Dimensions Of Hostility Research Articles

Symptom Checklist-90-Revised: Factor structure and relevance as a measure for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology model

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a recently proposed dimensional model of psychopathology that aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the organization of mental disorders. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) is a widely used self-report questionnaire that assesses nine broad dimensions of psychopathologies. The current study reexamined the optimum factor structure of the SCL-90-R (first aim), and its usefulness for the assessment of psychological dimensions from a HiTOP perspective (second aim). These were examined in a community sample of adolescents from Cyprus. A total of 839 adolescents (males = 352, females = 485; no response = 2) with ages ranging from 14 to 18 years [mean (SD) = 15.52 years (0.64 years)] completed the SCL-90-R and the Fünf-Faktoren-Fragebogen für Kinder (FFFK), a personality measure of the Five-Factor Model of personality. Relevant to the first aim, the findings showed the most support for an exploratory structural equal model, with the nine theorized SCL-90-R factors/dimensions. Relevant to the second aim, the SCL-90 dimensions of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, and phobic anxiety were associated with the five factors in the FFFK as theoretically predicated by the HiTOP model. The SCL-90-R dimensions for paranoid ideation and psychoticism did not. The findings indicated reasonable support for the theorized nine-factor SCL-90 model; and the use of the SCL-90-R dimension scales of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, and phobic anxiety for measuring the dimensions with similar names in the HiTOP model.

Cortical morphological alterations in adolescents with major depression and non-suicidal self-injury

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves repetitive self-harm without suicidal intent and is common among adolescents, often linked to major depressive disorder (MDD). NSSI can lead to physical harm, cognitive impairments, interpersonal issues, violent behavior, and increased risks of psychological disorders and suicide attempts later in life. MethodsVoxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) were performed on 44 NSSI patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs). Differences in GMV, CT, and cortical complexity were compared using the two-sample t-tests and correlated with neuropsychological scales. ResultsNSSI patients exhibited significant GMV atrophy in multiple regions, including the left insula, left anterior cingulate cortex, left putamen, left middle frontal gyrus, and right superior frontal gyrus showing increased GMV in the cerebellum posterior lobe. NSSI patients had increased CT in multiple left hemisphere regions and decreased CT in the right middle frontal gyrus. Additionally, they exhibited reduced cortical complexity, including decreased SD in the right frontal gyrus, and lower GI in the left insula. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of fractal dimension (FD). NSSI patients showed negative correlation between the CT of the right middle frontal gyrus and the anger dimension of the BPAQ, as well as the SD of the right superior frontal gyrus and the hostility dimension of the BPAQ. ConclusionNSSI patients have significant structural changes in the insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, precentral and postcentral gyrus, temporal lobe, putamen, and anterior cingulate cortex, offering a morphological perspective on the pathophysiology of NSSI in MDD.

Category characteristics of high school students' sense of hope and its relationship with mental health.

This study used the latent profile analysis technique to investigate the latent categories of high school students' sense of hope and their relationship with mental health. A total of 1,513 high school students from six middle schools in China was tested using the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale and the Symptom Checklist 90. Analysis of variance was used to explore the relationship between latent categories of sense of hope and mental health. High school students' sense of hope scores are negatively associated with mental health scores. The high school students' sense of hope could be divided into three latent categories: negative sense of hope group, moderate sense of hope group and positive sense of hope group. The differences in scores on each dimension of mental health among high school students with different latent categories of sense of hope were statistically significant. The positive sense of hope group had lower scores on the dimensions of somatization, compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia, and psychosis than the negative sense of hope group and the moderate sense of hope group. There are three latent categories of high school students' sense of hope, and the sense of hope category is closely related to mental health. Based on the different categories of high school students' sense of hope, the program of mental health education can be reasonably selected to create a positive general environment for mental health education and ultimately enhance the mental health of high school students.

