Disease Hospital Research Articles

Examining the effect of air pollutants on Parkinson’s disease hospitalization among Medicare beneficiaries using traditional and causal inference approaches

Examining the effect of air pollutants on Parkinson’s disease hospitalization among Medicare beneficiaries using traditional and causal inference approaches

Examination of Cases Who Admitted to the Emergency Department of a Mental Health Hospital in 2020

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of cases who admitted to the emergency department of a mental health hospital in 2020. Material and Methods: Cases who admitted to the emergency department of XXX Mental Health and Diseases Hospital between 01.01.2020 and 31.12.2020 were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data of the cases were accessed through the patient record system. Results: The total number of applications to the XXX MHDH emergency department between the specified dates was 7071 [5262 (74.4%) male and 1809 (25.6%) female].Sixty-four percent of the cases admitted through the Social Security Institution and 28% through the Ministry of Justice. Seven thousand fifty-five cases (99.7%) were the Republic of Turkey citizens. Three thousand two hundred fifty-four (46.0%) of the cases were evaluated within the scope of medical examination, 1599 (22.6%) were injection, 156 (2.2%) were involuntary hospitalization, and 1887 (26.7%) were judicial illegal substance screening. While 5877 (83.1%) of the cases left the emergency department after examination, 1194 (16.9%) were hospitalized at XXX MHDH. Two thousand one hundred forty-six (30.3%) of the cases were diagnosed with general psychiatric examination, 866 (12.2%) were anxiety spectrum disorders, 1464 (20.7%) were schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and 1658 (23.4%) were bipolar spectrum disorders. A statistically significant difference was found between male and female cases in terms of health insurance (p

Associations of street-view greenspace with Parkinson’s disease hospitalizations in an open cohort of elderly US Medicare beneficiaries

IntroductionProtective associations of greenspace with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been observed in some studies. Visual exposure to greenspace seems to be important for some of the proposed pathways underlying these associations. However, most studies use overhead-view measures (e.g., satellite imagery, land-classification data) that do not capture street-view greenspace and cannot distinguish between specific greenspace types. We aimed to evaluate associations of street-view greenspace measures with hospitalizations with a PD diagnosis code (PD-involved hospitalization). MethodsWe created an open cohort of about 45.6 million Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 + years living in core based statistical areas (i.e. non-rural areas) in the contiguous US (2007–2016). We obtained 350 million Google Street View images across the US and applied deep learning algorithms to identify percentages of specific greenspace features in each image, including trees, grass, and other green features (i.e., plants, flowers, fields). We assessed yearly average street-view greenspace features for each ZIP code. A Cox-equivalent re-parameterized Poisson model adjusted for potential confounders (i.e. age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status) was used to evaluate associations with first PD-involved hospitalization. ResultsThere were 506,899 first PD-involved hospitalizations over 254,917,192 person-years of follow-up. We found a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.96 (0.95, 0.96) per interquartile range (IQR) increase for trees and a HR of 0.97 (0.96, 0.97) per IQR increase for other green features. In contrast, we found a HR of 1.06 (1.04, 1.07) per IQR increase for grass. Associations of trees were generally stronger for low-income (i.e. Medicaid eligible) individuals, Black individuals, and in areas with a lower median household income and a higher population density. ConclusionIncreasing exposure to trees and other green features may reduce PD-involved hospitalizations, while increasing exposure to grass may increase hospitalizations. The protective associations may be stronger for marginalized individuals and individuals living in densely populated areas.

Clinical and Economic Insights into Parkinson’s Disease Hospitalization: A Comprehensive Study of 19,719 Inpatient Cases in Hubei Province, China

Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a profoundly incapacitating neurodegenerative disorder, which presents a substantial challenge to the economic sustainability of the global healthcare system. The present study seeks to clarify the factors that contribute to the costs associated with PD hospitalization and analyze the economic burden it imposes. Methods: We examined data of 19,719 patients with a primary diagnosis of PD who were admitted to hospitals in Hubei Province, China, during the study period. Healthcare data were obtained from the database of electronic medical records. The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the demographic characteristics and investigates the factors that affect their healthcare expenditure. Results: The cohort consisted of 10,442 (53.0%) males and 9,277 (47.0%) females. The age-group of 66–70 years experienced the highest incidence of hospitalization among PD patients, with a mortality rate of 0.76‰. The average length of stay for patients was 9.9 ± 8.6 days and the average cost per patient was USD 1,759.9 ± 4,787.7. Surgical interventions were conducted on a mere 2.0% of the total inpatient population. The primary cost component for these interventions was material expenses, accounting for 70.1% of the total. Non-surgical patients primarily incurred expenses related to diagnosis and medication. Notably, surgical patients faced a substantial out-of-pocket rate, reaching up to 90.6%. Surgery was identified as the most influential factor that negatively affected both length of stay and hospitalization costs. Inpatients exhibited significant associations with prolonged length of stay and increased medical expenditure as age increased. Male patients had significantly longer hospital stays and higher medical costs than did females. Additionally, patient’s occupation and type of medical insurance exerted significant effects on both length of stay and medical expense. Conclusion: Age significantly affects PD hospitalization costs. Given the prevailing demographic shift toward an aging population, the government’s medical insurance burden related to PD will continue to escalate. Meanwhile, high treatment expenses and out-of-pocket rates impose substantial financial burdens on patients, limiting surgical intervention access to a small fraction of patients. Addressing these issues is of utmost importance in order to ensure comprehensive disease management for the majority of individuals affected by PD.

Bir Psikiyatri Hastanesinde Yatan Hastalardaki Ölümlerin Epidemiyolojik Değerlendirilmesi

Individuals with psychiatric disorders have higher early mortality rates than the general population, and all types of mental disorders are associated with a short life expectancy. In this context, assessment of the mortali-ties of both natural and unnatural causes in psychiatric inpatients is of critical importance in terms of mortality epidemiology, which provides data that can help improve the quality and planning of psychiatric care. The popu-lation of this study retrospective, cross-sectional study consisted of inpatients that died in Manisa Mental Health and Diseases Hospital between May 2002 and December 2022. Of the 120 inpatients that died, 119 patients, 63.9% male, and 36.1% female, were included in the study sample. The mortality rate decreased from 3.2% to 0.22% during the period covered by the study. The difference between mortality rates before 2013, when qua-lity and accreditation processes started, and after 2013 has decreased from 74.8% to 25.2%. Of the natural deaths, 45.4% were caused by cardiac arrest, whereas 100% of the unnatural deaths occurred due to suicides. Short hospital stays and close follow-up in the first week of hospitalization are essential in reducing mortality rates in psychiatric inpatients. In addition, increasing the quality of health care in accordance with the national and international quality and accreditation criteria will further reduce the mortality rates in psychiatric inpati-ents.

S986 The Influence of End-Stage Renal Disease on Crohn’s Disease Hospitalizations: A Comparative Analysis in the United States

S986 The Influence of End-Stage Renal Disease on Crohn’s Disease Hospitalizations: A Comparative Analysis in the United States

THU-390 - Demographics, outcomes, and costs of Wilson’s disease hospitalizations: a nationwide cohort study

THU-390 - Demographics, outcomes, and costs of Wilson’s disease hospitalizations: a nationwide cohort study

