Disaster Preparedness Training Research Articles

Development of a disaster preparedness training program for community leaders: Evidence from Taiwan

Community leaders are vital in enhancing community disaster preparedness through empowerment, consensus-building, and public engagement. Despite existing programs, Taiwan lacks essential elements like disaster risk perception and healthcare responses. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive training program that incorporates community leaders' perspectives to address these gaps. This study utilized a mixed-methods approach in a two-step process to develop a theory-based training program for community leaders. The first step involved developing a disaster preparedness training program, identifying core elements through literature reviews on the contents and the protection motivation theory, and conducting qualitative interviews with community leaders to assess their training needs. In the second step, the content of the developed training program was validated. Suggestions from five male community leaders were integrated into program development, resulting in four major themes: community resource linkage, protection and assistance for vulnerable groups, evacuation and sheltering, and health care. The developed disaster preparedness training program was named the R3_SAF3E training program. Content validity was assessed by five experts, with item-level content validity indexes (I-CVI) and scale-level content validity index/averaging (S-CVI/Ave) both were 1, and scale-level content validity index/universal agreement (S-CVI/UA) was 0.94. This is the first study in Taiwan to integrate the protection motivation theory based on community leaders’ disaster preparedness needs. The training program demonstrate strong content validity. The results of this study can be used to plan disaster preparedness training for other programs to assist residents in enhancing their disaster preparedness.

Pelatihan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Gempa Bumi pada Guru SMP di Kota Masohi Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

Maluku Province, including Central Maluku, is one of the areas where earthquakes occur most frequently and is at risk of causing problems in people's lives. To overcome the impacts, efforts need to be made to minimize losses due to earthquakes, namely by providing information about disaster preparedness through public facilities such as schools. This is supported by the participation of school stakeholders, one of which is teachers. This community service aims to increase the earthquake preparedness of SMPN teachers in Masohi City. This service activity was carried out through earthquake disaster preparedness training for 60 teachers from 3 SMPN schools in Masohi City, which included providing education, simulation mentoring, and evaluation. The results of this training were proven to be able to improve disaster preparedness for SMPN teachers in Masohi City as evidenced by the increase in the disaster knowledge score (KAP) from 69 to 82; emergency response plan (EP) from 75 to 85; disaster warning (WS) from 60 to 79; resource mobilization (RMC) from 57.4 to 76. Through this training, it is hoped that teachers, especially class teachers, can inform and train students and other teachers in disaster preparedness, especially earthquakes.

Development of Animated Emergency Drills Video to Enhance Early Childhood Understanding of Fire Disasters

This research aims to develop an animated video to enhance early childhood understanding of fire safety procedures. The study employs a modified Research and Development (R&D) model based on Borg and Gall’s framework, comprising six stages: identifying potential and problems, collecting initial data, designing media, validating media, revising the design, and conducting product trials. The video, created using Adobe After Effects and Adobe Animate, was tested on 38 children at RA Tarbiyah Islamiyah. Data collection involved three types of questionnaires: media validation, content validation, and children's comprehension assessment. Validators and teachers evaluated each questionnaire using a checklist scale. Data analysis employed qualitative and quantitative methods to assess the effectiveness of educational media. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in children's understanding of fire emergencies, with pre-test scores averaging 62% and post-test scores at 74.8%. The animated video effectively visualised fire scenarios in a realistic yet comprehensible manner for children, reinforcing safety messages and encouraging prompt and safe responses during fires. The study concludes that animated videos are compelling educational tools for enhancing disaster preparedness among young children. The implications of this research suggest that early childhood education programs should integrate disaster preparedness training into their curricula. Future research should explore the long-term impacts of such interventions, assess their applicability in diverse educational settings, and incorporate additional multimedia elements to enhance engagement and educational outcomes. Collaboration between educators, disaster management professionals, and digital media experts is essential for developing comprehensive and practical safety education resources.

MEMPERKUAT KEBERLANJUTAN MASYARAKAT DESA SIRNA JAYA, BOGOR: PELATIHAN KESIAGAAN BENCANA UNTUK KELOMPOK POKDARWIS RAWA GEDE

Disaster preparedness training in Sirna Jaya Village is important to protect the community from the negative impacts of disasters. In this training, participants learn first aid and risk reduction through different types of disasters. This disaster first aid training involves expert lecture sessions, experience-sharing discussions, focus group discussions, and disaster simulations. After the training, weekly monthly monitoring and evaluation were conducted through interviews, group discussions, and direct observation. Evaluation data is used to evaluate programs and provide recommendations for the development of similar programs in the future. The evaluation results showed positive changes in individual and group preparedness, proving the effectiveness of this training. This training increases knowledge and builds the foundation of resilient and disaster-ready communities.

