Direct Human Interaction Research Articles

ML-Based Maintenance and Control Process Analysis, Simulation, and Automation—A Review

Automation and digitalization in various industries towards the Industry 4.0/5.0 paradigms are rapidly progressing thanks to the use of sensors, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), and advanced fifth generation (5G) and sixth generation (6G) mobile networks supported by simulation and automation of processes using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Ensuring the continuity of operations under different conditions is becoming a key factor. One of the most frequently requested solutions is currently predictive maintenance, i.e., the simulation and automation of maintenance processes based on ML. This article aims to extract the main trends in the area of ML-based predictive maintenance present in studies and publications, critically evaluate and compare them, and define priorities for their research and development based on our own experience and a literature review. We provide examples of how BCI-controlled predictive maintenance due to brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) play a transformative role in AI-based predictive maintenance, enabling direct human interaction with complex systems.

Uloga Facebooka u promjenama obrazaca interpersonalne komunikacije i poimanju romantičnih odnosa

Digital technology in mass media provides a new way of transmitting information, but often does not deliver the veracity and emotional depth of information as direct human interaction does. Apart from the convergence offered by the media, information discernment through one of the digital or mass communication channels remains inferior to direct human communication. The question arises as to how social internet platforms affect relationships between women and men and the value and emotional structure of these relationships. Despite numerous studies that have dealt with the influence of social networks on the quality of communication and life of children and young people, it is evident that the question of the influence of social networks on gender relations is often neglected or considered less important. The purpose of this research was to examine the public’s perception of the alienating effects of Facebook in the area of primordial and primary social interaction between women and men as a previous communication to all other forms and types of communication. The results showed that the majority of respondents do not support the use of social networks for sexual acquaintances or emotional relationships, considering virtual communication as an insufficient substitute for real emotional contacts, which include non-verbal signs of attraction, and do not perceive them as a suitable means for engaging in emotional or erotic experiences. Although most do not consider them a threat to stable emotional relationships, they are a threat to the spiritual component and dignity of the partner and are perceived as an foundation for sexual adventures, trips and fraud.

Sophia, A Female Robot With Artificial Intelligence In View of Sociology of Government

Sophia, a humanoid robot in the form of a woman who is equipped with artificial intelligence Sophia is good at numbers, performing repetitive tasks, interacting, communicating, and displaying attractive facial expressions. numbers, performing repetitive tasks, interacting and communicating in an interesting way as well as displaying facial expressions with various emotions. facial expressions with various emotions. AI in the context of sociology has unwittingly changed social life. social life. The existence of AI in the implementation of e-Government changes the pattern of communication in public services, affecting the socio-cultural ties that exist in the society. services, affecting previously strong socio-cultural ties and forming new communities. This phenomenon reflects the parameters of modernity, indicating changes in the order of the social system due to technological interference. This qualitative research aims to find out how the form of Social Interaction in Artificial Intelligence-Based Public Services (AI)-based Public Services is formed. Social Interaction of Artificial Intelligence-Based Public Services (AI) from the perspective of the sociology of government? The results The results concluded that AI is able to complete work without direct human interaction, or directly with humans. The use of AI technology in public services has potential benefits, such as increasing efficiency, service quality, and benefits for the community. Through the system Automated Customer service, Big Data Analysis for Decision Making, Security Detection Kiiminal Detection, Efficient Transportation Administration, Better Health Care and Diagnosis Society is increasingly responsive to the utilization of AI in public services, this is driven by increasing public awareness of the benefits of AI and the risks associated with AI utilization, such as loss of workers.

The Strategy for Developing a Marketplace Promotion Model Based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Improve Online Marketing in Indonesia

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has changed the way human interaction and daily activities are carried out. The limitations of direct human interaction have driven the development of AI, which improves the operational efficiency of organizations. AI has penetrated various industries, especially the digital commerce sector, where AI has become a valuable tool to increase promotion and sales. In the face of these challenges, companies need to wisely integrate AI into their operations to deliver balanced benefits to their customers and businesses. This research focuses on the case study of Tokopedia, a fast-growing online marketplace in Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, allowing in-depth analysis of complex social phenomena. Internal and external data were collected through in-depth interviews, nonparticipatory observation, and document analysis. The results showed that the AI-based promotion model significantly increased product purchases. This study reveals how Tokopedia successfully leveraged AI technology to increase product appeal, personalize customer experience, and ultimately increase sales. In a competitive digital market, AI-based promotion strategies are crucial to success. The implications of this research show that AI has great potential to transform business operations in the digital marketplace, and companies that are able to optimize AI have a great opportunity to increase sales and achieve success in an increasingly competitive era.

