Signing Space Research Articles

Perceptual representations in L1 and L2 spatial and abstract language processing: applying an innovative sentence-diagram verification paradigm.

Perceptual representations in language comprehension were examined using sentence-picture verification tasks. However, concerns have been raised regarding the suitability of concrete pictures for representing abstract concepts compared to image-schematic diagrams. To assess the perceptual representations of spatial and abstract domains in both first language (L1) and second language (L2) processing, the study tests bilingual speakers' mental imagery on the basis of the simulation-based L1 comprehension model and proposes a simulation-based L2 comprehension model, supported by empirical evidence from an innovative sentence-diagram verification paradigm. 41 adult L1 Mandarin Chinese speakers participated in the study. 21 participants completed the Chinese sentence-diagram verification task (Experiment 1), while 20 participants completed the translation-equivalent version in L2 English (Experiment 2). Participants read a sentence [e.g., A diligent worker walked into the office (spatial sense); A strong team headed into the final (abstract sense)] at their self-paced speed, followed by a congruent (e.g., into diagram) or incongruent diagram (e.g., out-of diagram), and made binary judgments to verify spatial configurations between the sentence and diagram. Semantic rating tasks in both Chinese and English were also conducted to validate congruency between diagrams and sentences in both languages. Results from Experiment 1 indicate overall compatibility effects on L1 Chinese processing, unaffected by directional verbs or abstractness of sense. Results from Experiment 2 reveal interference effects on L2 English processing, with interference observed only after reading sentences encoding spatial senses, not abstract senses. Aligning with previous findings using sentence-picture verification tasks, the current findings confirm the weaker mental simulation effects in L2 processing compared to L1 processing. These findings extend the existing simulation-based L1 comprehension model, provide empirical support for the proposed simulation-based L2 comprehension model, and validate the innovative sentence-diagram verification paradigm for examining image-schematic representations in spatial and abstract language processing among Chinese-English bilinguals. The paradigm holds significant potential for research on perceptual representations in processing a broader range of grammatical and semantic properties during both online and offline L1 and L2 comprehension.

Heterogeneous ensemble classifier in computer systems of medical diagnostics

The work is devoted to the solution of an actual scientific and technical problem tasks development of a support system for making diagnostic decisions in medicine based on the developed model of a heterogeneous ensemble classifier, which as basic models implements two approaches to development of diagnostic conclusions: probabilistic , based on the analysis of the training sample and expert information on the structure of symptom complexes of each disease. As a probabilistic component, the choice of the method of comparison with the standard, in which the diagnosed conditions of patients are represented by their standards in the space of signs, is justified. The geometric center of the class grouping in the space of diagnostic features is chosen as the benchmark for each class. Expert knowledge about the structure of the symptom complex is formalized by expressing the symptom complex of the disease in the form of numerical intervals of linguistic changes "below the norm", "norm", "above the norm". Various options for taking into account the opinion of experts about the structure of symptom complexes in the ensemble classifier are considered. Test verification of the developed classifier was conducted on real medical data, which confirmed its effectiveness.

Exploring Pragmatic Factors on the Logical Relationships of Conditional Reasoning: A Study of Counterfactual and Hypothetical Conditionals.

Previous theories have established the mental model activation of processing different types of conditionals, stating that counterfactual conditionals expressing events that contradict known facts (e.g., "If it had rained, then they would not go to the park.") are considered to trigger two mental models: (1) a hypothetical but factually wrong model (e.g., "rain" and "did not go to the park") and (2) a corresponding real-world model (e.g., "did not rain" and "went to the park"). This study aimed to investigate whether pragmatic factors differentially influence readers' comprehension and distinction between counterfactual and hypothetical conditional sentences in Mandarin Chinese. Participants were required to read and judge the comprehensibility of Chinese hypothetical and counterfactual conditionals, which were different in temporal indicators (past vs. future temporal indicators) in the antecedent. Different polarities (with vs. without negators) and different moving directions (different directional verbs: lai2 [come] vs. qu4 [go]) in the consequent were also manipulated. Linear mixed-effects models (LMEM) revealed that hypothetical conditionals (with future temporal indicators) were more comprehensible than counterfactual conditionals (with past temporal indicators). The semantic similarities within the subordinate clause revealed future temporal indicators had higher lexical-semantic co-occurrence than past indicators, suggesting that temporal indicators impact comprehension partly through lexical semantics in the premise, and hypothetical conditionals are more easily processed. However, the semantic similarity analysis of the main and the subordinate clauses showed no effect of temporal indicators, suggesting that lexical-semantic co-occurrence across clauses may not substantially contribute to the distinction between hypothetical conditionals and counterfactual conditionals. In conclusion, this study offers insights into the comprehension of Chinese conditional sentences by shedding light on the pragmatic factors influencing the activation of different mental models.

