Dirty Dozen Research Articles

Love actually: Is relationship status associated with dark triad personality traits and attitudes towards love?

Romantic love plays a central role in the lives of individuals and influences decisions about lasting relationships such as marriage or cohabitation. To understand the dynamics of intimate relationships, both personality traits and attitudes toward love styles need to be explored. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the possible differences between married/cohabiting and single individuals in terms of Dark Triad personality traits and attitudes towards love styles, and to investigate which of these factors can significantly predict participants’ relationship status. As a secondary objective, we analysed the presence of gender differences in the examined constructs.A total of 1101 participants (mean age ± SD: 40.75 ± 16.07; women: 710, 64.5 %) completed the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen and the Love Attitudes Scale - Short Form. Data for this study were collected via a web-based survey.Study's results revealed that married/cohabiting participants scored lower on all Dark Triad Dirty Dozen subscales, and they were characterised by more Eros and Agape and less Ludus, Mania, Pragma, and Storge styles compared to their single counterparts. Age, narcissism, Eros, Agape, Mania, and Storge were significant predictors of marriage/cohabitation. The final model explained 53 % of the variance, with 81 % of participants correctly categorised as married/cohabiting vs. single. Finally, men were more ludic and agapic in their love styles than women.These findings suggest that dark personality traits and attitudes toward love styles characterise married/cohabiting and single individuals differently. Understanding these distinctions sheds light on the complexities of romantic relationships across different relationships.

Toxicogenomics of persistent organic pollutants: Potential impacts on biodiversity and infectious diseases

Pollution is recognized as one of the main causes of biodiversity loss. Growing evidence also points to pollution as an important risk factor for the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases that affect humans and other animals. However, the mechanisms and pathways that explain how pollution erodes biodiversity and favors infectious diseases are poorly explored. Using the Dirty Dozen (aldrin, chlordane, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane - DDT, dieldrin, dioxins, endrin, furans, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs, and toxaphene) persistent organic pollutants (POPs) as a study model, in this article we demonstrate through toxicogenomic approaches that these POPs affect thousands of genes involved in the immune system and metabolic processes, among other biological pathways (n=19,086 genes from multiple organisms). One of the major findings indicate that POPs interact with hormone receptor genes prominently (i.e., Esr1, Nr1i2 and Ar genes). This finding highlights the activity of these pollutants as hormonal disruptors, with potentially deleterious consequences for the metabolism and reproduction of a wide range of species. These pollutants also have an important genotoxic activity, contributing to genomic instability and other related consequences. In summary, disturbances in the immune system can favor infection and the spread of pathogens, and changes in metabolism and genotoxic effects triggered by pollutants in multiple body systems can reduce fitness, harming the species’ survival in natural environments. The results of this exploratory toxicogenomic analysis represent a new piece in the puzzle that increasingly points to pollution as a major risk factor for both biodiversity loss and emerging infectious diseases.

Dark Triad and Humor Styles: A Study on White Collar Workers from Türkiye

Humor plays a crucial role in psychological functioning, influencing goal achievement, emotional regulation, and interpersonal interactions. This study explores the effects of dark triad on humor styles and to inquire about the inconsistent relations previously reported between narcissism and self-enhancing humor within a Turkish sample. Utilizing the Humor Styles Questionnaire and the Dirty Dozen Dark Triad inventory, data were collected from 468 white-collar employees working in various companies through online questionnaire. The results indicated that Narcissism positively affects all humor styles, while Psychopathy significantly associated with aggressive, self-enhancing and self-defeating humor. In contrast, Machiavellianism shows a negative effect with self-defeating humor. These findings underscore the complex interplay between personality traits and humor, suggesting that while Narcissism may enhance both positive and negative humor styles, Psychopathy predominantly influences negative styles, and Machiavellianism appears less involved. The study discusses the implications of these results and provides suggestions for future research.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Imeglimin: A New Ray of Hope for the Treatment of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes is a rapidly growing health challenge and epidemic in many developing countries, including India. India, being the diabetes capital of the world, has the dubious dual distinction of being the leading nations for both undernutrition and overnutrition. Diabetes prevalence has increased in both rural and urban areas, affected the younger population and increased the risk of complications and economic burden. These alarming statistics ring an alarm bell to achieve glycemic targets in the affected population in order to decrease diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. In the recent years, diabetes pathophysiology has been extended from an ominous triad through octet and dirty dozen etc. There is a new scope to target multiple pathways at the molecular level to achieve a better glycemic target and further prevent micro- and macrovascular complications. Mitochondrial dysfunction has a pivotal role in both β-cell failure and insulin resistance. Hence, targeting this molecular pathway may help with both insulin secretion and peripheral tissue sensitization to insulin. Imeglimin is the latest addition to our anti-diabetic armamentarium. As imeglimin targets, this root cause of defective energy metabolism and insulin resistance makes it a new add-on therapy in different diabetic regimes to achieve the proper glycemic targets. Its good tolerability and efficacy profiles in recent studies shows a new ray of hope in the journey to curtail diabetes-related morbidity.

