Dimensions Of Mindfulness Research Articles

Mindfulness and its Relationship to Achievement Motivation of University Students

The study aimed to identify the level of mindfulness and achievement motivation and the relationship between Mindfulness and achievement motivation among university students. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive correlational approach was used, as the study sample consisted of (350) male and female students from Hashemite University students from the College of Educational Sciences and registered in the first semester of the academic year 2023/2024, where the study tools were applied electronically. The study used the Mindfulness scale consisting of (4) dimensions (observation, description, acting consciously, judging internal experience), and the achievement motivation scale consisting of five dimensions was also used: (sense of responsibility, striving for excellence, perseverance, feeling the importance of time, and planning for the future). The results showed that the level of Mindfulness was at an average level, with an average of (3.50) and a standard deviation of (0.628). In contrast, the level of achievement motivation was high, with an average of (3.81) and a deviation of (0.452). The results also showed the existence of a statistically significant correlation between the dimensions of Mindfulness and achievement motivation among university students.

Ethics, Mindfulness, and Consciousness: A Study of Their Relation in Early Buddhism

Scholarly discussions of mindfulness normally treat the term as reflecting a specific, independent, psychological function. Here, mindfulness is placed within a broader understanding of the Buddhist cultivation of consciousness, with special attention to the ethical aspects of mindfulness. Focusing on sources from early Buddhism, the article demonstrates how ethics was thought to have a positive, indeed a necessary, effect on a successful practice of mindfulness. The article moves beyond the Sati-paṭṭhāna-sutta (“The Foundations of Mindfulness”), which has been emphasized in scholarship, to related texts in the Middle Length Discourses (Majjhima-Nikāya) and beyond them to other Pāli sources. Here, we learn that “You should cultivate the four applications of mindfulness based on ethics, established in ethics.” While the emphasis on ethics in these sources reminds us of the conceptual dimensions of mindfulness, it also allows scholars to see both ethics and mindfulness as partaking in the broader attempt to enrich consciousness and make it healthier, softer, and more lucid. Buddhist practice works to change the structures of subjectivity and make them more conducive to liberation, in whatever way it may be defined. Thus, the Buddhist contemplative tradition can be seen to participate in an effort to change the quality of consciousness, rather than being a mere attempt to reach an annihilation of “suffering.” These considerations allow us to see mindfulness as a form of ethical activity in itself.

Impact of mindfulness dimensions on work engagement among white-collar employees during the new normal in Malaysia

This study examines the impact of mindfulness dimensions on work engagement among white-collar employees during the new normal in Malaysia. Employees today feel disengaged from their company in an environment where productivity and performance are critical. Research has indicated that elevated mindfulness levels have positive effects on the workplace and are a strong indicator of employee engagement. Previous studies have not thoroughly examined the impact of various facets of mindfulness on employee work engagement following the pandemic. This study investigated the impact of the four dimensions of mindfulness on employee engagement. This study was based on positivist philosophy and a deductive approach. Data for this quantitative study came from 227 employees in Malaysia's private sector who were employed in white-collar jobs. We gathered the primary data using a survey strategy and a self-administered questionnaire. The study's findings demonstrate a positive and significant relationship between work engagement and the four dimensions of mindfulness. More specifically, work engagement was most impacted by the mindfulness acceptance dimension, followed by the mindfulness awareness dimension. The study provided implications for both employers and employees regarding organizational programs aimed at enhancing mindfulness and work engagement, particularly in light of emerging work trends like remote work culture. This study expanded on the understanding of mindfulness at work for future researchers by looking at how mindfulness affects work engagement for white-collar workers and provided fresh insights, such as the greatest influence of the mindfulness-acceptance dimension.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MINDFULNESS AND ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN LIGHT OF SOME VARIABLES

The current study aimed to reveal the relationship between mindfulness and academic engagement among university students in light of some variables. To achieve the objectives of the study, a sample of (537) male and female students was selected from the Al Qasimi Academic College of Education, within the Green Line in the city of Baqa Al Arabiya by purposive sample method, mindfulness scale and academic engagement scale were applied to them. The results showed that the level of academic engagement was high among the sample. The results also showed that there were statistically significant differences attributable to gender, as the arithmetic mean for females was higher than that of males, and there were no differences attributable to the academic specialization variable. The results showed a positive relationship between academic engagement and the dimensions of mindfulness: observing, describing, non-reactivity, interacting to inner experience, and acting with awareness.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0784/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Exploring the role of mindfulness in the stress-recovery balance: 10-Day monitoring of young BMX riders in an intensive training center during a pre-competition cycle