The Effect of Ramadan Fasting on the Immune System Function

Fasting is one of the most important Islamic acts of worship ordered by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him), the great Imams, and Muslim philosophers. It has a tremendous effect on various aspects of human beings, including physical and mental health, cholesterol level control, and triglyceride level control. Moreover, it alleviates the dimensions of depression, psychosis, anxiety, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, phobia, hostility, and paranoid thoughts. One of the most important effects of fasting on the human body is its influence on the immune system function. Significantly, it has been found that inflammatory biomarkers, such as IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP), are suppressed considerably by short- and long-term intermittent fasting. In overweight adults, calorie restriction (CR) improves clinical findings for patients with moderate asthma, reduces oxidative and inflammatory stress markers, and minimizes metabolic disease risk markers.

Internet addiction and psychopathology among adolescents

Internet use has increased rapidly and has become a major part of daily life. However, the advancement of internet technology not only brings benefits, but also negative results. Of these negative aspects, excessive internet use is increasing dramatically. Some Psychologists and educators have indicated the potential negative impact from excessive use and related physical and psychological problems. Thus, the aim of this study was to understand the difference in psychopathology between adolescents with internet addiction and without internet addiction. A between group research design with purposive sampling was opted for the study. The sample consisted of adolescent students aged between 19-21 years pursuing their degree course in Government College. Initially the adolescents were administered internet addiction scale to screen for internet addiction and then two groups were considered i.e. one with internet addiction and the other without internet addiction (average use of internet). Further both the groups were administered Symptom Checklist 90-R a self-report questionnaire that is designed to select the psychological symptom patterns across 9 dimensions. The analysis of data was done by computing t test. The results indicated that the group with internet addiction had significantly high pathology on 6 dimensions of Somatisation, Obsessive-compulsive, Interpersonal sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety and Hostility when compared to the group without internet addiction. The study concludes that internet addiction may lead to many psychopathologies and hence a check on usage time, purpose of surfing internet etc. is needed.

Interpersonal perceptions in treatment sessions: Pathological narcissism predicts self-rater discrepancies.

Evidence suggests that pathological narcissism impacts psychotherapy process and outcome. This study investigates whether traits of pathological narcissism account for distinctiveness (construal) of patients' interpersonal perceptions in treatment settings. Patients enrolled in psychological/psychotherapeutic treatment (N = 150) described a segment of a session in a written format and subsequently assessed both self- and clinician's behavior on the dimensions of dominance and hostility (patient-reported ratings), along with their pathological narcissistic traits. Three independent raters also assessed interpersonal behaviors (observer-reported ratings) based on the written session descriptions. Indices of construal were defined by the residuals of self-reported (net of observer-reported) ratings and were regressed onto pathological narcissistic traits. No association emerged between pathological narcissism and construal in patients' perceptions of their clinicians. However, grandiose traits of pathological narcissism were related to distinctively perceiving oneself as more dominant, while vulnerable traits were related to distinctively perceiving oneself as more hostile. The former association (but not the latter) also held after incorporating additional observer ratings to investigate the robustness of the results. Findings are discussed in light of treatment-related self-enhancement and self-concealment processes.

Development and validation of an internet unethical behavior scale

Internet unethical behavior (IUEB) is known to negatively affect the wellbeing of individuals and society and thus should be actively prevented. To develop relevant and effective prevention measures, a valid and reliable scale to identify IUEB is urgently needed. This study developed an adequately comprehensive and valid scale to assess IUEB in the general population. Prior studies and feedback from focus groups and experts were referenced to create the initial draft of this scale, which was used to collect data from a heterogeneous sample of 308 typical individuals. The findings revealed IUEB measured using 27 indices to be a reflective-reflective, second-order construct comprising the four underlying dimensions of online piracy, online hostility, online privacy and security breach, and online sexual harassment. The results of this study can provide librarians, educators, researchers, and policymakers with several important theoretical and practical implications for how to reduce IUEB.

