Social Life Disability Research Articles

The Social Stereotype of Children With Physical Disability

Children with physical disability often face stereotypes and stigmatization that affect society's perception of their abilities and potential. The aim of this research is to investigate the stereotypes experienced by children with physically handicapped, find out where the source of these stereotypes comes from, how they impact children, and what efforts have been made to reduce these stereotypes. This article uses a literature review method to explore the dimensions of these stereotypes, including their sources, their impact, and efforts to reduce them. The results show that stereotypes stem from assumptions about physical and intellectual disabilities, which are reflected in the media, personal experiences, and a general lack of understanding. These stereotypes can negatively impact children's psychological, emotional, and social well-being, and limit their participation in social activities. Efforts to reduce stereotypes through community education, family support, and inclusive approaches in schools are needed to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for children with motor disabilities. In conclusion, raising public awareness and ensuring the adaptation of individuals with disabilities in social life are key steps to prevent stigmatization.

Sosyolojik Bakış Açısıyla “Engelli” Gençlerin Sosyal Sermayesi Üzerine Kuramsal Bir Çalışma

Numerous definitions and conceptualizations of social capital exist; however, adults have received much more attention in terms of social capital than youth and young people with disabilities. Youth with disabilities experience problems identical to their peers without disabilities but are more disadvantaged with respect to social inclusion. Therefore, this study references the extant literature to present a conceptual framework on the social capital of youth with disabilities. To this end, it presents the conceptual dimensions of social capital to determine the outputs (with respect to the individual and society) and indicators of social capital. Individual outputs include the expansion of social networks, increase of wellbeing, development of identity and belonging, and social support. Social outputs encompass the increased participation of youth with disabilities in social life. Social capital indicators comprise belonging to a place and a group, trust, social support, social exclusion, and identity perceptions in social networks. Family members, close friends, and neighbors appear at the forefront when previously conducted studies are reviewed. The elucidation of the conceptual framework of the social capital of disabled youth can contribute to the sociological literature on disability, making disadvantaged positions and their inclusion in social life more visible. It is important to highlight studies on the social capital of young people with disabilities to encourage more scholars to discuss their inclusion in the social fabric and to add to the literature on the sociology of disability.

O ETYCZNYCH PRZESŁANKACH POPIERANIA, OCHRONY I URZECZYWISTNIANIA PRAWA OSÓB Z NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNOŚCIĄ DO PARTYCYPACJI SPOŁECZNEJ

The author of this text shares the view found in the literature of the subject that arguments for the full participation of people with disabilities in social life should balance the reasons of all kinds, including scientific and ethical ones, whereas the latter should be given priority. Guided by this conviction, he attempts to indicate these ethical premises that can be derived from human dignity as the primary category of the “sanctity of life concept.”

Predictors of life disability in trichotillomania

BackgroundLimited research has investigated disability and functional impairment in trichotillomania (TTM) subjects. This study examined the relationships between hair pulling (HP) style and severity and disability while controlling for mood severity. Disability was measured in individual life areas (work, social, and family/home life) instead of as a total disability score as in previous studies. MethodsOne hundred fifty three adult hair pullers completed several structured interviews and self-report instruments. HP style and severity, as well as depression, anxiety, and stress were correlated with work, social, and family/home life impairment on the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine significant predictors of life impairment. ResultsDepressive severity was a significant predictor for all SDS life areas. In addition, interference/avoidance associated with HP was a predictor for work and social life disability. Distress from HP was a significant predictor of social and family/home life disability. Focused HP score and anxiety were significant predictors of family/home life disability. ConclusionsAs expected, depression in hair pullers predicted disability across life domains. Avoiding work and social situations can seriously impair functioning in those life domains. Severity of distress and worry about HP may be most elevated in social situations with friends and family and thus predict impairment in those areas. Finally, since HP often occurs at home, time spent in focused hair pulling would have a greater negative impact on family and home responsibilities than social and work life.

Factors associated with work, social life and family life disability in bipolar disorder patients

We analyzed the presence of work, social life and family life disability in 108 outpatients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV) diagnosis of bipolar disorder and their association with previous course-of-illness variables and current psychopathology. Work disability was pragmatically defined as being on a disability pension or in the process of obtaining it; social life or family life disability was defined by a score ≥7 in the respective subscales of the Sheehan Disability Scale. At least one type of disability (for work, social life or family life) affected 52–54% of the patients; and two types, 37%. By logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses we determined the variables independently associated with each type of disability: 1) Work disability was significantly associated with previous repeated manic episodes, three or more hospitalizations, with current depressive symptoms and inversely with the educational attainment. 2) Social life disability significantly increased with the number of hospitalizations and was associated with previous repeated depressive episodes and current depressive symptoms. In alternative models, nicotine dependence and lack of social support were significantly associated with work and social life disability respectively. And 3) family life disability significantly increased with number of hospitalizations, CAGE questionnaire score and age; and was associated with previous repeated manic episodes and current depressive symptoms. In conclusion, previous course-of-illness variables, particularly a high number of manic episodes, and current psychopathology – as indicated by the presence of nicotine dependence or depressive symptoms – may be indicators of disability; previous manic episodes appear to affect disability at work or at family life whereas previous depressive episodes seem to be related with social life disability.

Neuromodulation for refractory headaches

Drug refractory headaches constitute an important cause of social life disability; when a lack of responsiveness to conservative treatments is ascertained for these pathological conditions, surgical options are considered. Several lines of evidence exist to assert that the neuromodulation procedures available so far are safe and effective in a large amount of patients for the treatment of different types of severe primary and secondary headaches. Central (deep-brain stimulation, DBS) and peripheral [vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), occipital nerve stimulation (ONS), subcutaneous trigeminal stimulation] neuromodulation procedures are here reviewed as reported in literature along with the experience of our Institute.

Social (and Disability) Policy in the New Democracies of Europe (Slovenia by Way of Example)

Social transformation in states of Central and Eastern Europe after 1989 have brought about fundamental changes in the existing social policies, including also disability policies and status of people with disabilities. This changes affect the status of people with disabilities profoundly. Severe economic and political crises, reduction of social transfers, increasing unemployment - all this exerts a negative influence upon the chances for integration and full participation of the people with disabilities in social life. On other hand, however, a different understanding of human rights and movement for an independent way of life allow people with disabilities to co-decide on matters that are of consequence to the specific population to which they belong. In Slovenia in 1991, the Parliament adopted Strategy on National Development Policy for People with Disabilities, laying down guidelines for the development of this specific section of social policy. Established in the course of the same year was a governmental Committee on Disability, while in 1994 a special parliamentary commission was founded to this effect. This means that on the strategic and conceptual level, respectively, the disability problems are receiving proper attention, while a number of operational problems remain open and will have to be solved one by one, in collaboration with the Parliament, government, organisations of people with disabilities and experts.