Understanding the Root Cause of Cybersecurity Incidents Through DuPont’s Dirty Dozen Framework

Cybersecurity incidents, such as data breaches, pose a significant threat to organisations. Shockingly, 95% of these incidents occur due to human errors. Despite organisations making substantial efforts to reduce the likelihood of such occurrences through technological and non-technological means, the frequency of these incidents has been increasing. Previously, organisations relied on technology as the primary barrier to minimise cybersecurity incidents and achieve their objectives. Although research indicates that humans are the weakest link in an organisation's efforts to combat cybersecurity incidents, organisations still consider technology as the key to improving security defences. Therefore, the researchers suggest improving human interventions should precede technological means to overcome the problem. They propose that existing information security plans should consider human factors in cybersecurity risk management. Prioritising an understanding of human factors in managing information security can help organisations identify the relationships between various dimensions of human errors and cybersecurity incidents. To achieve this, the paper suggests solving the human factor problem in cybersecurity incidents by explaining how DuPont's Dirty Dozen framework, commonly used in aviation, can help understand why cybersecurity incidents and accidents occur. The framework lists twelve human behaviours that can be used to understand the relationships between various dimensions of human errors and cybersecurity incidents. By understanding these relationships, organisations can improve their cybersecurity strategies by anticipating, mitigating, and resolving issues more effectively and efficiently.

Infertility-related stress is associated with quality of life through negative emotions among infertile outpatients

Infertility is not a fatal disease but it really produces infertility-related stress and affects individuals’ quality of life to a great extent. This study aims to investigate the relations among infertility-related stress, negative emotions and quality of life in infertile outpatients, and suppose gender difference as well as Dark Triad, which contained three dark personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, would moderate the relations. 105 infertile outpatients age range 20–49 completed a cross-sectional questionnaire on the Fertility Quality of Life scale, the Fertility Problem Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale a the Chinese version of Dirty Dozen. Results showed that negative emotions mediated the relations between infertility-related stress and quality of life. Dark Triad could not moderate the relations between infertility-related stress, negative emotions, and quality of life, but gender can moderate the associations between infertility-related stress and negative emotions. Specifically, the association between infertility-related stress and negative emotions was stronger in men than in women. Infertility-related stress has direct and indirect effects on infertile outpatients’ quality of life. It is important to consider the important roles of emotions and gender difference between patients, and delivering targeted intervention programs.

Covalent organic frameworks and metal–organic frameworks for sustainable adsorptive removal/extraction of dirty dozen chemicals: A review