Aggression and Juvenile Delinquents

Objective: The objective of the study is to find out the effectiveness of eclectic counseling in reducing the aggression level of juvenile delinquents. Method: Aggression scale, developed by Buss and Perry and Biographic datasheet was used for the study. The participants of the study were thirty seven institutionalized juveniles from Tamil Nadu, India. After collecting the demographic details, aggression questionnaire was administered. The responses were scored and tabulated. Eclectic counselling was provided as intervention for a span of three months. Again the data was collected using the same questionnaire. The post-test results were discussed and conclusions were drawn by comparing with pre-test data.Results: The initial results showed that the subjects had a high level of physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility and overall aggression. The intervention for aggression mainly included relaxation training, self monitoring, reinforcements and group counselling. After three months of intervention, the participants were again assessed and there was a significant reduction in the aggression level of the participants with a t value of 14.774. After intervention, it was found that the level of aggression and its dimensions reduced from high to low except for verbal aggression which fell from high to average.Conclusion: Eclectic counselling helps in the reduction of aggression and the four dimensions of aggression, physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility, of the juvenile delinquents.

Subtyping patients with binge-eating disorder by dietary restraint and negative affect: Characteristics and treatment outcome.

This study examined patients with binge-eating disorder (BED) subtyped by dietary restraint (DR) and the negative affect (NA) dimension of depression, anxiety, hostility, and self-esteem, comparing clinical features and outcome of evidence-based psychological treatments. It was hypothesized that individuals with DR and high NA (DR-HNA) would have lower functioning and poorer immediate and long-term BED treatment outcomes compared to those with DR and low NA (DR-LNA). Cluster analysis was conducted (n = 159) as a secondary analysis of data from a randomized group cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy trial of women and men with BED. At pretreatment, participants with DR-HNA were higher in eating disorder and general psychopathology, emotional eating, and poor social adjustment. At post-treatment, differences in binge days between cluster groups were small and statistically nonsignificant, and differences in rates of binge-eating abstinence were only marginally significant. However, by 1-year follow-up, patients with DR-HNA had a greater increase in binge days, less abstinence from binge eating, a higher risk for relapse, and were significantly less likely to be in BED remission than those with DR-LNA. DR-HNA served as a predictor of poorer maintenance of BED therapeutic improvement. Future directions to better sustain outcomes among patients with DR-HNA include developing a brief measure to assess for the full construct of NA prior to and throughout treatment, enhancing BED interventions by focusing more on NA, and augmenting treatment dose. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychological aspect of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, which may be related to the quality of life, sleep and disease characteristics

Objectives Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) usually present with systemic and gastrointestinal problems. This may result in both physical and psychological burden. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between psychological burden and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), sleep quality and disease characteristics. Methods A total of 106 patients and 165 general populations were enrolled in this study. The demographic information, disease characteristics of participants were investigated. The SCL-90 was self-administered to evaluate psychometric properties. SF-36 and IBDQ were both used to the assessment of HRQoL, and PSQI to quality of sleep. Results The SCL-90 score of IBD was significantly higher than that of the control (p = .0007), especially in somatization, anxiety, depression, hostility and psychosis dimensions. Similar to IBDQ (p < .0001), the results of SF-36 (p < .0001) showed that the HRQoL of both Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) were somehow inferior to control. However, undifferentiated results were noted in patients between UC and CD. Good linear relationship between disease activity and SCL-90 (RUC = 0.53, pUC = .001; RCD = 0.36, pCD = .002), SF-36 (RUC = −0.42, pUC = .01; RCD = −0.49, pCD < .0001), IBDQ (RUC = −0.57, pUC = .0005; RCD = −0.52, pCD < .0001), PSQI (RUC = 0.50, pUC = .003; RCD = 0.27, pCD = .02) were observed. With the score of SCL-90 of patients increased, the SF-36 (R = −0.78, p < .0001) and IBDQ decreased (R = −0.74, p < .0001), PSQI increased (R = −0.70, p < .0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that disease activity, extraintestinal manifestations, weight loss may contribute to identify the psychological anomalies. Conclusions Altered psychological status can be found in IBD, reflecting the necessity of providing psychological care for them. The disease itself results in lower HRQoL. Better HRQoL and sleep quality are in concordance with better psychological health.

