Comprehensive Dimensions Research Articles

Indicators of the clinical utility of genetic or genomic testing: a scoping review

Abstract Background Genetic or genomic tests are the cornerstones of personalized prevention. Previous reviews primarily focused on theoretical frameworks rather than actual assessments and assessed dimensions rather than specific indicators within these dimensions. Our scoping review aimed to review the dimensions and the specific indicators measured in the published assessment reports of genetic or genomic tests. Methods We selected formal assessments of genetic and genomic test used for prevention through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, websites of 20 different organizations, Google, and Google Scholar. Also, through a separate analysis we identified ten comprehensive dimensions of clinical utility through an analysis of 30 theoretical frameworks for genetic and genomic tests. From the included assessments, we extracted all the indicators, clustering them based on the comprehensive dimensions. Results From 3054 unique references and 12000 grey literature search results, we collected 57 assessments, all from high income-countries (in Europe (53%) and North America (47%)). The assessment methods were HTA (42%), EGAPP (25%), ACCE (21%) and other (12%). 951 disease-specific indicators were extracted from the assessments. Analytic validity (60%), clinical validity (79%) clinical efficacy (79%), economic impact (58%) were the most common dimensions (had at least one indicator). However, only 12 assessments (21%) include indicators that compared health outcomes between tested and untested groups. Equity, acceptability, legitimacy, and personal value were evaluated in less than 15% of the documents. Conclusions Our study illustrate that, although dimensions such as equity and acceptability, are significantly emphasized in traditional evaluation frameworks, these are often not considered in the assessments. Additionally, our study has underscored a significant dearth of primary evidence concerning the clinical efficacy of these technologies. Key messages • Our study highlights the prevalence of evaluations lacking indicators for equity, acceptability, and legitimacy dimensions and a lack of direct evidence of clinical efficacy. • The catalog of indicators was openly provided as a resource for researchers and institutions working in evidence-based evaluations of personalized preventive healthcare.

Effects of Task Complexity and L2 Proficiency on Functional Adequacy in L2 Writing

ABSTRACTThis study examined how task complexity and second language (L2) proficiency impact functional adequacy (FA) among Chinese university English learners. Eighty‐nine Chinese undergraduate students from two first‐year and two third‐year classes participated in the study. Each participant completed two timed argumentative writing tasks with varying degrees of task complexity manipulated by altering the number of argument elements and reasoning demands, drawing upon the cognition hypothesis. The task‐complexity manipulations were validated by post‐task questionnaires and expert judgments. Learners’ productions were assessed by two experts using the FA rating scale. Results showed as task complexity increased, there was a significant decrease in scores across all four dimensions of FA. Additionally, a positive effect of L2 proficiency was observed on scores in two dimensions of FA, that is, comprehensibility and coherence and cohesion. However, this was not the case for content and task requirements. Importantly, the analysis revealed a significant interaction effect between task complexity and L2 proficiency, indicating that the impact of task complexity on FA varied depending on the learners’ proficiency levels. Specifically, higher proficiency learners demonstrated greater adaptability to complex tasks compared to their lower proficiency counterparts. These findings highlight the significance of manipulating task complexity and considering learners’ L2 proficiency in teaching L2 writing to enhance learners’ FA performance.

The Development of a Comprehensive Dimensions Scale for Assessing Clinical Teachers' Occupational Well-Being.

In Taiwanese clinical and healthcare environments, there is a dearth of appropriate and effective tools to evaluate clinical teachers' occupational well-being. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a culturally adapted scale, a Taiwanese version of the Clinical Teachers' Occupational Well-Being Dimensions Scale (CTOWDS), to accurately measure the occupational well-being of clinical teachers in Taiwan. Following a comprehensive literature review and expert panel discussions, the study developed the CTOWDS and conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 346 participants using SPSS to identify its underlying dimensional structure and psychometric properties. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then performed with 255 participants using AMOS to validate the EFA results. The study also assessed internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validities, and goodness-of-fit indexes to ensure that the scale was valid and reliable in the Taiwanese cultural setting. The EFA refined the scale from 51 to 29 items across five dimensions: personal qualities (11 items), academic research and career development pressure (6 items), teaching experience (4 items), learning experience (4 items), and teaching and communication pressure (4 items). These five dimensions explained 65.279% of the total variance. The CFA confirmed the five dimensions and 29 items, with good convergent and discriminant validities, goodness-of-fit indexes, and Cronbach's alpha values exceeding 0.70. The findings affirm the utility of the developed CTOWDS as a reliable and culturally relevant instrument for assessing the occupational well-being of clinical teachers.

