Discourse Phenomena Research Articles

Научно-академический дискурс в образовательном пространстве неязыкового вуза

The article deals with the phenomenon of scientific academic discourse. A nomenclature of discourse typological characteristics is analysed. The concept of scientific academic discourse is defined as a specialized type of institutional discourse. In our research we consider the scientific academic discourse as an integrative concept combining the features of scientific and academic types of discourse due to the interpenetration and intersection of their components. Cognitive and communicative aspects of scientific discourse are examined specific attributes of scientific texts such as harmony, consistency, objectivity and others are determined. The article focuses on the analysis of scientific discourse genre varieties. The authors describe the specifics of functioning of a research paper and a scientific report as main genres of scientific academic discourse, reveal their peculiarities in realizing English language oral and written discourse. From the theoretical and practical points of view both a research aper and a scientific report represent oral/ written communication aimed at scientific informing. The scientific polylexemic templates suggested in the article prove to be useful in academic writing.

Comparative analysis of English and American humor in literary discourse

The article studies humor as a type of comic in the literary discourse. The composition of the traditional comic variety paradigm is determined, including humor, irony, satire, and sarcasm. The leading techniques and linguistic/speech means of representing and enhancing the comic effect in the literary discourse are described. The essentials of their complex description are considered. The concept of humor is analyzed as a linguistic and sociocultural phenomenon in the literary discourse. Attention is focused on investigating the peculiarities of British and American humor. The authors trace the differences between English and American humor in domestic and foreign linguistic and literary sources. The peculiarities of the linguistic criterion itself are revealed, which is essential in linguists' identification and study of humor as a kind of comic. The leading classifications of verbal means, forms, and techniques of humorous wit in the literary discourse are highlighted. Humor among the English tends to manifest itself mainly in times of personal hardship and to be largely self-directed. The most crucial feature of American humor is slang, which is peculiar only to Americans.

Матрица когнитивных фильтров – инструмент анализа лингвокреатем в современном онлайн-дискурсе на английском языке

The article introduces the matrix of cognitive filters as a research method that makes it possible to model the process of inferring the meaning of lingua-createmes in multimodal online discourse. Multimodal linguistic systems are based on a complex interaction of multimodal components. These components combine with basic cognitive mechanisms in decoding various complex phenomena in digital Internet discourse. The research revealed a classification of key cognitive mechanisms that generate the meaning of creative multimodal elements: banner blindness, evaluative categorization, conceptualization, (de)compression of information, profiling, conceptual metaphor, conceptual metaphthonymy, and conceptual integration. The research material involved 18,000 monomodal verbal and multimodal lingua-createmes selected by continuous sampling from English-language Internet resources, as well as visual and verbal corpora. The method proved effective in modelling the general cognitive resonance of lingua-createmes and predicting cognitive resonance / dissonance (positive or negative) in communication. The practical lingua-cognitive experiment involved 335 English-speaking respondents from eleven countries. They were asked to use the matrix of cognitive filters to perform a step-by-step decoding of several creative multimodal elements. The method proved highly effective for detecting cognitive resonance or mental tension, i.e., positive or negative cognitive dissonance. The method demonstrated good prospects for obtaining additional data on reactions to lingua-creative discursive elements.

Media Representation of Tutoring as a Phenomenon of Pedagogical Discourse

The aim of this study is to explore the media representation of tutoring as a phenomenon within pedagogical discourse. An analysis of a thematic corpus of texts reveals that the imported concept of TUTORING acquires new conceptual features that reflect the linguistic and cultural specificity of its interpretation in the Russian-speaking media landscape. Distinctive characteristics of the media representation of the conceptual education of TUTOR are established in comparison with traditional pedagogical professions and its definition in professional standards. It is demonstrated that in the Russian-speaking media discourse, tutoring is perceived by the professional discursive community as a profession of the future, tasked with shaping individuals capable of addressing the global challenges of modernity. Evaluative characteristics of the phenomenon of TUTORING are identified, reflecting its perception by both the professional discursive community and a broader readership. In the former case, positive evaluations prevail, characterized by notions of ‘assistance’ and ‘support’; in the latter, negative evaluative traits emerge, associated with skepticism towards tutoring. Figurative-perceptual characteristics of tutoring are presented, expressed through metaphorical strategies based on source domains such as “Sport,” “Journey,” and “Nature.” The study of the phenomenon of tutoring underscores the significance of the discursive factor in understanding the concept.

