Dimensions Of Flexibility Research Articles

Leveraging recommendations using a multiplex graph database

PurposeBy applying targeted graph algorithms, the method used by the authors enables effective prediction of user interactions and thus fulfils the complex requirements of modern recommender systems. This study sets a new benchmark for multidimensional recommendation strategies and offers a path towards more advanced and user-centric models.Design/methodology/approachTo improve multidimensional data recommendation systems, multiplex graph structures are useful to capture various types of user interactions. This paper presents a novel framework that uses a graph database to compute and manipulate multiplex graphs. The approach enables flexible dimension management and increases expressive power through a specialised algebra designed for multiplex graph manipulation.FindingsThe authors compare the multiplex graph approach with traditional matrix methods, in particular random walk with restart, and show that the method not only provides deeper insights into user preferences by integrating scores from different layers of the multiplex graph, but also outperforming matrix-based approaches in most configurations. The results highlight the potential of multiplex graphs for developing sophisticated and customised recommender systems that significantly improve both performance and explainability.Originality/valueThe study provides a formal specification of a multiplex graph construction based on interaction and content-based information; and the study also developed an algebra dedicated to multiplex graphs, enabling robust and precise graph manipulations necessary for effective recommendation queries. The authors implement these algebraic operations within the Neo4j graph database system with a thorough analysis and experimentation with three different data sets, benchmarked against traditional matrix-based methods.

Adopting marketing intelligence to achieve competitive advantage: Applied research in a sample of the union bank of Iraq

The purpose of this research is to investigate how a marketing intelligence system may help an organization get a competitive edge within the study setting and to comprehend the practicalities of doing so. There were two variables in the study: marketing intelligence, which was represented by the dimensions of customer understanding, market analysis, product intelligence, and competitor monitoring, was the independent variable, and competitive advantage, which was represented by the dimensions of cost, quality, flexibility, and delivery, was the dependent variable. Surveys were used in the study to get firsthand information from the Union Bank of Iraq in the province of Baghdad. A deliberate sample including thirty bank managers was chosen. SPSS V.26 software was utilized to process the data utilizing a range of statistical methods. The investigation produced a number of findings. The most notable of them was the direct connection and beneficial impact of the marketing intelligence system on Union Bank of Iraq's ability to gain a competitive edge. A number of recommendations were also made, the most notable of which being that the management of the bank should monitor environmental changes in order to recognize changes in the market, take advantage of opportunities, and address dangers.

Executive functions and their relationship with age: Insights from a novel neuropsychological Assessment Battery in Children—a pilot study

Executive functions (EFs) are a set of cognitive processes that enable individuals to manage and coordinate their thoughts and actions toward achieving specific goals. EFs include planning, organizing, initiating, and monitoring actions, and have been found to improve with age due to the maturation of the brain, especially during childhood. Therefore, our correlational study sought to determine the relationship between the performance in executive functions and age in 79 children (36 girls, 45.6%) throughout development, between the ages of 6 and 12 (mean = 9.25; SD = 2.05), using a battery designed in Chile: BEFE (Batería de Evaluación de las Funciones Ejecutivas: Executive Function Assessment Battery) based on traditional neuropsychological tests to evaluate Working Memory, Inhibitory Control, Cognitive Flexibility, and Planning skills. Our results showed various correlations between the variables age and performance in various behavioral parameters, demonstrating an increase in the number of correct responses (positive correlation) and/or a decrease in errors (negative correlation) with age (6–12) in the subtests that correspond to dimensions of Cognitive Flexibility (Semantic and Phonological Fluency, Card Sorting Game, and Tracing Tasks), Inhibitory Control (ENA-F and Sentence Completion), Working Memory (Audio-verbal WM Forward and Ordering, and Visuospatial WM Forward and Backward), and Planning (La Portada de Antofagasta and FISA Maps). These results are consistent with previous empirical evidence and support the notion of a developmental relationship between EF performance and age. Additionally, this study contributes to understanding EF development in culturally specific contexts, highlighting the importance of contextually relevant assessment tools in evaluating cognitive development.