Research on Teaching Reform of Architectural Construction Course Based on Curriculum Ideology and Politics for Architecture Major

Ideological and political education in higher education curriculum is based on the essential requirement of "educating people", and integrates such ideological and political elements as moral education, intellectual education, aesthetic education and values education into professional curriculum teaching, so as to comprehensively improve students' professional and political literacy. There are rich ideological and political education resources in the courses of architecture specialty. As an important professional basic course, the teaching effect of Architectural Construction Course affects the overall training level of the specialty. Therefore, based on the ideological and political education of the curriculum, this paper explores the innovative strategies and implementation paths of the teaching reform of Architectural Construction Course, which plays an important role in improving the comprehensive dimension of the teaching of architectural courses and building a teaching system with the core of educating, imparting, solving doubts and leading.

Predictors of Multiple-Document Comprehension Among Third-Grade Children With Reading Difficulties and Disabilities

Facility with learning from multiple text documents is critical for college and career readiness. However, children with reading difficulties and disabilities have been largely excluded from research on multiple document comprehension. Accordingly, little is known about how children with reading difficulties and disabilities perform on multiple-document tasks, the factors that predict their performance, and how best to foster their development of this skill. To begin to fill these gaps, we examined concurrent predictors of one dimension of multiple-document comprehension, intertextual integration (ie, the ability to integrate information presented across two or more text documents), among third-grade children with reading difficulties and disabilities ( N = 70). Correlational analyses revealed that children's intertextual integration performance was significantly and positively associated with single-document comprehension (SDC) but not with word-level reading (WLR) or passage-reading fluency (PRF). Multiple-regression analyses indicated that SDC significantly predicted intertextual integration but that WLR and PRF did not.

Student Engagement with Teacher Written Corrective Feedback among Chinese Private College Students of Varying Language Proficiencies

While the efficacy of teacher written corrective feedback (WCF) has been extensively explored, a research gap exists in examining the disparities in how low-proficiency (LP) and high-proficiency (HP) students receive such feedback in second language (L2) writing. Through an analysis of five writing tasks distributed over a 16-week course, this research explored the affective, behavioral, and cognitive dimensions of student engagement with WCF. Six Chinese EFL sophomores, three designated as LP and three as HP students, were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection methods included analysis of students’ L2 writing tasks and stimulated recall sessions. The findings illustrate varying engagement patterns, highlighting LP students’ frustrations and HP students’ reflective and constructive interactions with feedback. These patterns are interpreted through the lens of sociocultural, social cognitive, student engagement, and complex dynamic systems theories, offering a multifaceted framework for understanding the influence of WCF on L2 writing proficiency. These findings also contribute to language learning pedagogy by highlighting the importance of tailored feedback strategies that address the comprehensive dimensions of student engagement to enhance the pedagogical effectiveness of WCF in fostering language proficiency and engagement in EFL settings.

Recognizing Patterns of Nature Contact Associated with Well-Being: An Exploratory Cluster Analysis.