Justification of the choice of the approach to the determination of the invariant component in the behavior of polymorphic (metamorphic) malware on the basis of reducing the dimensionality of the sign space

The evolution of malware use scenarios necessitates the development of effective strategies to neutralise their destructive impact. One of the most threatening types of malware is polymorphic (metamorphic) viruses, as they are largely able to evade detection by intrusion detection systems, information security management (security events), antivirus software and systems for proactive detection of atypical threats and targeted attacks on endpoints due to their ability to change their own signature. In addition, there has been a rapid increase in recent cyber incidents involving the use of polymorphic (metamorphic) malware. The main reason for this growth is the availability of artificial intelligence technologies that allow attackers to modify the code of already classified malware quickly and efficiently, without requiring significant specialised technical competence. A comparative analysis of existing approaches to detecting polymorphic, oligomorphic and metamorphic malware is carried out. It is found that no group of methods uses to its advantage the key feature of polymorphic (metamorphic) malware – invariant behaviour by a certain subset of features that characterise the same vector of destructive impact of malware. With a view to neutralising the property of modification of its own code by polymorphic (metamorphic) malware, the article proposes an approach to determining its invariant component during behavioural analysis based on a combination of the advantages of behavioural analysis and machine learning techniques – reducing the dimensionality of the studied feature space. Such an approach will potentially allow determining the invariant behaviour of malware as a subset of the studied features for each known type of malware, which in turn forms the basis for implementing a new approach to the effective detection of modified (advanced) malware.

Indirect Negative Directive Verbs Between Arabic and Turkish

Indirect Negative Directive Verbs Between Arabic and Turkish

Theoretical foundations for the development of a methodological apparatus for assessing the dynamics of information security threats

Continuous improvement by information security violators of ways and means of implementing threats to information security leads to the need for adequate improvement of information security technologies. The potential of violators and increased requirements for the security of information activities lead to the actualization of the problem of identifying threats to information security in the dynamics of the process of their implementation. Analyzing the existing level of elaboration of the issues of completeness of the assessment of information security threats in the dynamics of their implementation processes in the field of information protection, it is possible to identify grounds that do not allow us to characterize the currently developed methodological assessment apparatus as ensuring its completeness. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the possibility of increasing the completeness of the assessment of information security threats based on recognition methods. Statements have been formulated and formally proved, which should be considered as theoretical grounds for the development of a methodological apparatus for assessing the dynamics of information security threats. Such statements include: a statement about the completeness of the assessment of information security threats in the dynamics of their implementation; a statement about the structuring of the space of information security threat signs to identify the dynamics of its implementation; a statement about the possibilities of assessing the volume of information subject to the destructive effects of information security threats based on the characteristics of the space of impact signs; a statement about the possibilities of assessing the level of information security threat, in the dynamics of its manifestation based on the characteristics of the space of its features. Тhe methodological approach considered in the article allows us to formally assess, with the help of appropriate recognition algorithms, all possible circumstances related to the implementation of information security threats, ensuring high completeness of recognition of such threats in the dynamics of their