Late-life cynical hostility is associated with white matter alterations and the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Cynical hostility (CH), a specific dimension of hostility that consists of a mistrust of others, has been suggested as a high-risk trait for dementia. However, the influence of CH on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether late-life CH is associated with AD risk and structural neuroimaging markers of AD. In community-dwelling older adults from the French ESPRIT cohort (n = 1388), incident dementia rate according to CH level was monitored during an 8-year follow-up and analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Brain magnetic resonance imaging volumes were measured at baseline (n = 508). Using automated segmentation procedures (Freesurfer 6.0), the authors assessed brain grey and white volumes on all magnetic resonance imaging scans. They also measured white matter hyperintensities volumes using semi-automated procedures. Mean volumes according to the level of CH were compared using ANOVA. Eighty-four participants developed dementia (32 with AD). After controlling for potential confounders, high CH was predictive of AD (HR 2.74; 95% CI 1.10-6.85; p = 0.030) and all dementia types are taken together (HR 2.30; 95% CI 1.10-4.80; p = 0.027). High CH was associated with white matter alterations, particularly smaller anterior corpus callosum volume (p < 0.01) after False Discovery Rate correction, but not with grey matter volumes. High CH in late life is associated with cerebral white matter alterations, designated as early markers of dementia, and higher AD risk. Identifying lifestyle and biological determinants related to CH could provide clues on AD physiopathology and avenues for prevention strategies.

Peripheral endocannabinoids in eating disorders and obesity and its relationship with clinical and anthropometric variables

IntroductionAnandamide (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) play a pivotal role in food intake and reward aspects of feeding. Aberrant functioning in the endocannabinoid system has been observed in patients with eating disorders (EDs). This dysfunction may influence the incentive processes stimulating behaviors towards food acquisition or the hedonic evaluation of ingested food.ObjectivesThe aims of this study are to compare fasting peripheral levels of AEA and 2-AG in ED patients, obese subjects (OB) and healthy controls (HCs), and to explore their association with clinical and anthropometric variables.MethodsThe sample included a total of 63 adult women. Peripheral blood samples were collected to investigate fasting levels of AEA and 2-AG in 31 ED patients: 22 Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and 9 Binge Eating Disorder (BED), compared to 21 OB and 11 HCs. Several clinical and anthropometric variables were also assessed.ResultsComparing groups, significant differences in AEA levels were found (p=0.001). Specifically, individuals with AN exhibited lower AEA than OB (p&lt;0.001) and BED (p=0.007), while OB showed higher AEA than HCs (p=0.015). 2-AG was positively correlated with hostility dimension in EDs and negatively associated with impulsive traits in OB. AEA showed a direct association with body dissatisfaction in AN, contrary to OB. Finally, in AN, AEA negatively correlated with the body mass index, while 2-AG was positively associated with the fat mass.ConclusionsThese results suggest an interaction between biological and clinical factors defining a vulnerability pathway that could help fitting personalized therapeutic approaches in each condition.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Violence against women and its relationship with self-esteem of married women in Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine Relationship between violence against women and self-esteem in women of Tehran. The research method was descriptive. The study population consisted of all married women in Tehran, and the sample consisted of 70 women who were selected by convenience sampling. The questionnaire was consisted of Asayesh &amp; Golpasha Questionnaire on Dimensions of Violence against Women (2016) (AGDVS, 2016), which were completed by subjects. Findings show there is a significant negative relationship between dimensions of violence (economic (p&lt;0/01), hostility (p&lt;0/01), communication (p&lt;0/01), verbal (p&lt;0/05) and total (p&lt;0/01)) and self-esteem. These findings show that dimensions of violence (economic violence, communication, hostility and verbal abuse) are probably more relevant in decreasing of women’s self-esteem. This information can be used to interventions and training of family for counselors and therapists in order to promote women's self-esteem.

