Diverse Dimensions Research Articles

Diversity and Inclusion in Science Education: Why? A Literature Review

In the last twenty years, there has been a consensus around the world that effective science education is vital to economic success in the emerging knowledge age. It is also suggested that knowledge of science and scientific ways of thinking is essential to participation in democratic decisionmaking. Students may recognise differences and advocate diversity, but assimilating those ideas requires the creation of conditions in which students can think deeply about situations that require tolerance. Schools in many countries and regions of the world are places shaped by cultural diversity. One may observe that in many schools there are social developments like migration and demographic and value change, consequently increasing the diversity of students. The issue of diversity in science education is therefore tackled according to many aspects, e.g., culture, language, scientific literacy and gender. The aim of the present literature review is to align the ERASMUS+ project Diversity in Science towards Social Inclusion with studies and views regarding diversity and inclusion in science education. The main goals of this project were to promote inclusive education and to train and foster the education of disadvantaged learners through a range of measures, including supporting education staff in addressing diversity and reinforcing diversity among education staff. Practices dealing with dimensions of diversity and inclusion in science education are developed and the partners shared the good practices that they developed.

Network portfolio diversity and social innovation: An egocentric approach to cross-sector partnerships

The culmination of network and organization research suggests diverse network ties bolster innovation. Extending this line of research, this study examines how three distinct dimensions of network portfolio diversity—duration, tie strength, and collaboration type—are related to organizational innovation. Survey, ego network, and expert evaluation data on 258 U.S. social ventures suggest that these different dimensions have differential impact on the novelty of ideas organizations develop to tackle social issues (i.e., social innovation). Specifically, while diversity in relationship duration with nonprofit partners had an inverted U-shaped curvilinear relationship with social innovation, diversity in collaboration type with business partners and diversity in tie strength with government partners each had a U-shaped curvilinear relationship. These results highlight that the relationship between network diversity and organizational innovation is contingent on the network portfolio dimension, as well as the partner sector. This research contributes to theorizing on social and interorganizational networks, cross-sector partnerships, and social innovation. Findings also have implications for organizational leaders as they configure heterogeneous ego network portfolios to boost innovation for social impact.

Benchmarking antibody clustering methods using sequence, structural, and machine learning similarity measures for antibody discovery applications.

Antibodies are proteins produced by our immune system that have been harnessed as biotherapeutics. The discovery of antibody-based therapeutics relies on analyzing large volumes of diverse sequences coming from phage display or animal immunizations. Identification of suitable therapeutic candidates is achieved by grouping the sequences by their similarity and subsequent selection of a diverse set of antibodies for further tests. Such groupings are typically created using sequence-similarity measures alone. Maximizing diversity in selected candidates is crucial to reducing the number of tests of molecules with near-identical properties. With the advances in structural modeling and machine learning, antibodies can now be grouped across other diversity dimensions, such as predicted paratopes or three-dimensional structures. Here we benchmarked antibody grouping methods using clonotype, sequence, paratope prediction, structure prediction, and embedding information. The results were benchmarked on two tasks: binder detection and epitope mapping. We demonstrate that on binder detection no method appears to outperform the others, while on epitope mapping, clonotype, paratope, and embedding clusterings are top performers. Most importantly, all the methods propose orthogonal groupings, offering more diverse pools of candidates when using multiple methods than any single method alone. To facilitate exploring the diversity of antibodies using different methods, we have created an online tool-CLAP-available at (clap.naturalantibody.com) that allows users to group, contrast, and visualize antibodies using the different grouping methods.

Montana as Place of (Un)Belonging: Landscape, Identity, and the American West in Bella Vista (2014)

Abstract The American West is not just a geographical terrain but a mythical construct that occupies a powerful place in the popular imagination thanks to myriad literary and artistic works that have presented the region through specific archetypes emphasizing its vast ruggedness, white masculinity, and unique Americanness. In recent decades, revisionist scholarly and artistic works, however, have attempted to offer more nuanced perspectives on the region challenging its assumed homogenous history and fixed and stable identity. In particular, women filmmakers have recast the region through multifaceted representations underlining its complexity, diversity, and transnational dimensions. This article analyzes Vera Brunner-Sung’s film Bella Vista (2014) to examine how the film intervenes in previously constructed representations of the American West through its emphasis on transience, displacement, and belonging. Set and made in Montana, the film employs a “slow cinema” aesthetic to offer deep insights into the local and global dynamics of the place as well as the formation of identity and (un)belonging within a Western landscape. The film, as the article argues, provides a reconsideration of the West through diverse localities that are in constant relation with the outside and in turn have generated diverse individual experiences regarding the place.