أثر المرونة الاستراتيجية في تحقيق المــيزة التنافسية: دراسة ميدانية على شركات صناعة الأسمنت الخاصة في الجمهوريـة اليمنيــة

The study aimed to determine the impact of strategic flexibility in achieving competitive advantage in private cement manufacturing companies in the Republic of Yemen. The study used the descriptive analytical approach, and the questionnaire was relied upon as a tool for collecting data. The study population was formed through the method of comprehensive inventory of the occupants of management and specialist positions in the companies under study of (561) individuals, (452) valid questionnaires were retrieved for analysis. The Statistical Package for the Sciences (SPSS) version 20, the statistical program(STATA) (14) and the most important of which is the presence of a high level of practicing strategic flexibility and achieving competitive advantage in private cement manufacturing companies, and the presence of a statistically significant effect of dimensions of strategic flexibility (market flexibility, production flexibility, and human capital flexibility) affect the achievement of competitive advantage in private cement manufacturing companies Among its most important recommendations: adopting strategic flexibility at various levels of decision-making in the companies under study, paying attention to and encouraging new ideas for employees and adopting them, stimulating the creation of a culture of creativity among them.

What makes us strong: Conceptual and functional comparisons of psychological flexibility and resilience

Psychological flexibility and resilience represent adaptive functioning and the pursuit of values in the presence of adversity such as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the conceptual and functional differences between these constructs is essential given their overlapping roles as key protective factors. This study involved 1059 participants from a Korean community sample who completed self-reported surveys measuring psychological flexibility, resilience, and mental health outcomes. Network analysis was used to create a sparse network comprising six nodes for psychological flexibility and ten nodes for resilience. Bridge strength centrality was estimated to identify the nodes connecting the two constructs. In addition, we employed a relative weights analysis to evaluate the relative significance of each psychological flexibility process on mental health outcomes while accounting for the composite resilience score. Within the psychological flexibility cluster, “Leaving thoughts be,” “Steady self,” “Awareness of value,” and “Being engaged” emerged as bridge elements, with “Steady self” exhibiting the highest bridge strength. Additionally, different patterns were observed in the unique contribution of each psychological flexibility process to positive and negative mental health outcomes. These findings suggest the potential role of “Steady self” as a catalyst for the transfer of skills and coping mechanisms between the different dimensions of psychological flexibility and resilience. The influential processes identified in this study had predictive value in their association with mental health outcomes. Future directions and implications are discussed.

Investigating intentions and barriers in adopting decentralized home energy management systems: A justice dimension of demand flexibility

The integration of a decentralized home energy management system (HEMS) marks a pivotal advancement in the pursuit of enhanced energy efficiency and sustainability within modern households. While numerous studies focus on developing efficient and innovative programs from technical perspectives, the willingness of individuals to adopt these systems is equally crucial for achieving widespread adoption and ultimately creating a more energy-efficient society. Based on a large-scale online survey with 1,196 participants in California in 2021, we investigated the intentions related to the adoption of decentralized HEMS, particularly considering demand flexibility encompassing both air-conditioning (AC) and electric vehicles (EV) control, specifically focusing on socio-demographic disparities. Our analysis found greater openness for allowing HEMS to control AC usage compared to scheduling EV charging, possibly due to immediate comfort needs or trust in AC predictability. Low-income households showed less flexibility in adjusting both AC and EVs, while high-income households were less likely to decrease EV charging. Furthermore, homeowners exhibited greater flexibility compared to renters. Disparities between different racial backgrounds in EV charging time-shifting were more pronounced than in AC aspects. Our findings indicated that vulnerable populations may lack the flexibility and resources necessary to shift their energy consumption patterns effectively, potentially amplifying energy-related disparities and exacerbating their energy burden. Policy recommendations highlight the need for multifaceted approaches in addressing demand flexibility and energy management, especially with emerging technologies like EVs, to ensure equitable strategies for promoting sustainable energy practices across diverse communities.

Analysis of Public Service Performance at the Regional Revenue Agency (BAPENDA) of Bengkulu City

This article presents an analysis of public service performance at the Badan Pendapatan Daerah (Bapenda) of Bengkulu City, focusing on the collection of motor vehicle taxes and vehicle title transfer fees in 2023. In the context of this study, the effectiveness of Bapenda is analyzed across three aspects: production, quality, and efficiency, and is also examined from the dimensions of flexibility and employee satisfaction. The research method employs a descriptive-analytical approach by collecting data through observation, interviews, and analysis of related documents. The analysis results indicate that the effectiveness of Bapenda in managing regional revenue is still not optimal, particularly in terms of achieving revenue targets, service quality, and expenditure management efficiency. Although efforts have been made to verify the accountability of APBD implementation, errors in financial management by organizational units are still found. Based on these findings, it is concluded that Bapenda needs improvements in various aspects to enhance its effectiveness, including better coordination among units, increased understanding of applicable regulations, and improved employee satisfaction in performing verification tasks. The implications of this study highlight the importance of strengthening internal supervision and control in regional financial management to improve overall public service performance.