Mobilization of Community Resources as a Preparedness Effort for Disaster in Aceh, Indonesia

Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia that is a highly disaster-prone area. People in Aceh are required to have disaster preparedness to reduce the disaster risk and impacts. One indicator of preparedness is resource mobilization which can be seen from the preparation of human resources, technical guidance and provision of materials, funding and logistics, social networks, and also monitoring and evaluation. This descriptive study aims to find out how community resources are mobilized. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with a survey approach. The sample collection technique used proportional random sampling with the 257 respondents. Data were collected using the questionnaire used from LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR (2006). A univariate test was used to assess the resource mobilization. The results obtained were 50. 6% of respondents in the poor resource mobilization category. 75% of respondents do not have good human resource preparation, 61.1% of respondents have not participated in technical guidance and provision of materials, 61.9 respondents have not prepared funding and logistics, 77.8% have not prepared social networks well, and 74.3% monitoring and evaluation is still rarely carried out. This research shows evidence that village governments need to increase the mobilization of community resources through collaboration with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) to provide disaster preparedness counseling and training. 9 respondents have not prepared funding and logistics, 77.8% have not prepared social networks well, and 74.3% monitoring and evaluation is still rarely carried out. This research shows evidence that village governments need to increase the mobilization of community resources through collaboration with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) to provide disaster preparedness counseling and training. 9 respondents have not prepared funding and logistics, 77.8% have not prepared social networks well, and 74.3% monitoring and evaluation is still rarely carried out. This research shows evidence that village governments need to increase the mobilization of community resources through collaboration with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) to provide disaster preparedness counseling and training. Keywords: Disaster, Preparedness, Resource Mobilization

The implementation of disaster preparedness training integration model based on Public Health Nursing (ILATGANA-PHN) to increase community capacity in natural disaster-prone areas

Indonesia is at high risk of disasters. Therefore, nursing is expected to play a role in disaster risk reductions in communities. This study aimed to implement the Disaster Preparedness Training Integration Model based on Public Health Nursing (ILATGANA-PHN) to increase the Capacity of community in natural disaster-prone areas by assessing the preparedness level of families and communities in disaster-prone areas. The research method was developed in two stages, including the model preparation stage and the model implementation stage. This research was in the 2nd stage, namely the model impelementation stage. The research design, at the model implementation stage, used the one-sample pre-post test without control group design. The respondents were assessed before and after the ILATGANA-PHN training intervention. The sample size was calculated using the sample size calculation formula for the experimental research design without controls. The samples of the study were 78 people. The result of the research described the ILATGANA-PHN training concepts, including the instrument, curriculum, process, module, and maintenance patterns for the training process. The intervention had a significant effect on increasing the independent preparedness of the people in Kendeng Community, Sugih Mukti Village (ƿ 0.000 ≤ 0.005) in terms of four preparedness parameters, namely knowledge and attitudes about disasters (KA), disaster preparedness plans (PE), disaster warnings (WS), and resource mobilization community (RMC). Nurses have the opportunity to take responsibilities for empowering the community capacity in the disaster area through the implementation of ILATGANA-PHN training. The integrated training model for disaster preparedness based on Public Health Nursing (ILATGANA-PHN) is effective in increasing the community capacity, especially in disaster managements, in disaster-prone areas.

Learner Perception of Disaster Simulation Modalities

Background: Both simulation and tabletop exercises are used in disaster training, but the efficacy of one approach versus the other is lacking. Purpose: This pilot study explored the satisfaction, confidence, and perception of effectiveness among nursing students regarding 2 disaster preparedness training methods: simulation and tabletop exercises. Methods: A comparative quasi-experimental design assessed the effectiveness of 2 simulation experiences. Validated effectiveness and confidence survey tools were completed by 126 self-selected senior prelicensure baccalaureate nursing students after the completion of simulation experiences. Results: Tabletop exercises may be more effective to build confidence and understand pathophysiology. Full-scale simulations may be more effective in facilitating participant expression of feelings and providing a constructive evaluation of the simulation. Conclusions: Variability among facilitators may have impacted the results of this pilot project. Further research is needed to enhance understanding of the effectiveness of tabletop and full-scale simulations for disaster preparedness in nursing education.