Stock Price Reaction to Environmental, Social, and Governance News: Evidence from Brazil and Financial Materiality

This study explores the relationship between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices and the market value of companies, with a focus on Brazil’s largest corporations. Recognizing the limitations of existing research tools for analyzing the impact of ESG factors, we introduce an innovative, open-source Dictionary of ESG Terms. This tool is designed to classify news content into the detailed categories established by the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), thereby facilitating a nuanced analysis of ESG-related news and its subsequent effects on stock prices. Our analysis reveals that stock prices exhibit significant positive reactions to favorable ESG news and negative reactions to adverse ESG developments. Crucially, our findings underscore the discernment of investors, who appear to prioritize financially material ESG information over news bearing solely reputational or non-pecuniary significance. This distinction highlights the critical role of financial materiality in shaping market responses to ESG news. By providing empirical evidence from the Brazilian market, this study contributes to the broader discourse on ESG factors in corporate valuation. It offers practical tools and insights for investors, companies, and regulators aiming to better understand the complexities of ESG investment strategies. Through the application of our comprehensive ESG Dictionary, we shed light on the diverse dimensions of ESG impact, suggesting an approach to evaluate how ESG practices influence corporate market value in emerging economies.

Language as a Source of Epistemic Injustice in Organisations

AbstractAlthough there is now a substantial body of literature exploring the effects of language diversity in international management contexts, little attention has been paid to the ethical dimensions of language diversity at work. This conceptual paper draws on the concept of epistemic injustice in order to explore how language, and in particular corporate language policies, may act as a source of epistemic injustice within the workplace. It demonstrates how language competence affects credibility judgements about a speaker, and also considers how corporate language policies can create situations of hermeneutic injustice, in which marginalised groups are denied the vocabularies to understand their own experiences. Finally, ways in which such epistemic harms can be reduced are discussed, and the possibilities for management education to create epistemically responsible managers are highlighted.

Gender quotas, board diversity and spillover effects. Evidence from Italian banks

We study the impact of a law, which required the increase of the proportion of women on boards of listed companies to at least one third. We look at its impact on listed banks, but also test whether it led to spillovers into non-listed banks belonging to listed groups or along board diversity dimensions other than gender. Using administrative data, we compare diversity measures of boards of listed and non-listed banks in listed groups with those in non-listed groups, before and after the introduction of the law, in a difference-in-differences specification. We find that the gender quota law only changed the composition of the boards of listed banks, with no effects on their economic performance, nor relevant spillovers on other non-listed banks in listed groups. The law also enhanced diversity on boards of directors of listed banks along individual characteristics other than gender.

Does higher ranking ensure higher student satisfaction: evidence from higher education institutions in India

PurposeProspective students and other stakeholders in the education system use global and national rankings as a measure of the quality of education offered by different higher educational institutions. The ranking of an Institution is seen as a measure of reputation and has a significant role in attracting students. But are students happy in the top-ranked institutions? Does a high rank translate into high student satisfaction? This study answers this question taking data from top educational institutions in India.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines how the top-ranked higher education institutions in India fare on student satisfaction. Using the data on key performance indicators published by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) and student satisfaction scores of these institutions reported by NAAC, the study explores a possible relationship between the ranking of an institution and its student satisfaction score.FindingsThe study finds no significant relationship between the ranking of an institution and its student satisfaction score. The only institutional performance dimension which has a positive correlation with student satisfaction is graduate outcome. The diversity dimension is seen to be negatively correlated with student satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe importance of modifying the ranking frameworks to account for the real drivers of student satisfaction is highlighted. The items in the student satisfaction survey should be regularly updated to reflect the actual concerns of the students. This is very important given the fact that the number of Indian students going abroad for higher education recorded a six-year high in 2022 at 750,365.Originality/valueWith more than 50,000 institutions catering to over 40 million students, India has the largest higher education system in the world. Given the high level of competition among these institutions, ranking and accreditation have become important parameters used by students for selection of an institution. But do top-ranked higher education institutions have the most satisfied student community? The assumption is disproved using the most credible secondary data. This study is the first of its kind in the Indian context. It has huge implications for the most respected ranking frameworks.