Examination of the Relationship between Peripheral Inflammation Markers and Impulsivity and Aggression in Schizophrenia Patients Involved and Not Involved in Crime.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between peripheral inflammatory markers and aggression and impulsivity in schizophrenia patients with and without criminal histories. The study was conducted with patients with schizophrenia involved in crimes and hospitalized in the Forensic Psychiatry ward of Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital and patients with schizophrenia not involved in crimes and hospitalized in the psychiatry ward of Elazığ Mental Health and Diseases Hospital. All participants completed the Buss-Waren Aggression Scale (BWAS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Before treatment, venous blood samples were taken for laboratory measurements on the first day of hospitalization. All participants were male. The mean age of those involved in a crime was 39 ± 9.7 years, while the mean age of those not involved in a crime was 41.2 ± 10.7 years. The PANSS all subscale and total scores of the patients with schizophrenia who were involved in a crime were significantly higher than the group who were not involved (p values were p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.043, p = 0.001, respectively). The BWAS-physical aggression (p = 0.007) and total scores of the scale (p = 0.046) and BIS-11-inability to plan (p = 0.002) scores of the group involved in a crime were higher than the group not involved. As for laboratory parameters, MCH, MCHC, PDW, eosinophils, basophils, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD values were significantly higher in those involved in crime, while MPV, creatinine, albumin, and LDH values were lower. CRP and CRP/albumin values were significantly higher, while neutrophil/albumin values were significantly lower in those who committed murder in the first degree than those who committed other crimes. Based on our results, we found that inflammatory agents were significantly increased in forensic schizophrenia patients with high aggression scores. Significant correlations between some inflammatory factors and impulsivity and aggression scores and differences in these factors according to crime types showed that these factors might be related to violence and criminal behavior. There is a need for further large-scale studies on this subject at different stages of the disease.

Serbest Zaman Doyumu ile Yaşam Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Manisa Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesi Örneği

Bu çalışmanın amacı Manisa Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesinde çalışan bireylerin (doktor, diyetisyen, biyolog, psikolog, hemşire, hasta bakıcı, memur, hizmetli, güvenlik), serbest zaman doyumları ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi bazı değişkenlere göre incelemek ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi incelenmektedir. Veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ile birlikte 24 maddeden oluşan “Serbest Zaman Doyum Ölçeği” ve 30 maddeden oluşan “Çalışan Yaşam Kalite Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu ise, Manisa Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesinde çalışan seçkisiz olmayan örneklem yöntemlerinden kolayda örneklem yoluyla seçilen toplam 401 (226’sı kadın ve 175’i erkek) çalışandan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS 25.00 paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin istatiksel gösterimlerinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve frekans değerleri sunulmuştur. Değişkenler arasındaki farklılıkların incelenmesinde T-Testi, çok değişkenli varyans analizi (MANOVA) ve Pearson Korelasyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Yapılan t-testi sonuçları neticesinde cinsiyet değişkeni açısından serbest zaman doyum düzeylerinde bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Bununla birlikte çalışan yaşam kalitesi açısından da cinsiyet değişkeninde farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. MANOVA testi sonuçları incelendiğinde serbest zaman doyumun, çalışan yaşam kalitesi üzerinde etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Korelasyon testi sonuçları Manisa Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesinde çalışan gönüllü katılımcıların serbest zaman doyum düzeyleri ile çalışan yaşam kalitesi arasında önemli bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

S73 Impact of Early Biologic Therapy Initiation Following Crohn’s Disease Hospitalization: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis

S73 Impact of Early Biologic Therapy Initiation Following Crohn’s Disease Hospitalization: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis

Trends in diabetes-related foot disease hospitalizations and amputations in Australia, 2010 to 2019

AimTo determine trends in the incidence of hospitalizations and amputations for diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) in Australia. MethodsWe included 70,766 people with type 1, and 1,087,706 with type 2 diabetes from the Australian diabetes registry from 2010 to 2019, linked to hospital admissions databases. Trends in age-adjusted incidence were summarized as annual percent changes (APC). ResultsIn people with type 1 diabetes, total DFD hospitalizations increased from 20.8 to 30.5 per 1,000 person-years between 2010 and 2019 (APC: 5.1% (95% CI: 3.5, 6.8)), including increases for ulceration (13.3% (2.9, 24.7)), osteomyelitis (5.6% (2.7, 8.7)), peripheral arterial disease (7.7% (3.7, 11.9)), and neuropathy (8.7% (5.5, 12.0)). In people with type 2 diabetes, DFD hospitalizations changed from 18.6 to 24.8 per 1,000 person-years between 2010 and 2019 (APC: 4.5% (3.6, 5.4); 2012–2019), including increases for ulceration (8.7% (4.0, 13.7)), cellulitis (5.4% (3.7, 7.0)), osteomyelitis (6.7% (5.7, 7.7)), and neuropathy (6.9% (5.2, 8.5)). Amputations were stable in type 1, whereas in type 2, above knee amputations decreased (-6.0% (-9.1, −2.7). Adjustment for diabetes duration attenuated the magnitude of most increases, but many remained significant. ConclusionsDFD hospitalizations increased markedly in Australia, mainly driven by ulceration and neuropathy, highlighting the importance of managing DFD to prevent hospitalizations.

