Digital Identity Research Articles

Blockchain Integration in Critical Systems Enhancing Transparency, Efficiency, and Real-Time Data Security in Agile Project Management, Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and Cold Chain Management

Blockchain technology has garnered significant attention for its potential to revolutionize critical systems by enhancing transparency, efficiency, and data security. This review examines the integration of blockchain in three essential domains: Agile Project Management, Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and Cold Chain Management. By leveraging decentralized ledgers and smart contracts, blockchain provides a robust framework for real-time tracking, data integrity, and automated compliance, addressing long-standing challenges across these sectors. In Agile Project Management, blockchain fosters seamless collaboration and transparent decision-making, minimizing bottlenecks and improving accountability. In DeFi, blockchain strengthens security for digital transactions and identity verification while offering financial autonomy and mitigating fraud risks. Within Cold Chain Management, blockchain ensures traceability, reduces data tampering risks, and enhances visibility throughout supply chain processes, safeguarding temperature-sensitive goods. This paper evaluates existing blockchain-based applications and frameworks, identifies current limitations, and discusses future opportunities for optimizing critical systems through blockchain. The findings highlight blockchain's transformative role in driving operational efficiency, security, and data transparency across diverse applications, providing a roadmap for industries to harness its full potential in critical environments.

Augmenting musical instruments with digital identities

We explore how augmenting musical instruments with digital identities can enhance their provenance, utility during creative practice, and personal meaning. A literature review reveals the importance of object identities in general and instrument identities in particular, how the identities of things can be digitally augmented, but also that this idea has not been widely applied to musical instruments. A first case study draws on interviews to illuminate the current practice of physically relicing guitars to enhance their identities. A second case study of augmenting a guitar to capture and retell its life story illuminates potential digital identity practices. Reflecting on both case studies, we reconsider musical instruments as product-service systems in which physical instruments come bundled with digital services that forge, perform, and share their identities.

Digital Influencers' Visual Narratives and Algorithmic Power: Identi-ty Construction and Impulsive Consumption on Social Networks

This study explores how visual narratives created by digital influencers, combined with personalized algorithmic recommendations, influence impulsive buying behavior and identity construction on social commerce platforms. Through a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with active social commerce consumers and methodological triangulation was used. The results indicate that impulsive purchases are not merely reactions to visual stimuli, but part of a broader strategy of self-expression and social validation. Additionally, algorithms play an active role in amplifying these behaviors by customizing recommendations that align with consumers’ identity aspirations. The research reveals that impulsive consumption in digital environments is driven by cultural, technological, and social factors, suggesting that social commerce platforms not only facilitate consumption but also serve as spaces for identity experimentation. These findings offer new theoretical insights into the role of consumption in digital identity formation and practical implications for brands seeking to engage consumers in a more authentic and personalized manner.

Intelligent Carbon Metering and Settlement Method of New Power System Based on Blockchain Technology

Blockchain technology is an important technical basis for ensuring carbon trading and plays a fundamental role in maintaining fairness in the carbon trading market. This paper proposes a carbon emission metering and settlement method and a system based on blockchain technology which creates the digital identity of electric meters and stores it in the blockchain. Verifiable credentials are generated based on the digital identity, energy data, and time stamp. The system records the energy data read by the verified meter to the blockchain cloud platform for carbon emission statistics. In the payment and settlement stage, through application of the blockchain and its combination with a digital payment wallet, the regional energy network consumption settlement value is generated according to the regional power supply and electricity consumption, and the settlement value is used as the benchmark to measure the carbon emissions in the region. Through the data analysis of practical application cases in an industrial park in China, this study concludes that the carbon emission statistical settlement method based on blockchain technology solves the problems of untrustworthiness, unreliability, and inconsistency in the statistical and settlement methods during the statistical settlement of electric energy statistics and energy consumption carbon emissions.

Population Activation Service Through Digital Civil Identification App

Digital population identity is a government innovation for the digitization of population documents as stated in the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 72 of 2022 concerning standards and specifications for hardware, software and electronic identity card forms as well as the implementation of digital population identity. This study describes the quality of population activation services through the IKD application. The type of research used is empirical which is descriptive with a qualitative approach, primary data research data sources and secondary data. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documents. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data recitation and conclusion research. The quality of service in this study uses the theories of Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (2013:23), namely tangibles, reability, responsivess, assurance and empathy. The result of this research is that the quality of IKD services is not optimal, as seen from the tangibles dimension (realized) in the infrastructure and facilities of IKD services and there are still obstacles, namely in the IKD activation procedure due to limited public knowledge.

Microbispora maris sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from the gill of the leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus).