Foreword

Dear Linguistic Enthusiasts and Scholars, It is with our great pleasure to announce that the new issue of Acta Linguistica Asiatica is now available. As you pursue this issue, you will notice a refreshed look inspired by the new outlines of the University of Ljubljana, reflecting our commitment to growth and innovation. We take pride in our dedicated team whose expertise drives our exploration of linguistic intricacies and cultural nuances. This issue features four scientific articles and one review article, offering diverse perspectives on Chinese and Japanese as the East Asian languages in focus. We extend our heartfelt gratitude to all contributors and reviewers whose scholarly rigor enriches our journal. To begin with, Tereza SLAMĚNÍKOVÁ and David UHER wrote an article entitled “Rhythmical Features of Spontaneous Spoken Narrative in Mandarin Chinese”, in which they introduce and expand a notation system for teaching Chinese rhythm pioneered by Oldřich Švarný, a Czech phonetician. They analyze spontaneous speech to outline rhythmical features in personal narratives and compare these features with a contemporary understanding of Chinese speech rhythm, showcasing the applicability of Švarný’s framework in diverse spoken discourses. Following is the work by KUANG Lincai “A Colexficational Analysis of Chū in Modern Chinese” that deals with directional verbs in modern Chinese, in particular with chū. The author delves into colexification and mechanisms surrounding chū, using the CLICS3 database. It explores colexified pairs of chū and constructs a colexificational network, emphasizing conceptual metaphor and metonymy as core mechanisms. Yet another scientific paper was authored by YANG Yongzhong and is entitled “The Structure of Chinese Compounds: The Perspective of Predicative Implicitness”, which explored Chinese nominal compounds' structure, relations, generation, and constraints, emphasizing predicate implicitness. Findings reveal varying constituent functions aligning morphological and syntactic structures, and the author offers a detailed account of their hierarchy. Trang PHAN and Giang VU submitted the paper “Wh-questions in Japanese: Challenges for Vietnamese L2 learners” in which they explored how Vietnamese learners handle structural differences in Japanese wh-questions. Results showed a correlation between Japanese proficiency and performance. Though learners were evaluated as more accurate with mirrored word orders, advanced learners also struggled with native-like interpretations. The study suggests explicit instruction to enhance accuracy in teaching. Last but not least is the survey article by Duc Du HUYNH, “Sino-Vietnamese Bilingual Dictionaries from the Middle Ages to the Present”, in which the author thoroughly surveys Sino-Vietnamese bilingual dictionaries from the Middle Ages to the Modern Ages, often overlooked in scholarly discourse. It delineates their evolution, regional differences, and historical context, aiming to catalyze further research in this field. Editors and Editorial Board invite the regular and new readers to engage with the content, to question, challenge, and reflect. We hope you have a pleasant read full of inspiration and a rise of new research ideas inspired by these papers. Editors

A Colexficational Analysis of Chū in Modern Chinese

Directional verbs in modern Chinese, notably chū, are crucial. Previous studies on chū pay little attention to colexification and its mechanisms; they primarily focus on polysemy, syntactic restriction, and diachronic evolution in Mandarin Chinese. Research on Chinese topolects has also been neglected. Development of the Database of Cross-linguistic Colexifications (CLICS3) facilitates its cross-linguistic and topolectal exploration. This paper first discusses colexified pairs of chū in Modern Chinese, and constructs its colexificational network based on the CLICS3. It also argues for colexificational mechanisms of colexified extensions. Conceptual metaphor and metonymy are considered two core mechanisms accounting for the colexified extensions of chū. Metaphoric colexified extensions map onto the space, time, and state domain, following the order of “space > time > state”. As for the metonymic colexified extensions, the extended concepts result from different substructures of the image schema profiled in the motion event of chū.

Giving oranges and puppies: Children’s production of directional verbs in an emerging sign language from Oaxaca

Children’s acquisition of directional verbs in sign languages has received a lot of attention, but less is known about the sociocultural process of using these verbs, especially in the context of emerging sign languages in diverse language ecologies. Directional verbs are a common grammatical phenomenon of many sign languages in which some verbs such as ‘to give’ and ‘to take’ can move in the direction of one or more of its arguments for indicating grammatical relations between agents and patients or recipients. I discuss the case study of one signing family who uses ‘making hands’, an emic term for the signing practices of deaf Chatino people and their families in the San Juan Quiahije municipality in Oaxaca, Mexico. The family in question consists of a first-generation adult signer and two second-generation child signers, aged 4;6 and 5;3. This article describes their usage of directional verbs for making explicit requests, asking questions, and talking about hypothetical events, including presenting or withholding gifts as part of the cultural understandings and practices of the allocations of goods. Ethnographic data reveals that the children’s production of verbs may be facilitated by directed input in the form of directives from a deaf adult signer, extensive peer play, and visual access to signed adult interactions. This case study offers insight about input and socialization for the children’s usage of directional verbs in an emerging sign language in a local Mesoamerican ecology.

