Dimensions Of Self-concept Research Articles

Socioeconomic status differences in agentic and communal self-concepts: Insights from 6 million people across 133 nations.

Do people of different socioeconomic status (SES) differ in how they see themselves on the Big Two self-concept dimensions of agency and communion? Existent research relevant to this theoretically and socially important question has generally been indirect: It has relied on distant proxies for agentic and communal self-concepts, narrow operationalizations of SES, comparatively small samples, and data from few nations/world regions. By contrast, the present research directly examines the associations between SES and agentic and communal self-concepts, relies on well-validated measures of agency and communion, examines three complementary measures of SES, and uses data from 6 million people (years of age: M = 26.12, SD = 11.50) across 133 nations. Overall, people of higher status saw themselves as somewhat more agentic and as slightly less (or negligibly less) communal. Crucially, those associations varied considerably across nations. We sought to explain that variation with 11 national characteristics and found only three of them to be robustly relevant: National religiosity and pathogen load curbed status differences in agentic self-concepts, and income inequality amplified status differences in communal self-concepts. Our discussion develops theory to explain the importance of national religiosity, pathogen load, and income inequality for socioeconomic status differences in agentic and communal self-concepts and it also describes the substantial societal implications of those differences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Predictors of Social Exclusion among Adolescents: The Weight of Physical Self-Concept Dimensions.

Background: Social exclusion victimization among adolescents causes significant damage and harm to development and social balance. Many of the aggressions that lead to this are based on social stigmas, particularly related to physical appearance in school settings involving physical and sports activities. This study investigates the relationship between victimization through social exclusion (both manifest and subtle forms) and physical self-concept, specifically examining ability, attractiveness, physical condition, and strength. Methods: A total of 876 adolescents (mean age = 14.91; standard deviation = 1.71 years), evenly divided between boys and girls, from secondary schools in Andalusia, Spain participated. They completed a self-report questionnaire assessing physical abilities, attractiveness, physical condition, and self-perceived strength, alongside an instrument measuring experiences of social exclusion and manifest exclusion. Results: Our findings indicate that physical ability, attractiveness, and condition are negative statistical predictors of both manifest and subtle exclusion victimization, while self-perceived strength is a statistical predictor of subtle exclusion. Manifest exclusion impacts both genders similarly, but girls are more vulnerable to subtle forms of exclusion. Regardless of gender, physical ability and attractiveness significantly predict both types of exclusion. Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of physical self-concept for wellbeing and maintaining self-concept balance. The inclusion of interventions addressing social exclusion in physical education is crucial, particularly those that work to mitigate social stigmas against adolescents who struggle in physical or sporting activities. A gender-sensitive approach should also be incorporated. The growing field of research on adolescent social exclusion, both manifest and subtle, underscores the need for further exploration of its links to physical condition, physical activity, self-perception, and societal stereotypes.

Effects of Social Exclusion on Self-Evaluation: Domain Discrepancy Based on the Big Two Model.

Prior studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of social exclusion on an individual's self-perception. Nonetheless, existing literature has predominantly focused on its impact on global self-esteem, often neglecting the nuanced effects of various reasons for social exclusion on distinct dimensions of self-evaluation, such as agency and communion. Based on the Big Two model perspective, the present research aims to examine the differential impacts of social exclusion on the distinct dimensions of self-evaluation, namely agency and communion, considering the reasons for social exclusion. It is hypothesized that social exclusion affects different facets of self-evaluation-agency and communion-depending on the context of exclusion. Study 1 identified negative correlations between perceived social exclusion and self-evaluation measures through questionnaires, including global self-esteem and the self-concepts of agency and communion, within a sample of 483 participants (283 females). Studies 2a (n = 93; 75 females) and 2b (n = 91; 66 females), which employed a recall paradigm to manipulate social exclusion in the domains of communion and agency, respectively, revealed that communion exclusion diminished communal self-evaluation, and agency exclusion significantly reduced both agentic and communal self-evaluation. These findings highlight the necessity of distinguishing various types of social exclusion and their distinct effects on the dimensions of self-concept. The research has important implications for the development of interventions aimed at enhancing individual psychological well-being and promoting inclusive social environments.