Statement of Problem: Progressive urbanization has reduced human interactions with nature, raising concerns about its impact on mental well-being. Previous research has often focused on specific aspects of nature contact, neglecting its multifaceted dimensions and their effects on mental health, particularly in developing countries. Research Gap: There is a scarcity of studies exploring the comprehensive dimensions of nature contact, such as frequency, duration, intensity, and space naturalness, and their correlation with mental well-being in developing countries' urban settings. Purpose: This study aims to identify patterns of nature contact related to mental well-being in metropolitan areas of Brazil using exploratory cluster analysis, bridging the existing knowledge gap and informing targeted interventions to enhance mental health through nature contact. Method: An online survey collected data from 2136 participants in Brazil's metropolitan areas, focusing on their nature interaction patterns and mental health status using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), hierarchical clustering with p-values via multiscale bootstrap resampling, and analysis of variance. Results and Conclusions: Three distinct groups were identified, showing varied patterns of nature contact and demographic profiles. Greater and more frequent nature contact was associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. These findings suggest a beneficial relationship between nature contact and mental well-being. Practical Implications: The results underline the importance of urban planning and public health policies that facilitate access to natural spaces, highlighting socioeconomic factors as significant barriers to this access. Future Directions: Further research should explore causal relationships and consider the specific realities and challenges faced by residents of developing nations.

A critical narrative questioning the assessment of physical literacy: foster authentic human flourishing across the life course.

The study provides a summary, reflection, and clarification on the existing literature amid the recent rise in physical literacy assessment through a critical narrative that will contribute to future developments. In this review, the author addressed the significance of acknowledging the ultimate goal of assessing physical literacy throughout the life course is to foster authentic human flourishing. The study questioned the assessment practice in detail by discussing whether it is to translate and validate or to establish locally and to quantify or to specify qualitatively. The current tendency of a comprehensive dimension but not an inclusive journey was found. Subject to limitation, the merits of this study still stand and, moreover, further point to valuable areas for further inquiry that may refine and foster physical literacy and authentic human flourishing across the life course. And based on the arguments, future direction and recommendations when conducting assessment were discussed.

From isolation to revival: trade recovery amid global health crises

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of designing effective trade recovery measures in response to global health events (GHEs). This study combines international trade risk management theory and multi-case comparative analysis of past GHEs to present a theoretical framework for designing national trade recovery measures for future events.ResultsThe research finds that during GHEs, trade risks shift to fundamental uncertainty, requiring spatial–temporal-subject dimension recovery measures. The study suggests changing the focus of trade recovery policy design from emergency-oriented and single-dimension measures to reserve-oriented and enduring-effect measures of comprehensive dimensions at micro- and macroeconomic levels.ConclusionThe study contributes to the debate on managing trade risks in times of crisis, where there is a need to develop effective trade recovery measures that account for the complexities of global trade and the unique challenges of GHEs. The findings provide practical guidance for trade officials and policymakers to design measures in response to GHEs to improve a country’s overall trade recovery.

Examining Difficulties of Students with Hearing Impairments in Reading Comprehension According to Teacher Opinions

The aim of this study is to examine the problems faced by hearing impaired students in their reading comprehension skills based on teachers’ opinions. In this study, which was carried out with the qualitative research method, the data were obtained from semi-structured interviews. The participants were 10 classroom teachers working at Ankara Kemal Yurtbilir Hearing Impaired Primary School, and the data were analyzed using the inductive method. A total of 7 themes were determined from the findings. According to the research findings, reading comprehension skill is considered as an extremely important skill by all participants in the participation of students in educational process, academic success and participation in social life. Teachers stated that hearing impaired students do not have sufficient vocabulary, and they are insufficient in their suffix knowledge and usage. In addition, the participants stated that hearing impaired students experienced problems especially in the comprehension dimension of reading. All the teachers interviewed stated that the training program used was not prepared for students with hearing impairment, and that they needed a separate curriculum fort the hearing impaired. Training well-equipped personnel and providing educational materials are among the other notable expectations and suggestions.

Improvement Of Reading Comprehension Skills Through the Exelearning.Net Interactive Model in Upper Basic Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the interactive model known as "Exelearning.net" on improving reading comprehension skills among students of Basic Superior in Santa Elena, Ecuador. An experimental study with a quantitative approach was conducted, involving a sample of 70 students divided into two groups of 35. Pre and post-tests were administered to assess reading comprehension. Statistical analyses revealed significant improvements in the dimensions of literal, inferential, and critical comprehension, with higher scores in the experimental group than in the control group. The results showed a significance level of < 0.001, indicating that the application of the interactive model ExeLearning.net had a positive impact on strengthening students' reading comprehension skills. These findings suggest that using interactive programs can facilitate the relationship between reading and text comprehension.

