Digital Registration Research Articles

РОЛЬ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ФАКТОРА ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ЦИФРОВЫХ ПРОФИЛЕЙ СТУДЕНТОВ, ПОСТРОЕННЫХ НА ОСНОВЕ БИГ ДАТА

The article is devoted to the consideration of a number of socio-cultural effects and ethical problems accompanying the process of building a digital learning environment and its integration into the traditional educational system of higher education institutions, namely the attitude of students to the digital registration of their academic and non-academic achievements and their operation, the use of their personal data and ethical problems arising from their use. The student's digital profile provides a lot of information for analysis and decision-making to improve learning effectiveness. In turn, there are a number of costs of this process: ambiguous reactions of students to the operation of data on their achievements in the educational process, raising issues of confidentiality and freedom of decision-making.

Contact point marking with the OccluSense system-an invitro study on reliability and validity.

Occlusal contacts can be stained and thereby visualised employing occlusal indicators. Qualitative and quantitative indicators are differentiated. The hybrid system OccluSense supposedly combines analogue contact marking and digital registration of contacts. The reliability and validity of its contact marking have not yet been validated. The aim of this controlled randomised in-vitro study was to examine the reliability and validity of analogue contact staining with OccluSense compared to Arti-Fol and the reference standard Gnatho-Film. An experimental apparatus was designed to simulate static occlusion. The occlusal contacts were stained 50 times with Gnatho-Film to determine the average number and location of contacts registered. For comparison, the contacts were pre-stained with Gnatho-Film and then registered with Arti-Fol or OccluSense 50 times each. Every staining was statistically evaluated and compared to Gnatho-Film alone, regarding the number and location of contacts. Based on the observed characteristic staining behaviour of OccluSense, a modified evaluation strategy was developed for its colour markings (OccluSense (mod.)). Both evaluations of OccluSense determine that the same number of contacts was registered in over 94% of all cases. Neither OccluSense nor Arti-Fol stain the exact same number of contacts as Gnatho-Film, but the modified evaluation OccluSense (mod.) did improve the results for validity. When employing the modified evaluation strategy, OccluSense staining achieves similar reliability and validity as the reference standard. Pre-colouring of occlusal contacts with Gnatho-Film and the modified evaluation strategy, might become standard for analysing occlusal contacts stained by OccluSense in the future.

Legalization of Community Organizations in Indonesia from the Perspective of Legal Protection: A Problematic Legal Choice

The research examines the legalization of community organizations in Indonesia, focusing on Law Number 17 of 2013. Using legal dogmatic research, the study finds that while legalizing community organizations provides greater legal certainty and protection, it also leads to issues like leadership dualism and internal conflicts due to differing views on legal status. Additionally, the law's digital registration system offers efficiency but causes conflicts over data validity as it lacks field verification. The findings highlight the need for fair, inclusive mechanisms to ensure equal participation in community development for all legally registered organizations.

The aspects of implementation of digital technologies under rendering of services in health care: The publications review

The article presents review summarizing contemporary National and foreign experience of implementing digital technologies under provision of services in health care. The systematic analysis of data from Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed and others electronic databases permitted to select 30 sources in Russian and English for 2016-2023. Modern digitization trends affect collaborations of companies where vectors of modernization become development of unified digital framework based on common state information system of health care; common educational platform for medical knowledge enriching by AI capabilities, through development of organizational activities and workflows based on digital technologies and services utilizing digital transformation. The deficiency of tools evaluating efficiency of reading software products and scalability of health digitization processes become problematic issues. As of today, diagnostic technologies using AI systems, technologies of lung cancer screening, examination methods of patients with post-traumatic deformations of cheekbone-orbital complex, monitoring of readings of devices with digital registration, further office consulting of various levels and application of AI in neurosurgery were described already. The article also considers issues of telemedicine consultations and development of modernized care models. The authors expect that digital ecosystem in development addressing issues of legal concept of management, financing and system of patient legal protection will do everything necessary to mitigate cyber incidents.