Associations of physical activity and physical education enjoyment with self-concept domains among Hungarian adolescents

BackgroundSport enjoyment is one of the most important factors in physical activity (PA) and physical education (PE) domains. It is not only beneficial for regular participation but also has a positive effect on mental health. Due to these benefits, this study aims to understand the relationships between PA, two forms of enjoyment, and the dimension of self-concept.MethodsThe sample consisted of 315 students (Mage=12.63). The Self-Description Questionnaire-I was used to measure the domains of self-concept. Enjoyment was measured with two scales. The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale reflects extracurricular PA enjoyment, and the Factors Influencing Enjoyment of Physical Education Questionnaire reflects school PE enjoyment. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess vigorous, moderate, and walking types of extracurricular PA enjoyment.ResultsHierarchical multivariate regression analysis revealed that vigorous PA predicted physical ability (β = 0.19) and physical appearance (β = 0.15). PA enjoyment was a significant predictor of general self-concept (β = 0.29), physical ability (β = 0.28), physical appearance (β = 0.16), peer relation (β = 0.16), and parental relations (β = 0.14). PE enjoyment significantly predicted general school (β = 0.17), physical ability (β = 0.27), peer relations (β = 0.21) and parental relations (β = 0.22). Furthermore, boys scored at a higher level on most of self-concept domains.ConclusionsThe present study suggested that enjoyment plays a more important role in self-concept than PA. PE enjoyment mainly strengthens boys’ self-concept, but PA enjoyment is an important predictor of general self-concept in both genders. It is concluded that extracurricular PA enjoyment is beneficial, but increasing enjoyment of physical education could increase girls’ self-concepts as well.

The Impact of Non-Physical Bullying on Adolescents' Self-Concept: An Observational Study in the Adolescent Community in Sausapor, Tambrauw Regency, West Papua, Indonesia

Introduction: Non-physical bullying, often subtle and insidious, poses a significant threat to adolescents' self-concept during a critical developmental period. This study investigates the prevalence and impact of non-physical bullying on adolescents' self-concept within the unique cultural context of Sausapor, Tambrauw Regency, West Papua, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among adolescents aged 12-17 years in Sausapor. Data were collected using validated questionnaires assessing non-physical bullying experiences and self-concept dimensions (self-esteem, self-efficacy, and body image). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and regression analyses were employed to examine the relationship between non-physical bullying and self-concept. Results: The study revealed a significant prevalence of non-physical bullying in the Sausapor adolescent community, with verbal abuse and social exclusion being the most common forms. Non-physical bullying was significantly associated with lower self-esteem, reduced self-efficacy, and negative body image among adolescents. Regression analyses confirmed the detrimental impact of non-physical bullying on self-concept, even after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Conclusion: Non-physical bullying is a pervasive issue in Sausapor, with profound negative consequences for adolescents’ self-concept. Culturally sensitive interventions are urgently needed to prevent and address non-physical bullying, promote positive self-concept development, and foster a supportive environment for adolescents in this community.

How Do They See Themselves? The Self-Concept of Students with Intellectual or Behavioural Disabilities in Special Education

ABSTRACT Research into the self-concept of students with an intellectual disability (ID) or social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD) educated in special education is relatively scarce. This, whilst many students with ID or students with SEBD still reside in special rather than inclusive school settings. This study aimed to gain insight into the self-concept of students with either ID or SEBD in special education and examined variables that might relate to the self-concept of these students. A total of 171 students educated in special schools filled out the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC). T-tests utilising bootstrapping and variance analyses were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that girls with ID and boys with SEBD assess their self-concept more negatively than typically developing students. Gender, age and formally assessed classifications of ASD or ADHD yielded different self-concept scores in both groups of students on different dimensions of self-concept. The expected positive illusory bias was not found in this study. The results of the study are discussed in light of the educational setting of the students with ID or students with SEBD. This study demonstrates that interventions are needed to improve the self-concept of students with ID or students with SEBD in special education.

Self-Concept Dimension and Locus of Control Dimension on Employee Performance

This research aims to analyze the influence of the self-concept dimension and the locus of control dimension on the performance of Maluku Province Regional Revenue Agency employees. This research uses a descriptive-quantitative approach with a correlational cause-effect type. The population used in this research was all 160 employees of the Maluku Province Bapenda. Determining the sample size uses Issac and Michael's sample table, where if the population is 160 people, then at the 95% confidence level, the sample is 110 people, which is determined using simple random sampling. Data analysis is multiple linear regression. The results of the research conclude that (1) Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Maluku Province Bapenda employees, (2) Self-esteem has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Maluku Province Bapenda employees, (3) Self-leadership has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Provincial Bapenda employees Maluku, (4) Internal Locus of Control has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Maluku Province Bapenda employees and (5) External Locus of Control has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Maluku Province Bapenda employees.