Transparent AI-assisted chemical engineering process: Machine learning modeling and multi-objective optimization for integrating process data and molecular-level reaction mechanisms

Thoroughly utilizing the first principles of chemical processes, industrial big data, and artificial intelligence algorithms has been a deterministic trend in process modeling technology. However, the complexity of reaction networks triggers austere challenges to the deeper understanding of hybrid modeling techniques. Herein, this study explores a universal framework that integrates artificial intelligence algorithms and process mechanisms. The concept of “transparent AI-assisted chemical processes” is proposed. This study meticulously explains how to build a database integrating process big data and reaction network data. Based on the established machine learning framework incorporating process big data and mechanisms, multi-objective optimization algorithms are combined to achieve process optimization. The results indicate that the comprehensive dimensions of the optimized process's technical performance, economic performance, and environmental impact have energetically upgraded. Compared to the pre-optimization process, the optimized process's conversion rate and high-value product yield have increased by 4.44% and 4.25%, respectively. Moreover, the optimized process's non-renewable energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 6.23% and 12.60%, respectively.

The development of reading comprehension ability of Chinese Heritage Language (CHL) learners in Indonesia

This study investigates the evolution of reading comprehension abilities in Indonesian learners of the Chinese Heritage Language (CHL), by comparing their scores on the Chinese Proficiency Test, a test specifically designed for CHL learners. A total of 275 candidates, divided into early adolescent (Mage = 13.56), late adolescent (Mage = 15.78), and adult (Mage = 22.83) groups, were evaluated on four dimensions of reading comprehension: orthographic knowledge, vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, and discourse comprehension. A detailed cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of these four dimensions was conducted across the three groups. The results indicate that horizontally, the order of the four dimensions is orthographic knowledge > vocabulary knowledge > syntactic awareness > discourse comprehension, with significant differences observed in all dimensions. During adolescence, orthographic knowledge is significantly higher than vocabulary knowledge, while in adulthood, vocabulary knowledge is significantly higher than syntactic awareness, and syntactic awareness is significantly higher than discourse comprehension. Longitudinally, reading comprehension abilities appear to stall across adolescence in three dimensions (vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, and discourse comprehension), with a decline in one dimension (orthographic knowledge) occurring in late adolescence. However, the adult group shows improvement in all four dimensions compared to the late adolescence group. Considering both longitudinal and cross-sectional results, the developmental order of reading skills in Indonesian CHL learners is orthographic knowledge, vocabulary knowledge, syntactic awareness, and discourse comprehension. The main developmental peak for orthographic knowledge to vocabulary knowledge occurs in adolescence, while the major developmental peak for vocabulary knowledge to syntactic awareness and for syntactic awareness to discourse comprehension occurs in adulthood. The results suggest that reading comprehension improves significantly upon reaching adulthood in Indonesian. By understanding the trajectory of reading comprehension abilities in Indonesian CHL learners, this study can provide effective suggestions for Indonesian CHL learners and educators, and may also serve as a reference for other heritage languages.

Deconstructing the Dimensions of Mycobiome Fingerprints in Luohandu Cave, Guilin, Southern China.

Subterranean karst caves are windows into the terrestrial subsurface to deconstruct the dimensions of mycobiome fingerprints. However, impeded by the constraints of remote locations, the inaccessibility of specimens and technical limitations, the mycobiome of subterranean karst caves has remained largely unknown. Weathered rock and sediment samples were collected from Luohandu cave (Guilin, Southern China) and subjected to Illumina Hiseq sequencing of ITS1 genes. A total of 267 known genera and 90 known orders in 15 phyla were revealed in the mycobiomes. Ascomycota dominated all samples, followed by Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. The sediments possessed the relatively highest alpha diversity and were significantly different from weathered rocks according to the diversity indices and richness metrics. Fifteen families and eight genera with significant differences were detected in the sediment samples. The Ca/Mg ratio appeared to significantly affect the structure of the mycobiome communities. Ascomycota appeared to exert a controlling influence on the mycobiome co-occurrence network of the sediments, while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were found to be the main phyla in the mycobiome co-occurrence network of weathered rocks. Our results provide a more comprehensive dimension to the mycobiome fingerprints of Luohandu cave and a new window into the mycobiome communities and the ecology of subterranean karst cave ecosystems.