AbstractDirty dozen chemicals (DDCs) are a group of 12 extremely toxic chemicals that were recognized at the Stockholm convention in 2001 for their severe impact on the ecosystem and human health. Despite the embargo and restraint placed on DDCs usage, these chemicals continue to find their way into the ecosystem because they are still secretly or openly applied by many nations, especially in African regions. Moreover, DDCs can still be perceived where they have been employed previously before the Stockholm convention treaty due to their persistent profile. This study aimed to critically review original works directed toward the removal of various dirty dozen chemicals using covalent and metal–organic frameworks (COFs and MOFs). Specifically, in this study, various COFs/MOFs and their composites with remarkably tailored adsorptive profiles are evaluated for their adsorption efficiency for different DDCs. In addition, the effect of various operating parameters that are of importance to environmentalists and various stakeholders for optimization purposes was empirically discussed. This review also fills knowledge vacuums about the COF/MOF‐DDCs adsorption process, offers insights into their reusability potential, fundamental mechanism, isotherm, and kinetic modeling, and offers a framework for future studies. Findings from this study revealed that COF and MOF have high DDC removal capacity and reusability potential attributed to their admirable porosity and the existence of a plethora of oxygen‐rich functional groups that allow for better interactions with DDCs through chelation, halogen bonding, H‐bonding, and π‐π interactions and stacking. This points to the upscaling potential of this remediation technique. Future researchers need to direct more efforts to the use of density functional theory for mechanism interpretation, exploration of hybrid technology, cost analysis, scalability, isotherm, thermodynamics, adsorption, and desorption kinetic modeling.

A Model of Adaptive Error Management Practices Addressing the Higher-Order Factors of the Dirty Dozen Error Classification—Implications for Organizational Resilience in Sociotechnical Systems

Within the dynamic, complex, and often safety-critical operations of many process industries, the integration of technology and human elements has given rise to sociotechnical systems (STSs), where the interaction between people and technology plays a pivotal role. To thrive in this complex environment, organizations must adopt adaptive error management strategies and cultivate organizational resilience. This approach involves managing the unexpected and designing systems to embrace disorder by organizational learning from errors in STSs. The main objective of this article was to present empirical data of error-causing elements in STSs based on the Dirty Dozen concept, their underlying structure, and implications for error causation screening and adaptive error management systems. A sample of 544 workers employed in seven process industries, such as automotive, chemicals, defense, metal, and timber, participated in this study. The results revealed a three-factor model of human error causation in STSs. Based on these results, an adaptive error management system (AEMS), which includes evidence-based interventions to manage causes of human errors and mitigate their risky consequences, was presented. Finally, implications for organizational resilience and safety culture in STSs were discussed.

Identification of the Core Characteristics of Vulnerable/Hypersensitive Narcissism and its Association with the Dark Triad in a Large International Sample: A Network Analysis Study.

The current paper aimed to investigate the network structure and centrality indexes of hypersensitive narcissism using the hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSN). Additionally, we aimed to explore its relationships with dark triad personality aspects. A globally diverse sample of "53,981" participants (47.9% non-United States responders) completed the HSN and Dark Triad Dirty Dozen scale (DTD). We estimated the network structure across genders to determine the core characteristics of hypersensitive narcissism. Additionally, bridge and central nodes (characteristics) were identified. All analyses were performed using R-Studio programming software. The network comparison test indicated significant differences in the network structures between males and females (Network-Invariance: 0.0489, P < 0.01; Global Strength Invariance: 0.101, P < 0.01). In the network of HSN for male participants, characteristics with the highest strength centrality were "Highly affected by criticism" (HSN.2, strength = 1.08) and "Self-absorbed in personal pursuits" (HSN.8, strength = 1.28). For female participants, "Self-absorbed in personal pursuits" (HSN.8, strength = 1.32) and "privately annoyed by others' needs" (HSN.10, strength = 1.21) were the highest central characteristics. The assessment of bridge strength indicated that nodes HSN.2 (Highly sensitive to criticism), scoring 0.42, and DTD.1 (Tendency to manipulate for gain, a component of Machiavellianism), scoring 0.428, showed the highest bridge strength values. The current study identified core characteristics of hypersensitive narcissism and its correlation with dark triad personality, revealing gender-specific patterns and bridging symptoms between the two constructs. These findings showed that focusing on these core characteristics may be advantageous in treating individuals exhibiting elevated levels of narcissism.