Considering mindfulness as a multidimensional disposition domain-specific skill and state, this study aimed to explore the effect of the dimensions of mindfulness on the trajectories of biopsychosocial stress-recovery balance and on HRV over 10 days of a pre-competitive cycle. 24 young BMX riders completed mindfulness disposition and domain-specific skill scales. Monitoring of the recovery-stress states was based on biopsychosocial measurements (daily and biweekly). RMSSD was used to assess the organism ability to cope with the training program stimulus. After each training session, riders self-rated their state of mindfulness. Multilevel growth curve analyses examined the linear and/or quadratic trajectories of the athletes’ recovery-stress states and the effect of mindfulness on these trajectories. Mindfulness states results showed that the refocusing state had a significant negative quadratic effect over time on daily recovery and sport-specific recovery, and the awareness state on general recovery and total recovery. Concerning the dispositions of mindfulness, the observing component had a significant positive quadratic effect over time on daily stress. Nonreactivity had a significant positive quadratic effect over time on daily recovery and sport-specific recovery, and a significant positive effect on RMSSD. Acting with awareness had a significant positive effect on daily recovery and a significant negative effect on RMSSD. The study offered a better understanding of the effect of mindfulness (dispositions, domain-specific skills, and states) and its different components on the stress-recovery balance. The results suggest that mindfulness could be considered a promising effective psychological recovery strategy.

Study on the Link Between Self-Esteem and Team Identity as Major Factors in Tackling Competitive Anxiety in Performance Athletes

Sports competition and athletic performance are of major interest in sports psychology. Throughout the history of sports, researchers have sought to identify the modifiable factors that could help those who take part in competition to adapt to it as best as possible. In this study, we will focus on identifying certain psychological factors described in the specialized literature as having a consistent link to decreasing competitive anxiety, while looking for implementable techniques to improve these factors. The aim of this study was to identify effective methods for decreasing competitive anxiety, reaching a state of flow and influencing the dimensions of mindfulness (awareness, refocus, non-judgment). The study included a total number of 27 female subjects and was conducted over a period of 4 months (21.07.2022-21.11.2022). In the study, the subjects were divided into two groups: one working group where the intervention took place and in which 15 female footballers from League 1 were randomly assigned, and one control group with 12 female footballers. The two groups underwent an evaluation aimed at identifying the achievement of the state of flow and the reduction of competitive anxiety after a few mental and physical relaxation exercises. The results of the statistical processing of data show some differences between the two groups in terms of score for the tracked parameters, but also between the results of each group in the pre- and post-tests. However, statistically significant differences between the two groups were obtained only for the state of flow and somatic anxiety. The state of flow, of mental wellbeing, should be considered before, during and after each sports competition, regardless of its level, in order to achieve a satisfactory performance in the world of sports, correlated with the expectations and the training of each athlete. Keywords: competitive state anxiety, mindfulness, state of flow

The Relative Contribution of Teaching Mindfulness to Emotional Empathy among Teachers within Nazareth District in Light of some Variables

The study aimed to identify the relative contribution of teaching mindfulness to emotional empathy among teachers in the Nazareth District in the light of some variables. The descriptive correclational methodology was used. The teaching mindfulness scale, and the emotional empathy scale represented the study tools for the study, after ensuring their validity and reliability. The study sample consisted of (558) teachers who were randomly chosen. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the study sample estimates to mindfulness, according to all demographic variables, and to the three dimensions of mindfulness dimensions separately, according to the (Gender, Academic qualification, and Experience) variables, and the presence of statistically significant differences in the dimension of calm due to (School level) variable, in favor of kindergarten teachers. The results also showed a statistically significant difference in the crying response dimension, due to (Gender) variable in favor of females, and the (Experience) variable (10-20 years), and the absence of statistically significant differences for the six dimensions individually, due to the (Academic qualification) variable, and the absence of a statistically significant difference for Empathy, (as a whole), due to (Gender, Academic qualification, and Experience variables), and a statistically significant difference according to the (School level) variable in favor of kindergarten teachers.

Mindfulness and Interoceptive Awareness: A Network Analysis.

