Digital Mobile Research Articles

Bridging India's Financial Divide: The Power of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are transforming India's financial sector, enhancing decision-making, risk assessment, and personalized services. They extend financial services to underserved populations through scalable solutions like digital lending and mobile banking, fostering financial inclusion and bridging urban-rural gaps. Notable progress has been made through initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), which opened over 53 crore accounts by August 2024. However, challenges such as low literacy rates, inadequate digital infrastructure, and a large informal economy persist. AI and ML address financial inclusion gaps by automating KYC processes and improving onboarding through facial recognition and identity verification. Initiatives like Aadhaar provide digital identities, enhancing access to banking. ML algorithms expand financial access by analyzing alternative data for credit scoring. Companies like Lenddo and Tala leverage ML for loans, and AI revolutionizes fraud detection by analyzing transaction data in real-time. AI integration with digital payment platforms like UPI has transformed India's financial ecosystem, processing over 15 billion transactions monthly by August 2024 (NPCI). AI-driven micro-lending platforms like Capital Float and Aye Finance address a $380 billion credit gap (BCG) by assessing creditworthiness using alternative data. AI-driven chatbots and financial products tailored to rural customers improve financial literacy and services. In agricultural finance, AI introduces lending models and enhances crop insurance through satellite data and weather patterns. Programs like PMFBY and companies like Skymet use AI for faster claims processing. AI-driven solutions in RegTech simplify compliance and improve fraud detection. Fintech collaborations and government initiatives like IndiaStack, Aadhaar, and DigiLocker promote financial inclusion. Overcoming barriers like infrastructure challenges, data privacy concerns, and AI bias is essential for leveraging AI to provide equitable financial services in India. The constructive interaction between AI and blockchain further enhances financial inclusion, creating a secure, transparent ecosystem that drives economic growth and social well-being.

Transforming library systems in Africa: advancing literacy and cultural preservation through digital innovation

Transforming library systems in Africa is essential for advancing literacy and preserving cultural heritage in an increasingly digital world. The integration of digital innovation into African libraries has the potential to revolutionize access to information, promote lifelong learning, and safeguard indigenous knowledge. This review explores the role of modern technologies, such as digital archiving, e-libraries, and mobile platforms, in enhancing literacy rates and preserving Africa's rich cultural traditions. By transitioning from traditional, print-based models to digital systems, libraries can bridge the educational gap in underserved communities, offering wider access to educational resources and promoting literacy at all levels. Additionally, digitization facilitates the preservation of local languages, oral histories, and cultural artifacts, ensuring that future generations can engage with Africa's diverse heritage. The challenges of digital transformation in African library systems, including limited infrastructure, funding, and digital literacy, are also discussed. The review emphasizes the need for strategic investments in technology, capacity building, and policy frameworks to create a sustainable digital ecosystem. By harnessing digital innovation, African libraries can evolve into dynamic centers of learning and cultural preservation, contributing to both socio-economic development and the protection of African identities. This transformation is critical to fostering a more educated, culturally aware, and globally connected African society.

How Does Digital Economy Influence Green Mobility for Sustainable Development? Moderating Effect of Policy Instruments

The role of green mobility as a low-carbon lifestyle in carbon reduction and sustainable development cannot be ignored. The digital economy effectively promotes green mobility for sustainable energy use in the broader setting of the significant data era and sustainable development. This study utilizes the panel data of 264 cities in China from 2011 to 2021 to construct a two-way fixed-effects regression model to analyze the impact of the digital economy on residents’ green mobility and the indirect impact mechanism of the two policy tools, a low-carbon transportation pilot and carbon emissions trading, from theoretical and empirical aspects. The results show that digital economic development helps promote residents’ green mobility. In addition, the implementation of low-carbon transportation pilots and carbon trading policies has strengthened the role of the digital economy in promoting green mobility. The findings remain after introducing robustness tests such as “smart city” pilots as exogenous shock policies. A heterogeneity study suggests that the effect of the digital economy on green mobility for residents is more significant in economically developed and human capital-rich areas. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the role of the digital economy in promoting sustainable urban transportation and by demonstrating the moderating effects of policy instruments, thereby offering practical insights for policymakers aiming to reduce urban pollution and enhance sustainable development.