Are early maladaptive schemas related to current driver behaviors? A study on previous toxic experiences and driving

IntroductionRealizing the importance of driver behaviors in the context of road traffic safety, researchers investigated the factors that relate to driver behaviors. One of the most examined factors predicting driver behaviors is personality. In addition to personality characteristics, early maladaptive schemas (EMS) play a critical role in the way the individual thinks, feels, acts, and relates to others, which leads them to display the maladaptive behaviors to recreate the harmful conditions experienced in childhood. EMS are found to be associated with behavioral problems such as illicit drug use, aggressive and illegal behaviors, heavy alcohol use, risky sexual behaviors, violence towards parents and partners. The current work aims to examine the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and driver behaviors in traffic context after controlling the role of personality. MethodOf the 294 participants, 141 were males, 151 were females, and 2 did not specify sex. Age range was 18–67 (M = 27.2, SD = 10.5). Participants filled out an online survey battery including a demographic information form, the Basic Personality Traits Inventory, the Dirty Dozen, the Young Schema Questionnaire 3 Short Form, and the Driver Behavior Questionnaire. ResultsAccording to the results of the correlation analysis, schema domains showed significant relationships with the driver behavior subscales for 17 out of 25 coefficients. Hierarchical regression analyses suggested that impaired autonomy was positively associated with errors and lapses, while it was negatively associated with positive behaviors. This relationship was found when demographic and personality variables were accounted for. ConclusionThe current study is the first to exclusively investigate the relationship between EMS and driver behaviors. Relationship between impaired autonomy on one hand and errors and lapses on the other point out to the role of affective and cognitive processes that play a role in driving.

Dark triad traits, study and power motives among medical students–A cross-sectional study at a German medical faculty

BackgroundA good physician should be empathic and altruistic, among other qualities. Therefore, the levels of socially undesirable personality traits (Dark Triad) as well as implicit motives of achievement, affiliation and power (Multi-Motive Grid) among medical students as future physicians were analyzed at two different points in their medical training. MethodsThis study includes 380 medical students in their first year and 217 in their third year in Germany. All participants completed the Dirty Dozen (DD) and Multi-Motive Grid (MMG) questionnaires at the end of two different classes as paper-and-pencil tests. Relevant differences of the Dark Triad traits between the medical students and reference sample and the two different cohorts, as well as their implicit motives, the associations of Dark Triad traits and MMG components and gender differences of the Dark Triad traits were calculated. ResultsThere were no significant group differences between year one and year three medical students in narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism (Dark Triad). There were no significant differences between the medical students and reference sample except in psychopathy. Male students scored significantly higher in the Dark Triad traits than female students. In the MMG, first-year students scored significantly higher levels in Fear of Rejection, and lower levels in Hope of Success and Hope of Power than the third-year students. Some associations were found between narcissism and Machiavelliansim with Hope of Success, Hope of Power and Fear of power. ConclusionsDark Triad traits already appear to exist before the commencement of medical studies. These traits do not differ significantly between the medical students and reference sample; only a few MMG components seem to differ at different stages of their studies. This lack of differences between the medical students and validation cohort indicates that tests based on (undesirable) personality traits are not suitable criteria for the admission selection of medical students.

Empathy and the Dark Triad

Abstract: Do the Dark Triad and empathy (both cognitive and affective) appear in the same plane, at an angle of 180 degrees to each other? In order to test this hypothesis, we recruited both adolescents presenting with high-functioning ASD and those who were “neurotypical”. Each adolescent provided their self-report on the Basic Empathy Scale and the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (DTDD), which could be cross-referenced with a parent’s report regarding their child on the Adolescent Empathy Quotient and the DTDD. In all, 120 individuals participated in this study. A major contribution of the present study is in promoting the use of Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) to provide a 2D spatial representation of the correlation matrix of these measures. Our regional analysis of the 2D representation not only reveals that the Dark Triad and empathy are at an angle of 180 degrees to each other but also to suggest that even when there are discrepancies between self-report and parent-report regarding empathy, these are nevertheless aligned within the same 2D space.