Higher trait mindfulness is correlated with higher interoceptive awareness. However, there is a gap in understanding which mindfulness dimensions connect to which interoceptive awareness dimensions. This study (N = 1005) used network analysis to identify central and bridge nodes driving the linkage between mindfulness and interoceptive awareness. Central nodes included trusting body sensations, feeling a sense of calm when bringing awareness to the body, the ability to refocus one's attention from thinking to sensing the body, and the ability to accept all emotions. Bridge nodes included noticing how food and drink affect thoughts, bodily sensations, and emotions; staying alert to the sensations of the body when taking a shower; and noticing and letting go of distressing thoughts and feelings. Future research studies should explore whether mindfulness-based interventions may be more effective by targeting observations of sensations related to eating and the body as well as noticing and letting go of distressing thoughts and feelings.

The Ethical Dimensions of Mindfulness in Public Health

AbstractThis commentary on “Mindfulness for global public health: Critical analysis and agenda” seeks to add to the discussion by considering, what are the moral or ethical implications of introducing mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) into public health? An open question should be asked: Do MBIs promote “moral health,” a type of mental well-being based on moral integrity? Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the moral influences of MBIs on individuals, but more concerning is the complete absence of population or collective-based data. Moreover, the data on the moral influences of MBIs originate from neurotypical, socially advantaged, and homogeneous demographics, so caution is warranted regarding the potential impact on general public’s moral functioning before proceeding. This commentary briefly reviews the existing literature on the relationship between moral functioning and MBIs, then addresses why the unknown effects of moral functioning from mindfulness on a social level are a concern for public health. Following many of Oman’s proposed axes, it then raises questions about what MBIs could do to the moral functioning of certain populations with mental health issues, diverse and disadvantaged populations, and various multi-sector levels throughout society. In some cases, MBIs might need to include ethical adaptations, which add components that explicitly encourage moral development. These adaptations could support protective measures or mitigate moral risk factors. The commentary concludes by suggesting that ethical motivation could be an added axis to Oman’s scheme, as there is an alignment between mindfulness and public health. Nonetheless, it cautions that more research is needed at the population level on the moral influences from MBIs before their widespread implementation in public health.

Dynamic bidirectional relation between state mindfulness and suicidal ideation among female college students: The moderating effect of trait mindfulness

Research has indicated that mindfulness is a protective factor against suicidal ideation. However, the dynamic reciprocal relation between them has been understudied. In this study, 110 female college students with suicidal ideation completed a measure of trait mindfulness and a 28-day diary of suicidal ideation and three-dimensional state mindfulness, including acting with awareness, present-moment attention, and nonjudgmental acceptance. Dynamic structural equation modeling was used to examine the dynamic and bidirectional effects between dimensions of state mindfulness and suicidal ideation and the moderating effect of trait mindfulness. Results showed that suicidal ideation predicted lower levels of present-moment attention the next day. More importantly, there was a dynamic and bidirectional relation between nonjudgmental acceptance and suicidal ideation for people with trait mindfulness higher than the average level (i.e., M + 0.15SD). Our findings suggested that studies and interventions on suicide should pay more attention to specific dimensions of state mindfulness and trait mindfulness.

Thinking critically in the moment? The relationship between mindfulness and critical thinking dispositions among pre-service teachers

ABSTRACT The present study examined the association between pre-service teachers’ mindfulness and critical thinking dispositions, as indexed by engagement, cognitive maturity, and innovativeness in critical thinking. A total of 72 Chinese pre-service teachers were recruited from Hong Kong to complete an online questionnaire cross-sectionally. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that mindfulness was differentially associated with critical thinking dispositions. As important dimensions of mindfulness, mindful presence was positively associated with engagement in critical thinking, whereas mindful acceptance was positively associated with cognitive maturity in the regression models. However, neither mindful presence nor mindful acceptance was related to innovativeness in critical thinking. As a covariate, gender was not related to dimensions of mindfulness and critical thinking dispositions. The present findings inform the literature on the relation between pre-service teachers’ mindfulness and critical thinking dispositions, particularly in the Chinese context. As a major implication, policymakers should be made aware of the importance of strengthening pre-service teachers’ mindfulness, such that they could have a greater disposition to teach critically as they enter the workforce.

Linking observing and nonreactivity mindfulness to parenting: Moderated direct and indirect effects via inhibitory control.