Validity and Reliability of Self-Concept Instrument Using Rasch Model

The development of instruments designed to assess student self-concept is crucial. This understanding of self-concept is based on the premise that it is a dynamic and ever-evolving construct. The concept of self-concept is initially conceived as a unidimensional structure but subsequently evolves into a multidimensional construct. The present study assesses the validity and reliability of the newly developed self-concept instrument. In Indonesia, there is a paucity of research that employs the Rasch Model to examine self-concept instruments, particularly in the context of the junior high school population. The objective of this study was to analyze the self-concept instrument using the Rasch Model with a sample of 113 students at the junior high school level. The research methodology employed is quantitative, with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling. The findings of the study indicate that the instrument effectively assesses the intended dimensions of self-concept. The reliability of the self-concept instrument is deemed to be of a high category, while the reliability of the self-concept item is considered to be of an excellent standard.

Breast cancer and sexual self-concept: Comparing women with breast cancer and healthy women

This study aimed to assess and compare the dimensions of sexual self-concept (SSC) in women with (n=80) and without (n=120) breast cancer (BC). Women with BC and healthy cases in the control group were selected from the same center. The recruiting women referred for screening, and no BC was detected based on the results. The participants completed the demographic and Persian versions of the modified Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaires. Chi-square, t test, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Women with BC reported significantly higher scores in negative dimensions of SSC, particularly in sexual anxiety and fear of sex (P<0.05). In the dimension of positive self-concept, only the assertiveness score (P=0.008) was different between the two groups. In contrast, the overall score of positive self-concept did not demonstrate a significant difference between the groups. SSC in women with BC seems impaired compared with healthy women.

Towards an explanatory model of the enjoyment of physical activity based on physical self-concept

ABSTRACT Due to the sedentary lifestyle prevalent between young, it is crucial to implement strategies that promote an increase in physical activity hours. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine the relationships between the following variables: physical self-concept, enjoyment of physical activity, physical fitness levels, fitness tests and BMI among adolescents. A total of 1020 adolescents aged 12–19 years old participated in the study. The EUROFIT battery test was administered to assess physical fitness, and questionnaires were used to measure physical self-concept and enjoyment of physical activity. The results indicate that enjoyment of physical activity is related with maximal aerobic capacity (p < 0.01) and self-concept (p < 0.01), specifically in the dimensions of Physical Self-Concept (PSC), Ability and Condition, for males, and PSC Ability for females. Our results also show that enjoyment PA was related with Course Navette, PSC Ablity and with PSC Condition for male (p < 0.01) while for female, Enjoyment PA was related with Course Navette and with PSC Ability (p < 0.001). Multiple factors contribute to the enjoyment of physical activity, and these factors vary among genders. It is crucial to consider these differences when developing physical activity programmes for adolescents in school and community settings.

Robot Assisted Bariatric Surgery in a Superobese Patient

Objective: to determine the effects of a music therapy program on the psychological well-being of women victims of violence in El Milagro populated center of Trujillo. Materials and methods: this research had a pre-experimental design, for this we worked with a sample of 21 women victims of violence belonging of the El Milagro populated of Trujillo. The information was collected through the Carol Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Music Therapy Program. Results: The findings of this study indicate that the music therapy program significantly impacted the psychological well-being of women victims of violence. Additionally, statistically significant differences were found between the pre and post-test, of the Self-concept dimension. Conclusions: The music therapy program has a positive and significant impact on the psychological well-being of women victims of violence in the El Milagro populated center of Trujillo.

Music Therapy Program for the Psychological Well-Being of Women Victims of Violence

Objective: to determine the effects of a music therapy program on the psychological well-being of women victims of violence in El Milagro populated center of Trujillo. Materials and methods: this research had a pre-experimental design, for this we worked with a sample of 21 women victims of violence belonging of the El Milagro populated of Trujillo. The information was collected through the Carol Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Music Therapy Program. Results: The findings of this study indicate that the music therapy program significantly impacted the psychological well-being of women victims of violence. Additionally, statistically significant differences were found between the pre and post-test, of the Self-concept dimension. Conclusions: The music therapy program has a positive and significant impact on the psychological well-being of women victims of violence in the El Milagro populated center of Trujillo.

Seeing myself through the eyes of my peers: Explaining the self-concept of students with and without special educational needs through acceptance and friendship.