Assessment of the correlation between supracrestal gingival tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypes components via the digital registration method: a cross‑sectional study in a Chinese population

BackgroundSupracrestal gingival tissue dimensions (SGTDs) has been considered to be an essential element of periodontal phenotype (PP) components. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SGTDs and other PP components by digital superposition method that integrated cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with intraoral scanning.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at the Stomatology Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Participants were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data obtained from the digital scanner (TRIOS 3, 3Shape, Denmark) and CBCT images were imported into the TRIOS software (Implant Studio, 3Shape, Denmark) for computing relevant parameters. The significant level was set at 0.05.ResultsA total of 83 participants with 498 maxillary anterior teeth were finally included. The mean values of supracrestal gingival height (SGH) and the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the crest of the alveolar ridge (CEJ-ABC) on the buccal site were significantly higher than palatal SGH (SGH-p) and palatal CEJ-ABC (CEJ-ABC-p). Men exhibited taller CEJ-ABC and SGH-p than women. Additionally, tooth type was significantly associated with the SGH, SGH-p and CEJ-ABC-p. Taller SGH was associated with wider crown, smaller papilla height (PH), flatter gingival margin, thicker bone thickness (BT) and gingival thickness (GT) at CEJ, the alveolar bone crest (ABC), and 2 mm apical to the ABC. Smaller SGH-p displayed thicker BT and GT at CEJ, the ABC, and 2 and 4 mm apical to the ABC. Higher CEJ-ABC showed lower interproximal bone height, smaller PH, flatter gingival margin, thinner GT and BT at CEJ, and 2 mm apical to the ABC. Smaller CEJ-ABC-p displayed thicker BT at CEJ and 2 and 4 mm apical to the ABC. On the buccal, thicker GT was correlated with thicker BT at 2 and 4 mm below the ABC.ConclusionSGTDs exhibited a correlation with other PP components, especially crown shape, gingival margin and interdental PH. The relationship between SGTDs and gingival and bone phenotypes depended on the apico-coronal level evaluated.Trial registrationThis study was approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Stomatology Hospital of Fujian Medical University (approval no. 2023-24).

Third-trimester fetal pancreas imaging in uncomplicated pregnancies and association with pregnancy outcomes.

To examine third-trimester sonographic imaging of the fetal pancreas in uncomplicated pregnancies and its association with pregnancy outcomes. This was a prospective cohort study including 274 pregnant women. Uncomplicated pregnancies in the third trimester (28-40 weeks) were included in the study. Maternal chronic disease, pregnancy-related disorders such as hypertension, diabetes, cholestasis, smoking, and fetal abnormalities were determined as exclusion criteria. Sonographic fetal pancreatic measurement and echogenicity were evaluated in all participants. For intra-observer reliability, each participant's fetal pancreatic circumference was measured two times. The echogenicity of the pancreas was compared with the liver and ribs and classified as grade 1, 2, and 3. The pregnancy outcomes of all participants were obtained from the hospital digital registration system. The average fetal pancreatic circumference in the third trimester was 70.7 ± 0.6 mm (median, 70 [44-100.7]), with high intra-observer agreement (ICC 0.996 [0.995; 0.997]). A significant positive correlation was found between pancreatic circumference, body mass index (BMI), gestational age, and birth weight. Pancreatic measurements were significantly higher in composite adverse outcomes cases that included at least one of respiratory distress syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal pneumonia, infection, and sepsis (p < 0.001). No relationship was found between pancreatic echogenicity and perinatal outcomes. Fetal pancreas size was positively correlated with gestational age, BMI, and birth weight, and increased fetal pancreas size was associated with composite adverse neonatal outcomes.