To disentangle the effects of key dimensions of dispositional mindfulness on parenting, the present study tests the hypotheses that parental Nonreactivity moderates the association between Observing and effective parenting behaviors, and that parental inhibitory control mediates the relationship between Observing and parenting depending on levels of Nonreactivity. The sample consists of 294 fathers (95.9% deployed) and 313 mothers (81.5% nondeployed) from 336 military families with a child aged between 4 and 13 years at baseline. Parents reported Observing and Nonreactivity at baseline using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and completed a computerized Go/No-Go task for assessing inhibitory control at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Families completed a series of in-home interaction tasks at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and effective parenting behaviors were observed and coded using a theory-driven, empirically validated coding system. Results showed that when fathers reported low Nonreactivity, the association between Observing and effective parenting behaviors 2 years later was negative, but this association became positive when fathers reported high Nonreactivity. Fathers' Observing was associated with decreased inhibitory control 1 year later when they reported low (vs. high) Nonreactivity, whereas mothers' Observing was associated with increased inhibitory control 1 year later when they reported high (vs. low) Nonreactivity. The hypothesized effect of inhibitory control as a mediator was not found. Understanding specificity in the effects of dispositional mindfulness dimensions on parenting behaviors will drive effective and efficient designs of mindful parenting interventions. Future research should use dismantling experimental designs to test the synergistic effects of Observing and Nonreactivity in parents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The effect of emotion recognition and mindfulness on depression symptoms: A case-control study.

Abnormalities in emotion recognition (ER) are frequently reported in depression, with lower recognition accuracy in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) when compared to healthy individuals. Mindfulness was found to directly impact the severity of depressive symptoms, by recognizing negative cognitions and dysfunctional reactions. The aims of this study were to compare ER and mindfulness levels between MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs), as well as to examine whether ER and mindfulness are related to symptom severity in MDD patients. Sixty-eight patients with MDD and 93 HCs participated in the study. A sociodemographic form, reading the mind in the eyes test (RMET), five facet mindfulness questionnaire-short form (FFMQ-S) and the Montgomery-Asberg depression scale (MADRS) were administered. Group comparison in ER and mindfulness was performed using the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Bivariate correlations and hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between depression severity, ER and mindfulness in the patient group. Higher level of mindfulness was found in HCs relative to MDD group, however, no ER difference was present between the groups. A positive association between depression severity and the non-reactivity facet of mindfulness was found. On the other hand, ER was not significantly associated with symptom severity among individuals with MDD. Non-reactivity, unlike other dimensions of mindfulness, seems to increase with the severity of depressive symptoms among MDD patients. A particular focus on this subdimension in mindfulness techniques may yield better outcomes in alleviation of depressive symptoms.

Early Buddhist Meditation, Part 5: Dimensions of Mindfulness

Early Buddhist Meditation, Part 5: Dimensions of Mindfulness

Stress Training in the Classroom: Evidence of Learning Transfer and Psychological Gains

Stress is ubiquitous in life and creates a need for effective responses in any domain. In this exploratory study, our goal was to understand better how business students learn and use stress management techniques in the classroom context and how this learning applies to different domains. We used thematic coding and textual analysis of weekly student journal reflections about their use of different stress management techniques over 12 weeks. Moving beyond their use of stress techniques in the classroom, students’ comments suggest that their broad use of tools, led to improved well-being (i.e., increased positive affect, reduced stress, and negative affect) beyond the classroom into other life domains. An analysis of student statements further showed increases in their present-focused cognitive orientation, the key dimension of mindfulness, over time. Their heightened present-focused cognitive orientation seems to stem from their practice of the deep breathing stress management technique. Thus, the results suggest that an explicit focus on students’ stress reduction in the classroom may have important implications for how educators can better prepare students for addressing stress and improving psychological and cognitive gains through applied learning across multiple life experiences.

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE KEY DETERMINANTS OF INTENTION TO USE PAYMENT WITH CRYPTOCURRENCY: THE CASE OF RESTAURANT BUSINESSES

With the developments in technology, it has started to be used as an additional payment method in businesses due to the emergence and increasing popularity of cryptocurrencies. This study was aimed to measure the factors that affect the customers' intention to use cryptocurrency technology as a payment method in restaurants, by examining the four dimensions of mindfulness and the positive valences and the negative valences of the valence theory. In this context, an online survey was applied to 405 cryptocurrency users to collect data. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the measurement model, and the structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the model. The findings of the study reveal that the participants think that the convenience of using this method has no effect on the intention to use it, that using this method is beneficial, not risky, and that they will not have any privacy concerns if they use this method. This study offers valuable practical implications for restaurant operators in the context of cryptocurrency payment systems. This study successfully extended valence theory by adding awareness to valence theory.