Paving the way towards inclusive education, it is essential to aim for positive social outcomes for all students, including cultivating a positive self-concept and fostering acceptance and friendships with peers. Although self-concept, acceptance and friendships are interrelated, research focussing on the relationship between these constructs remains limited. This study examined the self-concept, acceptance and friendships of two groups of typically developing students in secondary education (n = 401) and two groups of students in special secondary education with either an intellectual disability (ID) (n = 58) or social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD) (n = 68). Lower self-concept scores were found for students with ID on some dimensions, whereas typically developing students reported lower acceptance and friendship scores. Multilevel analyses indicated that acceptance is a predictor for several different dimensions of self-concept in the different groups of students, but friendship is less likely to predict self-concept scores. The results of the study emphasize the importance of promoting peer acceptance amongst all students in inclusive school settings in order to realize the intended positive social outcomes of inclusive education.

Me, myself, and I: A systematic review of cystic fibrosis and self-concept.

Given extensive pertinent disease factors and evolving medical treatments, this systematic review explores qualitative and quantitative cystic fibrosis (CF) research surrounding self-concept, an overarching perception of self. Research methodologies, self-concept dimensions, prominent self-concept findings and clinical recommendations are identified. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines were applied. PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Psycinfo, CINAHL (ebsco), and CENTRAL Cochrane electronic databases were searched from 2012 to 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal skills program. Data-based convergent synthesis was applied to analyze and report on qualitative and quantitative studies in parallel. Thirty-seven publications met the inclusion criteria, most of which employed a cross-sectional, single-center design within an adolescent and adult population. Self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-identity studies were dimensions of self-concept identified, with studies relating to self-efficacy surrounding physical health management most prevalent. All three dimensions were positively associated with improved treatment adherence and psychosocial health. Efficacy tested intervention programs to enhance self-concept are limited; however, an extensive range of clinical recommendations are offered, highlighting the importance of clinician self-concept awareness, quality clinician-patient conversations and online CF peer-support. Self-concept is an important mechanism to optimize patient outcomes. Further CF self-concept research is required, particularly multicenter, longitudinal, and interventional studies. Early childhood, post lung transplant and the older adult CF population in particular, lack research attention. Given the potential impact of rapidly evolving CF transmembrane conductance regulator modulator drugs on many aspects of self, future self-concept research beyond the dimension of self-efficacy may be beneficial.

Dimensions of Self-Concept in Adolescents: An In-depth Analysis Among Junior High School Students

This research explores the intricate nature of self-concept, a pivotal element in human behavior and identity formation, encompassing beliefs, thoughts, and perceptions shaping individuals' understanding of themselves and their environment across physical, psychological, and social dimensions, influencing behavior and self-esteem. Focusing on junior high school students aged 13-18 in Bangka Belitung, the study employs a quantitative descriptive approach with 126 participants, employing Rahmat's theory (2013) to gauge self-concept facets. Outcomes reveal that 34% of students perceive their self-concept as moderate, while 4% hold positive views and 32% exhibit above-average self-concepts. Notably, gender-based disparities accentuate the need for tailored interventions. Identification of areas needing improvement via validity testing led to proposed classical guidance topics aimed at augmenting self-concept, including body care, confidence-building, and social interaction. Implications stress the significance of customized interventions, gender-aware strategies, and nurturing positive self-concept for comprehensive student growth, in alignment with educational experts' viewpoints, advocating self-awareness, constructive perspectives, and individualized assistance. These insights advocate holistic approaches to empower students on their path to self-acceptance, personal development, and holistic growth, echoing broader educational objectives and policies, reaffirming the pivotal role of classical guidance in molding students' self-concept.

Konsep Diri Virtual dalam Komunikasi Hiperpersonal Pengguna Dating App Tinder untuk Mencari Pasangan di Yogyakarta

Tinder is one of the most popular dating applications in Indonesia which is often used to find a partner because of the large number of users. However, there are several other motives for using Tinder by its users. This study aims to determine how the virtual self-concept is formed by users of the Tinder Application in finding a partner. The type of research carried out by the researcher is qualitative with interviews and observations in previous studies. This study was analyzed using the self-concept theory by William H. Fitts to examine the dimensions of the virtual self-concept by Tinder users. The results of the research obtained are that the virtual self-concept presented by male and female users is that they feel they do not want to overestimating themselves, but also not too low as self-esteem. Second, users provide a self-concept that seems friendly and open in order to get to know each other more closely with other people.