Benefits of flexibility in current and future IM-DD based TDM-PON [Invited

Due to continuously emerging high bandwidth applications, research and standardization of time division multiplexed passive optical networks (TDM-PONs) have focused on increasing the peak bitrate. However, increasing the bitrate while supporting the stringent optical power budget of a PON becomes increasingly challenging because of the larger chromatic dispersion penalties as well as reduced receiver sensitivity when the bitrate of the intensity modulation with direct-detection (IM-DD) based PON is increased. Also, increasing bitrate generally causes higher power consumption, which leads to more challenging thermal designs and misalignment with environmental targets. In this paper we give an overview of flexible concepts that can help achieve the required optical power budget and support reduced power consumption of a future IM-DD based TDM-PON. We demonstrate that a flexible PON can provide an increased overall throughput or an extended reach and power budget with the use of flexible modulation formats, probabilistic and geometric shaping, and flexible rate forward error correction (FEC). Another dimension of flexibility in the form of a configurable optical distribution network (ODN) is described and its merits and challenges are discussed. Flexible concepts based on interleaving of FEC codewords can align signal processing like FEC decoding and the protocol processing closer to the user-rate of an optical network unit (ONU), which leads to reduced power consumption. Flexibility based on multiple channels based on wavelength multiplexing or spatial multiplexing enables optimization of the power consumption to the amount of traffic on the PON. Several flexible concepts have already been adopted in the PON standards. We highlight flexible gain FEC for upstream 50G PON, the transmitter dispersion eye closure (TDEC) metric, and the flexible split-ratio ODN for power saving. Flexible modulation has not been adopted yet in PON standards, but it is expected that flexibility is more and more needed to support the performance, cost effectiveness, and power conservation of future optical access systems.

Analysis of ecological literacy level and creative thinking skills of college students

Higher education institution is one of educational institutions that serve as a place of cultural values, and norms expected to become a foundation to foster caring attitudes toward the environment. These attitudes are accordingly meant to develop ecological literacy in order to overcome environmental problems which are likely to be minimized by combining ecological literacy and creative thinking skills. A quantitative descriptive with correlational study was employed in this research. There were 275 college students from three areas in Indonesia, namely Jakarta, Sumatera, and Gorontalo involved as respondents of the research. Data was collected by means of Google Forms consisting of tests and opinions. The ecological literacy was analyzed using dimensions of caring, practical competence, and knowledge while the creative thinking skills were analyzed using dimensions of fluency, originality, flexibility, and elaboration. This research is limited to students in the Department of Science and Non-Science. Findings of the research indicates that the ecological literacy level is in the medium category, whereas the creative thinking skills are good. Female students have a higher average score in ecological literacy and creative thinking skills compared to that of male students. Thus, there is a positive relationship between ecological literacy and creative thinking skills.

Flexible learning dimensions in higher education: aligning students’ and educators’ perspectives for more inclusive practices

Driven by the rise of recent technologies and long-standing interest in accommodating diverse student needs, the demand for flexibility in higher education has intensified. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified studies investigating online learning effects, reflecting shifting preferences and demands in education. Although prior research recognizes diverse flexibility practices, a narrow focus on instructional delivery limits its potential. Bridging this gap requires re-envisioning flexible learning by involving students, educators, and institutions in the transformation process. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and compare students’ and educators’ perspectives and experiences of five dimensions of flexibility (deadlines, modality, assessment type, grading and weighting, and course correspondence). The study involves a quantitative and qualitative survey, composed of Likert scale and open-ended questions. The survey respondents were students (N = 315) and educators (N = 100) at Western University across different years and programs. The quantitative component reveals a general alignment between student and educator preferences across flexibility dimensions. Noteworthy preferences include collaborative deadline setting, non-timed and take-home assessments, and more frequent, lower-weighted tasks. Students’ increased preference for hybrid learning, despite a general preference for in-person formats, underscores the value placed on flexibility and adaptability. Qualitative findings illuminate the broader implications of flexibility that can be organized into the following four themes: (1) flexibility humanizes teaching and learning, (2) flexibility recognizes diverse student populations, (3) flexibility provides broad accommodation and increases accessibility, and (4) flexibility can offer immediate relief but poses long-term consequences. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the multifaceted nature of flexibility in higher education, offering a nuanced understanding of the impact of flexibility on students, educators, and institutions, encouraging further exploration and evidence-based policy decisions. Beyond academia, the research suggests potential reshaping of the higher education landscape, positioning flexibility as a fundamental element to foster a more inclusive, supportive, and effective learning environment for both students and educators.