Imaging characteristics of too-long anterior process syndrome in children and adolescents.

In the presence of pain over the lateral aspect of the foot or recurrent ankle sprain in children, medical imaging is often employed to investigate potential causes, such as a calcaneonavicular coalition or a too-long anterior process (TLAP) of the calcaneus. Diagnosis and categorization of calcaneonavicular coalitions (synostosis, synchondrosis, or synfibrosis) is generally facilitated through imaging, in contrast to TLAP, which lacks well-defined semiological characteristics, apart from a calcaneonavicular space measurement of less than 5 mm. However, this measurement initially performed on an oblique view radiograph can be subject to a lack of precision due to positional variations of the foot and overlappingbones. Furthermore, the differentiation between TLAP as an anatomical variant and TLAP syndrome (characterized by symptomatic presentation), remains a subject of uncertainty. The objective of our retrospective study was to investigate the imaging diagnosis of TLAP syndrome. A retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted, covering data from February 2014 to January 2021. All patients, included retrospectively and consecutively, were initially managed in our hospital with radiography and/or computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two radiologists independently reviewed the images taken (radiographs, CT scans, and MRIs) of patients undergoing treatment in pediatric orthopedics for TLAP syndrome and control subjects, utilizing a standardized questionnaire. The control group consisted of subjects with no features suggestive of TLAP syndrome. The questionnaire included measurements of the calcaneonavicular space and identification of indirect signs associated with calcaneonavicular coalitions, as described in the related literature. A total of 128 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis, including 38 patients and 90 controls. The prevalence of TLAP was 71.5% in the study population and 62.6% among controls. A threshold measurement of the calcaneonavicular space at 3.2 mm favored TLAP syndrome (sensitivity=97%, specificity=70%, area under the curve [95% confidence interval] =0.881[0.812-0.949]), with better precision using CT. Three indirect signs were significant: the "anteater nose" sign, the talar beak, and the tapered anterior calcaneal process. These signs demonstrated an even stronger association with TLAP syndrome when observed in conjunction with a reduction in the calcaneonavicular space, particularly in CT scans. TLAP is common among control subjects. Therefore, a variant appears to be the most plausible explanation and it can be considered a mild form of calcaneonavicular coalition. However, in conjunction with symptoms suggestive of TLAP syndrome, the diagnosis is further supported by imaging, specifically with a calcaneonavicular space measurement of less than 3.2 mm. This measurement is most accurately obtained using CT with 2-dimensional reconstructions in all three planes. The simultaneous presence of the "anteater nose" sign, the talar beak, or the tapered anterior calcaneal process provides additional diagnostic evidence. In the diagnostic approach of calcaneonavicular coalition, oblique foot radiography seems useful in initially detecting abnormal coalition (bony or not), and complementarily, CT emerges as the best modality to characterize TLAP syndrome.

Staged reality in cinema: Contemporary interpretations and meanings

Relevance. The relevance of this subject is related to the development of information technology and new media, which has allowed wide access to cinema as a visual activity. The information media space is increasingly connected to human existence, and the demand for intangible goods and services inherent in post-industrial society is causing increasing demands for intellectual products outside the science and production industry.Purpose. In this context, the purpose of the study is to identify the plane of the significance of the staged reality of cinema as a dominant form of synthetic art, the attitude between artistic and nonartistic features of staged reality on the example of fiction and documentary cinema, and to outline the transformation of the structure of film reality as a constructor and medium.Methodology. The principal approaches to the study were structural and hermeneutic approaches to structural analysis in terms of the semiotics of culture of cinema reality sign space and the use of interpretive practices on textual objects.Results. The study describes the connection between the simulacrisation of cinema as a separate staged reality, capable of gaining independence from the original author's idea; the loss of the original author's role and the work itself as a text that is part of the global inter- and hypertext; and the role of the medium as a coherent, semantic carrier of content in the act of communication, which in its unity infinitely increases the possible perceptible meanings determined by the form.Conclusions. The materials of this study harmonise the theories of simulacra, author's death and mediumship in the context of cinema semiotics in the interpretative vector "mediumship-discourse-sign" and orient further research towards establishing the attitude between individual authorial language and cinema discourse in the context of hyperreality.