PECULIARITIES OF FUNCTIONING OF NEOLOGISMS IN POLITICAL DISCOURSES OF UKRAINE, GREAT BRITAIN, AND THE USA

The article examines the peculiarities of the formation of neologisms in modern Ukrainian and English political discourses. We set the task: to analyze the current ways of word formation in modern political discourse. The lexical features of the political discourses of Ukraine, Great Britain, and the USA are studied. Language is one of those types of human activity that is one of the first to reflect changes in social, political, economic, cultural, and other aspects of human activity. A living language develops very quickly, under the influence of internal and external factors it adapts to constant changes in social, cultural, and scientific life. Each change in society gives rise to new words and terms, that is, the creation of new words in the language is carried out as a reflection in the language of social needs in the expression of new concepts.New words in the language are a reflection of objective reality. New formations in a certain historical period are determined by both intra-speech and extra-speech factors, which play a key role in the study of certain language changes. Understanding neology as the lexical renewal of the national language by borrowing new formations and new meanings, it should be noted the importance of this process for the phenomenon of political discourse.

Emotionalization of mass discourse as compensation for the crisis of reference

This article comprehensively explores and analyzes the main reasons for the emergence of a clearly emerging imbalance between the emotional and rational components of the communicative space of modern mass discourse, as well as the imitation role of the emotions of a participant in modern discursive practices, which, in essence, are designed to compensate for his lack of opportunities, methods and channels to summarize the information received. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of such situations of manipulation of emotions at the individual or mass level within the framework of modern mass discourse, which are on the verge of complying with the law, or even go beyond this line. In conclusion, the interrelated phenomena of insincere discourse and the crisis of reference are considered, the correlation between which is assessed as one of the most significant and weighty confirmations of the prevalence and frequency of the use of processes of forced emotionalization of a number of discursive practices. In the vast majority of discursive practices, the emotions of the object of information today play the role of masks, screens, curtains, decorations, against which there is an imitation of a reference that is actually absent. In modern mass discourse, all information without notes is rarely conveyed to the audience, while facts are replaced by interpretations or turn out to be staged events. The main reason for the emotionalization of mass discourse is allegedly following the ideas, expectations and emotions of the mass audience – information is presented in such a way that everyone sees, hears, reads what they themselves would like to see, hear, read. The crisis of reference within mass discourse has an artificial and deliberately provoked character. The crisis of reference imposed on society by the main moderators of mass discourse deforms the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic norms of natural language, which makes it possible to manipulate both the meanings of words and syntaxes themselves, and their mass perception.

Is Intellectual Humility Compatible with Political Conviction?

Intellectual humility is often proposed, these days, as an antidote to the profound lack of respect, tolerance, and openness to other views in contemporary politics. Moreover, deficiencies of intellectual humility are clearly at work in now-familiar displays, in political discourse, of arrogance, dogmatism and related phenomena, like polarization. Although we agree that there are roles for intellectual humility, we identify two problems. First, previous research on the relationship between intellectual humility and political conviction has ignored empirical and theoretical work indicating that humility does often result in apathy or lack of political conviction. Second, there are different forms or kinds of intellectual humility which can relate to political conviction in many ways. We end the paper by describing a kind of political quietism, which includes quite different accounts of the nature of intellectual humility.

Феномен гендерного беспокойства и его роль в процессе становления гендерной идентичности

Nowadays, society is undergoing a shift in its perception of individuals within a changing world. Accelerating globalization, the transformation of social institutions and the increasing importance of non-traditional values in Western society are becoming not only a matter of personal perception, but also a topic of public discourse. In these conditions, the formation of gender identity is not merely a biological process but also significantly influenced by societal understanding, as the definition of gender roles in society undergoes shifts. The phenomenon of gender dysphoria emerges, characterized by a contradiction between personal perception of gender identity and societal perceptions. The study is devoted to identifying the role of this phenomenon in modern discourse, considering an analysis of its interpretation. The author concludes that the phenomenon of gender dysphoria in the formation of gender identity is associated with understanding gender as a sociocultural category. By recognizing gender as a complex interplay of biology, culture, and personal identity, society can move towards more inclusive and understanding frameworks for gender expression.

Menstruation in PE. Exploring students’ perspectives in online forums

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore how students interpret and negotiate menstruation in PE in online forums. We conducted a qualitative discourse analysis of 12 threads from 4 different German-language online forums, in which menstruation in PE is discussed by students. Our goal was to analyse which topics structure this online discourse and how menstruation in PE is constructed as a discourse phenomenon. The study found that participation in PE during menstruation and the use of hygiene products are the dominant topics, with swimming in PE gaining particular attention. The results further detail that students’ online posts invoke specific causes, conditions, consequences, and strategies for dealing with menstruation in PE. The results indicate that students posting in online forums mainly interpret menstruation as an individual, shameful, restrictive, and unpleasant issue, stabilising norms of silence and concealment. Future research and pedagogical approaches must account for this.