Investigating the Effect of the Media Literacy Family Education Program on the Media Literacy Levels of 48-60-Month-Old Children and Their Mothers

The research aimed to examine the effect of the media literacy family education program on the media literacy levels of 48-60-month-old children and their mothers. The research was conducted as distance education with 48-60-month-old children and their mothers attending independent kindergartens affiliated with the Çankırı Provincial Directorate of National Education during the 2019-2020 academic period. In this context, 18 mothers and children formed the experimental group and 22 mothers and children formed the control group. The quantitative part of the study, which was carried out with a convergent parallel mixed method model, consisted of a 2 x 3 mixed plot semi-experimental design with experimental and control groups consisting of pretest- post-test-permanence-test, and the qualitative part consisted of interviews with mothers after the program. In the study, the “General information form”, “Media literacy scale parent form”, “Media literacy scale child form” and “Semi-structured interview form” developed by the researchers were used as data collection tools, and the “Media literacy family education program” was prepared within the scope of the study. As a result of the research, a significant difference was found in the post-test scores of mothers and children in the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. No significant difference was found in the comprehension dimension in the post-test-permanence-test scores of the mothers in the experimental group. In the interview held after the program, the mothers stated that there was a change in themselves and their children after the program, and that they found the training program effective. Based on the results obtained from the research, it can be recommended that parents act consciously about media and implement a media literacy family education program.

Understanding Auditory Space in Digital Games for Visually Impaired People

The article seeks to establish a foundational framework for comprehending crucial definitions and concepts related to auditory space in digital gaming, particularly focusing on audio games designed for visually impaired individuals (VI), often devoid of graphical interfaces. While existing studies often emphasize players’ interactions with interfaces and the acquisition of real-life skills, this text explores audio games through the lens of entertainment and immersion. Numerous studies indicate a demand among visually impaired players for more intricate and challenging games, incorporating elements usually used in standard digital gaming experiences. By combining definitions from both audio and traditional digital games, this article broadens the scope of sound design considerations, encompassing various aspects and classifications. It presents several auditory dimensions, consolidating them into a comprehensive dimension called attenuation, putting their roles within a game’s context. The author is a sound designer currently working on an audio game; therefore, many of the presented definitions are also a guide that will represent some of his own considerations while working on this game. These include not only the use of binaural or ambisonic sound but also understanding the ways and means of how to work with (3D) space in the context of audio and its possible functions.

Integration of ESG Factors in Portfolio Management: International Trends and Practices

The promotion of the concept of sustainable development has made ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) investing a significant trend in today's investment landscape. This article elaborates on the relevant concepts of ESG investing, analyzes the global development of ESG investing, explores the relationship between ESG ratings and company financial and non-financial performance, and suggests the correlation between rating systems and capital costs, employee satisfaction, and more. Based on this foundation, the article discusses the specific application of ESG factors in international portfolio management, including ESG integration methods, portfolio construction strategies, and risk management. Research indicates that the consideration of ESG factors provides a more comprehensive dimension for investment decision-making, emphasizing sustainability in investment portfolios, and offering valuable insights for investors and businesses.

