testosterone level began to increase at 10% concentrations of propolis extract. It can be concluded that Propolis Extract can increase testosterone levels. Thus, it is expected to serve as a potential male anti-fertility agent.

Congenital anomalies in various industrial regions of Bashkortostan Republic

Introduction. Reproductive system disorders, according to many authors, are among integral indicators of sanitary hygienic ill-being of territories and reflect an environmental aggression degree. Ecologic and hygienic studies of reproductive health, conducted in some entities of Russian Federation, demonstrated that environmental substances with mutagenic and reproductivity compromising activity increase prevalence of congenital anomalies 1.4–1.8 times over the reference values. During 2000–2010, prevalence of congenital anomalies in Russia varies within 30.0–30.9‰.Objective. To reveal epidemiologic features of congenital anomalies development in ecologic situation formed by various economy branches.Materials and methods. Ecologic and hygienic evaluation covered reproductive health of women residents in ecologically unfavorable regions. Th e work contained also information on sanitary and hygienic state of environment and public health state, taken from offi cial and public materials of Rospotrebnadzor and Health Ministry of Bashkortostan Republic over 2009–2016.Results. Congenital anomalies in fetus increased. In 2015, 21.4 congenital anomalies were registered per 1,000 children aged under 1 year. High levels of congenital anomalies over 2000–2015 were seen in regions of ores mining and extraction, with high content of heavy metals affecting reproductivity (copper, chromium, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, lead, mercury, manganese, etc.) — in these regions, incidence of congenital anomalies was 3.78 times higher than general level in the Republic.Conclusions. Congenital anomalies levels obviously characterize reproductiverisk of ecologic situation, can be a criterion of sanitary epidemiologic ill-being and serve as an indicator in social hygienic monitoring.

Effects of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. fruits extract on the development and maturation of the reproductive system in immature male rats

In the present study, we investigated the effects of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. fruits ethanolic extract in prepubertal male rats, to evaluate the influence of the extract on the reproductive system and on pubertal development. Experiments were conducted using the rodent pubertal male assay. The plant extract, analyzed by TLC, HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ESI-MS, was administered orally at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg b.w. from post-natal date 21 to post-natal day 53. Age at puberty onset, body growth, development of sexual organs exposure to plant extract or positive control were examined. Results obtained indicate that Kigelia extract, at all doses tested, significantly anticipates puberty and increases body growth and sexual organs development. These effects appears to be due to stimulation of the secretion of androgenic hormones by the compounds found in its extract and scientifically support some of its traditional uses in disorders of the male reproductive system.

Review of Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl.

Lannea schweinfurthii is a valuable medicinal plant species among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa. The aim of the current study was to review existing literature on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of L. schweinfurthii in an effort to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the species. The relevant information on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of L. schweinfurthii was generated from several sources including books, book chapters, theses, scientific reports and journal articles obtained from the library and internet sources such as SciFinder, Wiley, Web of Science, American Chemical Society publications, PubMed, BMC, Elsevier, Science Direct, Scielo and Scopus. Traditionally, L. schweinfurthii is used against reproductive system disorders, respiratory disorders, injuries, headache, blood system disorders, infections or infestations and gastro-intestinal disorders. The phytochemical compounds that have been isolated from L. schweinfurthii include alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. The in vitro and animal studies carried out so far from the crude extracts and compounds isolated from the species exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, anti-apoptotic, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-giardial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, hepatoprotective, larvicidal and cytotoxicity activities. Detailed ethnopharmacological studies emphasizing clinical and toxicological evaluations are needed to assess efficacy and safety of the species as herbal medicine.

SOLANUM TORVUM DAN BIOAKTIVITASNYA

Solanum torvum is a plant originates from America Latin, but has long been cultivated in Indonesia. Ethnobotany of S. torvum is used as a medicine for fever, wounds, dental disorders, reproductive system disorders, and hypertension, asthma, diabetes mellitus, eye disorders, and intestinal disorders. This article was written based on a study of various scientific articles published online and offline, to explain the bioactivities of the S. torvum associated with its use. Solanum torvum has bioactivity as anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetes mellitus, hepatoprotective, anti-ulcer, and analgesic. The ability of S. torvum as an antimicrobial is very potential to be used as a natural food preservative and also as a medicine for various microbial infections.