Dimensions of psychological flexibility and their significance in people with somatic symptoms: The 18-item Flexibility Index Test (FIT-18).

Psychological flexibility has been hypothesized to preserve health in bad times. We examined whether psychological flexibility as assessed with an abbreviated questionnaire, was indicated to preserve mental and physical health when having somatic symptoms. Principal axis factoring indicated that two dimensions best represented the 60-item Flexibility Index Test (FIT-60) questionnaire: "mindfulness and acceptance" (M&A) and "commitment and behavior change" (C&BC). We selected 18 items that best denoted these dimensions (FIT-18 questionnaire). Regression analyses in 2060 Dutch people with and without persistent somatic symptoms, indicated that the M&A dimension (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and C&BC dimension (β = 0.09, p < 0.001) were additively associated with mental well-being, but not with physical functioning. Moreover, the M&A dimension was indicated to protect mental well-being when having more severe somatic symptoms (β = 0.11, p < 0.001). The observed differential associations with health suggest the significance for health of the two dimensions of psychological flexibility as assessed with the FIT-18 questionnaire.

Fuzzy causal model of enterprise flexibility dimensions using Fermatean Fuzzy DEMATEL: a case study of Indian pharmaceutical industry

PurposeTo develop a fuzzy causal model of enterprise flexibility dimensions in a case study of Indian pharmaceutical industry.Design/methodology/approachThe eight dimensions of enterprise flexibility were identified based on literature review. Fermatean fuzzy decision-making trail and evaluation laboratory (FF-DEMATEL) technique is applied to develop the cause-and-effect interrelationship model among various enterprise flexibility dimensions.FindingsThe information technology flexibility, supply chain flexibility, technical flexibility and marketing flexibility are found to be causing/influencing other flexibilities and contributing to overall enterprise flexibilities. Therefore, more attention needs to be paid to develop and sustain them for competitive advantage.Research limitations/implicationsFermatean fuzzy sets offer more flexibility and more accurate handling complex uncertain group decision making. FF-DEMATEL is a more accurate method to develop inter-dependencies and causal model than ISM, TISM. Ratings from the limited number of decision experts (DEs) from few pharmaceutical firms were done. Future study should take bigger sample of firms and more number of DEs to generalize the findings.Practical implicationsThe model will help managers in pharmaceutical industry to prioritize the dimensions of enterprise flexibility to achieve agility, responsiveness, resilience and competitive advantage.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the authors, causal modeling enterprise flexibility dimensions using FF-DEMATEL has been studied for the first time in a developing economy context.

Analysis of Regency and City Government Financial Reports in Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

This research aims to analyze the financial condition of district and city governments in West Nusa Tenggara Province for the 2017-2021 period using analysis of financial flexibility ratios, financial independence ratios, and solvency ratios. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative. The research results show that for the group of district and city governments in West Nusa Tenggara Province in the 2017-2021 period that showed the best conditions in the short-term financial solvency dimension was the Bima City Government; the dimension of long-term financial solvency is the Bima Regency Government; the budget solvency dimension is the North Lombok Regency Government; the operational solvency dimension is the North Lombok Regency Government; the dimension of financial independence is the Mataram City Government; the financial flexibility dimension is the West Sumbawa Regency Government; the dimension of service solvency is the West Sumbawa Regency Government.

Supply Chain Performance Measurement: The Green Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) Approach

Purpose: This study aims to design metrics and implement supply chain performance measurements of upstream textile companies in Indonesia using the Green Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) perspective approach. Methods: The design and measurement approach uses Green SCOR based on metrics developed by APIC. The weighting of level one and level two assessment metrics using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is based on the results of questionnaires from 20 upstream textile companies spread across the island of Java. Results and discussion: The main findings show that supply chain performance in the upstream sector of textile companies in Indonesia can be classified as good if measured using a supply chain performance metric design with the Green Supply Chain Operations Referendum approach. Opportunities to improve performance in the plan, source, make, delivery, and return aspects using Green SCOR's best practices in the textile industry. Implications of the research: The study's limitations did not include the financial aspects of the company, so it cannot provide a complete picture of the company's supply chain performance. Originality/value: The knowledge gained from this study is an important reference for managers of upstream textile companies to improve the company's green supply chain performance in the future. Managers can set improvement priorities based on the results of performance measurements on the dimensions of reliability, responsiveness, flexibility, and environmental aspects based on the metrics designed by the researcher. In addition, the design of this metric can be used by companies in the medium and downstream textile industry to improve the overall green supply chain performance of the textile industry.