MONITORING OF A SEVERE COVID-19 PATIENT WITH PNEUMOTHORAX COMPLICATIONS THROUGH RADIOLOGICAL AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

Introduction: Monitoring and treatment of severely ill patients with the coronavirus disease who are on mechanical ventilation due to the severity of the disease with the development of many complications remains a challenge. The increased incidence of pneumothorax in Covid-19 patients on mechanical ventilation may be due to a combination of infection-induced parenchymal injury and infl ammatory response with additional positive pressure ventilation. Materials and methods: In our study, we report a case of a severe Covid-19 patient with a pneumothorax complication through radiological and laboratory diagnostics. The performed radiogram of the lungs was taken each time in the AP projection in a semi-sitting position. A digital mobile X-ray device was used for imaging. All laboratory parameters that were monitored in the patient are performed in the panel of standard routine controls for patients with Covid-19. Results: The radiogram was better as the administration of therapy and chest drain were eff ective. Biochemical and hematological parameters are performed, which indicate a decrease in the number in blood count and biochemistry. The patient spent a total of 80 days in the hospital. Conclusion: Survival of a severe form of Covid-19 infection with the complication of pneumothorax is very rare, but still possible, as shown in our case. A chest radiograph with laboratory monitoring of the condition is of great importance in establishing the diagnosis of Covid-19 infection, and in the fi nal assessment of the patient's condition upon discharge from the hospital. Keywords: Covid-19, mechanical ventilation, pneumothorax, radiological diagnostics, laboratory diagnostics.

A control theoretic approach to evaluate and inform ecological momentary interventions.

Ecological momentary interventions (EMI) are digital mobile health interventions administered in an individual's daily life to improve mental health by tailoring intervention components to person and context. Experience sampling via ecological momentary assessments (EMA) furthermore provides dynamic contextual information on an individual's mental health state. We propose a personalized data-driven generic framework to select and evaluate EMI based on EMA. We analyze EMA/EMI time-series from 10 individuals, published in a previous study. The EMA consist of multivariate psychological Likert scales. The EMI are mental health trainings presented on a smartphone. We model EMA as linear dynamical systems (DS) and EMI as perturbations. Using concepts from network control theory, we propose and evaluate three personalized data-driven intervention delivery strategies. Moreover, we study putative change mechanisms in response to interventions. We identify promising intervention delivery strategies that outperform empirical strategies in simulation. We pinpoint interventions with a high positive impact on the network, at low energetic costs. Although mechanisms differ between individuals - demanding personalized solutions - the proposed strategies are generic and applicable to various real-world settings. Combined with knowledge from mental health experts, DS and control algorithms may provide powerful data-driven and personalized intervention delivery and evaluation strategies.

Exploring essential features for developing a human resource management mobile application: Insights from the middle east

This study aims to investigate the key features necessary for the development of a mobile application for human resource management (HRM). It addresses the shortage of empirical studies on digital HRM in the Middle East and emphasizes the increasing importance of HRM mobile applications in the region. The research utilizes qualitative research methods, including the Delphi method, in-depth interviews, literature review, historical analysis, and critical discussion.A qualitative research strategy is employed, analyzing data from 43 HR experts and mobile app development team members from international and local businesses in the UAE and the Kingdom of Bahrain. NVivo software is used for data analysis, encompassing over 120 transcriptions, notes, and academic papers. The study identifies and explores the logical and practical features required for an HRM mobile app. It uncovers challenges related to the Delphi survey experiences, such as managing heterogeneous information and ensuring compatibility with iOS and Android platforms. This research fills a gap in the literature by investigating the digital HRM landscape and HRM mobile applications in the Middle East. It provides valuable insights from HR and technology experts, contributing to the advancement of digital HRM, mobile applications, and the application of the Delphi method methodology. The study highlights implications for industries to enhance HR operations and productivity through the adoption of mobile HR applications. Theoretical contributions include new insights into the digital HRM literature, specifically regarding the identification and discussion of essential features in HRM mobile applications. Practical implications involve the benefits of transitioning from traditional HRM to digitalized HRM in the professional era, as identified through the analyzed features of the HR app. The study offers practical insights for the development and implementation of mobile HR apps. Organizations can leverage these insights to create effective mobile HR apps that enhance HR operations and employee productivity.