Human–machine collaboration using gesture recognition in mixed reality and robotic fabrication

This research presents an innovative approach that integrated gesture recognition into a Mixed Reality (MR) interface for human–machine collaboration in the quality control, fabrication, and assembly of the Unlog Tower. MR platforms enable users to interact with three-dimensional holographic instructions during the assembly and fabrication of highly custom and parametric architectural constructions without the necessity of two-dimensional drawings. Previous MR fabrication projects have primarily relied on digital menus and custom buttons within the interface for user interaction between virtual and physical environments. Despite this approach being widely adopted, it is limited in its ability to allow for direct human interaction with physical objects to modify fabrication instructions within the virtual environment. The research integrates user interactions with physical objects through real-time gesture recognition as input to modify, update, or generate new digital information. This integration facilitates reciprocal stimuli between the physical and virtual environments, wherein the digital environment is generative of the user’s tactile interaction with physical objects. Thereby providing user with direct, seamless feedback during the fabrication process. Through this method, the research has developed and presents three distinct Gesture-Based Mixed Reality (GBMR) workflows: object localization, object identification, and object calibration. These workflows utilize gesture recognition to enhance the interaction between virtual and physical environments, allowing for precise localization of objects, intuitive identification processes, and accurate calibrations. The results of these methods are demonstrated through a comprehensive case study: the construction of the Unlog Tower, a 36’ tall robotically fabricated timber structure.

Human biomonitoring without in-person interaction: public health engagements during the COVID-19 pandemic and future implications

BackgroundPublic health initiatives, including human biomonitoring, have been impacted by unique challenges since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, compounding a decades-long trend of declining public participation. To combat low public participation rates, public health professionals often employ extensive engagement approaches including in-person interactions related to enrollment and sampling, success of which is an essential component of a statistically defensible study. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic challenged public health programs to diversify engagement and sampling approaches, limiting direct interactions for the health and safety of the population. This study explores biomonitoring recruitment strategies through non-contact mechanisms and evaluate the application feasibility for population-based studies.MethodsThe Iowa Biomonitoring Program at the State Hygienic Laboratory developed a human biomonitoring study that utilized a multifaceted, distance-based approach. Traditional techniques, such as mailed recruitment invitations and phone-based discussions, were coupled with internet-based surveys and self-collected, shipped urine and water samples. Participation rates were evaluated by employing different mailing methods, and the demographics of enrolled participants were examined.ResultsThis non-human contact approach achieved a nearly 14% participation rate among a rural population, well above our target rates. Our improved mailing strategy for targeting initially unresponsive participants yielded a significantly increase in the participation rates. The respondents were predominantly individuals with educational attainment of at least high school level. Among all the eligible participants, 83% submitted self-collected samples, a rate comparable to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey which involved in-person interviews.ConclusionsThe practice of engaging a rural population during the COVID-19 pandemic by transitioning from face-to-face interactions to a combination of mailing and internet-based approaches resulted in higher-than-expected participant recruitment and sample collection rates. Given the declining trend in the response rates for population-based survey studies, our results suggest conducting human biomonitoring without direct human interaction is feasible, which provides further opportunity to improve response rates and the relevance and reach of public health initiatives.

THE CULTURE OF BUSINESS COMMUNICATION IS A DECISIVE FACTOR OF LEADERSHIP IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS

The purpose of the research is to reveal culturally specific and psychological features of business communication, to provide practical recommendations for effective business communication in order to develop leadership skills in the management of organizations.
 The research uses general scientific research methods. The main theoretical methods were the following: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, with the help of which theoretical and practical data on the research problem were summarized, and the state of its development was determined.
 The article analyses the importance of the culture of business communication in the professional activity of managers. The essence of the concept of «communication» was studied, which made it possible to outline the peculiarities of the development of business communication in the context of the formation of leadership in the management of organizations. Indicators characterizing the speech of a business person are proposed. The methods that allow activating the process of forming a culture of business communication as one of the factors of leadership in the professional activity of managers of organizations are indicated. The culture-specific and psychological features of the manager's business communication are revealed, and practical recommendations for effective business communication within the organization and beyond are provided.
 In the study, communication is revealed as the most effective means of social communication, which contributes to the achievement of adequate mutual understanding, the involvement of partners in each other's values. Communicative competence is defined as a largely conscious experience of communication between people, which is formed and actualized in the conditions of direct human interaction.
 It is substantiated that the culture of business communication also contributes to the development of internal leadership in the organization. This is when each employee feels their own responsibility for their actions and impact on the organization's results. It helps attract and retain talent, improves teamwork and fosters innovation. In addition, a culture of business communication helps leaders communicate effectively with external stakeholders such as customers, partners, and public organizations. This is important for maintaining and developing mutually beneficial relationships with these groups and ensuring the success of the organization. The culture of business communication is a decisive factor of leadership in the management of organizations.

Augmented reality‐based telepresence in a robotic manipulation task: An experimental evaluation

AbstractA spectrum of control methods in human–robot interaction was investigated, ranging from direct control to telepresence with a virtual representation of the robot arm. A total of 24 participants used a setup that included a Franka Emika Panda robot arm, Varjo XR‐3 head‐mounted display, and Leap Motion Controller. Participants performed a box‐and‐block task using the bare hand (A), and under five gesture‐controlled robotic operation methods: direct sight (B), sight via video‐feedthrough (C), in a 3D telepresence environment with (D) and without (E) virtual representation of the robot arm, and using a 2D video feed (F). The number of grabbing attempts did not differ significantly between conditions, but local operation (B & C) yielded more transferred blocks than teleoperation (D–F). Teleoperation using a 3D presentation was advantageous compared to teleoperation using a 2D video feed, as demonstrated by lower peak forces and smaller range in gripper heights in conditions D and E compared to condition F, a finding supported by analyses of the head movement activity. Finally, the bare hand yielded the best performance and subjective ratings. In summary, teleoperation using a 3D presentation provided a smoother interaction than teleoperation with a 2D video feed. However, direct human interaction remains a benchmark yet to surpass.

Socio-demographic factors and treated wastewater reuse in the MENA region: Insights and implications

Decision-makers in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are looking for ways to recycle wastewater to meet the demand for water amidst scarcity. Reusing treated wastewater is crucial for managing water resources sustainably, particularly in water-stressed nations in arid regions of the world that rely on desalination and groundwater to meet their water needs. This study looks into how socio-demographic factors affect how the general public feels about utilizing wastewater for various purposes. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 1206 respondents throughout the MENA region, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the results. The MENA region is found to recognize the environmental benefits of reuse, but prefers applications that have less direct human interaction such as flushing toilets, non-food industries, car washes, home cleaning, and firefighting. The public is open to reuse as long as it is approved by professionals such as medical experts, university professors and experts. Gender and wealth did not significantly influence the confidence to use treated wastewater for most reuse applications. Still, age and education level did not have a major impact. All respondents agreed to use treated wastewater for non-food business, car washing, home cleaning, and firefighting. Study findings provide insight into the attitudes and perceptions of individuals toward treated wastewater reuse, and can inform future efforts to promote the acceptance and implementation of these applications.

Medicine Students’ Opinions Post-COVID-19 Regarding Online Learning in Association with Their Preferences as Internet Consumers

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted e-learning as a critical component that ensured the continuity of students’ education processes. In this regard, many research groups aim to provide new scientific data about the efficiency and benefits of e-learning for healthcare students. Our study aims to evaluate the attraction of e-learning among medical and dental Romanian students, in association with their preferences as internet and computer consumers. The study enrolled 551 students in medicine from four Romanian Universities of Medicine and Pharmacy, located in major cities (Iași—64.6%, Craiova—19.6%, Timișoara—14.5% and Cluj Napoca—1.3%), mostly females (76.2%), from the first and second years of study (63.7%) or the fourth to sixth years of study (23.3%), aged 18–20 years (53.9%). To investigate their opinions about the efficiency of e-learning, we used an anonymous questionnaire with 31 items regarding advantages (17 items) and possible drawbacks (14 items). The students in medicine had favourable opinions about online learning because these tools are more comfortable (75.2%) and more flexible (60.1%). The main reasons for disagreement were the lack of direct communication and human interaction with teachers (53.2%), limitations due to the particularities of some disciplines that cannot be easily transferred to the online environment (46.4%), and the lack of proper motivation (32.5%). Older students, who liked to use multimedia resources in the learning process and used the internet mainly for information purposes or domestic facilities, had the highest scores for favourable opinions about online learning. The younger students, who did not prefer using multimedia resources in the learning process, also had the highest scores for disagreement regarding online learning. There were no statistically significant differences between genders.