Digital registration versus cone-beam computed tomography for evaluating implant position: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundPostoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination is considered a reliable method for clinicians to assess the positions of implants. Nevertheless, CBCT has drawbacks involving radiation exposure and high costs. Moreover, the image quality can be affected by artifacts. Recently, some literature has mentioned a digital registration method (DRM) as an alternative to CBCT for evaluating implant positions. The aim of this clinical study was to verify the accuracy of the DRM compared to CBCT scans in postoperative implant positioning.Materials and methodsA total of 36 patients who received anterior maxillary implants were included in this clinical study, involving a total of 48 implants. The study included 24 patients in the single implant group and 12 patients in the dual implant group. The postoperative three-dimensional (3D) positions of implants were obtained using both CBCT and DRM. The DRM included three main steps. Firstly, the postoperative 3D data of the dentition and intraoral scan body (ISB) was obtained through the intraoral scan (IOS). Secondly, a virtual model named registration unit which comprised an implant replica and a matching ISB was created with the help of a lab scanner and reverse engineering software. Thirdly, by superimposing the registration unit and IOS data, the postoperative position of the implant was determined. The accuracy of DRM was evaluated by calculating the Root Mean Square (RMS) values after superimposing the implant positions obtained from DRM with those from postoperative CBCT. The accuracy of DRM was compared between the single implant group and the dual implant group using independent sample t-tests. The superimposition deviations of CBCT and IOS were also evaluated.ResultsThe overall mean RMS was 0.29 ± 0.05 mm. The mean RMS was 0.30 ± 0.03 mm in the single implant group and 0.29 ± 0.06 mm in the dual implant group, with no significant difference (p = 0.27). The overall registration accuracy of the IOS and CBCT data ranged from 0.14 ± 0.05 mm to 0.21 ± 0.08 mm.ConclusionIn comparison with the 3D implant positions obtained by CBCT, the implant positions located by the DRM showed clinically acceptable deviation ranges. This method can be used in single and dual implant treatments to assess the implant positions.

Правовые основы применения цифровых технологий при регистрации прав на природные ресурсы

Currently, digital technologies and artificial intelligence are increasingly being used in our country to solve public administration issues. One of the tasks of public administration is to control registration activities in the registration of ownership and use rights to natural resources. The current registration procedure is characterized by time costs, paper turnover, corruption risks, and the possibility of falsification of documents. The purpose of this article is to analyze the registration process of registration of real rights to natural resources and formulate proposals for improving this process through the prism of digital transformation. In this study, we have determined that electronic registration is a positive phenomenon that solves many negative issues of the current registration process, simplifying it and making it more open and accessible; however it does not fully satisfy the current needs of society in the field of legal rights registration. The authors of the article substantiate the need to use digital technologies in the registration process through the use of the block chain process. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it formulates the idea of moving from "electronic registration" to "digital registration", with specific proposals for changing legislation in this area.

Правовые основы применения цифровых технологий при регистрации прав на природные ресурсы

Currently, digital technologies and artificial intelligence are increasingly being used in our country to solve public administration issues. One of the tasks of public administration is to control registration activities in the registration of ownership and use rights to natural resources. The current registration procedure is characterized by time costs, paper turnover, corruption risks, and the possibility of falsification of documents. The purpose of this article is to analyze the registration process of registration of real rights to natural resources and formulate proposals for improving this process through the prism of digital transformation. In this study, we have determined that electronic registration is a positive phenomenon that solves many negative issues of the current registration process, simplifying it and making it more open and accessible; however it does not fully satisfy the current needs of society in the field of legal rights registration. The authors of the article substantiate the need to use digital technologies in the registration process through the use of the block chain process. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it formulates the idea of moving from "electronic registration" to "digital registration", with specific proposals for changing legislation in this area.

Twenty Years of Progress and the Way Forward: Immunization Registry Information System in Korea.