Exploring Digital Mobility in China’s Tourism Metaverse

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore digital mobility in the tourism metaverse through dual factors of information entropy and media functionality moderated by structural differentiation, including China’s institutional governance of information systems. The research model was constructed through influential factors to determine the digital mobility of metaverse systems using quantitative data analysis methods. Results showed that information entropy negatively influenced digital mobility. However, media functionality could be harnessed to reduce information entropy and thus enhance digital mobility in China’s tourism metaverse systems. Structural differentiation had significant moderation and mediation effects in the research model that influenced the digital mobility of Chinese tourists.

Using digital mobile games to increase the support for nature conservation

AbstractDigital games are an increasingly dominant form of digital entertainment with billions of players globally. While most of these games have a commercial focus, fields like public health and education have seen a growth of “serious games,” which aim to solve real world problems. In the context of biodiversity conservation, mobile games have been controversial, with some raising concerns around the way digital channels risk replacing the very nature they portray, therefore deepening a “nature‐deficit disorder.” We ran a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of the mobile game “Kākāpō Run” on pro‐environmental behaviors amongst a cohort of 200 participants in New Zealand. Kākāpō Run was developed by a UK conservation charity, and aims to increase the support for Kākāpō conservation, as well as to increase pro‐environmental behaviors linked to Kākāpō conservation. Study participants completed a 10‐minute questionnaire before spending 1 hour playing their assigned mobile game over seven days. This was monitored by asking participants to share screenshots of their app usage for the duration of the experiment. After this, all participants re‐took the questionnaire. We found a positive impact across some knowledge and attitudes questions, behavioral intentions linked to willingness to volunteer time and support policies aiming to remove invasive predators, as well as manage pet cats actively. However, we found no change in willingness to donate or actual donations. This research showcases both the potential of mobile games for conservation outreach and marketing, and the importance of rigorous impact evaluation. We call for conservationists engaged in designing and promoting mobile games to approach game design and evaluation in a more research‐centered way to help develop an evidence base around the intended and unintended consequences of game playing. This mainstreaming of gaming science across conservation will be critical to allow mobile games to realize their potential as a leading communication channel.

Christian Ethical Response to The Challenges of Digital Financial Borrowing in Nigeria

Digital financial borrowing is the money borrowed online through digital mobile applications, platforms or phones that are offered by financial lenders using the Internet. Due to the advancement in financial technology, banking and financial services and operations have been digitalized. The emergence of digital finance has rebranded banking and financial borrowing access and opportunities. People can now borrow money online, digitally and seamlessly. This development is applaudable because it eases traditional banking operations burdens and removes bottlenecks in borrowing and lending to finance business and personal needs. However, the attendant experiences from digital financial borrowing are worrisome and pose challenges to human well-being in developing economies, especially among Christians in Nigeria. Some of the experiences of digital financial borrowers are poor loan repayment, which may be due to high interest, breach of personal data policy and social shaming of defaulted borrowers by lending companies’ employees. The unvirtuous motives and characters of some borrowers, professionally unethical attitudes and loan recovery strategies are responsible for these challenges. This paper gives an overview of digital financial borrowing in Nigeria and discusses digital financial borrowing, which is characterized with features such as instant, automation, remote, consumer loans and short maturity. The paper argues that digital financial borrowing has assisted financial inclusion and contributed to Nigeria’s digital economy, it has however negatively impacted on borrowers’ personal, emotional, mental, marital, business, spiritual and moral well-being due to poor repayment or inability to repay, high interest, and social shaming of customers by digital loan officers. The paper concludes that Christians should act virtuously and ethically according to biblical instructions when dealing in financial borrowing, wisdom, honesty, godliness, discretion, patience and mutual respect are among Christian virtues to display in financial borrowing decisions, actions and relationships. It recommends that churches and church leaders should encourage financial education and literacy that enhance credit understanding and boost Christians’ financial wellness. It also recommends that Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria, with other financial regulatory bodies in Nigeria should regulate the operations of lending companies and enforce acceptable professional work ethics and attitudes of digital lending companies’ employees to enhance friendly relationships with customers.