A Review on Taxonomical Classification, Phytochemical Constituents and Therapeutic Potential of Ficus religiosa (Peepal)

Plant materials found to help the human for their survival in several ways by providing food, shelter, cloth, and medicines. Ficusreligiosa is commonly known as Peepal found to play a role in combination several diseases in traditional practice. It's a large evergreen tree and throughout the India. Ficusreligiosa is known to be a native Indian tree. It is a familiar sight in Hindu temples, Buddhist monasteries and shrines, villages and at roadsides. It is known to be a sacred plant in India and since ancient times it is widely being used to treat various ailments. It has been extensively used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments of the CNS, GIT, reproductive system, endocrine system, respiratory system and infectious disorders. The present review is an attempt to provide a detailed botanical description, classification, Phyto-chemical study, Pharmacological properties of the plant. The various parts of the plants such as stem, bark, fruits, buds, latex are used to treat different diseases such as dysentery, mumps, jaundice, heart diseases, constipation, skin diseases, etc. According to Ayurvedic system of medicine, F. Religiosa (Peepal tree) is well known to be useful in diabetes. Since last couple of years it has also been investigated for the presence of various phyto-constituents belongs to (phenolics, sterols and flavonoids groups).

Autophagy as a new link in the mechanism of development of reproductive system disorders (literature review)

Autophagy as a new link in the mechanism of development of reproductive system disorders (literature review)

Exploring disease-specific methylated CpGs in human male genital abnormalities by using methylated-site display-amplified fragment length polymorphism (MSD-AFLP).

The incidence of male reproductive system disorders, especially hypospadias, has been increasing in developed countries since the latter half of the 20th century. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals from the environment are considered to be involved in hypospadias onset through epigenetic alterations. This pilot study aimed to explore disease-specific methylated CpGs in human patient samples using the methylated-site display-amplified fragment length polymorphism (MSD-AFLP) technique developed by our research group [1]. We compared clinical samples from hypospadias and phimosis patients. Foreskin and blood samples were collected from one- to two-year-old patients with hypospadias (N = 3) and phimosis (N = 3) during surgical treatment. MSD-AFLP analysis showed significantly decreased CpG-methylation levels of genes such as MYH11 and increased CpG-methylation levels of genes such as PLA2G15 in hypospadias patients. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that genes with significantly altered CpG levels were more markedly altered in DNA from blood than from foreskin. Because of the small number of samples, further investigation is necessary to elucidate the association between variations in CpG levels in foreskin and blood DNA and male genital abnormalities. However, our MSD-AFLP method appears to be a useful tool for exploring disease-specific methylated-CpGs in human epidemiological studies.

The Effect of Noise Stress on Adult Male Rat Sperm Parameters and the Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Cinnamomum verum Extract: An Experimental Study

Background: Noise is one of the harmful environmental factors and an inevitable phenomenon in workplaces. Noise stress can lead to endocrine and reproductive system disorders. Objectives: This experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of noise stress on sperm parameters and the protective effect of hydroalcoholic Cinnamomum verum extract in adult rats. Methods: A total of 32 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8). Group 1 was treated with distilled water (control), Group 2 was treated with 75 mg kg-1 hydroalcoholic C. verum extract, Group 3 was exposed to noise (100 dB) for the eighth/day, and Group 4 was exposed to noise and treated with 75 mg kg-1 hydroalcoholic C. verum extract by gavage. After 50 days, the rats were anesthetized, blood samples were collected, and the cauda epididymis was removed to examine sperm parameters. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: In Group 3, noise stress significantly decreased the levels of sex hormones (LH, FSH, and testosterone), sperm viability, and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm compared to the control group. In Group 2, the levels of sex hormones and sperm parameters increased significantly compared to the control group. Comparison of the results of Groups 3 and 4 showed the protective effect of C. verum extract on the levels of sex hormones and sperm viability. Conclusions: It is recommended to investigate the action mechanism of C. verum effect on the male reproductive system of animal models and humans who work in noisy environments.