<i>Skažem tak</i>: Discourse markers originating from verbs of speech in Russian

Based on data from the Russian National Corpus, first and foremost, from its multimedia corpus, we address two members of the family of discourse markers developed from the finite form of the verb of speech skažem (the first person plural present tense form of the verb ‘say’): isolated skažem and its combinations with an adverb or a pronominal adverb such as skažem prjamo ‘let’s put it bluntly’, skažem tak ‘let’s put it this way’, etc. We show that these markers demonstrate a typical pragmaticalization trajectory: unlike the original speech verb, they do not refer to a speech event, their main function is to express a fuzzy nomination, or hedging, i.e., these markers are used when the speaker disclaims responsibility for the possible inaccuracy of the propositional content or of the nomination used in relation to the fixed propositional content. We demonstrate the main shifts in the distribution of these markers, which occur due to the fact that they fall out of the rigid clausal structure and acquire the status of an operator which scopes over discourse segments of various (potentially any) length. We study the main prosodic properties of these markers instrumentally and perceptually and, in addition, discuss the use of markers of this family together with other means of signaling that the speaker needs additional efforts in choosing an adequate expression. These can be other lexical markers of fuzzy nomination, lexical and prosodic indicators of an open list, self-corrections, signals of hesitation (filled pauses, non-phonological lengthening of sounds), etc. The results obtained convincingly show: (1) that even within the same family of markers, the shift from a unit with propositional meaning to a discourse marker can follow different trajectories and lead to larger or smaller shifts in meaning and form; and (2) that the study of discourse markers that uses data on prosody and such specific phenomena of oral discourse as speech disfluencies makes it possible to get more comprehensive lexicographic portraits of single units and their families.

Повесть И. С. Тургенева «Первая любовь»: на границах идиллии

The paper is dedicated to analysing Ivan Turgenev’s novella “First Love” (1860), which has not undergone detailed philological scrutiny before. The research aims to identify the border phenomena of the idyllic discourse and its specificity. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in examining the boundaries of the idyllic through the analysis of characters, chronotopes, and the motif system in the novella. The research findings revealed that in Turgenev’s work, all types of idyll – rural, familial, and romantic – are seemingly present, but they are only represented at the level of genre-specific features (beautiful nature, youthful age, first love). The novella represents a recollection, reflection, a turn to the “golden age” of the hero’s youth, his first infatuation, thus demonstrating elegiac traits. Through the lens of idyllic images, motifs, and details of the chronotope, their quasi-significance is seen. Semantic signs (the garden, linden trees, alleys) serve as substitutes for unrequited love. Details of “locus amoenus” are merely symbols linking the author’s work to the idyllic tradition, but in reality, they deviate from reader expectations and demonstrate the opposite of an idyllic world perception.

Modeling as a research method: a library science discourse

Significant changes in the library industry resulting from its transformations require new models of activity and are characterized by a lack of systematic scientific research on the use of the modeling method in library science theory and practice. This determines the relevance of identifying the state, directions of use and generalizations of the method in library science discourse. Using the semantic analysis of the documentary flow of publications in professional library science journals by keywords, the article analyzes the documentary flow of publications that reflect the results of scientific Ukrainian research and illustrate the representation of modeling in librarianship by conditionally selected generalized thematic clusters. It is concluded that the outlined areas of modeling processes and phenomena in the library science discourse indicate that significant changes in the library industry as a result of its transformations are the subject of attention of Ukrainian researchers, and the results obtained can serve as a significant scientific and methodological basis for further research. In the absence of systematic research and educational and methodological support in the form of textbooks and manuals on modeling in library theory and practice, the existing scientific heritage can be generalized and translated into the educational process of training applicants for master's and doctoral degrees as a proven tool and result of scientific knowledge, for the acquisition of competencies defined by the Standard of Education in the specialty "Information, Library and Archival Affairs".

Феномен коммуникативной демонстративности в современном дискурсе

This article is devoted to the problem of communicative demonstrativeness in the speech of a modern person. The purpose of the work is to identify and describe the leading features of the communicative category of demonstrativeness as a new phenomenon of modern discourse that has emerged as a result of socio-cultural evolution. As a result of the study, it is established that communicative demonstrativeness is an actual universal norm of interaction, which is the communicative tonality that structures the process of verbal communication and performs the function of self-manifestation and means of emotional influence on the addressee. Demonstrativeness is considered as a universal component of the sign, objectifying and conveying a certain meaning. Communicative demonstrativeness is actualized at all language levels and is implemented in speech products through the use of various linguistic and non-linguistic means. It is found that the leading means of expression of this communicative category are explicit semantic means, peripheral — lexico-grammatical means and paralinguistic signs. Its main types are positive and negative varieties. Communicative demonstrativeness is manifested in all circumstances of communication within the framework of socially communicative spheres. Being a form of mental reflection of reality, demonstrativeness determines the national communicative behavior of an individual people and the standards of the global communicative space.