A novel actinomycete, designated strain ZYX-F-249T, was isolated from the gill of a leopard coral grouper in Yongxing Island, Hainan Province, China. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain ZYX-F-249T belonged to the genus Microbispora, with high similarities to Microbispora rosea ATCC 12950T (98.7 %), Microbispora hainanensis 211020T (98.5 %), Microbispora clausenae CLES2T (98.4 %), Microbispora bryophytorum NEAU-TX2-2T (98.1 %) and Microbispora oryzaeRL4-1ST (98.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain ZYX-F-249T showed that the strain formed a stable subclade with Microbispora rosea ATCC 12950T in the genus Microbispora. The cell wall of the novel isolate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, while whole-cell sugars were madurose, glucose and ribose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H6), MK-9(H4), MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H0). The characteristic phospholipids (PLs) were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, glycophospholipids and an unknown PL. The major cellular fatty acids (>10%) were iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C18 : 0. Genome sequencing showed a DNA G+C content of 71.6%. The low average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average amino acid identity values demonstrated that strain ZYX-F-249T could be readily distinguished from closely related species. Based on data from these phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological characteristics, strain ZYX-F-249T represents a novel species of the genus Microbispora, for which the name Microbispora maris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZYX-F-249T (=CCTCC AA 2023030T =JCM 36778T).

Privacy-enhanced distributed revocable identity management scheme based self-sovereign identity

In recent years, the rapid proliferation of digital services and resources on Industrial Internet has imposed higher demands on universality and privacy of identity management. Particularly with the advent of the digital economy, prudent users are urged to maintain control over their digital identity credentials. However, traditional identity management methods have failed to meet this requirement and thus have been prone to raise users' concerns about potential financial loss. Specifically, conventional identity management systems(IDMS) have been plagued by imperceptible privacy disclosure, which derives from the flaws in single points of failure, excessive disclosure, correlation analysis, traceability, and revocation. The emerging Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) architecture aims to tackle these issues and is propelling the evolution of privacy-enhanced distributed identity management. To this end, we proposed a privacy-enhanced distributed identity management scheme with sequential aggregate issuance, threshold traceability and revocability in the setting of multiple credential issuers and regulators. We adopted the Decentralized identifiers(DIDs) and verifiable credentials(VCs) based on the SSI architecture to ensure the hierarchical identity authentication. The security and performance analysis shows that our proposal achieves the desired design goals and is feasible for distributed Industrial Internet.

Enhancing digital citizenship education in Saudi Arabian elementary schools: designing effective activities for curriculum integration

In an era where digital technologies significantly influence children’s lives globally, promoting responsible digital citizenship is crucial to equip them with the skills to navigate the digital world safely and responsibly. This study examines the integration and current state of Digital Citizenship Education (DCE) in Saudi Arabian elementary schools, assessing its alignment with international standards and identifying local challenges faced by educators, and pedagogical strategies used. Employing a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data was collected through surveys from 398 teachers and qualitative insight gained from semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers. Quantitative analysis employed descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to explore demographic influences on DCE practices. The findings reveal a strong emphasis on Digital Emotional Intelligence and Digital Security, Privacy, and Health and Wellness; however, significant gaps exist in Digital Participation and Agency, and Digital Footprint and Identity. These gaps are attributed to factors such as insufficient teacher training, lack of effective structured guidelines, and insufficient resources. Significant interaction effects between teachers’ demographics and DCE perceptions highlight the need for targeted professional development. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for enhancing curriculum integration, teacher training, and policy development to promote digital citizenship among elementary school students aligned with global standards.

Unveiling the dark and scary side of metaverse: an in-depth qualitative investigation

PurposeMetaverse is one of the decade’s most exciting and transformative technological innovations. While the metaverse holds immense promise, it has potential risks and dark sides. This research aims to investigate and identify the crucial dark dimensions associated with the metaverse platforms.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a qualitative phenomenological methodology, the authors interviewed 45 metaverse users to unravel dark dimensions related to the metaverse. Analyzing the themes extracted from the participants' insights revealed an alignment with the underpinnings of the Technology Threat Avoidance (TTA) theory.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed seven major dark dimensions: addiction and dependency, isolation and loneliness, mental health issues, privacy and security, cyberbullying and harassment, digital identity theft and financial exploitation.Practical implicationsThe study helps organizations and metaverse platforms understand the crucial dark dimensions of the metaverse. This study concludes by synthesizing prevalent themes and proposing propositions, offering insights for practical application and policy considerations.Originality/valueThis study provides a deeper understanding of the dark side of the metaverse environment from a user perspective using the underpinnings of TTA theory.