Замісна терапія левотироксином у збалансуванні гормональних взаємовідношень при субклінічному гіпотиреозі у жінок репродуктивного віку

6 months levothyroxine appointment in 80 reproductive-age women with subtypical hypothyroidism contributed to the normalization of hormonal interactions in the pituitary-ovarian axis with the elimination of reproductive system disorders in 58.8% cases. Hormonal disorders with hyperprolactinemia persisted in 41.2% of women, so they continued substitution therapy with the inclusion of selective dopamine receptor blocker of cabergoline. After 9, and even more after 12 months of this treatment, both the normalization of the hormonal profile and the elimination of clinical manifestations of disorders in the reproductive system were achieved. Key words: hyperprolactinemia, cabergoline, menstrual disorders, reproductive system, hormones.

An Investigation of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) and Bovine Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus (BPI3V) Infections in Small-Scale Cattle Herds in Afyonkarahisar Province

Respiratory and reproductive system disorders are the most important problems of ruminant breeding and cause great economic loss. Bovine viral diarrhea and bovine parainfluenza 3 infections are among the leading respiratory pathogens and are very common in our country. The aim of this study is to serologically investigate the status in family-type small-scale enterprises of these two virus infections throughout Afyonkarahisar province. For this purpose, 1.279 adult cattle blood samples were collected from all the districts, which were not vaccinated recently for these infections. Sera samples were controlled using standard virus neutralization test and seropositive samples were re-tested to determine antibody titers. Pestivirus-specific antibody presence was detected in 978 (74.9%) cattle, and the rates varied between 50.7% (Ihsaniye) and 92.8% (Cay) according to the districts. For BPI3V, the least positivity was found in Sinansa (58.8%) while the highest rate was detected in Emirdag with 97.5%. In total, 82.7% (1.058 / 1.279) seropositivity was determined. As a result, the determined values for these economically important infections are not very different from those obtained in the country, but are higher than expected due to the target population. Considering that the domestic animal population has decreased, supporting of small producers with national or regional preventive practices is gaining importance.

Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Cardiometabolic Diseases and Related Complications.

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a glycoprotein that belongs to the superfamily of serine protease inhibitors, serpins. It was first identified as a neuronal differentiating factor secreted by human retinal pigment epithelial cells, and then found to be the most potent inhibitor of pathological angiogenesis in mammalian eyes. Recently, PEDF has been shown not only to suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in vascular wall cells, T cells and macrophages, and adipocytes, but also to exert antithrombotic and anti-fibrotic properties, thereby protecting against the development and progression of various cardiometabolic diseases and related complications. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has suggested that circulating PEDF levels may be a biomarker of severity and prognosis of these devastating disorders. Number of subjects with visceral obesity and insulin resistance is increasing, and the metabolic syndrome and its related complications, such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatits, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are a growing health challenge. Therefore, in this study, we review the pathophysiological role of PEDF in obesity and metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, diabetic eye and kidney complications, liver diseases, and reproductive system disorders, and discuss the potential clinical utility of modulating the expression and actions of PEDF for preventing these cardiometabolic disorders. We also refer to the clinical value of PEDF as a biomarker in cardiometabolic complications.

Male infertility in a large industrial city: the role of chemical, physical and emotional factors

The problem of infertile marriages has worsened recently in the world. Today there are 60.0 to 80.0 million infertile couples, in 40.0% of cases married couples are infertile due to a man's fault. The aim of the work is to analyze specialized scientific literature for generalization of data on modern views on etiology and pathogenesis of male infertility in urbanization. Materials and methods. Available scientific sources over the past five years, devoted to the mechanisms of male infertility in urbanization are studied by the methods of overview, system and content analysis. The data of the world statistics are presented and the data of modern researches devoted to the influence of chemical, physical and emotional factors on the parameters of male infertility are analyzed. It is accentuated on active forms of oxygen and parameters that reflect the morphological and functional state of spermatozoa, as well as the problems of male infertility that need to be addressed. A number of other factors affecting male infertility have been analyzed, in particular: food factors in urbanization, the role of chemical compounds in the anthropogenic environment, the importance of emotional factors and the risk caused by physical factors. Conclusions. It has been confirmed that external conditions have a serious impact on the development of reproductive system disorders in men, although their causes and structure are still unclear, are controversial despite a convincing list of factors that interfere with spermatogenesis. Based on the sources studied, it can be argued that there is no single model of oppression of the male reproductive function that can explain pathogenetic changes in various components of the reproductive apparatus, depending on the direction and strength of the adverse factor. The creation of such a model will make it possible to approach the issue of prevention of reproductive disorders in a context of various external factors. To study the relationship between stress and the development of secondary infertility and subfertility in men, it is necessary to study further the patterns obtained on the basis of clinical-laboratory, statistical and epidemiological studies.