Expression profiles and functional analysis of tRNA-derived small RNAs in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with heart failure

Background Heart failure is considered an epidemic disease in the modern world. Since it presents as a multifactorial, systemic disease, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism is essential. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is increasingly recognized to be metabolically active and is able to secrete myriad bioactive molecules, including exosomes carrying tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs). Mounting evidence has suggested that these specific tsRNAs dynamically impact fundamental cellular processes, but no studies have focused on the influence of tsRNA in EAT on cardiac dysfunction. Methods To investigate the regulatory mechanism of tsRNAs of EAT associated with HF, we collected EAT from HF (n = 5) patients and controls (n = 5) and used a combination of RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) and bioinformatics to screen the expression profiles of tsRNAs in HF. Results We ultimately identified an expression profile of 343 tsRNAs in EAT. Of those, a total of 24 tsRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between HF and controls: 17 were upregulated and 7 were downregulated (fold change >1.5, p < 0.05). Four tsRNAs (tiRNA-Pro-TGG-001, tRF-Met-CAT-002, tRF-Tyr-GTA-010 and tRF-Tyr-GTA-011) were randomly selected and validated by qRT–PCR. Bioinformatics analyses revealed a dense interaction of target genes between tRF-Tyr-GTA-010 and tRF-Tyr-GTA-011. Based on functional analysis, these two tRFs might play a protective role by regulating sphingolipid and adrenergic signaling pathways by targeting genes mainly contributing to calcium ion transport. Conclusions Our study profiled tsRNA expression in EAT with HF and identified a comprehensive dimension of potential target genes and tsRNA-mRNA interactions.

Open Sesame! The Magical Words of the World of Meaning of Human Beings: Dialectical Harmony of the Symbolical Forms

Ernst Cassirer made an original contribution to twentieth century philosophy with his genuine series of the Philosophy of Symbolic Forms. Cassirer evaluates the various moments of culture from an integral perspective in this multi-faceted study that covers the symbolic dimension of human communication and interaction with the world. Cassirer's contribution to the philosophical agenda was reinforced by the works An Essay on Man and The Myth of the State, published posthumously. These latter works, however, go beyond mere repetition and summary of Cassirer's thought. Particularly, The Myth of the State is important to confront a problem left open by Cassirer's integral philosophy of culture; the return of myth that consolidates contemporary political thought and action. Cassirer defines culture as the progressive process of human emancipation; analyzes the elements of culture in dialectical harmony, without reducing one to the other. It is doubtful that a metaphysics of culture will eliminate existing problems, but a philosophical framework that will offer an integral view of culture is still a current need. Although Cassirer presents such a framework, it triggers a series of questions waiting to be resolved within itself. In this study, first, the aspects of Cassirer's philosophy of culture that give the opportunity to comprehend the various dimensions of the human beings’ world of meaning will be discussed in detail. Then, it will be tried to describe the depth and limit of the original cultural analysis revealed by this systematic approach to update itself in the face of a historical problem. Within the first half of the twentieth century, totalitarianism, as an experience that completely shook the world of meaning of the West, documented the violence and destruction of the culture's transformation into cult. Thus, the challenge concerning Cassirer's assumption of dialectical harmony of symbolic forms that move culture raises the need for a political horizon. Although The Myth of State has tried to present this necessary complementary horizon of interpretation, it is far from the comprehensive dimension offered by the critical philosophical interventions bolstered mainly by Cassirer’s thought.

Design of a literature-based poetry appreciation system based on perceptron model

Abstract With the continuous promotion and popularity of the digitalization of big data information, it has gradually penetrated various industries and played an increasingly important role in people’s lives. In this paper, the design of a literary poetry appreciation system is studied using a perceptron model, focusing on the construction of a literary poetry appreciation system through a generalized multi-layer perceptron model structure and the evaluation of metrics on the poetry appreciation system dataset using the GBP training algorithm and genetic training method. In the generalized multilevel perceptron model, the data indicators are classified into four categories: poetry music, poetry sound effects, poetry vocals, and other types, and the accuracy rates of the four categories of indicators are analyzed. The analysis shows that the accuracy rate of all four categories of indicators is between 92% and 97%, indicating the feasibility of the poetry appreciation system. The generalized multilevel perceptron model was used to analyze and evaluate the students from the ability perspective. It can be seen that the students’ data showed only a small and insignificant improvement in the dimensions of literacy, comprehension, and analysis, while the scores in the dimensions of reasoning, strategy, and expression improved significantly. It provides a good research perspective for perceptual machine model-assisted teaching and cultivating students’ quality from a competence perspective, which is of historical importance for developing and transmitting Chinese literature.