Deep reinforcement learning based automatic intrusion detection and diagnosis approach for cloud computing attacks

The expansion of cloud computing settings is undergoing a major boom in the contemporary period, receiving widespread support. The rising ubiquity of Internet-connected gadgets adds to the construction of a complex network in which data is automatically collected from the environment via sensors and easily relayed over the internet without direct human interaction. Because of the adaptability of cloud computing, this networked environment enables seamless interactions between humans and real-world applications. Cloud computing technologies serve a critical role in addressing numerous demands, enriching both social and business worlds, by operating across varied areas such as healthcare, education, agriculture, and commerce. Nonetheless, the vulnerability of cloud computing to attacks remains a major worry, owing mostly to resource constraints and inherent weaknesses.We provide a novel technique for automated intrusion detection and diagnosis in cloud computing assaults that makes use of deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The first phase involves analyzing the cloud server using the modified bird swarm optimization (MBSO) method. The goal of this method is to identify and optimize aspects that are critical for intrusion detection and diagnosis. Furthermore, we use deep reinforcement learning algorithms to identify and diagnose intrusions within the cloud computing infrastructure. The future method's performance is then evaluated and connected with existing techniques utilizing benchmark cloud datasets from UNM (University of New Mexico). The findings demonstrate the efficacy of our MBSO-DRL method, with a maximum detection rate of 97.373% and a minimum error rate of 10.871%. This demonstrates the resilience and efficiency of our proposed deep reinforcement learning-based solution to improving cloud computing environment security against attacks.

Instructional Engagement in Person and Online: Making the Case for Peer-Led Team Learning

The transfer to the online environment in teaching necessitates artful communication so that students can gain from inquiry-based learning. As instructors use either in-person or online content delivery, Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) is one model that provides a solution to engage students in the learning process. The Peer Leaders, mentored by faculty, are the bridge between instructors and students. PLTL supports direct human interaction in both physical and digital environments for enhancing immersive learning and addresses the important task of preparing students for the 21st century.

Fractional model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus on a complex heterogeneous network

In this paper, we present a new fractional epidemiological model on a heterogeneous network to investigate Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), which is caused by a virus in the coronavirus family. We also consider the development of equations for the camel population, given that it is the primary animal source of the virus, as well as direct human interaction with this population. The model is configured in an SIS form for both the human population and the camel population. We study the equilibrium positions of the system and the conditions for the existence of each of them, as well as the local stability of each equilibrium position. Then, we provide some numerical examples that compare real data and numerical results.

The Impact of Urban Livestock Waste on the Environment in Potiskum Town Yobe State, Nigeria