The National Immunization Program in The Republic of Korea offers mandatory and free vaccinations to children under 12, regulated by the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Act. Tracking vaccination coverage is crucial for population protection and public health strategies. Since 2002, the Immunization Registry Information System (IRIS) has been used nationwide to capture vaccination data. This study reviewed documents related to IRIS's establishment and development. The Republic of Korea legally supports IRIS's construction and data collection, integrating vaccination data with the Ministry of the Interior and Safety's resident registration to minimize errors. This collaboration also facilitates cost reimbursement and digital registration, promoting wider vaccination coverage. IRIS manages expense claims once vaccination details are logged, and authorized medical institutions can access these records in real-time. Since 2015, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency has been compiling annual data on national vaccination coverage. IRIS also sends automated reminders in 12 languages, reports adverse effects, and issues vaccination certificates. However, IRIS lacks integration between vaccine and disease registries, unlike countries such as England, Denmark, and the Netherlands. Improving integration capabilities could enhance IRIS's support for public health through an integrated information system.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В БАНКОВСКОМ БИЗНЕСЕ

The paper presents an analysis of the current trends in the development of banking activities and modern practice of innovative technologies application in the banking business. It is defined that nowadays the main consumers of banking services are representatives of the millennial generation, whose behavioral characteristics and preferences should be taken into account in practice. Authors show how innovative financial technologies influence the methods and approaches in the work of national banking organizations. Modern financial innovations are considered, which are gradually being tested, implemented and offered to clients by various Russian banks. It is emphasized that digital mortgage is one of the most popular banking products and the possibility of its digital registration has a beneficial effect on the development of that area in banking. Among the potential vectors for further development, an omnichannel approach to interaction with clients is highlighted. It aims to increase the efficiency of communication policy, service speed and the best possible satisfaction of the needs of users of financial products.

User Interface Experience Analysis of PMB Online Buddhi Dharma Using System Usability Scale

In the era of advanced digital technologies, the admission process for new students (PMBs) has become a critical aspect of education. To streamline and expedite this process, educational institutions are increasingly utilizing online enrollment applications. One such application, PMB Online Buddhi Dharma, plays a crucial role in this context. However, the success of these applications is not solely determined by technical ease; user experience, particularly the User Interface (UI), plays a pivotal role in influencing user satisfaction and efficiency. This study employs the System Usability Scale (SUS) method to comprehensively analyze the UI of the PMB Online Buddhi Dharma application, providing insights into usability and user satisfaction. Drawing from previous studies utilizing SUS in similar contexts, the research aims to contribute to the development and enhancement of the application's UI. This research evaluates too the effectiveness of Buddhi Dharma University's PMB Online in meeting the digital registration needs of prospective students, emphasizing ease of use and user acceptance. Through the SUS method, the study assesses user satisfaction and ease of use, obtaining an average SUS score of 78 from 30 respondents. This score categorizes Buddhi Dharma University Online PMB as "good," indicating a commendable level of acceptance from users, predominantly prospective students. The research concludes with implications for the application's further improvement and development, emphasizing the importance of user-friendly interfaces in digital admission processes.

Follow-Up of Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis in Specialist Health Care With Remote Monitoring and Self-Monitoring Compared With Regular Face-to-Face Follow-Up Visits (the ReMonit Study): Protocol for a Randomized, Controlled Open-Label Noninferiority Trial.

Patients with chronic inflammatory joint diseases such as axial spondyloarthritis have traditionally received regular follow-up in specialist health care to maintain low disease activity. The follow-up has been organized as prescheduled face-to-face visits, which are time-consuming for both patients and health care professionals. Technology has enabled the remote monitoring of disease activity, allowing patients to self-monitor their disease and contact health care professionals when needed. Remote monitoring or self-monitoring may provide a more personalized follow-up, but there is limited research on how these follow-up strategies perform in maintaining low disease activity, patient satisfaction, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The Remote Monitoring in Axial Spondyloarthritis (ReMonit) study aimed to assess the effectiveness of digital remote monitoring and self-monitoring in maintaining low disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. The ReMonit study is a 3-armed, single-site, randomized, controlled, open-label noninferiority trial including patients with axial spondyloarthritis with low disease activity (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score <2.1) and on stable treatment with a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Participants were randomized 1:1:1 to arm A (usual care, face-to-face visits every sixth month), arm B (remote monitoring, monthly digital registration of patient-reported outcomes), or arm C (patient-initiated care, self-monitoring, no planned visits during the study period). The primary end point was disease activity measured with the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, evaluated at 6, 12, and 18 months. We aimed to include 240 patients, 80 in each arm. Secondary end points included other measures of disease activity, patient satisfaction, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The project is funded by the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority and Centre for the treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Norway. Enrollment started in September 2021 and was completed with 242 patients by June 2022. The data collection will be completed in December 2023. To our knowledge, this trial will be among the first to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of remote digital monitoring and self-monitoring of patients with axial spondyloarthritis compared with usual care. Hence, the ReMonit study will contribute important knowledge to personalized follow-up strategies for patients with axial spondyloarthritis. These results may also be relevant for other patient groups with inflammatory joint diseases. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05031767; hpps://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05031767. DERR1-10.2196/52872.