Method of comlex medicamental contraception in females of domestic animals

The article presents studies on the use of hormonal contraceptive drugs based on megestrol acetate and comparisons with the developed by us comprehensive drug scheme of contraception. For the experiments were selected 115 clinically healthy female cats aged 1.5 to 6 years and 79 bitches aged 2 to 7 years. They were divided into two groups, control and experimental. Animals of the control group were given only the contraceptive drug on the basis of megestrol acetate, and the animals of the experimental group prescribed a contraceptive drug on the basis of megestrol acetate in combination with homoeopathic preparations «Ovaryovit» and «Mastometrin», which were injected intramuscularly in the dosage for middle and large dogs 2–4 ml, female cats and small breeds of dogs 0.5–2 ml, three times per week, course of treatment six weeks. Diagnosis of the reproductive system and the mammary gland of females of the control and experimental groups of animals for the presence of pathology were conducted one year after the administration of drugs by ultrasound and clinical examination. As a result of the research, it was found that as a result of the comprehensive use of the contraceptive drug on the basis of megestrol acetate with homoeopathic drugs «Ovaryovit» and «Mastometrin», the percentage of diseased animals in the experimental group (disorders at the reproductive system and mammary gland) among cats was less than 16% in comparison with control (P ≤ 0.005). The disorders at the reproductive system and mammary gland in the experimental group of cats were reversible and did not require surgical intervention. In the experimental group of bitches, the percent of animals with disorders in reproductive system and mammary gland were smaller by 22.4% compared with the control group of animals (P ≤ 0.005). And also all disorders at the reproductive system and mammary gland in the experimental group of cats were reversible and did not require surgical intervention. The use of drug contraception in combination with homeopathic remedies for the reproductive system of animals showed a significant reduction in the incidence of pathology of the reproductive system and the mammary gland in cats and females. The use of homeopathic remedies, simultaneously with the setting of synthetic progestogens, reduced the negative impact on the reproductive system and mammary gland of female animals (cats and bitches) with complete suppression of estrus.

Potential role of orexin A binding the receptor 1 for orexins in normal and cryptorchid dogs

BackgroundCryptorchidism is one of the most common birth disorders of the male reproductive system identified in dogs and other mammals. This condition is characterised by the absence of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) gonads from the scrotum. The peptides orexin A (OxA) and B (OxB) were obtained by post-transcriptional proteolytic cleavage of a precursor molecule, called prepro-orexin. These substances bind two types of G-coupled receptors called receptor 1 (OX1R) and 2 (OX2R) for orexins. OX1R is specific to OxA while OX2R binds the two peptides with equal affinity. Orexins modulate a great variety of body functions, such as the reproductive mechanism. The purpose of the present research was to study the presence of OxA and its receptor 1 and their possible involvement in the canine testis under healthy and pathological conditions.MethodsThis study was performed using adult male normal dogs and male dogs affected by unilateral cryptorchidism. Tissue samples were collected from testes and were divided into three groups: normal, contralateral and cryptic. The samples were used for immunohistochemistry, Western blot and in vitro tests for testosterone evaluation in normal and pathological conditions.ResultsOxA-immunoreactivity (IR) was described in interstitial Leydig cells of the normal gonad, and Leydig, Sertoli cells and gonocytes in the cryptic gonad. In the normal testis, OX1R-IR was described in Leydig cells, in pachytene and second spermatocytes and in immature and mature spermatids throughout the stages of the germ developing cycle of the male gonad. In the cryptic testis OX1R-IR was distributed in Leydig and Sertoli cells. The presence of prepro-orexin and OX1R was demonstrated by Western blot analysis. The incubation of fresh testis slices with OxA caused the stimulation of testosterone synthesis in the normal and cryptic gonad while the steroidogenic OxA-induced effect was cancelled by adding the selective OX1R antagonist SB-408124.ConclusionsThese results led us to hypothesise that OxA binding OX1R might be involved in the modulation of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in canine testis in healthy and pathological conditions.

MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT IN WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS

Chronic endometritis (CE) is one of the most common disorders of the female reproductive system. Identification of the infectious cause of CE remains a persistent problem, especially in light of the recent concept of the microbiome. The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbiome in the cervical canal and uterine cavity in patients with CE compared with CE-free women. Materials and methods. A total of 75 women of reproductive age were examined: of those, 33 were CE-free (group 1) and 42 – diagnosed with CE (group 2). To study the microbiological characteristics of the genital tract, we used our original technique able to minimize contamination of uterine samples by cervical microflora. Results. In both groups of women, positive growth of microflora (mostly, Lactobacillus) in either cervical or uterine cavity samples was found. In women with CE, a different type microflora dominated: thus, in every 8th patient of group 2, the cervical canal samples contained β-lactamase producing by Escherichia coli, which indicated a highly rational antibiotic therapy. Conclusion. We propose that the somatic status plays a crucial role in the overall body response to a pathogenic microorganism. In our study, the microbiomes of the endometrium and the cervix were similar, but not identical; there were differences between the women with different medical conditions.

Oxidative stress in the syndrome of polycystic ovaries: prognostic value, correction possibilities

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a widespread multifactorial endocrine pathology, which includes both reproductive system disorders and non-reproductive disorders. Among the links in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in PCOS, the so-called mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role, which has a close connection with the formation of oxidative stress. In this regard, the markers of the oxidative stress should be used in the complex diagnosis of PCOS and associated complications. The use of antioxidants in complex correction and prevention of disorders accompanying this syndrome deserves special attention.

The features of the first trimester of pregnancy course in first-time mothers over 40 years old

The purpose of the work is the pregnancy miscarriage frequency reduction in primiparous women over 40 years old on the basis of the clinical-echographic, endocrinological, biochemical and microbiological changes study. Materials and Methods. A clinical-functional and laboratory studies were performed on 40 primiparous women over 40 years old, divided into two groups (the first group was divided into two subgroups). Results. In the current conditions the frequency of premature abortion varies within 10-25%. Despite the fact that many scientific groups in Ukraine and abroad work to solve this problem, the level of miscarriage is from 5.0 to 10.0%. Among the various risk factors for miscarriage a greater importance is put on the women’s reproductive history, especially in terms of age for women and men who are planning a pregnancy. The progress of modern reproductive medicine has created the prerequisites for origin of reproductive system disorders understanding in women and provided an opportunity for mechanisms of miscarriage better understanding in women who are naturally pregnant and with assistive reproductive technologies (ART). The special group of risk consists of primiparous women over 40 years old. Apart from that the miscarriage pathogenesis in these women, including after the ART, is underinvestigated. There are no clear data on the peculiarities of the fetoplacental complex formation and functional state and of a fetus and a newborn state depending on the endocrinological and immunological features. Additionally, there are no data on the possibility of miscarriage prevention and early diagnosis, taking into account the option of pregnancy. Conclusions. As the results from the first trimester of pregnancy have shown, primiparous women over 40 years old represent a high-risk group of miscarriage with a frequency of 15.0%. This complication develops against the background of pronounced echographic changes (amniotic hypoplasia, premature obliteration of exocelom, accelerated growth or early hydramnion and chorionic hypoplasia); dyshormonal disorders (decrease in the content of E and GHG); immunological (reduction in the number of CD3+ and CD4+ with increasing number of CD8+); biochemical (increase in the content of β-lipoproteins, triglycerides and LF) and microbiological (decrease in the number of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria against the background of staphylococci various strains growth) disorders. These findings should be taken into account in algorithm of management plan development for primiparous women over 40 years old in the first trimester of pregnancy.