Livestock provide essential commodities and services to the majority of the world's population. With an increasing number of people, livestock are increasingly held responsible for many adverse effects on human health. The aim of the study is to examine the management strategies applied by urban and pre-urban livestock producers and their resultant consequences on the land, water, and health of the general public, emanating basically from small land holdings in Potiskum. The objectives of the study are to identify the locations of major dumpsites close to water points and to assess pollution incidence as it relates to public health. Ten-five water samples and/or soil samples were tested in an analytical chemistry laboratory. To assess the level of toxicity, a microbial test was also conducted in Biological laboratory. In addition to this approach, a 200-meter buffer radius was created around each water point, and 6 livestock keepers (household heads) within it were randomly selected for interview using a questionnaire survey. Descriptive statistics were used with SPSS/PASW version 18.0, and the results were presented using statistical tools such as percentage computation, frequency distribution table, line, and bar graph, respectively. Findings revealed heavy metals were found above the recommended water drinking level of WHO and Nigeria's standards. These include Magnesium (0.98), Iron (4.900), Chromium (3.30), Copper (1.520), Cadmium (0.84), Sulphate (15.30), Nitrite (2.25), Lead (2.20) as opposed to the acceptable levels of 0.1, 0.1, 0.05, 0.2, 0.003, 100, 0.2 and 0.01. More than 60% of the respondent's views revealed that the sizes of their residential buildings where livestock were raised are less than ¼ plots with limited space for both humans and animals. The distance estimate between human habitat and that of livestock animals of 70% of the farmers is less than four meters (<4m) as opposed to the world standard of 50m. Findings also show that direct animal and human interaction has become a serious health issue as some effects of zoonotic diseases, which include cholera 7%, abortion 15%, diarrhea 31%, and typhoid 50%, have been mentioned among urban livestock farmers. Some of the effects were 37% land degradation, 22% deterioration of structures and 29% contamination of water, 40% noise pollution, and destruction of properties, among others. Therefore, the research recommends that livestock farmers should constitute part of the negotiation at the planning stage. Sitting and constructing sanitary landfills, monitoring the quality and nature of the groundwater reservoirs, and medical research on both the health of the animals and their owners are to be conducted by taking blood, urine, and stool samples to medical laboratories.

Research upon the evolution of the preference regarding the way of working in COVID-19 crisis times

Abstract After more than two years, the Covid-19 crisis is still not over, therefore top managers and human resources professionals are investing an important amount of time in finding the right way to keep their employees safe and motivated to ensure the performance and continuity of their businesses. Being interested in this topic, we studied in two distinct moments (beginning and end of 2021) the preferences of the managers regarding the methods that could be implemented in organizations such as working totally remote, totally from the office, or hybrid work while staying healthy, motivated and performant. The method used for the two moments of our research was the investigation based on a questionnaire addressed to managers working in all departments, located in the entire country. In this article, we will present the results of the research conducted at the end of 2021 and we will compare the results in the dynamics. Essentially, the results show the fact that non-sales managers appreciate more the work at distance or hybrid work and wish to keep this facility in the long run while sales managers appreciate it less and want to work as much as possible from the office. The preference of the two categories is very much linked to their job type and their need for direct human interaction. Regardless of their preference, all managers and their teams feel motivated and involved, and on the long term, they all believe that hybrid work will lead to ensuring the motivation and performance of their teams because being from time to time in the office encourages socializing, better access to information, an option to change the environment and even to, sometimes, work easier. Listening to the voice of the employees’ remains key in taking good quality decisions.

Feasibility, acceptability and needs in telemedicine for palliative care.

Telemedicine in palliative care was initially developed in countries where geography or resources limit access to care services. Recently, largely owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, this technology is being increasingly used in highly urbanised countries such as Switzerland. However, there is still scepticism regarding whether these tools can be used effectively in palliative care, a relationship-based speciality that is generally highly dependent on compassion, communication and direct human interaction. The objective of this review was to analyse the needs, elements of feasibility, and reasons for acceptance or possible barriers before the implementation of a telemedicine intervention in Switzerland. The method used was a scoping review, following the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. We searched the PubMed, Ovid SP, Medline, Cochrane and Scopus databases for relevant reports. Charting and analyses of the data were done by a single researcher. A total of 520 records were screened and assessed for eligibility. Finally, 27 studies and 4 registry entries were included. Main reasons for exclusion were wrong population and intervention. The prevailing study type was the single-arm intervention study. Most studies originated from countries with geographic barriers to access. Feasibility was good in 69% of all studies. Good acceptability (84.1-100%) was confirmed in the majority of the studies. The needs of the patients or the healthcare professionals were directly addressed in only five (16%) studies. Three needs were consistently reported: communication, coordination and technical reliability. Despite a broad range of studies on telemedicine in palliative care, patients' needs are rarely addressed. Therefore, especially in countries such as Switzerland, a needs assessment is recommended before the implementation of a new telemedicine intervention, to guarantee high feasibility and acceptability.