Evaluation of a Disaster Preparedness Curriculum and Medical Students' Views on Preparedness Education Requirements for Health Professionals.

In general, medical students perceive themselves as inadequately prepared to assist in disasters. This study evaluated the impact of a disaster preparedness curriculum and medical students' views toward required preparedness education for health care professionals. A comprehensive disaster preparedness curriculum was evaluated on its effect on medical students' views on preparedness education requirements, preparedness, and prior disaster training using self-report survey methodology. Results provide evidence to support curricular effectiveness in significantly increasing initial participant views of health professionals' education requirements, perceived preparedness for integrating professional roles into the emergency response system, and confidence in exposure risk assessment and triage skills. Most participants possessed limited recent prior disaster training and drill experience. Most interestingly, the majority consistently believed throughout the study that disaster preparedness training should be a medical license mandate. For those instructing current medical students in disaster preparedness, it is suggested that a curriculum be chosen that can create participant initial anticipation, awareness, and belief in the importance of and need for disaster preparedness training. Further investigation is recommended into the relationship between students' perceived training importance and any future curriculum delivery efforts on behalf of required or mandatory preparedness offerings in continuing professional development.

‘We knew a cyclone was imminent’: Hazard preparedness and disaster management efficiency nexus in coastal Bangladesh

Natural hazard-prone countries in the global south adopted an anticipatory-preparedness approach in disaster risk reduction (DRR) by shifting away from the response and rehabilitation approach. It was highly associated with the policy recommendations of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) framework. Nevertheless, challenges remained in managing disaster risks due to heterogeneous efficiency among disaster managers. This research examines the institutional effectiveness of the disaster management agency in cyclone-prone areas in southwestern coastal Bangladesh through network analysis. This research also explores institutional efficiency's impact on household preparedness in mitigating losses. We collected two distinct data sets from the local Union Disaster Management Committee (UDMC) and households in the same operational area of UDMC that were at risk of cyclonic disasters. To evaluate the effectiveness of local disaster management institutions, we conducted structured interviews with 336 representatives, spanning eight UDMCs in the cyclone-prone regions. To assess the impact of institutional performance (specifically, the UDMCs) on household disaster preparedness and loss mitigation, we collected data from 696 at-risk households. These households were located within the operational zones of the eight UDMCs, and the data was obtained using a structured questionnaire. Based on the application of social network analysis, our findings demonstrated that UDMC members were more active in the aftermath of disasters, as confirmed by three centrality measures - degree, eigenvector, and betweenness. Consequently, upon employing the Negative Binomial and Poisson regression models, we found a positive association between household engagement with UDMCs and participation in disaster preparedness training. This training appeared to enhance the knowledge and capacity of the respondents. The spill-over effects from disaster preparedness appeared to bolster the resilience of at-risk households, assist them in avoiding disaster-induced damages, and maintain consumption stability in the wake of disasters.

Use of virtual reality exercises in disaster preparedness training: A scoping review.

The scope and number of disasters have increased over the years. This has called for more robust disaster preparedness training and plans. The use of virtual reality exercises in addition to tabletop exercises is considered a new approach to the preparation of disaster preparedness plans. Virtual reality exercises are being developed to either replace or complement current traditional approaches to disaster preparedness training. To review and summarize the current existing literature regarding the effectiveness, advantages and limitations of using virtual reality exercises in disaster preparedness as a complementary/replacement mechanism for real-time drills and tabletop exercises. In this scoping review, we searched PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, PLOS, and Google Scholar for research publications involving virtual reality exercises in disaster training from 2008 to 2022 using "AND" and "OR" operators for the keywords "disaster," "preparedness," "virtual reality," and "tabletop." From a total of 333 articles that resulted in our search and were then evaluated by the authors, 55 articles were finally included in this review. Virtual reality exercises are found to be better in the formulation of disaster preparedness plans compared to tabletop exercises. Virtual reality exercises can be used as the primary means of creating a real-life-like experience in disaster preparedness training and proved at least as better complementary to tabletop exercises. Virtual reality exercises have many advantages over traditional real-life or tabletop exercises and are more cost-effective, but some drawbacks are still identified. The advantages of virtual reality exercises are remarkable and underline their benefits and uses versus costs. We highly encourage decision-makers and institutions dealing in disaster preparedness to adopt using virtual reality exercises in training for disaster preparedness.