Dark Triad, Motivation to Achieve Power and Social Value Orientation: A Study from Türkiye

Purposes of this study are to examine the effects of Dark Triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy) on motivation to achieve power and motivation to achieve power on Social Value Orientation. Data is collected white collar employees of the companies operating in Turkiye with an online survey using convenience method for sampling. To measure research variables, Dirty Dozen Dark Triad Inventory, Motivation to Achieve Power Inventory and 9-item Triple Dominance Measure is used. CFA is performed to confirm the scales and examine their factor structures. The goodness of fit indices indicated an acceptable model fit. Path analysis is performed to examine the hypothesized structural model for effects of dark triad on motivation to achieve power. Results indicated narcissism has a significant and positive effect, Machiavellianism has a significant and negative effect on motivation to achieve power. On the other hand, psychopathy is found to have an insignificant effect on motivation to achieve power. Logistic regression analysis is conducted to examine if motivation to achieve power effect likelihood of occurring different types of social value orientation. Results suggested otherwise. The implications of the results are discussed and future research areas are suggested.

“Are darker individuals in control?”: A path model of the Dark Triad, Emotional Regulation and Locus of Control

Among the socially aversive personality traits, the Dark Triad (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) is one of the most prominent. It is known that there is an association between these traits and emotional regulation and control strategies. However, further empirical support is needed to understand how these traits simultaneously influence each other. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Dark Triad, emotion dysregulation strategies, and locus of control using a predictive model. The participants consisted of 305 individuals aged 18 to 59 years (M = 32.5; SD = 12.05) who responded to the Dirty Dozen (DD), the Emotional Dysregulation Scale (EDEA), the Locus of Control Scale (ELOCUS), and the Baptist Depression Scale (EBADEP). Our results suggest positive associations of Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism with maladaptive emotional dysregulation strategies, and these strategies predicted external locus of control. Therefore, individuals with darker traits tend to employ dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies and consequently attribute external events as the cause of such outcomes.

Faking good and bad on self‐reports versus informant‐reports of Dark Triad personality

AbstractResearch consistently demonstrates that people can distort their responses on self‐report personality tests. Informant‐reports (where a knowledgeable informant rates a target's personality) can be used as an alternative to self‐ratings. However, there has been little research on the extent to which informants can distort their responses on personality tests (or their motives for response distortion). The current study examines the effects of experimentally induced response distortion on self‐ and informant‐reports of the Dark Triad. The participants (N = 834 undergraduates) completed Dark Triad measures in a 2 × 3 between‐person design crossing format (self‐ vs. informant‐report [imagined friend]) with instruction condition (answer honestly, look good, or look bad). “Look good” effects were significant for both self‐reports (d = −1.22 to 1.42) and informant‐reports (d = −1.35 to 0.62). “Look bad” effects were also significant for both self‐reports (d = −0.56 to 3.58) and informant‐reports (d = −0.55 to 3.70). The Five Factor Machiavellianism Inventory results were opposite to hypotheses, but Dirty Dozen Machiavellianism results were as expected. We conclude that people can distort Dark Triad scores for themselves (self‐report) and on behalf of someone else (informant‐report). We discuss the relevance of our findings for self‐ and informant‐report assessment in applied contexts.

Comparison of personality traits of two anti‐oppression groups: Vegans and anarchists

AbstractVeganism and anarchism are burgeoning worldwide, yet very few studies have examined the psychological characteristics of people belonging to these two anti‐oppression groups. The present study investigated whether vegans and anarchists, on the one hand, and activists and non‐activists belonging to these two groups, on the other hand, exhibit distinct personality profiles. To this end, a sample of 180 adults who self‐identify as vegans or anarchists completed an online socio‐demographic questionnaire, the HEXACO Personality Inventory, and the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen. A discriminant function analysis showed that anarchists are more likely than vegans to self‐identify as belonging to a gender other than female or male, or to identify with no gender at all. Further, the proportion of men was larger in the anarchist group than in the vegan group. In terms of personality traits, vegans scored higher on the Conscientiousness, Emotionality, and Honesty–Humility dimensions than anarchists did. Anarchists scored higher than vegans on Openness to Experience and Psychopathy. Activists and non‐activists were not distinguished based on gender or personality traits. While the dynamics of power and oppression toward humans and toward animals share common factors, the present results suggest that veganism and anarchism attract anti‐oppression advocates with distinct personality profiles.

Dark triad personality traits are associated with decreased grey matter volumes in 'social brain' structures.