Estimation of Reserve Funds for E-Banking Transactions using Operational Value-at-Risks

The “New Normal” state during the pandemic has made digital financial transactions important as an effort to reduce direct human interaction, to prevent the spread of the pandemic. The rate of financial transactions at banks has automatically increased, but in practice, several risks may occur about failed or incorrect digital transactions. Examples of digital transaction system risks are downtime and timeout services due to system failures, cyber-attacks, and system usage errors. These risks need attention from banking companies. One way to anticipate digital financial transaction failure happen is the readiness of a reserve fund that is used to cover the wrong amount of fund error in the bank's digital system. This research will discuss the estimation of operational reserve funds for digital banking financial transactions (e-banking) using the Operational Value-at-Risk (OpVaR) method, based on operational risk data for digital financial transactions to obtain the largest potential loss value from digital financial transaction activities at a bank. Based on calculations using the OpVaR method, it is known that the reserve fund required for the operational risk of digital financial transactions is IDR135,465,044,269.741. The results of this study show that the e-banking operational reserve fund is quite large due to the possibility of extreme losses. This provides a view to avoiding the worst risk of collapse due to an imbalance in the required reserve funds.

Decentralized Nation: Solving the Web’s Identity Crisis

The web of today whether you prefer to call it web 2.0, web 3.0, web 5.0 or even the metaverse is at a critical stage of evolution and challenge, largely centered around its crisis of identity. Like teenagers who cannot assess properly their reason for being and do not seem ready to take responsibility for their actions, we are constantly blaming the very system we are trying to get away from. To truly realize the benefits from innovation and technology, this crisis has to be resolved, not just through tactical solutions but through developments that enhance the sustainability of the web and its benefits. Significant strides are being made in the evolution of digital services enabled by technology, regulation, and the sheer pace of societal change. The journey to the decentralized web is mirroring the convergence of the physical and digital worlds across all economies and is increasingly embracing the digital native world. Technology has provided the foundational platform for individuals and entities to create and manage wealth, potentially without the need for big institutions. Ironically, despite all of the advancements, we are still facing an unprecedented and increasing wealth gap. Clearly, the system is broken, not just around the edges but at the very core of the democratic underpinning of our society. In this whitepaper, we propose how artificial intelligence on blockchain can be used to generate a new class of identity through direct human computer interaction. We demonstrate how this, combined with new perspectives for sustaining community and governance embedded within the use of blockchain technology, will underpin a sustainable solution to protect identity, authorship and privacy at the same time while contributing to restore trust amongst members of a future decentralized nation and hence contribute to solving the web most significant identity crisis.

Development of wireless controlled robot arm for industrial applications

In the past decade, revolutionary innovations in allied technology have given rise to the design and construction of ubiquitous mechatronic systems for different domains of industrial applications. The process and manufacturing industries have a lot of areas that are hazardous to direct human interaction. Therefore, development of a wirelessly controlled robotic arm akin to human skills is urgently needed in industrial applications. Further, the deployment of the Arduino Uno microcontroller platform has very promising features for designing mechatronic systems. So, it is proposed to develop a wirelessly controlled robotic arm. In this proposed article, a robot arm having the ability to move in four directions (up, down, left, and right) has been constructed. This controlled mobility is achieved with the help of a 4-DOF (Degree of Freedom) design deploying two types of servo motors, the SG90 and the MG996R. The Bluetooth module, HC- 05, is interfaced to achieve wireless communication. These devices are wired around the powerful electronic platform "Arduino Uno microcontroller," and an Android-based application is deployed on a smart phone to control this robotic arm wirelessly. The prototype of the Wireless Robotic Arm (WRA) is designed and developed successfully in the laboratory for industrial applications, pick-and-place operations, and it works smoothly and has good repeatability.

The impact of digital interaction on the transformations of socio-economic and educational processes in Russian society

In contemporary Russian society, the development of digitalization is tied with the battle against the detrimental effects of COVID-19. In the face of the spread of the infection transmitted primarily through direct human interaction, the need to change the format of this interaction to digital has risen. The dynamics of digitalization were boosted, leading to several problems. There surfaced the issues of technical difficulties, the lack of digital literacy on the part of individual staff members in organizations and some social groups and individuals (primarily those in the socially vulnerable population groups), the limitations of direct interpersonal interaction, the redundancy of digital information, emotional fatigue from having to work and learn only remotely, the cybersecurity of online interactions, a significant increase in digital control over citizens’ lives, the risks of social and psychological tension and distrust of digitalization, technophobia, inability to rationally apply the successes of scientific and technological advancement to improve personal and social well-being.