Интерпретации феномена профессии в социологическом дискурсе

The article scrutinizes the various aspects of the conceptualization of profession in sociological discourse. The works of both foreign and domestic sociologists are analyzed. Using the method of discourse analysis, inter-pretations of the phenomenon of profession as a social association, a subculture, a set of networks and con-nections, a social institution, as well as an independent discourse have been identified. A discourse analysis of the types of professional communities is presented depending on the main sociological parameters: status, sense of significance/closeness, isolation, cohesion, degree of loyalty, value of belonging to the community. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of the profession as a social institution, expressed in the pres-ence of attitudes and patterns of behavior, symbolic cultural characteristics, specific ethics and ideology. A set of aspects of the systemic impact of professional discourse on personality is defined. The article develops a generalizing model of interpretation of the given phenomenon in sociological discourse.

Speech and Genre Characteristics of Express Consultation as a New Phenomenon of Medical Discourse

Introduction. The aim of the article is to analyze an extramural express consultation as a genre of oral medical discourse. New telemedicine technologies expand the forms of communication, it results in transformation of the dialogue between a doctor and a patient when communicating online, which requires linguistic research.Methodology and sources. The article is based on the main theses of the theory of speech genres formulated by M.M. Bakhtin, T.A. Van Dijk, O.B. Sirotinina, T.V. Shmeleva and others. The author has taken the scientific works on the study of speech genres of oral medical discourse as the methodological basis of the analysis. This includes the works of V.V. Zhura, E.A. Ponomarenko, M.I. Barsukova and others. The study applies methods of linguistic analysis of recorded online consultations for speech-genre characteristics of express consultations.Results and discussion. The article gives a description of an express consultation, including the following parameters: communicative goal, utterance content, speech roles of communicators, linguistic embodiment of the genre. The author pays special attention to doctor's communicative style and gives its assessment in terms of achieving communicative and consequently professional success. The author also describes a speech-genre scenario of a medical online consultation and a chain of communicative moves in a doctor's speech.Conclusion. The study shows that doctor's every speech act is specified by a complex system of communicative targets, primarily related to informative goals (requesting information from the patient and providing information in the form of an explanation and recommendation) and therapy goals to maintain a patient's psychological and emotional well-being. Communicators' speech behavior is regulated by the institutional roles of «an agent» and «a client» of an institution, native speakers having their own invariants. The utterance content is specified by a patient's specific complaint and is organized in accordance with the stages of a medical consultation. The study concludes that genre competence as a part of communicative competence in the form of online communication is the most important professional tool of a consulting specialist.

The formation and problems of translation of environmental terms in the Kazakh language lexical system

Relevance. Nowadays social, economic and political systems are taking place in our world. It leads to the emergence of new terms and concepts. New professions also appear. The professions like consecutive interpretation, written translation, simultaneous interpretation demands high competence not only in native language, but also in mastering the foreign language. Good interpreters should have a wide lexicon, not only in the foreign language but also in their mother tongue. Purpose. Aims and tasks of such type of discourse is conditioned by the desire for accuracy an unambiguous interpretation of the text, which is realized through use of terms. Methodology. This article deals with issues concerning ecological discourse phenomenon and its features in the linguistic and translation aspect. Results. Environment becomes very important part of contemporary world community. Ecological problem permeates into communicative activity of society and influences its discursive space. Ecological issues are of the utmost importance in our century. It is due to need to protect the environment from destructive consequences of technological progress. Conclusions. Scientists outlined a special type of discourse – ecological discourse. Scientific ecological discourse has the same features as scientific discourse. Many researches should be done in this sphere, but unfortunately, in Kazakhstan scientists don’t pay enough attention to this problem.