Online Sensitivity Optimization in Differentially Private Learning

Training differentially private machine learning models requires constraining an individual's contribution to the optimization process. This is achieved by clipping the 2-norm of their gradient at a predetermined threshold prior to averaging and batch sanitization. This selection adversely influences optimization in two opposing ways: it either exacerbates the bias due to excessive clipping at lower values, or augments sanitization noise at higher values. The choice significantly hinges on factors such as the dataset, model architecture, and even varies within the same optimization, demanding meticulous tuning usually accomplished through a grid search. In order to circumvent the privacy expenses incurred in hyperparameter tuning, we present a novel approach to dynamically optimize the clipping threshold. We treat this threshold as an additional learnable parameter, establishing a clean relationship between the threshold and the cost function. This allows us to optimize the former with gradient descent, with minimal repercussions on the overall privacy analysis. Our method is thoroughly assessed against alternative fixed and adaptive strategies across diverse datasets, tasks, model dimensions, and privacy levels. Our results indicate that it performs comparably or better in the evaluated scenarios, given the same privacy requirements.

DVSAI: Diverse View-Shared Anchors Based Incomplete Multi-View Clustering

In numerous real-world applications, it is quite common that sample information is partially available for some views due to machine breakdown or sensor failure, causing the problem of incomplete multi-view clustering (IMVC). While several IMVC approaches using view-shared anchors have successfully achieved pleasing performance improvement, (1) they generally construct anchors with only one dimension, which could deteriorate the multi-view diversity, bringing about serious information loss; (2) the constructed anchors are typically with a single size, which could not sufficiently characterize the distribution of the whole samples, leading to limited clustering performance. For generating view-shared anchors with multi-dimension and multi-size for IMVC, we design a novel framework called Diverse View-Shared Anchors based Incomplete multi-view clustering (DVSAI). Concretely, we associate each partial view with several potential spaces. In each space, we enable anchors to communicate among views and generate the view-shared anchors with space-specific dimension and size. Consequently, spaces with various scales make the generated view-shared anchors enjoy diverse dimensions and sizes. Subsequently, we devise an integration scheme with linear computational and memory expenditures to integrate the outputted multi-scale unified anchor graphs such that running spectral algorithm generates the spectral embedding. Afterwards, we theoretically demonstrate that DVSAI owns linear time and space costs, thus well-suited for tackling large-size datasets. Finally, comprehensive experiments confirm the effectiveness and advantages of DVSAI.

Collaborative development model and strategies of multi-energy industry clusters: Multi-indicators analysis affecting the development of coastal energy clusters

The paper explores Coastal Energy-Based Industrial Clusters (EBICs) and their role in advancing energy efficiency and sustainability through collaborative innovation. Economic growth theory and energy sustainability have been introduced into industrial clusters to illustrate indicators that have a greater impact on the development of EBICs. This paper proposes an EBICs development model based on the Cobb-Douglas function, in which accounts for various factors that drive the progress of such clusters. The outcomes of the economic model also provide insights into how the interaction of various factors affects the economic growth of EBICs and their eventual dominance in the energy market of coastal regions, dependent on gradually investing in areas such as research and development (R&D). Different development strategies demonstrate that the final development of a cluster has low dependence on the cluster's initial advantages. The study also illustrates how clusters can gradually monopolize the energy market, even with initial disadvantages. Through quantitative analysis, it showcases the transformation process of developing advantageous clusters into sub-clusters. Next, an energy symbiosis framework for coastal is proposed, which places greater emphasis on the multi-energy complementary system and reduces production costs. Finally, this paper also sheds light on shaping energy strategies for public authorities who shape economic policies at various levels of aggregation and in diverse dimensions.

From service design thinking to the third generation of activity theory: a new model for designing AI-based decision-support systems.

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning, has brought a significant transformation in decision-making (DM) processes within organizations, with AI gradually assuming responsibilities that were traditionally performed by humans. However, as shown by recent findings, the acceptance of AI-based solutions in DM remains a concern as individuals still strongly prefer human intervention. This resistance can be attributed to psychological factors and other trust-related issues. To address these challenges, recent studies show that practical guidelines for user-centered design of AI are needed to promote justified trust in AI-based systems. To this aim, our study bridges Service Design Thinking and the third generation of Activity Theory to create a model which serves as a set of practical guidelines for the user centered design of Multi-Actor AI-based DSS. This model is created through the qualitative study of human activity as a unit of analysis. Nevertheless, it holds the potential for further enhancement through the application of quantitative methods to explore its diverse dimensions more extensively. As an illustrative example, we used a case study in the field of human capital investments, with a particular focus on organizational development, which involves managers, professionals, coaches and other significant actors. As a result, the qualitative methodology employed in our study can be characterized as a "pre-quantitative" investigation. This framework aims at locating the contribution of AI in complex human activity and identifying the potential role of quantitative data in it.