Personality traits and the degree of their prominence determine various aspects of social interactions. Some of the most socially relevant traits constitute the Dark Triad - narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism - associated with antisocial behaviour, disregard for moral norms, and a tendency to manipulation. Sufficient data point at the existence of Dark Triad 'profiles' distinguished by trait prominence. Currently, neuroimaging studies have mainly concentrated on the neuroanatomy of individual dark traits, while the Dark Triad profile structure has been mostly overlooked. We performed a clustering analysis of the Dirty Dozen Dark Triad questionnaire scores of 129 healthy subjects using the k-means method. The variance ratio criterion (VRC) was used to determine the optimal number of clusters for the current data. The two-sample t-test within the framework of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was performed to test the hypothesised differences in grey matter volume (GMV) for the obtained groups. Clustering analysis revealed 2 groups of subjects, both with low-to-mid and mid-to-high levels of Dark Triad traits prominence. A further VBM analysis of these groups showed that a higher level of Dark Triad traits may manifest itself in decreased grey matter volumes in the areas related to emotional regulation (the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the cingulate cortex), as well as those included in the reward system (the ventral striatum, the orbitofrontal cortex). The obtained results shed light on the neurobiological basis underlying social interactions associated with the Dark Triad and its profiles.

The Relationship Between Brain-Behavior Systems, Dark Personality Traits, Alexithymia, and Theory of Mind Deficits in Sexual Offenders

The aim of the current research is to examine the relationship between brain-behavior systems, dark personality dimensions, and Alexithymia with theory of mind deficits in sexual offenders. For this purpose, 80 inmates from the central prison of Bojnurd were selected using purposive sampling. The variables were measured using the Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire (GWPQ), the Dirty Dozen scale of dark personality traits, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the fight system and theory of mind deficits; and significant negative correlations between the flight and freeze systems, all aspects of dark personality dimensions, difficulty in identifying and describing feelings, and overall Alexithymia with theory of mind deficits. The regression analysis findings suggest that the fight/flight/freeze systems, dark personality traits, and Alexithymia play predictive roles in mind-reading abilities.

Gender-based differences in the impact of Dark Triad traits on academic dishonesty: The mediating role of moral disengagement in college students

This study explores whether gender differences influence the components of the Dark Triad of personality and moral disengagement on the manifestations of dishonest academic behavior in Peruvian university students. Moreover, it evaluates how moral disengagement mediates the effect that the Dark Triad components have on academic dishonesty. The participants were 591 university students, aged between 18 and 40 years (women = 71.7 %; Mage = 21.5; SDage = 3.60), to whom the Dirty Dozen Dark Triad, the Propensity to Morally Disengage Scale, and the Scale of Academic Dishonesty, which has 3 dimensions (cheating on exams, plagiarism, and falsification) were applied. The results reveal that only Machiavellianism has a significant and consistent influence on all dimensions of academic dishonesty, in both men and women, while psychopathy influences the dimension of plagiarism in both men and women and falsification only in men. In addition, moral disengagement affects falsification in both groups, cheating on exams only in the men's group, and plagiarism in the women's group. Finally, the mediating role of moral disengagement between the effect of the Dark Triad and the manifestations of academic dishonesty was not demonstrated.

Network analysis of the association between Dark Triad traits and depression symptoms in university students

University students frequently experience symptoms of depression. The Dark Triad (DT) traits, which include Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism, represent the darker aspects of personality and have been linked to depression. Although connections between these traits and depression are recognized, the specific processes linking traits to symptoms remain unclear. In our study with 1287 participants, we measured DT traits and depression using the 12-item Dirty Dozen and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. A network analysis was conducted to dissect the differential relationships between individual DT traits and various depression symptoms, as well as to pinpoint influential nodes through bridge expected influence. The analysis revealed significant positive correlations: Machiavellianism with feelings of worthlessness, narcissism with depressed or sad mood, and both Machiavellianism and psychopathy with thoughts of death. Notably, psychopathy emerged as a central influence in the network, suggesting that interventions targeting this trait may be effective in mitigating depression. These findings not only contribute to the current literature by clarifying distinct pathways but also advocate for the implementation of brief reappraisal interventions tailored for university students displaying DT traits, especially in the context of global health emergencies.