Digital Recording Computer System with the Function of Recording Measurement Data to SDHC Memory Card

Purpose of research. The main idea of the article is to develop a digital device created on domestic components and designed to record measurement information with the function of recording on a memory card and transferring it to a personal computer using a USB-interface. The article also considers the tasks to be solved.Methods. Having analyzed possible alternative variants of development of the registering computer system, the authors offer a variant of its realization on the microcontroller, in the software of which it is necessary to provide the following functions: realization of information exchange via RS-485 interface; realization of exchange via USB 2.0 interface for transfer of the accumulated registered information to the computer; realization of recording, reading and erasing of the registered information on the flash-drive; realization of the counter of its own time with uninterrupted work at the time of the registration of the information on the microcontroller.Results. This paper develops a digital device designed for digital registration with the function of recording measurement information on an SDHC memory card. The operation of the device consists in providing registration of information with saving it in the form of files on a memory card of SDHC format. Access to the registered information is made from a computer via USB 2.0 interface in the memory device mode by means of a software driver realized in the microcontroller 1986BE92T of the Milandr company. Initialization of the device is carried out with the help of a computer, through the driver implementing hardware bridge USB-UART on the standard USB 2.0.Conclusion. The obtained results satisfy the set goal and objectives. A textual description of the microcontroller firmware in C language is developed. In addition, the paper develops application software designed to obtain measurement results and send control commands to the microcontroller. The field of application of the proposed device is specialized computing systems designed for digital recording of information.

Diagnostics of inter-turn short circuits in phase stator windings of permanent magnet synchronous machines

BACKGROUND: Currently, electric buses are becoming more widespread in the segment of urban passenger transportation due to the absence of harmful emissions and low noise levels. Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) are widely used as a traction motor.&#x0D; One of the most promising methods of monitoring the technical condition of traction motors is diagnostics using monitoring tools installed on board of a vehicle. The advantages of such methods include the possibility of regular frequent condition checks (as opposed to much rarer diagnostics in stationary maintenance points) and a more rapid response to the development of identified malfunctions, which significantly reduces the cost of maintenance and repair of expensive equipment. The disadvantages include limitations associated with a shortage of layout space for the placement of diagnostic equipment, with the limited capabilities of on-board computer facilities for the transmission and storage of diagnostic information and with the complexity of computational procedures of built-in expert diagnostic systems.&#x0D; Concerning the types of operational failures of PMSMs, which are the most common and the most severe in terms of the cost of restoring operability, these are inter-turn short circuits in the stator windings, increased eccentricity of the air gap between the stator and the rotor, bearing damage, as well as damage of the mechanical gearbox coupled with the electric motor.&#x0D; AIM: Identification the diagnostic signs of inter-turn short circuits in the phase windings of a permanent magnet synchronous machine, helping to detect these malfunctions on board of route urban vehicles at an early stage.&#x0D; METHODS: A mathematical model of a permanent magnet synchronous machine with short-circuited turns of the phase winding, which makes it possible to study the behavior of the motor with a various number of short-circuited turns, has been developed.&#x0D; RESULTS: For the first time, the requirements for diagnostic features for the on-board diagnostic system of an urban electric bus, making it possible to detect inter-turn short circuits in the phase windings of traction electric motors at the early stages of the origin of a malfunction, are formulated.&#x0D; The main parameters of the process of digital registration of phase currents have been obtained, helping to do measurements and to transmit signals through the onboard information network of the electric bus.&#x0D; Using simulation modeling methods, it was found that the peak values of the linear spectrum of the total current vector are stable diagnostic signs that make it possible to detect inter-turn short circuits in the phase windings of traction motors at the early stages of the origin of the malfunction.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The practical value of the study lies in the opportunity of using the proposed methods for diagnosing the technical condition of traction electric drive units in urban passenger electric transport.