Factors Contributing to Pharmacies With Good Disaster Preparedness and the Activities of Their Prefectural Pharmaceutical Association: Pharmacies' resilience and associations.

Pharmacies have a particularly important responsibility to supply medicine to disaster victims in order to save lives. This study investigated the characteristics of pharmacies that are well prepared for disasters as well as the efforts of the prefectural pharmaceutical association (PPA) to which the pharmacies belong. Questionnaires on matters related to disaster preparedness were mailed to 50 randomly selected pharmacies in each of Japan's 47 prefectures as well as all 47 PPAs in Japan. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of pharmacy background and the activities of the PPA to which they belong with pharmacy disaster preparedness as well as the association with pharmacies' awareness of disaster preparedness. Pharmacies in prefectures that conducted disaster preparedness training at least three times a year were better prepared for disasters. In addition, pharmacies with high online utilization and high disaster-preparedness awareness were significantly more prepared for disasters. Pharmacies that can promptly provide medicine to disaster victims are considered to be well-prepared for disasters. The results suggest that pharmacy preparedness is also influenced by the disaster preparedness activities of their prefectures.

A Call to Action: Why Anesthesiologists Must Train, Prepare, and Be at the Forefront of Disaster Response for Mass Casualty Incidents.

Disasters, both natural and man-made, continue to increase. In Spring 2023, a 3-hour workshop on mass casualty incidents was conducted at the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia-American Academy of Pediatrics Annual conference. The workshop used multiple instructional strategies to maximize knowledge transfer and learner engagement including minididactic sessions, problem-based learning discussions in 3 tabletop exercises, and 2 30-minute disaster scenarios with actors in a simulated hospital environment. Three themes became evident: (1) disasters will continue to impact hospitals and preparation is imperative, (2) anesthesiologists are extensively and comprehensively trained and their value is often underestimated as mass casualty incident responders, and (3) a need exists for longitudinal disaster preparedness education and training over the course of a career. In this special article, we have sought to further define the problem and evidence, the capacity of anesthesiologists as leaders in disaster preparedness, and the rationale for preparation with current best practices to guide how best to move forward.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Health Care Providers towards Disaster and Emergency Preparedness in Mtwara, Tanzania

BackgroundOver the past decade, the magnitude and intensity of reported natural and human-made disasters have been rising globally with substantial mortality and long-term morbidity. ObjectivesTo assess the health care providers´ knowledge, attitude and practices towards disaster and emergency preparedness at Ligula Regional Referral Hospital in Mtwara, Tanzania.MethodsA descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 health care providers; and a stratified sampling technique was employed to recruit the participants. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 25.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA) to determine the association between independent and dependent variables. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results More than half 50 (53.2%) and more than three-quarters 75 (79.8%) of the participants had adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards disaster and emergency preparedness respectively. Younger participants aged 20–29 years had 5.252 (95% CI 1.313–21.016) times higher odds of having adequate knowledge of disaster and emergency preparedness than the older groups. ConclusionsMore disaster and emergency preparedness training programs and clinical simulations are needed to enhance the competencies of health care providers in handling disastrous events efficiently.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2023;6(3):303-314

Satuan Pendidikan Aman Bencana (SPAB) and Psychological First Aid (PFA) Workshop' for Volunteers in Forum Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (FPRB) Kabupaten Bandung

Strengthening the capacity of schools at the Kabupaten Bandung level in the government-initiated initiative of socializing Satuan Pendidikan Aman Bencana (SPAB) is one of the responsibilities of volunteers from the Forum Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (FPRB). However, there is currently a lack of qualified volunteers to serve as facilitators for disaster preparedness training for school personnel, including teachers and students. The objective of this workshop activity is to provide knowledge and skills to volunteers from the Bandung Regency Disaster Risk Reduction Forum (FPRB) to enhance their role as disaster volunteers. These FPRB volunteers operate under the guidance and supervision of the Bandung Regency Regent. They actively participate in various disaster-related activities such as disaster response, post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction, and disaster mitigation. The Bandung District consists of 31 sub-districts, most of which are prone to disasters. Workshop modules have been developed to facilitate the training of Forum Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (FPRB) volunteers. Subsequently, the FPRB volunteers, who will serve as facilitators, will conduct SPAB and PFA (Psychological First Aid) sessions. The training was completed within a two-day period.
 Keywords: volunteers, disaster education, school

Knowledge, attitude, and practices about disaster preparedness among resident doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi, India: A cross-sectional study.