Controlled Self‐Assembly of Vesicles by Electrospray Deposition

The self‐assembly of amphiphilic molecules produces structures of diverse dimensions, encompassing micelles, tubules, lamellae, and vesicles. This study focuses on elucidating the controllability of amphiphilic lipid molecule self‐assembly in size and uniformity to facilitate our understanding of the molecular characteristics that correlate with the functions and attributes of the assembled structures. Electrospray deposition allows micropatterning of lipid molecules in conjunction with a conductive–nonconductive patterned substrate. The solvent in the sprayed mist undergoes evaporation during flight, leading to the deposition of dry lipids exclusively on the conductive regions of the substrate. This process enables homogeneous lipid micropatterning, effectively circumventing the coffee‐ring effect. Subsequent hydration of the lipid pattern triggers the spontaneous formation of a size‐controlled, unilamellar vesicle array on the substrate, spanning an area of a few square millimeters. The vesicles exhibits monodispersity, with a coefficient of variation below 8% for sizes ranging from 5 to 20 μm. The size‐controlled self‐assembly process is adaptable to various lipid compositions, thereby demonstrating that the molecular characteristics manifest in the morphological features appear as phase separation, budding, and curvature of vesicle membranes. The approach further validates its suitability for conducting time‐resolved analyses of molecular transport and ligand binding on the monodispersed vesicle array.

Religiosity in the Digital Era and the Challenges of Hoaxes, Post-Truth and Radicalism on Social Media

In the era of globalization and advances in information technology, social media plays a key role in shaping the dynamics of people's daily lives. This phenomenon not only affects social and economic aspects but also penetrates the diverse dimensions of religious life. This article examines the impact of social media on people's religiosity, specifically in context post-truth and hoaxes. There is a trend where urban people prefer to get religious understanding from ustaz/clerics on social media rather than from traditional religious authorities. Freedom of expression on social media, without an adequate selection process and credibility, creates a diversity of interpretations that can confuse the public. The rise of hoaxes and information post-truths on social media poses a serious challenge to quality religious understanding and traditional religious authority. This article highlights the potential for religious disintegration and radicalism as a result of hoax information and post-truth on social media. Through a qualitative approach and case studies, this research explores the transformation of religious paradigms, freedom of expression, and the diversity of interpretations that occur on social media. This article suggests efforts to verify information and increase media literacy as a solution to overcome the negative impact of social media on people's religiosity.

Innovation from Inclusivity: The Effect of Team Diversity on Clean Meat Acceptance

In an era where corporate social responsibility (CSR) dominates organizational agendas, the dimension of team diversity remains largely overshadowed. Despite its transformative potential, the interplay between team diversity and consumer product acceptance has been under-represented in the literature. This study illuminates the potency of team diversity as a critical CSR dimension, revealing its impact on bolstering product acceptance. In the context of clean meat, two experimental studies demonstrate that consumers are more willing to try a product developed by a company with a more diverse team (e.g. race and gender), as such firms are likely to account for a diversity of perspectives, thus enhancing consumer trust. Additionally, perceived authenticity moderates this effect, in that consumers of more authentic brands will be more trusting, regardless of the level of team diversity. The study provides critical insights into how consumers’ perception of team diversity within the firm influences product adoption, and how both team diversity and perceived authenticity drive trustworthiness. The findings offer practical implications for marketers of clean meat and other novel products to accelerate market acceptance and consequently, address broader societal challenges, whilst emphasizing the importance of fostering diversity and promoting brand authenticity.

Health literacy in the context of child health promotion: a scoping review of conceptualizations and descriptions

BackgroundIncreasing health literacy (HL) in children could be an opportunity for a more health literate future generation. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of how HL is conceptualized and described in the context of health promotion in 9–12-year-old children.MethodsA systematic and comprehensive search for ‘health literacy’ and ‘children’ and ‘measure’ was performed in accordance with PRISMA ScR in PubMed, Embase.com and via Ebsco in CINAHL, APA PsycInfo and ERIC. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts and evaluated full-text publications regarding eligibility. Data was extracted systematically, and the extracted descriptions of HL were analyzed qualitatively using deductive analysis based on previously published HL definitions.ResultsThe search provided 5,401 original titles, of which 26 eligible publications were included. We found a wide variation of descriptions of learning outcomes as well as competencies for HL. Most HL descriptions could be linked to commonly used definitions of HL in the literature, and some combined several HL dimensions. The descriptions varied between HL dimensions and were not always relevant to health promotion. The educational setting plays a prominent role in HL regarding health promotion.ConclusionThe description of HL is truly diverse and complex encompassing a wide range of topics. We recommend adopting a comprehensive and integrated approach to describe HL dimensions, particularly in the context of health promotion for children. By considering the diverse dimensions of HL and its integration within educational programs, children can learn HL skills and competencies from an early age.