Real-world mobility recovery after hip fracture: secondary analyses of digital mobility outcomes from four randomized controlled trials.

The main focus of rehabilitation following hip fracture is to regain mobility. To estimate the progression of real-world mobility the first year after hip fracture using digital mobility outcomes. An exploratory, prospective cohort study with pooled data from four previously conducted clinical trials. We combined data from the Trondheim Hip Fracture Trial and Eva-Hip Trial in Trondheim, Norway, and the PROFinD 1 and PROFinD 2 trials in Stuttgart and Heidelberg, Germany, resulting in a sample of 717 hip fracture patients aged ≥65years. Each of the trials assessed mobility using body-fixed sensors (activPAL) at three time points, collectively providing observations across the entire first year post-surgery. The following 24-h DMOs were calculated: total walking duration (minutes), maximum number of steps within a walking bout, and number of sit-to-stand-to-walk transfers. Continuous 1-year progression of the median, the 25th percentile, and the 75th percentile were estimated using quantile regression models with splines. The dataset contained 5909 observation days. The median daily total walking duration increased until 36weeks post-surgery reaching 40min; daily maximum number of steps within a walking bout increased during the first eight weeks and then stabilized at less than 100 steps; daily sit-to-stand-to-walk transfers reached a plateau after 6 weeks with less than 40 transfers. The three DMOs progressed differently and attained plateau levels at varying times during the first year after hip fracture, indicating that these Digital Mobility Outcomes provide complementary information about different aspects of mobility recovery.

Comparative Investigation of Mobile Portable Complex System Functional and Laboratory Diagnostics with Stationary Equipment

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using mobile portable complex system functional and laboratory diagnostics in patients compared to stationary equipment. The scientific study examined the results of functional and laboratory diagnostics of 123 patients who were at JSC NSMC at the time of diagnosis and treatment. The study covered a 1-year period from January 2023 to December 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: 1 group  - 63 patients, who were diagnosed using expert stationary equipment of NNMC; 2 group- 60 patients who were diagnosed using the mobile portable complex Health Examination System HES-7 (Konsung Technology; 2023). Results: Laboratory diagnostics were performed in 63 (100%) patients of the 1<sup>st</sup> group and in 60 (100%) patients of 2<sup>nd</sup> group. The compared groups had the same characteristics, for instance anaemia was detected in 4 (6.35%) patients of first group and in 5 (8.33%) patients of the second group. Mortality was not observed in the compared groups. According to all data obtained minor differences in diagnostic findings were found (1 to 6%). In addition, HES-7 demonstrated quite accurate functional analysis: electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, and spirography. Conclusion: The use of the digital mobile complex of functional and laboratory diagnostics Health Examination System HES-7 is safe and can be effectively used in primary health care settings by experienced nursing staff.