Disasters pose various challenges to hospitals' functioning during calamities. Resilient health system is the need of the hour. To work as a safe hospital even during disasters, it is important to sensitize, orient, and train doctors and other medical professionals towards disaster preparedness. This study was conducted to study the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about disaster preparedness among resident doctors. It was a cross-sectional study conducted amongst 363 resident doctors of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi, India. A pretested self-administered semistructured questionnaire was used to gather information. Analysis was done using the SPSS version 21.0 and employing descriptive -statistics. Mean age of the participants was 28.1 ± 2.8 years. Ninety-four (25.9 percent) study participants were found to have good/excellent knowledge about disaster preparedness, only 16.5 percent (60) had good awareness about the hospital's disaster preparedness, and 306 (84.3 percent) study participants had a favorable attitude towards disaster preparedness. Age and educational qualification were found to be significantly associated with knowledge about disaster preparedness. Only 11.6 percent (42) resident doctors attended any mock drill for disaster preparedness in the past 1 year and less than one-fifth (68, 18.7 percent) received training in disaster preparedness. A majority of study participants had a favorable attitude in spite of inadequate knowledge and aware-ness about disaster preparedness. There is a need to address this mismatch between knowledge and attitude through regular sensitization and retrainings along with frequent practical drills and simulation exercise.

Community Preparedness Education and Training Program in Facing Earthquake Disasters: literatur review

Disasters due to earthquake natural events can have an impact on the community so that people who live in disaster-prone areas are the most disadvantaged parties. The community as a disadvantaged party must be equipped with disaster preparedness, one of which is a disaster risk reduction program. The purpose of this scooping review is to determine the description of the implementation of the earthquake disaster preparedness education and training program in the community. This research is a scooping review using Prisma flow chart in its implementation. The results of this study showed significant results in all articles (n=10) in improving community preparedness in earthquake disaster risk reduction. The methods used were the latest methods (virtual reality, animated videos, and games) and manual methods (lectures, discussions, and reading) with material on disaster concepts, management, and first aid. This research concludes that the role of the community and the importance of disaster preparedness education for the community is very important to be provided by conducting the latest or modern methods for more effective results.

Effectiveness of Household Landslide Preparedness Education on the Preparedness Capacity of Families

Disasters are events that threaten and disrupt people’s lives and livelihoods due to natural and/or non-natural factors as well as human factors that cause human casualties, environmental damage, property losses, and psychological. The implementation of disaster preparedness has not been carried out comprehensively and continuously throughout Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of landslide preparedness education interventions in increasing the landslide preparedness capacity of households in the Sukabumi Regency. The minimum sample was 118 for each intervention and control group. Random sampling was used for sampling technique. Data analysis was done using an independent t-test. The results of the study mean that the difference in knowledge scores showed a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group (F = 23.41, p-value = 0.000). In addition, the average difference in household preparedness scores for landslides showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (F = 190.08, p-value = 0.000). After the intervention, the intervention group’s household disaster preparedness improved significantly. Meanwhile, no significant increase was observed in the control group’s household disaster preparedness score after the intervention. Household disaster preparedness training may have an impact on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of individuals and families. Trainings such as online and simulation using live or recorded demonstrations should be developed and evaluated for their effectiveness.
 Keywords: household landslide preparedness, education, preparedness capacity

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training in Disaster Medicine Courses for Students in Nursing: A Scoping Review of Adoptable Tools.