ВАСПИТНИ СТИЛ РОДИТЕЉА И РЕЛИГИОЗНОСТ СТУДЕНАТА

In this paper, we deal with parenting style and students` religiosity. Parenting styles, according D. Baumrind, authoritative, authoritarian and permissive, are viewed through their dimensions, the first through dimensions of connections, regulation and autonomy, and the second through dimensions of coercion, verbal hostility and notexplaining. Religiosity, according Glock and Stark, is viewed through the dimensions of belief, ritual and consequences. The survey was organized with the aim of finding a correlation between parenting style and religiosity of students. We used descriptive methods, scaling techniques, as instruments, assessment scales. The sample consisted 200 students from various University of Serbia, who evaluated the parental procedures of their parents, father and mother separately, and expressed personal views about religiosity. Results of the research show that the most common parental style is authoritative, that the parental styles of parents associated with sex of students, socio-economic status of the family and place of residence. The average score of students’ religiosity is associated with sex and place of residence of students, and according to the ritual dimension with fathers education. The only connection between parenting style and religiosity of students, is negative, and refers to coercion as a dimension of fathers authoritarianism and ritual and consequences, as well as the dimensions of religiosity. So, there is no statistically significant correlation between parenting style and religiosity of students, in general terms, except the coercion as a fathers parental procedure which is associated with ritual religiosity and consequences, in terms that the coercion pronounced by the father means less expressed practical religiosity. It turned out that religiosity is, indeed, a specific phenomenon that is quite difficult to realistically perceive and quantify, and our recommendation is to do so by combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, respecting the pluralism of scientific paradigms to avoid unambiguous interpretation of collected facts, which would enabled an integral, multidisciplinary understanding of the problem.

The righteous outrage of post-truth anti-feminism: An analysis of TubeCrush and feminist research in and of public space

Contemporary gender relations occur in a polarised environment characterised by popular feminism and networked misogyny. This context structures feminist researchers’ public engagement and exposes them to online hostility. Addressing a paucity of work on the affective dimensions of digital hostility, this article analyses 2400 comments made in The Daily Mail Online in response to feminist research on TubeCrush, a website featuring unsolicited images of men on the London underground. Our analysis shows feminists constructed as powerful but hypocritical; as discredited post-truth experts and, along with gay men and women in general, as being less knowledgeable or valid than white men. These discourses were united by an affective texture of an outrage that positions itself as righteous, undoing feminist knowledge and recuperating (white) male power. Identifying this as ‘righteous outrage’ offers important insights into the workings of contemporary anti-feminist sentiment where visibility is permitted so long as credibility is undone.

Hostility Dimensions and Metabolic Syndrome in a Healthy, Midlife Sample.

Evidence links trait hostility with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, but which hostility dimensions (e.g., expressive or cognitive hostility) relate to MetS are not well known. Further, there may be age and sex differences in the extent to which hostility dimensions relate to MetS. The present study evaluated associations between dimensions of hostility and the metabolic syndrome and its individual components as well as the moderating effects of sex and age. In a cross-sectional sample of 478 employed adults, a principal component analysis from common trait hostility questionnaires yielded a two-factor solution: expressive hostility (anger and aggression) and cognitive hostility (cynicism). Each of these two components of hostility was examined as predictors of each of two aggregated MetS outcomes: a dichotomous measure of MetS, based upon the NCEP-ATP III definition, and a continuous measure based upon the average of standardized scores for each component; and they were examined as predictors of individual MetS components as well. Expressive hostility was associated with MetS severity (b = 0.110, p = 0.04) and waist circumference (b = 2.75, p = 0.01). Moderation analyses revealed that elevated expressive hostility was associated with elevated waist circumference in women but not men. Cognitive hostility was not related to any metabolic syndrome component or aggregated outcome, and no moderation was observed. Among multiple individual components and two aggregated scores, only trait dispositions to expressed hostile affect and behavior were associated with MetS severity and waist circumference. The effects were small but statistically significant. The association between cognitive hostility and metabolic syndrome measures may not be robust in a large sample of healthy, midlife adults.