DIRECTIONAL MOTION VERB CONSTRUCTION IN MADURESE LANGUAGE: A STUDY OF LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY

Semantically, the construction of directional motion verbs has two significant points: manner of motion, which refers to the way the motion is performed, and path, which conveys the directional meaning. In the context of verbal construction with directional motion, the path component can be constructed through directional verbs or prepositional phrases as markers of the goal. Based on these patterns, Talmy (1975) and Slobin (2006) classified languages into three frameworks: verb-framed languages, satellite-framed languages, and equipollent-framed languages. This research aims to describe the construction of direct motion verb in Madurese language and critically analyze the position of Madurese as an Austronesian language based on the classification proposed by Talmy and Slobin. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach, this study collects primary data from native Madurese speakers, and the secondary data from article journal related to Madurese language as comparison. In conclusion, Madurese language can be categorized as a verb-framed language overall. Based on the analysis, there are several directional verbs in Madurese that can simultaneously carry meanings consistent with prepositional phrases, although in other sentence contexts, they may exhibit different semantic and syntactic patterns. Furthermore, Madurese tends to fall into the verb-framed language category as it lacks a resultative-adjective pattern, and its directional verbs are not main verbs but rather open-class adjuncts.

The Achievement Act in Al-Zabidiyah Maqamah of Al-Hariri deliberative study

This research seeks to study the act of achievement in Al-Zabidiyah Maqama of al-Hariri. Because it represents a linguistic characteristic worthy of study in the maqamat, as it is possible to separate the text of the maqamah, and to stand on the pragmatic purposes with different contextual dimensions that enhance the relationship between the speaker and the addressee.
 Proceeding from that, this study, titled “The Performing Verb in Al-Zabidiyah Maqama of al-Hariri: A Pragmatic Study,” examined its linguistic structures that work to accomplish verbs when they are pronounced, and demonstrates their active impact in enriching the maqamah text in the light of a pragmatic analysis that takes into account the social and cultural influences surrounding the text. And other than what is required by the deliberative lesson approach adopted by this study.
 The importance of this study lies in the fact that it seeks to identify the performing acts in Al-Zabidiyah maqamah, and then to highlight the manner in which these actions were accomplished. The nature of the research necessitated that the researcher raise the following problem;
 - What are the performing verbs generated in the text of Al-Zabidiyah Maqama? How did you accomplish these actions?
 In this study, the researcher will follow Searle's five-fold classification. In order to reach a pragmatic approach based on the exploration of the structure of the Maqama text in the light of the communicative process and the performance norms that govern it; In order to decipher its verbal codes, and to apprehend its accomplishments that it achieved in the text of Al-Zabidiyah Maqamah.
 In conclusion, this research reached a number of results, the most important of which are: the diversity of news verbs in the text of the maqamah; It came either proven, or negative, or confirmed. The command, interrogative, and appeal methods were not limited to performing directive verbs only, but rather expanded their scope, and expressive verbs were accomplished according to the context and the appropriate situation.

Indirect positive directive verbs between Arabic and Turkish

Indirect positive directive verbs between Arabic and Turkish

Artificial Intelligence and Diagnostics in Medicine and Forensic Science

Diagnoses in forensic science cover many disciplinary and technical fields, including thanatology and clinical forensic medicine, as well as all the disciplines mobilized by these two major poles: criminalistics, ballistics, anthropology, entomology, genetics, etc. A diagnosis covers three major interrelated concepts: a categorization of pathologies (the diagnosis); a space of signs or symptoms; and the operation that makes it possible to match a set of signs to a category (the diagnostic approach). The generalization of digitization in all sectors of activity—including forensic science, the acculturation of our societies to data and digital devices, and the development of computing, storage, and data analysis capacities—constitutes a favorable context for the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). AI can intervene in the three terms of diagnosis: in the space of pathological categories, in the space of signs, and finally in the operation of matching between the two spaces. Its intervention can take several forms: it can improve the performance (accuracy, reliability, robustness, speed, etc.) of the diagnostic approach, better define or separate known diagnostic categories, or better associate known signs. But it can also bring new elements, beyond the mere improvement of performance: AI takes advantage of any data (data here extending the concept of symptoms and classic signs, coming either from the five senses of the human observer, amplified or not by technical means, or from complementary examination tools, such as imaging). Through its ability to associate varied and large-volume data sources, but also its ability to uncover unsuspected associations, AI may redefine diagnostic categories, use new signs, and implement new diagnostic approaches. We present in this article how AI is already mobilized in forensic science, according to an approach that focuses primarily on improving current techniques. We also look at the issues related to its generalization, the obstacles to its development and adoption, and the risks related to the use of AI in forensic diagnostics.