On the Body

On the Body

Cross-platform mobile app development for disseminating public health information to travelers in Thailand: development and usability

BackgroundThe risk of disease is a key factor that travelers have identified when planning to travel abroad, as many people are concerned about getting sick. Mobile devices can be an effective means for travelers to access information regarding disease prevalence in their planned destinations, potentially reducing the risk of exposure.MethodsWe developed a mobile app, ThaiEpidemics, using cross-platform technology to provide information about disease prevalence and status for travelers to Thailand. We aimed to assess the app’s usability in terms of engagement, search logs, and effectiveness among target users. The app was developed using the principle of mobile application development life cycle, for both iOS and Android. As its data source, the app used weekly data from national disease-surveillance reports. We conduced our study among visitors to the Travel Clinic in the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. The participants were informed that the app would collect usage and search logs related to their queries. After the second log-in, the app prompted participants to complete an e-survey regarding their opinions and preferences related to their awareness of disease prevalence and status.ResultsWe based our prototype of ThaiEpidemics on a conceptualized framework for visualizing the distribution of 14 major diseases of concern to tourists in Southeast Asia. The app provided users with functions and features to search for and visualize disease prevalence and status in Thailand. The participants could access information for their current location and elsewhere in the country. In all, 83 people installed the app, and 52 responded to the e-survey. Regardless of age, education, and continent of origin, almost all e-survey respondents believed the app had raised their awareness of disease prevalence and status when travelling. Most participants searched for information for all 14 diseases; some searched for information specifically about dengue and malaria.ConclusionsThaiEpidemics is evidently potentially useful for travelers. Should the app be adopted for use by travelers to Thailand, it could have an impact on wider knowledge distribution, which might result in decreased exposure, increased prophylaxis, and therefore a potential decreased burden on the healthcare system. For app developers who are developing/implementing this kind of app, it is important to address standardization of the data source and users’ concerns about the confidentiality and safety of their mobile devices.

Investigation on psychological stress of newly recruited nurses in a specialist hospital for hepatobiliary diseases and related countermeasures

Investigation on psychological stress of newly recruited nurses in a specialist hospital for hepatobiliary diseases and related countermeasures

The effect of seasonal and extreme floods on hospitalizations for Legionnaires’ disease in the United States, 2000–2011

BackgroundAn increasing severity of extreme storms and more intense seasonal flooding are projected consequences of climate change in the United States. In addition to the immediate destruction caused by storm surges and catastrophic flooding, these events may also increase the risk of infectious disease transmission. We aimed to determine the association between extreme and seasonal floods and hospitalizations for Legionnaires’ disease in 25 US states during 2000–2011.MethodsWe used a nonparametric bootstrap approach to examine the association between Legionnaires’ disease hospitalizations and extreme floods, defined by multiple hydrometeorological variables. We also assessed the effect of extreme flooding associated with named cyclonic storms on hospitalizations in a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) framework. To quantify the effect of seasonal floods, we used multi-model inference to identify the most highly weighted flood-indicator variables and evaluated their effects on hospitalizations in a GLMM.ResultsWe found a 32% increase in monthly hospitalizations at sites that experienced cyclonic storms, compared to sites in months without storms. Hospitalizations in months with extreme precipitation were in the 89th percentile of the bootstrapped distribution of monthly hospitalizations. Soil moisture and precipitation were the most highly weighted variables identified by multi-model inference and were included in the final model. A 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in average monthly soil moisture was associated with a 49% increase in hospitalizations; in the same model, a 1-SD increase in precipitation was associated with a 26% increase in hospitalizations.ConclusionsThis analysis is the first to examine the effects of flooding on hospitalizations for Legionnaires’ disease in the United States using a range of flood-indicator variables and flood definitions. We found evidence that extreme and seasonal flooding is associated with increased hospitalizations; further research is required to mechanistically establish whether floodwaters contaminated with Legionella bacteria drive transmission.