Digital Transformation of Preservation and Restoration of Ukraine's Cultural Heritage

Digital transformation of the preservation and restoration of Ukraine's cultural heritage plays a key role in the national and patriotic education of the people and in ensuring the country's territorial integrity. As a result of the war in Ukraine, a significant number of cultural sites were damaged and destroyed. Therefore, there is a need for their digital registration and further restoration through the use of digital technologies. The article aims to study the principles of digital transformation and possible improvement of the quality of the cultural level in Ukraine and to define the Ukrainian idea through the dissemination of culture, in particular, through educational activities. Given the current trends in the penetration of digital technologies into all spheres of life, their use in the cultural sphere can help boost morale and serve as a tool to combat Russia's expansive cultural rhetoric. The article focuses on the peculiarities of digital transformation, the main means of its implementation, and possible further development. The results of the study indicate the need to use digital technologies as a tool for reconstruction and a means of information protection of the most important cultural sites. The article draws attention to the public administration policy and the problems of financing cultural monuments and objects as the main means for possible further digital transformation. The findings of the study may be useful for further analytical research on the use and implementation of digital transformation of cultural heritage in Ukraine.

Comparing the former EUTR and upcoming EUDR: Some implications for private sector and authorities

The EU recently adopted the regulation on deforestation-free supply chains (EUDR) to reduce its influence on global deforestation and forest degradation. The EUDR prohibits certain forest risk commodities and products made thereof on the EU market unless they are deforestation-free and legal under the legislation of the producer countries. The EUDR will replace the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) which only covers the illegality of timber products. The EUDR concept adopts the basic approach of the EUTR, but aims to overcome weaknesses that left loopholes for non-compliant enterprises.Focusing on impacts related to enterprises in the wood sector and control authorities in the EU, we compare the specifications of both regulations, to examine whether and how weaknesses of the EUTR have been addressed by its successor regulation. It can be concluded that the EUDR closes some important loopholes that existed before, notably by introducing mandatory digital registration combined with control options for customs authorities; by increasing liability obligations for EU domestic trade; and by reducing the leeway for EU member states in the design of national legislation and enforcement. However, the EUDR creates considerable additional burdens for enterprises and control authorities through significantly expanded reporting requirements, combined with an enormous extension of the scope of application. It remains open how strongly the EUDR will affect the procurement costs of EU enterprises and subsequently their product prices – and to what extent this may trigger trade shifts in favor of less regulated countries.

Railway Bridge Geometry Assessment Supported by Cutting-Edge Reality Capture Technologies and 3D As-Designed Models

Documentation of structural visual inspections is necessary for its monitoring, maintenance, and decision about its rehabilitation, and structural strengthening. In recent times, close-range photogrammetry (CRP) based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) have greatly improved the survey phase. These technologies can be used independently or in combination to provide a 3D as-is image-based model of the railway bridge. In this study, TLS captured the side and bottom sections of the deck, while the CRP-based UAV captured the side and top sections of the deck, and the track. The combination of post-processing techniques enabled the merging of TLS and CRP models, resulting in the creation of an accurate 3D representation of the complete railway bridge deck. Additionally, a 3D as-designed model was developed based on the design plans of the bridge. The as-designed model is compared to the as-is model through a 3D digital registration. The comparison allows the detection of dimensional deviation and surface alignments. The results reveal slight deviations in the structural dimension with a global average value of 9 mm.