Directional verb constructions in Mandarin

Abstract In modern Chinese, a Directional Verb Construction (DVC) may contain either two or three verbs. DVCs with two verbs can be represented in three different ways, and DVCs with three verbs can be represented in four different ways. The different positions of the shared internal noun phrase (NP) argument result in divergent word orders of DVCs. Based on the Corpus of the United Daily News, this study discusses the syntax-pragmatic interface in Chinese DVCs within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) with the intention of ascertaining how NP arguments are linked to syntax in DVCs, while at the same time accounting for what pragmatic factors play a role in determining constructional schemas for argument linking. The results show that different patterns of DVCs have different focus domains, and that the differential activation state of the internal NP argument plays an essential role in determining word order. Considering the correlation between activation state and focus domain, a highly activated internal NP tends to be linked to the position following the word bǎ or immediately following V1. In contrast, a least activated NP tends to be linked to the position immediately following V2 or V3.

Revisiting gradability in American Sign Language (ASL)

This paper addresses gradability in American Sign Language (ASL). The literature has argued that languages may or may not introduce degree variables, i.e., there is cross-linguistic variation as to whether languages should be analyzed as degree- or degreeless. For ASL, the degree-based analysis has been assumed or explicitly proposed. For example, due to the visual nature of ASL (as a language that uses the physical signing space), it has been suggested that it may be able to readily represent scales iconically in the signing space. In contrast, we argue that ASL is a degreeless language, which further means that its modality does not necessarily readily translate into the iconic representation of scales in the signing space. Our discussion is based on a comprehensive examination of 31 adjectives across different constructions (e.g., different comparison strategies, questions targeting degrees, crisp judgments, etc.). We offer evidence from elicitation data from 6 consultants with different profiles.

Lexical-Semantic Features of Directive Verbs in Uzbek and French Languages

Lexical-Semantic Features of Directive Verbs in Uzbek and French Languages

The Corresponding Expression of Chinese Directional Verbs in Uyghur Language

Directional verbs have always been a difficult point in teaching, translating and learning Chinese grammar. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on them, but most of them focus only on directional verbs or only on individual words in Chinese-Uyghur directional verbs. There is little systematic and comprehensive research on the corresponding expressions of Chinese-Uyghur directional verbs. Based on previous studies and the theoretical foundation of comparative linguistics, this paper discusses the corresponding expression rules of directional verbs in Uyghur from four aspects: the grammatical meaning of simple directional verbs, compound directional verbs and directional verbs, and the difference between directional verbs and object positions. Through comparative analysis, the structural patterns and rules of different languages will be found, which will provide a certain scientific basis for the learning of Chinese-Uyghur languages and also play a certain auxiliary role in second language teaching.

Development of the solution search method using the population algorithm of global search optimization

The research objects are decision making support systems. subject research is a decision making process in management tasks using bio-inspired algorithms. A method of finding solutions using the population algorithm of global search optimization is proposed. Joint use of invasive weed algorithm is proposed, genetic algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks are improved. The method has the following sequence of actions: ‒ an input of initial data; ‒ processing of initial data taking into account the degree of uncertainty; ‒ formation of the optimization vector; ‒ creation of descendant vectors; ‒ ordering of vectors in descending order; ‒ reducing the dimensionality of the feature space; ‒ teaching knowledge bases. The peculiarity of the proposed method lies in the placement of agents-weeds, taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, improved procedures for reducing the space of signs about the analysis object state. Training of synaptic weights of an artificial neural network, type and parameters of the membership function and the architecture of individual elements, and the architecture of an artificial neural network as a whole is carried out. The proposed method was simulated in the MathСad 14 software environment. The task to be solved during the simulation was to determine the route of the ships in the operational zones of the Black and Azov seas in the conditions of hybrid actions of the enemy. The use of the method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data processing at the level of 21–27 % due to the use of additional improved procedures. The proposed method should be used to solve the problems of evaluating complex and dynamic processes in the interests of solving national security problems