1147-P: Trends in Diabetes-Related Foot Disease Hospitalization, Revascularization, and Amputations in Australia 20to 2019

Hospitalization for diabetes-related foot disease adds considerable burden for people living with diabetes and often leads to lower extremity amputation. We evaluated trends in the incidence of foot disease related hospital admission, revascularization and amputation procedures among people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Australia from 2010-2019. We included 70,766 people with type 1, and 1.1 million people with type 2 diabetes from the Australian diabetes registry (55% male) . We linked the diabetes registry to hospital admissions data to obtain the number of hospital admissions for foot disease, revascularization and amputation procedures. We estimated the annual incidence rates, using people with diabetes as the denominator, and evaluated trends over time with Joinpoint regression. In type 1 diabetes, rates of admission for foot disease and revascularization increased, while amputation rates were relatively stable (Table) . In type 2 diabetes, rates of foot disease admission and revascularization increased. While above the knee amputations decreased, below the knee amputations were stable, and foot and toe amputations increased. Average annual percent changes were generally higher for men than women (i.e. men showed greater increases or less of a decrease over time) . These findings highlight the importance of improving management of diabetes-related foot disease. Disclosure M.Quigley: None. J.I.Morton: None. P.A.Lazzarini: None. J.E.Shaw: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diagnostics, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer Inc., Roche Diagnostics, Research Support; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. D.J.Magliano: None. Funding MQ is supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship. JIM is supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship and Monash Graduate Excellence Scholarship. PAL is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship. JES is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant. DJM is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Research Fellowship. This work is partially supported by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program.

The compensatory reserve index predicts recurrent shock in patients with severe dengue

BackgroundDengue shock syndrome (DSS) is one of the major clinical phenotypes of severe dengue. It is defined by significant plasma leak, leading to intravascular volume depletion and eventually cardiovascular collapse. The compensatory reserve Index (CRI) is a new physiological parameter, derived from feature analysis of the pulse arterial waveform that tracks real-time changes in central volume. We investigated the utility of CRI to predict recurrent shock in severe dengue patients admitted to the ICU.MethodsWe performed a prospective observational study in the pediatric and adult intensive care units at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Patients were monitored with hourly clinical parameters and vital signs, in addition to continuous recording of the arterial waveform using pulse oximetry. The waveform data was wirelessly transmitted to a laptop where it was synchronized with the patient’s clinical data.ResultsOne hundred three patients with suspected severe dengue were recruited to this study. Sixty-three patients had the minimum required dataset for analysis. Median age was 11 years (IQR 8–14 years). CRI had a negative correlation with heart rate and moderate negative association with blood pressure. CRI was found to predict recurrent shock within 12 h of being measured (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.54–3.26), P < 0.001). The median duration from CRI measurement to the first recurrent shock was 5.4 h (IQR 2.9–6.8). A CRI cutoff of 0.4 provided the best combination of sensitivity and specificity for predicting recurrent shock (0.66 [95% CI 0.47–0.85] and 0.86 [95% CI 0.80–0.92] respectively).ConclusionCRI is a useful non-invasive method for monitoring intravascular volume status in patients with severe dengue.

Factors associated with treatment outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus in a Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Centre

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problem, further complicated by the relentless spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The incidence of drug resistant TB among HIV patients is now increasing. Treatment outcomes in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients co-infected with HIV is poorly documented. Objectives: Assessed the treatment outcome of MDR-TB co-infected with HIV treated under programmatic management of drug resistant tuberculosis. Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Krishnajammanni Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases (PK TB &amp; CD) Hospital, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMCRI), Mysore. It is a retrospective study done on patients who were admitted in DRTB center of PK TB &amp; CD hospital, Mysore for initiation of treatment from January 2013 to December 2019. Results: Among the 63 patients studied, 26 patients (41.3%) had a favorable outcome with cure and treatment completed. 25 patients (39.7%) had an unfavorable outcome with death, 9 patients (14.3%) defaulted during the treatment and 2 patients (3.2%) had failure of therapy. Conclusion: Early recognition and treatment of HIV with ART and the clinical stage of the disease during presentation affect the treatment outcome in patients with MDR-TB. Keywords: tuberculosis; HIV; outcome; multidrug resistance; ART