Digital transformation of banking: Assessing mobile banking adoption in Nepal

The purpose of study was to investigate the influence of perceived usefulness, perceived security, and perceived cost on behavioral intention to adopt mobile banking, which reflects the evidences from among the users of digital mobile banking services in Kathmandu, Nepal. The study fills a gap in the literature by examining the influencing factors for mobile banking adoption. This study adopted descriptive and casual correlational research design to test the hypotheses. The survey employed cross-sectional data using convenience-sampling technique, disseminated 607-structured questionnaire among the target respondents of Kathmandu municipality, Nepal, and received only 400 (65.89 percent) useful questionnaires. This study assessed the internal consistency with the value of Cronbach’s alpha where the value of Cronbach’s alpha for all constructs remained > 0.70 depicting the reliability for the analysis. Further, this study adopted descriptive statistics: frequency and percentage for the result of general information of respondents and correlation and regression analysis for testing association and impact in the study. The findings of the study showed that perceived usefulness and perceived security found positive association with behavioral intention to adopt mobile banking services, in Kathmandu, Nepal. Further, perceived cost found negative impact on behavioral intention for adoption of mobile banking services indicating inverse link between cost and mobile banking adoption. Thus, banking professionals may use this model to develop safe, practical, and easy-to-use mobile banking services to win trust of users and to boost mobile banking services. Similarly, the findings of the study extends benchmark to academics, policymakers, and others.

Why do sustainable shared mobility practices not proliferate more widely? Insights from digital mobility diaries

Sharing instead of owning consumer goods should significantly reduce their production and the associated environmental damages. However, this ecological promise has yet to be fulfilled, even in mobility, where sharing practices have become mainstream. This is because the most widespread mobility-sharing practice (free-floating carsharing) has the lowest ecological benefit. This study asks why the adoption of more ecologically beneficial shared mobility practices remains lower, addressing this question through digital ethnography. Using digital mobility diaries for three weeks, 21 respondents documented their mobility practices (including various shared mobility practices and private car travel) by uploading pictures, videos and text notes on a dedicated smartphone application. The data show that free-floating carsharing has proliferated because it can leverage the ‘system of automobility’ as its users are relatively monomodal. Other shared mobility services function well; however, we found that they have not proliferated as widely because the overall multimodal mobility mix (e.g. walking, cycling, public transport, on-demand sharing) associated with this form of shared mobility is highly demanding. Better conditions for multimodal mobility, created through appropriate infrastructure, are crucial for sustainable shared mobility practices to spread. However, space limitations mean this will likely come at the expense of car-centred infrastructure and necessitate its exnovation.

The Footprint of Digital Mobility Platforms on Urban Practices: Defining the Impact of Platformization on Urban Life in the Digital Era

The Footprint of Digital Mobility Platforms on Urban Practices: Defining the Impact of Platformization on Urban Life in the Digital Era

Google Play review analysis of digital mobile applications of Islamic microfinance institutions

Google Play review analysis of digital mobile applications of Islamic microfinance institutions

Safety, Feasibility, and Utility of Digital Mobile Six-Minute Walk Testing in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: The DynAMITE Study.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening progressive cardiopulmonary disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Changes in the six-minute walk test (6MWT) provide prognostic information and help guide treatment decisions for PAH. However, since 6MWT requires in-clinic visits, clinical interventions to address disease progression may be delayed. Wearable technologies could reduce this delay by allowing the performance of 6MWT in the community and delivering data to clinicians remotely. To perform a pilot study to determine the safety and feasibility of performing 6MWT in PAH outpatients using a wearable app-based tool. PAH patients recruited at Stanford University were provided an Apple Watch with an app to perform daily, self-administered 6MWT over 12 weeks. Bland-Altman plots and correlations were used to assess the agreement and reliability of in-clinic vs. app-based 6MWT data at the beginning and end of the 12-week trial. From 55 PAH participants, we collected 3,139 app-recorded walks during 979.7 patient-weeks of exposure. On average, participants performed 3±2.3 weekly walks. No serious adverse events were reported. App-derived walk distance was highly correlated ( r ≥ 0.9) to the baseline in-clinic 6MWD and showed excellent reliability (ICC=0.9). Correlation and agreement were significantly lower at the 12-week follow-up visit. App-derived metrics beyond 6MWD showed promising associations with disease status. App-based outpatient 6MWT is feasible, safe, reasonably accurate, likely clinically relevant, and reliable in PAH patients but long-term measurement stability may be a concern. App-derived digital measures beyond distance show promise for future applications.