Student Creativity in Developing Interactive Multimedia Using Kodular for Junior High School Mathematics Learning

This research is qualitative research that aimed to investigate the results of the development of learning media by students to improve school students' creative performance and students' creative thinking using the Kodular application. This study focuses on the problem of the lack of learning media at the junior high school level which is used as a means of independent learning for students at home. The subject was a class of The Department of Mathematics Education. The research subjects were 41 students in the department of mathematics education. data were taken using observation and documentation techniques that were adapted to mathematical creative thinking indicators. Interactive multimedia developed by students in the form of mathematical material presented in text form, containing equations, screenshots of graphics from the Desmos application, and video explanations of the material. Furthermore, practice questions and post-tests are presented using the help of Google Form, Quizziz, and Liveworksheets so that users get a direct response to the answers to the questions so that they meet the interactive characteristics of the learning media. The results obtained are 41 students are able to develop interactive multimedia that is run through an android application in junior high school mathematics learning. Creative thinking skills are achieved by using the dimensions of fluency, flexibility, and originality. This is achieved from media development carried out by students The creative performance of students reaches the usefulness dimension but has not been able to reach the novelty of the interactive multimedia that has been developed.

The Effect of Organizational Flexibility on Organizational Ambidexterity in Higher Education Institutions in Iraq

The purpose of this research is to examine how different dimensions of organizational flexibility (strategic, structural, and operational) impact organizational ambidexterity within the higher education sector in Iraq. To collect data, a survey instrument is used and a quantitative approach is adopted, with 85 academic staff members participating out of a targeted sample size of 295 lecturers from colleges and institutes within Duhok Polytechnic University (DPU) located in Duhok city, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Structural Equation Modelling is utilized to determine the direction of the relationship between the variables. Based on the study, it was found that Structure Flexibility has a positive and significant impact on both Exploration and Exploitation of organizational ambidexterity. Additionally, Operational Flexibility also had a significant and positive effect on Exploration and Exploitation. However, the effect of Strategy Flexibility on organizational ambidexterity (Exploration and Exploitation was not significant and surpassed the significance level of 0.05. In addition to the findings, this study addresses the key policy implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research regarding higher education institutions.

A fresh lens on psychological flexibility: Using network analysis and the Unified Flexibility and Mindfulness Model to uncover paths to wellbeing and distress

The current study sought to ground exploratory network analyses on 12 dimensions of psychological flexibility (PF) within the conceptual framework of the Unified Flexibility and Mindfulness (UFM) Model, organizing aspects of psychological flexibility into distinct stepwise stages of responding to difficult thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Toward that end, psychological network analyses were conducted within a sample of 276 undergraduate students (62% White, 61% female, Mage = 19) with a wide range of psychological distress and wellbeing in order to comprehensively explore the relationships between psychological flexibility and inflexibility processes as well as their unique links to various individual outcomes. The results offered new insights to the PF model. Whereas dimensions of flexibility demonstrated robust links to wellbeing, dimensions of inflexibility demonstrated more robust links to forms of distress. The models also highlighted cognitive fusion, inaction, contact with values, and self-as-context as notably central processes demonstrating strong links to many other forms of PF and to both psychological distress and wellbeing. Visualizing the results within the UFM conceptual framework offered tentative support for that model, as the results suggested that maintaining mindful present moment awareness was proximally linked to greater use of decentering strategies (i.e., acceptance, self-as-context, defusion) in response to difficult experiences, which were in turn proximally linked to more value-driven behavior (i.e., maintaining contact with values and engaging in committed action despite any setbacks or difficulties), which were proximally linked to various forms of wellbeing (i.e., psychological, social, environmental, and physical health wellbeing, flourishing). Additional links emerged (albeit relatively weaker) suggesting an even higher level of interconnectivity among mindful flexibility processes than suggested by the stages of the UFM. In fact, although most of the links were in the expected directions, experiential avoidance was linked to greater self-as-context, suggesting possible adaptive forms of that behavior. Implications are discussed.

Towards a more flexible SMEs: can HR flexibility spur the nexus between capacity-enhancing HR practices and job performance?