ДИСКУРС ПРОТИВОСТОЯНИЯ В ПОЛИКОДОВЫХ ТЕКСТАХ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МЕДИА

The article presents the methods of communicative influence on recipients. A number of issues are considered, in which the methods of communication impact on recipients through media platforms are indicated. Polycode text in media platforms of different formats appears in the form of sensationalism, which is accompanied by a corresponding sound row and a picture. The aim of the work is to consider the communicative impact in the discourse of sensationalism of some media. Traditional and new medas enclose recipients in a communication framework (frames), thanks to which a picture of the world is formed, reflected in the media. Both traditional and new media served as materials for the consideration of the issue presented in the article. Of particular note is the polycode text presented in visual media, since such areas suggest a variety of ways to influence recipients with the help of music, frame changes, and the personality of the communicator. The methodological basis is the idea of the phenomenon of sensationalism discourse, which combines the semiotic aspect of the study of discourse. One of the important components in this kind of honey is the suggestive component, represented in the form of communication codes of a polycode text. The polycode text allows you to influence recipients and thus form their picture of the world. The discourse of modern media platforms is built on a culture of confrontation with each other, since new media touch on topics and often respond to them in a communicative way. New media appear in the form of a huge number of opinions due to the possibility of platforms in the utterance of each participant of communication, which forms a discourse of sensationalism.

Yusuf Al-Qardhawi's Thoughts and Their Implementation to Indonesian Society

Islam is actually a religion that provides security, comfort, tranquility and tranquility for all its creatures. There is nothing in Islam that teaches its people to hate and harm others. Islam as a perfect religion, namely a religion that brings mercy to the universe (rahmatan lil alamin) always prioritizes the mission of peace, tolerance, moderation and nonviolence. This adaptive and accommodating characteristic of Islam is what the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) championed. A religion that is easily accepted because its teachings are humane and universal. Historically, the entry of Islam in Indonesia was very peaceful and tolerant, as taught by the saints through local culture and could coexist with other religions at that time. But at this time violence or extreme attitudes are a phenomenon that we often hear and see, both in the mass media and the reality that surrounds our environment and society. The phenomenon of Islamic religious discourse in post-reform Indonesia is suspected to have experienced a lot of radicalism and even extremism. The explosion of terrorism in the name of Islam that occurred after the reform until now has made the face of Indonesian Islam in the spotlight in the world. In fact, Islam in Indonesia is Islam that prioritizes moderate principles (al-washathiyyah) in preaching, this characteristic of accommodating Islam is the bulwark of preventing radical religious understanding. Therefore, this study examines more focus and detail about how the concept of Al-Wasatiyyah in Islam according to Yusuf Al-Qaradawi and its implications for Indonesian society.

Феноменология дискурса и формирование дискурсивной компетенции в неязыковом вузе

The article deals with the phenomenon of discourse and discursive competence. The notion of discourse is defined, the interdisciplinary nature of the communicative phenomenon involved is emphasized. Various interpretations of discourse in modern humanities based on the purpose and the subject of each science as well as with regard to the ontological features of the phenomenon concerned are presented. Much attention is given to the analysis of substantial characteristics of discourse. Summarizing the research of scientists the authors make an attempt to solve the problem of the discourse typology and propose their own classification, with the basic principle being different aspects. The article features the essence and the structure of the foreign language discursive competence as an integral component of the communicative competence. Various definitions of the discursive competence are given. The article provides a nomenclature of approaches to master the foreign language discursive competence. A structural analysis of the foreign language discursive competence is conducted, its main components are identified. Ilt is found that the professional model to form the foreign language discursive competence is built in terms of system-forming didactic principles. The stages of training a professionally orientied foreign language within the framework of the discursive paradigm are considered. The article concludes that special psychological and pedagogical conditions contribute to the effective implementation of the process of the formation of the foreign language discursive competence.

Концептуальні виміри німецького магічного реалізму

The article outlines the vectors of methodological research of magical realism and identifies the differential features of this literary phenomenon in the theoretical discourse of German literary criticism. The author of the article focuses on the ambivalence of German magical realism, caused by the combination in magical realist texts of two inherently opposite ways of depicting reality – realistic and irreal. In magical realist texts, the magical appeal of reality is emphasized, when the objects of reality only hint at the existence of another world beyond it, acquiring a numinous aureole in the aesthetic focus of realism. The specificity of magical realism lies in its heterogeneity, and therefore requires the appropriate selection of methodological tools that would open the way to the world of magical realist texts, which in many cases has a multi-level structure with polysemantic content. Special attention within the context of the conceptualization of magical realism is paid to the semiotic model of “double conditioning” by A. Koschorke and the concept of “ruderal space” by B. Schaefer. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that magical realism demonstrates the synergistic effect of the emergence of a certain new artistic space with hidden deep meanings and elliptical structures that form the semantic polyphony of the text with a variable multiplicity of meanings. Through liminality and transgression, the semantic potential of the magical is activated, aimed at overcoming the boundary between the immanent and transcendent worlds.