SARS-COV-2 AND TUBERCULOSIS CO-INFECTION: AUDIT ON PATIENT EXPERIENCE ON TREATMENT SERVICES AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL FOR RESPIRATORY DISEASES-WELISARA, SRI LANKA

Background:Patients who are well informed and motivated are more likely to utilize health services, thus, it improves adherence to medication. Hence, this audit aimed to improve the patient experience on treatment services at the National Hospital for Respiratory Diseases (NHRD), Welisara, Sri Lanka. Methods:Patients admitted from 15th August 2021 to 25th February 2022 to the NHRD and diagnosed with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection were included. Twnety-two (22) process indicators were used and data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire.Sixty-percent of thepatients had a good experience for each service received was the standard. Data were presented as frequency distributions and mean with their standard deviation (SD). Informed written consent was obtained prior to the data collection. Results: Out of 60 patients who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 and TB co-infection, 59 were responded (response rate was 98.3%). A majority were males (n=47, 79.7%) and belonged to 41 to 60 age category (n=29, 49.2%). Ten indicators did not meet the standard. The highest experience was shown in perceived waiting time (mean 86.8, SD ± 8.8) and the lowest experience was shown in perceived time spent with the health care provider (mean 57.9, SD ± 11.8). More than half (n=31, 52.5%) of the patients reported overall good experiences on treatment services. However, age and gender did not show any significant relationship with the good experience of treatment services received (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: This audit shows the marginally good experience of treatment services received, but highlight areas such as time to discuss with the doctor, instructions on treatment given by the doctor and information given on available services on continuation of TB treatment are needed much improvement even in the pandemic situation.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infectious disease hospitalizations of neonates at a tertiary academic hospital: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundTo investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases.MethodsWe analyzed data for neonatal inpatients admitted at a tertiary academic hospital with a principal diagnosis of an infectious disease during January 2015 to December 2020. We compared hospitalizations in 2020 (COVID-19 cohort), corresponding with the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and associated containment measures, and the comparable 2015 to 2019 (pre-COVID-19 cohort).Results14,468 cases admitted for neonatal infectious diseases were included in our study, with 1201 cases in the COVID-19 cohort and 13,267 cases in the pre-COVID-19 cohort. The leading causes of hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases remain being respiratory tract infections (median ratio = 0.461, 95% CI 0.335–0.551), sepsis (median ratio = 0.292, 95% CI 0.263–0.361), gastric intestinal infections (median ratio = 0.095, 95% CI 0.078–0.118) and dermatologic infections (median ratio = 0.058, 95% CI 0.047–0.083). The seasonality of neonatal infectious disease hospitalizations could be obviously observed, with the total number and the overall rate of hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases in the first and fourth quarters greater than that of hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases in the second and third quarters in each year (1362.67 ± 360.54 vs 1048.67 ± 279.23, P = 0.001; 8176/20020 vs 6292/19369, P < 0.001, respectively). Both the numbers and the proportions of hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases in different quarters of the COVID-19 cohort significantly decreased as compared with those forecasted with the data from the pre-COVID-19 cohort: the numbers per quarter (300.25 ± 57.33 vs 546.64 ± 100.43, P-value = 0.006), the first quarter (0.34 vs 0.40, P = 0.002), the second quarter (0.24 vs 0.30, P = 0.001), the third quarter (0.24 vs 0.28, P = 0.024), and the fourth quarter (0.29 vs 0.35, P = 0.003).ConclusionsDespite the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the leading causes of hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases remain unchanged. The seasonality of neonatal infectious disease hospitalizations could be obviously observed. The numbers as well as the overall rates of hospitalizations for neonatal infectious diseases in the COVID-19 cohort dramatically declined with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its mitigation measures.