Teacher competency development model of higher vocational schools in Shandong province, China

Teacher competency is fundamental to successful vocational education reforms and quality enhancement. The rapid economic transformation and industrial upgrading in Shandong Province require highly skilled talents, prompting the implementation of modern vocational education (MVE) reform. However, the current competency of vocational teachers (VTs) often falls short of MVE standards, and there is an urgent need for a development model suitable for regional characteristics as a guide. In this study, we aim to assess the current state of VT competency development in Shandong Province and propose an integrated competency development model tailored to its specific needs. Our research employed a mixed-methods design, incorporating a cross-sectional survey of 280 VTs and 140 administrators and semi-structured interviews with management personnel. We conducted the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on a comprehensive survey questionnaire and identified six key determinants of VT competency development. Based on these findings and expert interviews, we developed an integrated competency development model, comprising the teacher’s personal qualities and educational philosophy, educational technology competence, digital teaching competence, social policy, professional identity, and school culture and support. This model offers practical implications for designing effective teacher training programs and establishing supportive institutional environments, ultimately aiming to enhance the quality of vocational education through improved teacher competency.

Legal Protection of Notaries in Document Validation through Technology-Based Systems: A Comparative Legal Review of Indonesia, the United States, the Netherlands, and Australia

This paper examines the legal framework and challenges notaries face in adopting technology-based systems for document validation in Indonesia, with a comparative analysis involving the United States, the Netherlands, and Australia. Indonesia's legal framework, particularly Law No. 2 of 2014 on the Office of Notary, has yet to fully accommodate electronic signatures and remote notarization. The requirement for in-person meetings for authenticating notarial acts creates a regulatory barrier to implementing cyber notary services. Furthermore, Indonesian notaries face limited access to essential data systems, such as Dukcapil (Civil Registration Directorate) and BPN (National Land Agency), complicating the verification of personal identity and property documents. In contrast, the United States has adopted e-notary systems, using blockchain technology to ensure data integrity and mitigate fraud risks. The Netherlands provides an integrated platform, allowing notaries to validate documents remotely by accessing national databases in real time. Meanwhile, Australia has implemented a Digital Identity Program to facilitate efficient online authentication of documents. These innovations demonstrate how interoperability, regulatory flexibility, and digital literacy can enhance notary services and legal certainty. This paper proposes regulatory reforms in Indonesia, including revising existing laws to support remote notarization and electronic signatures. Second, developing integrated data platforms for real-time access. Third, providing training programs for notaries to adopt new technologies and ensure data security. By aligning Indonesia’s legal framework with international best practices, cyber notary services can enhance efficiency, security, and legal protection for both notaries and the public, meeting the demands of the digital era.Comparison

Pseudomonas huanghezhanensis sp. nov. and Pseudomonas fjordensis sp. nov., two novel species isolated from seawater of Arctic Kongsfjorden in the Ny-Ålesund area, Svalbard.

Two Gram-stain-negative bacterial strains, BSw22131T and DMSP-1T, were isolated from seawater of Arctic Kongsfjorden in the Ny-Ålesund area, Svalbard. Strains BSw22131T and DMSP-1T were within the genus Pseudomonas and presented 98.1 and 99.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Pseudomonas piscicola P50T and Pseudomonas paracarnis V5/DAB/2/5T, respectively. However, the results of multilocus sequence analysis (concatenated 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoB and rpoD gene sequences) and whole-genome sequence analysis indicated that BSw22131T and DMSP-1T were most closely related to Pseudomonas petrae P2653T and Pseudomonas lactis DSM 29167T, respectively. The genome G+C contents of strains BSw22131T and DMSP-1T were 58.2 and 60.0%, respectively. The two isolates presented digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values of less than 70 and 96%, respectively, with type strain genomes of their close relatives. BSw22131T contained summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c/C16 : 1 ω7c), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω6c/C18 : 1 ω7c) as the major cellular fatty acids, whereas DMSP-1T contained an additional C17 : 0-cyclo as the major fatty acid. The major quinones of both strains were Q-9 (57.5-77.2%) and Q-8 (22.8-37.2%), and their major cellular polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. BSw22131T could be differentiated from its related species by positive ornithine decarboxylase, esterase (C8) and l-rhamnose and d-fructose-6-PO4 utilization, whereas DMSP-1T could be differentiated by positive acid phosphatase but negative p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid utilization. The two strains were negative for the reduction of nitrates but contained genes related to dimethylsulfoniopropionate catabolism. The results of the polyphasic taxonomy analysis revealed that strains BSw22131T and DMSP-1T represent two novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which the names Pseudomonas huanghezhanensis sp. nov. (type strain BSw22131T = CCTCC AB 2019135T = JCM 36635T = DSM 117336T) and Pseudomonas fjordensis sp. nov. (type strain DMSP-1T = CCTCC AB 2019124T = JCM 36636T = DSM 117337T) are proposed.