Cross-culture analysis of batik sub-culture Pekalongan: A case study on the complexity dimensions of representation, diversity and conflict

Pekalongan batik sub-culture development is influenced by three cultures namely Javanese, Chinese and Arabic. Most studies of batik use a cultural and socioeconomic analysis by focusing mainly its cultural aspects. This research aims to analysis transformation of social and economic assets, by using a different perspective namely cross-cultural theory and democratization framework in order to explain the political economic contestation among the entrepreneurs. This research uses Robert Dahl’s conceptual framework regarding the development of democracy and only uses three of the seven relevant aspects, namely: (a) representation, (b) diversity, and (c) conflict. Case studies as a qualitative methodology are used with in-depth interview techniques, observation and literature reviews as data collection tools. The results of this study are, Pekalongan batik sub-culture has formed a kind of long acculturation formation in the cultural perspective, but secondly it also contributes to develop a kind of political contestation, conflicts and gender-bias political practices This study concludes that regional autonomy and decentralization policies have created space for political contestation and opened up opportunities to transform the social/economic capital of batik entrepreneurs as assets for political contestation and have even raised the issue of identity politics.

Social Work Education on Transgender and Gender Nonconforming People: Application of an Intersectional Feminist Lens and Suggested Classroom Exercises

ABSTRACT This paper argues for the application of Intersectional Feminist theoretical lens to social work pedagogy and provides sample educational activities, from simple to complex, which apply this lens to bachelors, masters, and doctoral social work levels. All social workers must be prepared to work effectively with transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people. This work relies on social workers’ knowledge, skills, and self-awareness. Social workers who lack knowledge, skills, and self-awareness of the dimensions of gender diversity can create barriers to care for TGNC people. Increasingly, research on social work education and professional social work organizations are encouraging and expanding guidelines for effective practices with TGNC people. Much of this guidance stresses discrete practices rather than situating practice within a broader theoretical framework. Rather than adding to general guidance, we advocate for the application of an Intersectional Feminist lens in teaching social workers dimensions of gender diversity. Applying an Intersectional Feminist lens to social work education creates a context to frame educational activities and facilitates students’ self-discovery of personally and socially held conceptions and biases related to gender. We include activities to help those teaching social work infuse this lens into pedagogy across levels of teaching social work.

Exploring Curiosity in Games: A Framework and Questionnaire Study of Player Perspectives

In game design, curiosity is often a critical driver of player engagement, yet its complex role in influencing player experience remains underexplored. The present study aims to delineate the categorisation and representation of curiosity in game playing and how it contributes to the game experience. A survey of 482 participants was conducted to investigate the multifaceted nature of curiosity. The findings indicate that game-related curiosity encompasses seven broad categories and 13 separate performance dimensions. Notably, the study reveals players’ pronounced preference for games that foster social interaction, offer strategic challenges, and strike a delicate balance between uncertainty and the anticipation of future rewards. The results also highlight that beyond appreciation for high-quality games, those that effectively tap into diverse dimensions of curiosity can sustain player engagement. This nuanced comprehension of curiosity within game environments highlights the potential for more focused and efficacious design strategies, potentially augmenting player satisfaction and fostering loyalty.

Analisis nilai profil pelajar pancasila dalam teks cerita fiksi pada buku siswa bahasa indonesia kelas 4 SD kurikulum merdeka

This research aims to analyze and describe the value of the Pancasila Student Profile found in fictional story texts in the Indonesian Language Student Book for Class 4 Elementary School Merdeka Curriculum. This research uses a non-experimental research design, namely research carried out without any intervention or treatment (trial) on the research subjects. The approach used is descriptive quantitative with content analysis research methods, while the data analysis technique used is a hermeneutical approach. The conclusion of this research is that the six dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile Values have appeared in 12 fiction story text titles in the Indonesian Language Student Book for Class 4 SD Merdeka Curriculum. The mutual cooperation dimension has the highest percentage and frequency of occurrence, while the global diversity dimension has the lowest percentage and frequency of occurrence. Thus, these fictional stories are suitable to be used as a medium to instill Pancasila Student Profile Values, especially for elementary school students.