PurposeThe study investigates the mediating effect of HR flexibility in the relationship between capacity-enhancing HR practices and job performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Egypt.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of the literature review, the results imply a quantitatively tested conceptual model. The model is empirically validated using the partial least squares method to structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with survey data from 270 SME owners and managers in Egypt. The sample was selected using a quota sampling approach for small and medium-sized businesses and a proportionate stratification sampling method for the industry and region.FindingsFindings for the sample revealed that capacity-enhancing HR practices affected job performance positively and significantly. The findings also revealed a direct, positive and significant impact of capacity-enhancing HR practices on HR flexibility and HR flexibility on job performance. Functional flexibility was identified as a significant mediator of the capacity-enhancing HR practices-job performance link, whereas behavioural and skill flexibility were not significant mediators for such a relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe study's cross-sectional design is an evident weakness. All variables were self-reported; this may raise issues regarding method bias. Other limitations include the generalisability of the study's findings outside the setting in which it was conducted. The accuracy of the field study results would have been enhanced if they had not been limited exclusively to the geographical confines of Egypt.Originality/valueThe paper proposes many implications emphasising the role of HR flexibility in enhancing the performance of SMEs. The study developed a mediation model to understand how SMEs boost the performance of human resources by focusing on flexibility dimensions. Accordingly, companies may strategically employ flexible practices and provide an environment that encourages skill and behavioural development.

An analysis of the influence of physical activity break on primary school student fitness

To avoid issues with primary school pupils' sedentary lifestyle and fitness, it is important to evaluate how long they sit while studying in class. This study aims to ascertain 1) the impact of physical activity breaks on elementary school students' physical fitness, and 2) the variation in the improvement in physical fitness of elementary school students between the group with physical activity break intervention and the group without intervention. This is a quasi-experimental study with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The study's subjects were Yogyakarta Syuhada Mosque School elementary school children aged 7 to 9. The cluster random sampling method was employed to choose the research sample, with 40 students serving as the experimental group and 40 serving as the control group. A physical fitness test was used to collect data for this research. The paired T test was employed in the first analysis to examine the effect of physical activity break treatments on students' fitness. The Mann-Whitney Test was employed in the following data analysis to determine the difference in the outcomes of the rise between the experimental group and the control group. The results of the paired T test concluded that physical activity breaks had an influence on the dimensions of physical fitness which included the dimensions of speed with a value of sig 0.0, Agility sig 0.001, Arm Power sig 0.0, Leg Power sig 0.0, and flexibility sig 0.003. Based on the improvement results of each group, there were differences between the experimental group and the control group based on the Mann-Whitney Test sig value. Increase in speed sig 0.0, agility sig 0.032, arm power sig 0.0, and leg power sig 0.02. There is no difference in the flexibility dimension between the experimental group and the control group with a sig value of 0.908. Effect size with Cohen's formulation and criteria for the experimental group in the dimensions of speed 1.16 (high), agility 0.59 (moderate), flexibility -0.51 (very low), arm power 1.55 (high), leg power 0.87 (moderate). Because of the good impact on the dimensions of physical fitness, physical activity breaks can be incorporated in primary schools. In this day and age, physical activity breaks could be a solution to students' low fitness and sedentary lifestyle issues. Key words: physical activity break, primary school, student fitness

The impact of dimensions of strategic flexibility on organizational performance in Libyan Airlines Company

This study aimed to identify the impact of dimensions of strategic flexibility on organizational performance in Libyan Airlines Company. In order to achieve the objectives of the study، the study followed the descriptive analytical method، where the study used a questionnaire to collect data، the questionnaire have been distributed to (133) employees at Libyan Airlines Company، and the collected questionnaire were (124)، representing (93%). A valid statistical analysis form and analysis of the study data was used e-Computer and use a statistical program from the software package contained in SPSS and according to percentages and averages arithmetic and multi regression analysis and other statistical analyzes، the study have reached many results، the most important of these results are the level of availability of dimensions of strategic flexibility including resource flexibility، capacity flexibility، market flexibility، and competitive flexibility in Libyan Airlines Company were average، and there is a statistically a significant effect between dimensions of strategic flexibility including (resource flexibility، capacity flexibility، market flexibility، and competitive flexibility) and organizational performance in Libyan Airlines Company، in the light of these results which the study reached, the study presented a number of recommendations. Keywords: Dimensions of Strategic Flexibility، Organizational Performance، Libyan Airlines Company