Nurses and paramedics play a pivotal role when mass casualty incidents (MCI) occur, yet they often feel unprepared for such events. Implementation strategies for training activities, including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) simulations, offer realistic and immersive learning experiences, enhancing skills and competencies for nursing students. The aim of this work was to investigate the adopted tools in studies on VR and AR simulations for training nursing and paramedic students in managing MCI. A scoping review was performed following the PRISMA-ScR statement, and the search strategy was conducted through five electronic databases from December 2022 to March 2023. Of 162 records identified, 27 full texts were screened and, six studies were included in this review. These studies involved students who were assigned to different training methods, including immersive VR simulation, written instruction, and traditional lecture. VR and AR and immersive simulation generally show promising evidence in enhancing practical skills and knowledge in MCI management. VR and AR showed to be promising in disaster education and preparedness training, offering different levels of immersiveness and engagement, encouraging active and experiential learning. Further research is needed to determine their long-term effectiveness. The choice of training method should consider program goals, target population, and available resources.

Disaster Literacy Status and the Influencing Factors: A National Survey of 107997 Chinese Nurses

To study the level of disaster literacy among nurses in China and the influcing factors and to provide scientific basis for developing effective interventions to improve the disaster literacy among Chinese nurses. Between September 2021 and October 2021, an online survey was conducted among nurses from health care institutions in eastern, central, western, and northeastern China by using a cross-sectional survey design and convenience sampling. The content of the survey included the surveyed nurses' sociodemographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, disaster relief characteristics, self-efficacy, and disaster literacy level. A disaster literacy model developed previously was used to assess the nurses' disaster literacy. A total of 107997 nurses were covered in the survey and their disaster literacy score was found to be 255.62±53.92. According to the findings of multiple linear regression, the protective factors for disaster literacy among Chinese nurses included the following, being based in Eastern region (non-standardized regression coefficient [ B]=2.365, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.647-3.082), male sex ( B=9.418, 95% CI: 7.892-10.944), bachelor's degree or higher level of education ( B=3.822, 95% CI: 3.195-4.450), tertiary-level hospitals ( B=3.569, 95% CI: 3.000-4.138), military/local public hospitals ( B=2.606, 95% CI: 1.750-3.463), emergency department ( B=2.921, 95% CI: 2.149-3.694), intermediate professional title ( B=2.918, 95% CI: 2.209-3.627), senior professional title ( B=5.801, 95% CI: 4.448-7.155), participation in disaster rescue ( B=5.566, 95% CI: 5.020-6.112), the institution being previously involved in disaster emergency rescue ( B=3.257, 95% CI: 2.429-4.084), the institution having set up disaster rescue team ( B=5.967, 95% CI: 5.103-6.831), having received nursing education in disaster preparedness in school ( B=6.205, 95% CI: 5.621-6.790), having received on-the-job disaster preparedness education and training ( B=8.776, 95% CI: 8.027-9.525), and self-efficacy ( B=5.117, 95% CI: 5.069-5.165). In China, disaster literacy among nurses is at a medium to low level and needs to be improved. For the next step, efforts should be focused on nurses with the following features, being based in the central and western regions, female sex, having completed junior college education or less, no nursing education in disaster preparedness in school, having junior professional titles, being from gynecology, pediatrics, and auxiliary departments, working in grassroots medical and health institutions and primary and secondary-level hospitals, neither the individual respondent nor her institution having any experience in disaster rescue, the institution having no disaster rescue team, not having any on-the-job nursing education and training in disaster preparedness, and having low self-efficacy. Measures should be taken to improve their disaster literacy level.

PENGARUH PELATIHAN KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KIT KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PADA TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA

Disasters not only have an impact on health in general but also affect reproductive health Disasters caused obstructed access to reproductive health services, damaged health facilities, and limited access to contraception thereby increasing the number of unwanted pregnancies, increasing the risk of rape, sexual abuse, and exploitation, and the incidence of STIs and HIV will increase. West Sumatra is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is prone to disasters and is a high-risk area known as the red zone for disasters. The high Disaster Risk Index encourages the government to pay attention to disaster management and disaster preparedness. However, the issue of reproductive health services during emergencies is often neglected. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of disaster preparedness training on increasing knowledge about reproductive health kits in disaster emergency response. The type of research used was a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest research design. This study used a group that was given an intervention in the form of disaster preparedness training. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total of 58 respondents. Data processing using paired T-test. The average value before being given disaster preparedness training was 15.90 and after being given training it increased to 21.34, which means that there was an increase in the average knowledge score of 5.44 with a p-value = 0.000. It can be concluded that the effect of disaster preparedness training affects increasing knowledge about reproductive health kits in disaster emergency response.