Autoconcepto y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la Facultad Ciencias de la Salud

The main purpose of this research was to assess the self-concept and the results of the academic performance of the students of one of the six educational programs of the Faculty. The two categories were compared in order to know their characteristics and to check if there were relationships between the different dimensions of self-concept and the academic results achieved by the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education and Sports, which was the first educational program to be studied. Theoretical level methods such as the historical-logical were used to determine the trajectories of the students within the educational program and the Faculty. Scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis were applied, which were used to evaluate the different categories or dimensions of self-concept and to establish their similarities and differences. The inductive-deductive method was used to conform several parts of the final research report and at the empirical level, the document analysis method was used to consult texts and documents. The survey technique was used to obtain the research data. We worked with the SPSS system for the statistics process. The results of the work favor the design and development of didactic strategies that link the results of the self-concept of each group with the ability to study in order to improve the students' grades in the subjects they will have to take in subsequent semesters. The contribution of research is strong because it allows for the improvement of the educational work carried out by teachers.

Effects of pole dance on mental wellbeing and the sexual self-concept—a pilot randomized-controlled trial

BackgroundPrior studies on beneficial effects of dance have primarily focused on traditional and expressionistic dance forms, neglecting newer dance styles like pole dance, which employ distinct techniques. The present pilot randomized controlled trial examined psychological and psychosexual effects of pole dancing.MethodsFifty women were randomized to an eight-weeks pole dancing program or waitlist. The primary outcome was global mental wellbeing. Secondary outcomes included several dimensions of the sexual self-concept, as well as body appreciation and global self-esteem.ResultsCompared to waitlist, the pole dance group showed an increase in mental wellbeing and improvements in sexual self-efficacy, sexual anxiety, sexual self-esteem, and body appreciation.ConclusionsPole dancing may have broad psychological effects on both overall mental wellbeing and important domains of the sexual self-concept.

The Effect of Couple-centered Counseling on Sexual Self-concept and Sexual Violence in Pregnant Women

Introduction: Sexual violence during pregnancy causes adverse physical and psychological consequences for pregnant women and their fetuses. Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of couple-centered counseling on sexual self-concept and violence among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial with two groups (26 women in each group) was conducted on pregnant women exposed to sexual violence who lived in Hamadan City in the west of Iran. The mothers exposed to sexual violence were randomly assigned to two groups. Data were collected using the sexual violence and the sexual self-concept questionnaires. For the experimental group, 6 one-hour couple counseling sessions were held. After the end of the sessions, the study questionnaires were completed again by two groups. Data analysis was done using the chi-square, Fisher exact, independent t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance tests. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05. Results: The Mean±SD age of pregnant women in the intervention group was 28.65±5.96, and in the control group was 28.77±6.73 years; the mean age of the spouses in the intervention group was 33.62±6.05 and in the control group was 35.04±7.34 years. The results showed that the mean scores of sexual violence after the intervention were 26.10±2.04 in the intervention group and 35.08±2.04 in the control group (P=0.001, Cohens’ d=4.40). The Mean±SD scores of sexual self-concept after the intervention were 8.13±2.02 in the intervention group and 13.33±2.02 in the control group (P=0.001, Cohens’ d=2.57). Moreover, the intervention group experienced a significant decrease (P=0.001) in the dimensions of negative sexual self-concept, including anxiety, fear, monitoring, and depression (P=0.001). Conclusion: According to these results, couple-centered counseling has effectively reduced sexual violence and negative sexual self-concept by raising couples’ awareness.

Negative Impact of Parental Verbal Abuse on the Formation of Adolescent Self-Concept

Most parents do not realize that calling a child inappropriately and comparing the child with others is verbal violence and greatly affects children's self-concept, especially adolescents. The study aimed to determine the impact of parental verbal violence on adolescent self-concept in Sumber Asri Village. This study used a quantifiable approach to 60 respondents with adolescents aged 13 and 18. Research data was obtained by filling out a questionnaire using a google form. Research instruments are arranged based on three dimensions of self-concept: knowledge, expectations, and assessment. The data were analyzed using a product moment test, where the analysis results showed a weak correlation in a negative direction of -0.205. The result means a significant negative relationship exists between parental verbal abuse and adolescent self-concept. The higher the violent verbal behavior of parents, the more negative adolescents' self-concepts. The amount of influence of 4.2% of verbal abuse can contribute to adolescent self-concept. Overcoming negative self-concept in adolescents as a result of mistakes in parenting can be done by changing the parenting style from authoritarian to democratic.