Paths to digital mobile payment platforms acceptance and usage: A topology for digital enthusiast consumers

The rapid development of digital mobile payment platforms (DMPPs) has significantlytransformed the financial services landscape, offering consumers unparalleled convenience and efficiency in payment options. This study delves into the acceptance and usability factors among digital enthusiast consumers, employing fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to uncover key determinants. Analyzing data from 325 digital enthusiasts, the research identified four distinct configural paths that significantly influence DMPP usage, revealing two primary user typologies: “systems readiness and ease of use” and “affection and secured platforms.” Performance expectancy emerged as a core condition, highlighting its critical role in driving DMPP adoption among digital enthusiasts. The study also underscored the importance of grievance redress and perceived trust as essential conditions influencing user adoption and continuous usage, emphasizing their pivotal role in enhancing user experience and fostering trust. These insights suggest that addressing users' concerns and building trust are fundamental for the sustained success of DMPPs. By tailoring DMPP features to align with the distinct preferences of the identified user typologies, service providers can significantly boost adoption rates. The fsQCA approach offers novel insights into the nuances of emerging technology acceptance and usage, underscoring the necessity of categorizing users to better understand DMPP adoption dynamics. This research provides valuable contributions to both businesses and policymakers,offering strategies to optimize DMPP design, ensure superior user experiences, and promote broader adoption. The findings highlight the dynamic interplay of user expectations and technological capabilities, essential for navigating the evolving digital financial landscape.

Understanding smart village concepts: digital literacy and mobile technology

Understanding smart village concepts: digital literacy and mobile technology

Digital mobile fronthaul scheme based on diff-delta-sigma modulation and OCT precoding.

In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate digital mobile fronthaul (MFH) for 65536 quadrature amplitude modulation (65536-QAM) signals based on a diff-delta-sigma modulation (D-DSM) scheme with orthogonal circulant matrix transform (OCT) precoding. By combining the D-DSM scheme with OCT precoding, we successfully solved the problem of uneven distribution of in-band quantization noise (IBN) while bringing about a quantization SNR gain of about 1.5 dB. In addition, we compare two signal combination schemes, Gray coding and power superposition, in the D-DSM scheme. The results show that the power superposition scheme can achieve similar performance to Gray coding with lower computational complexity. At the same time, the power superposition scheme is less affected by the saturation effect. Therefore, the D-DSM solution combined with OCT precoding and power superposition provides an effective solution for future 6 G digital mobile fronthaul.

Real-world outcomes for a digital prescription mobile application for adults with irritable bowel syndrome.

Mahana™ IBS is a Food and Drug Administration-cleared prescription mobile application designed to deliver 3 months of gut-directed cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to adults ≥22 years old with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We assessed whether gut-directed CBT delivered digitally improved outcomes in IBS management. We studied users who had a dispensed physician prescription for Mahana™ IBS between August 2021 and August 2023. The primary outcome was change in IBS symptom severity (IBS-SSS) score. For the 843 patients, 324 (38%) completed half of the program up to session 5, and 162 (19%) of participants completed the full program up to session 10. Median age was 41 years, median IBS-SSS was 270 (moderate severity), IBS-mixed subtype was most common (23%) followed by IBS-C (20%) and IBS-D (19%). The change in IBS-SSS was -81.0 (p = < 0.001) after session 5 and - 104.4 (p = < 0.001) after session 10. In multivariate analyses, a higher baseline IBS-SSS (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.26-2.01) and high baseline Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score predicted non-response (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91-0.98) while older age (OR 1.10 per decade; 95% CI 1.01-1.20), prescription source from a healthcare provider (as opposed to third party telehealth encounter, OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.07-2.05), and payment for the app (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.41-2.63) predicted adherence. Use of a digital mobile application for gut-directed CBT improved symptoms of IBS. Digital health applications have the potential to democratize CBT and allow integrated care to scale for patients with IBS.