Influence of Self-Compassion, Social Support, and Living Arrangements on Subjective Well-being of the Elderly

This research aimed to investigate the influence of self-compassion, social support, and living arrangements on the subjective well-being of the elderly. To achieve this objective, a quantitative approach utilizing Multiple Regression Analysis was employed as the research method. The study included 225 participants aged 60 years and above, residing in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. The participants were selected using non-probability sampling techniques. The findings of the study indicated a significant impact of self-compassion, social support, and living arrangements on the subjective well-being of the elderly. The dimensions of self-compassion, namely self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness, as well as perceived emotional support, and living with a partner, exhibited a positive association with the variable. In addition, the combined independent variables accounted for 56.6% of the explained variance. Further research were recommended to use moderator variables between independent and subjective well-being as well as other internal or external factors such as personality, religiosity, and education level.

The Relationship between Dispositional Mindfulness and Relative Accuracy of Judgments of Learning: The Moderating Role of Test Anxiety.

Research has demonstrated that metacognition accuracy is far from perfect. The accuracy of judgments of learning (JOLs) is of critical importance in self-regulated learning. To explore what factors constrain JOL accuracy, the current study focused on mindfulness, which is intimately related to metacognition and anxiety. A total of 203 undergraduates (198 valid samples) were recruited to determine the relationships among five dimensions of dispositional mindfulness, test anxiety, and relative accuracy of JOLs. Results revealed that the interaction term for acting with awareness and test anxiety significantly predicted JOL accuracy. Further analyses indicated that for individuals with high test anxiety, but not for those with low test anxiety, acting with awareness positively predicted JOL accuracy. Considering that dispositional mindfulness is modifiable, these results help to inspire researchers to further explore whether mindfulness training can be used as a remedy to improve JOL accuracy.

Adoption of E-Wallets in Indonesia: Integrating Mindfulness into the Technology Acceptance Model

This study investigates the main determinants of e-wallet use intention and proposes an e-wallet adoption model that includes mindfulness as a significant factor. The respondents in this study are e-wallet users between the ages of 17 and 40 who live in Bengkulu City. To collect data samples from respondents, the convenience sampling technique was used. This study's online survey questionnaires were distributed via social media platforms such as WhatsApp and Instagram. After using the listwise deletion method on SEM-AMOS with Mahalanobis Distance, 257 usable questionnaires were available for analysis. For data analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), assessment of normality, and regression weights were used in this study. According to the findings, (1) mindfulness has a positive and significant effect on perceived usefulness, (2) mindfulness has a positive and significant effect on perceived ease of use, (3) perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on the intention to use, (4) perceived ease of use has no significant effect on the intention to use, and (5) intention to use has a positive and significant effect on actual use. This study adds to the body of knowledge by extending the concept of TAM through the incorporation of mindfulness variables into a structural model. It is suggested that providers expand their merchant partners in order to provide more benefits to customers, and that they improve more features and benefits for people who use their apps. Furthermore, this study discovered some limitations, which include a) limited geographical areas for data collection, giving opportunity for future research to expand more and will be much better if can compare respondent characteristics between cultures; b) four dimensions of mindfulness must be validated again when applied to other contexts; and c) future research can look at post-purchase phenomenon to catch e-wallet adoption even better.

Longitudinal Relationship Between Mindful Awareness, Acceptance and Mental Health Problems: A Mediation Model.

Mental health problems among college students are increasingly prominent. The negative effects of emotional distress on college students' mental health have been supported empirically. It is important to understand the psychological processes underlying this relationship. Using a longitudinal design, the present study aimed to reveal the explanatory mechanism of the association between dimensions of dispositional mindfulness and mental health problems among Chinese college students by testing the mediating effects of experiential avoidance and intolerance of uncertainty. A total of 907 Chinese college students (57% male; Mage = 20.33years) were invited to complete self-report questionnaires at two time points. Mindful awareness, acceptance and mental health problems (depression, anxiety and stress) were assessed at baseline (T0). Experiential avoidance, intolerance of uncertainty and mental health problems were assessed at the 6month follow-up (T1). Following structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses, the results show that high levels of mindful awareness and acceptance may diminish mental health problems by decreasing the levels of experiential avoidance among college students. However, only mindful acceptance diminished mental health problems through decreased intolerance of uncertainty. In addition, our study found that mindful awareness and acceptance may have different functions when working alone. Specifically, these two constructs may have different relationships with mental health. Identifying these mechanisms by which dispositional mindfulness is associated with college students' mental health over time has potential value for the prevention of potential mental health issues and timely interventions.