Teachers’ mental health becoming worse: The case of China

Education is one of the main pillars of sustainable development in a knowledge-based economy. Teachers' mental health is an essential factor affecting the quality of education. Using a cross-temporal meta-analysis, this paper reviewed 116 studies investigating the mental health status of Chinese teachers between 1998 and 2013. Results showed that there was a similar trend in mental health of different types of teachers and their mental health was generally deteriorating, especially in dimensions of hostility and psychoticism. This disconcerting finding may reflect a high-risk occupational stress on teachers. Teachers with poor mental health status may suffer from occupational stress, such as frequently changing regulatory framework, too many non-teaching tasks, overemphasis on competitions, excessively centralized control in teaching and low socioeconomic status. It is crucial to pay attention to teachers′ occupational stress and take effective measures to improve their mental health on a global scale.

The Effect of Media Violence on Early Teens’ Hostility

As violence shown in films steadily increases, notably in those targeted towards the teenage audience, this research looks into its effect specifically by observing the change in audiences’ hostility. An experiment was done on 125 Indonesian secondary school students to observe the effect of exposure to media violence on their feelings of hostility, measured using Anderson’s State Hostility Scale (1995, 2012). Students’ hostility scores were measured beforeand after being exposed to an assigned clip; either a violent clip, or an equally exciting but non-violent clip as a control group. Results showed that those in the violent condition were significantly more hostile after watching than before watching, and those in the violent condition were significantly more hostile post-exposure than those in the non-violent condition. Out of the four dimensions of hostility, the dimension ‘Lack of positive feelings’ was significantly highest in both conditions, and only the dimension ‘Aggravation’ significantly differed between the two conditions. These findings indicate that exposure to media violenceraises teen audiences’ hostility levels significantly, which implies that further precaution should be taken when exposing teens to certain film content which has significant immediate effects ontheir moods, while also raising the issue of its potential long-term effects, should this exposure be continuous.

Bilateral Prefrontal Cortex Anodal tDCS Effects on Self-reported Aggressiveness in Imprisoned Violent Offenders

Reduced activity of the frontal lobes, and particularly of the prefrontal cortex, has been related with violent behavior, aggression and crime. The causal importance of prefrontal cortex activity for aggressive behaviors and the self-perception of aggressiveness needs however to be clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of an anodal transcranial direct current stimulation protocol (tDCS, 1.5 mA, 15 min), which, according to previous studies, enhances cortical excitability, applied bilaterally over the prefrontal cortex on self-reported aggressiveness. Two imprisoned violent offender cohorts, discerned by the degree of aggressiveness (murderers vs. non-murderers), were included in this single-blind sham-controlled study. Self-reported aggressiveness was recorded before and after 3 tDCS sessions (one session per day). Four dimensions of aggression were evaluated by means of the standardized Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BAQ). In both inmate groups the results revealed an aggression-reducing effect of tDCS on the Physical aggression, Anger, and Verbal aggression dimensions of the BAQ. In the Hostility dimension, tDCS significantly reduced aggression only in the group of murderers. These results suggest that modulation of prefrontal cortex excitability by 3 consecutive sessions of tDCS reduces self-reported aggressiveness similarly in murderer and non-murderer samples.

A Scrutiny on the Aggression Levels of the Students of Sports, Vocational, and Anatolian High Schools

The objective has been set through this study to present and compare the aggression levels in three different High School types. The population of the study was constituted by the High School students in the province of Konya and its sampling group by the 226 male and 190 female students studying at Vocational High Schools, Anatolian High Schools, and Sports High Schools. In the study, demographic personal information form was used in the collection of personal information and Buss-Perry Aggression Scale (BPAS), which was developed by Buss and Perry (1992), whose the validity and reliability study in its Turkish form was performed by Demirtas-Mardan (2013), was used for determining the aggression levels. In terms of the anger dimension depending on the gender factor, no statistical change was observed, while it was determined that the average values for the male students in the physical aggression, hostility, and verbal aggression dimensions were higher than the female students and such changes were statistically significant (P&amp;lt;0.05). It can be said on the basis of the findings of this study that the aggression values of the Secondary Education students did not vary in line with the sportive activities and that the male students have more sense of aggression than female students.