ONE OF THE APPROACHES TO SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF ESTABLISHING THE CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE OF PERFORMING ELECTROGRAPHIC AND HANDWRITTEN DETAILS IN THE ABSENCE OF PLACES OF THEIR MUTUAL INTERSECTION

Long-term expert practice indicates that the filling of a number of documents has a strictly regulated, often violated order. In the article, the author points out the relevance in modern technical and forensic examination of documents of solving the issue of chronological drawing of strokes of the details of the document (study of the sequence of their implementation), since most often the solution of this particular issue is the only way to establish the truth about the validity or falsification of the document. Taking into account the changes in the writing materials (the addition of new and constant improvement of existing recipes) occurring in modern production, it is necessary to constantly update existing and create new methods for solving this problem. The author pointed out significant progress in the direction of applying a technique based on the use of modern capabilities of optical microscopes and embedded systems for visualization and digital registration of a picture that is observed under a microscope, taking into account the printing process of devices with laser printing technology, in which toner is used to transfer the image to paper. powder, laser beam and static electricity. The article considers an approach to the application of the method of establishing the sequence of execution of the details of documents, one of which is made by the method of electrophotography in the absence of places of their mutual cross-section. The analysis of the results obtained in the course of expert studies is presented. The scheme algorithm of the conducted experimental studies is described and a logical chain of established facts is built. The illustrations of the results of the conducted research are given. It is indicated in the article, which continues the study of the details obtained by the electrophotographic method on different brands and models of laser devices, as well as the quantitative dependence of toner microparticles within a stroke on the depth of the relief from the writing instrument assembly. The author of the article notes that even in the presence of the instrumental base, methodically competent development of the conditions of application is required, and in general, conducting expert research requires the expert not only to have knowledge of existing research methods but also the ability to correctly evaluate the results obtained.

Accuracy assessment of implant placement with versus without a CAD/CAM surgical guide by novices versus specialists via the digital registration method: an in vitro randomized crossover study

BackgroundMany studies demonstrated that surgical guides might reduce discrepancies compared with freehand implant placement. This randomized crossover study aimed to assess the effects of approaches, practitioners’ experience and learning sequences on the accuracy of single tooth implantation via digital registration method. No similar study was found.MethodsThis in vitro randomized crossover study enrolled 60 novice students (Group S) and 10 experienced instructors (Group I). Sixty students were randomly and evenly assigned to two groups (Group SA and SB). In Group SA, 30 students first performed single molar implant on a simulation model freehand (Group SAFH), and then with a CAD/CAM surgical guide (Group SASG). In Group SB, another 30 students first performed guided (Group SBSG) and then freehand (Group SBFH). Ten instructors were also divided into Group IAFH/IASG (n = 5) and IBSG/IBFH (n = 5) following the same rules. The accuracy of implant placement was assessed by the coronal and apical distance (mm) and angular (°) deviations using the digital registration method. T tests and nonparametric tests were used to compare the results among different groups of approaches, experience and sequences.ResultsFor students, the coronal and apical distance and the angular deviations were significantly lower in surgical guide group than freehand group in total and in learning freehand first subgroup, but for learning surgical guide first subgroup the apical distance deviation showed no significant difference between two approaches. For students, the angular deviation of freehand group was significantly lower in learning surgical guide first group than learning freehand first group.For instructors, the coronal and apical distance and angular deviations showed no significant difference between two approaches and two sequences.For freehand approach, the coronal and apical distance and the angular deviations were significantly higher in student group than instructor group, while not significantly different between two groups for surgical guide approach.ConclusionsFor novices, using a surgical guide for the first implant placement may reduce the potential deviations compared with freehand surgery, and may reach a comparable accuracy with that of specialists. For simple single molar implantation, the surgical guide may not be significantly helpful for experienced specialists.