Efficient low-temperature wastewater treatment by Pseudomonas zhanjiangensis sp. nov.: a novel cold-tolerant bacterium isolated from mangrove sediment.

A novel heterotrophic, cold-tolerant bacterium, designated Pseudomonas zhanjiangensis 25A3ET, was isolated from mangrove sediment and demonstrated excellent efficiency in cold wastewater treatment. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences positioned strain 25A3ET within the genus Pseudomonas, showing the highest similarity (98.7%) with Pseudomonas kurunegalensis LMG 32023T. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values were below the species delineation thresholds (70% for dDDH, 95% for ANI), indicating that strain 25A3ET represents a novel species. This strain demonstrated high efficiency in removing nitrogen (N) and organic pollutants under low-temperature conditions. Specifically, it achieved 72.9% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 70.6% removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4 +-N), and 69.1% removal of total nitrogen (TN) after 96 h at 10°C. Genomic analysis identified key genes associated with cold adaptation, nitrogen removal and organic matter degradation. These findings indicate that Pseudomonas zhanjiangensis 25A3ET holds significant potential for application in cold temperature wastewater treatment, offering a promising solution for environmental remediation in regions with low ambient temperatures.

Bridging India's Financial Divide: The Power of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are transforming India's financial sector, enhancing decision-making, risk assessment, and personalized services. They extend financial services to underserved populations through scalable solutions like digital lending and mobile banking, fostering financial inclusion and bridging urban-rural gaps. Notable progress has been made through initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), which opened over 53 crore accounts by August 2024. However, challenges such as low literacy rates, inadequate digital infrastructure, and a large informal economy persist. AI and ML address financial inclusion gaps by automating KYC processes and improving onboarding through facial recognition and identity verification. Initiatives like Aadhaar provide digital identities, enhancing access to banking. ML algorithms expand financial access by analyzing alternative data for credit scoring. Companies like Lenddo and Tala leverage ML for loans, and AI revolutionizes fraud detection by analyzing transaction data in real-time. AI integration with digital payment platforms like UPI has transformed India's financial ecosystem, processing over 15 billion transactions monthly by August 2024 (NPCI). AI-driven micro-lending platforms like Capital Float and Aye Finance address a $380 billion credit gap (BCG) by assessing creditworthiness using alternative data. AI-driven chatbots and financial products tailored to rural customers improve financial literacy and services. In agricultural finance, AI introduces lending models and enhances crop insurance through satellite data and weather patterns. Programs like PMFBY and companies like Skymet use AI for faster claims processing. AI-driven solutions in RegTech simplify compliance and improve fraud detection. Fintech collaborations and government initiatives like IndiaStack, Aadhaar, and DigiLocker promote financial inclusion. Overcoming barriers like infrastructure challenges, data privacy concerns, and AI bias is essential for leveraging AI to provide equitable financial services in India. The constructive interaction between AI and blockchain further enhances financial inclusion, creating a secure, transparent ecosystem that drives economic growth and social well-being.

Blockchain-Enhanced Organic Product Authentication and Provenance Verification System

Blockchain technology is being used to develop systems that can authenticate organic products and corroborate their provenance. This could revise the organic food assiduity by adding translucency and traceability, perfecting consumer confidence, and reducing the environmental impact. The system works by creating a unique digital identity for each organic product at the point of product. This digital identity is also stored on a blockchain, which is a distributed tally that's tamper- evidence and transparent. As the product moves through the force chain, each party in the chain scans the QR law on the product and updates the blockchain with information about the product's movement. This allows consumers to corroborate the product's authenticity and provenance, as well as to learn further about how the product was produced and transported.

Digital Citizenship Practices and Implementation of Learning Modalities in the Higher Education Institutions under the New Normal in General Santos City

While the shift to technology-mediated learning in higher education has been widely documented, less is known about the interplay between digital citizenship practices within institutions, particularly in Mindanao. One of the means to address this gap is by investigating the relationship between these two factors within higher education institutions in General Santos City. While some argue that technological infrastructure and pedagogical innovation are sufficient for effective online and blended learning, this study posits that a strong foundation of digital citizenship is essential for maximizing the benefits of these modalities. Specifically, the research examined four key elements of digital citizenship: digital identity, digital netiquette, digital footprint, and digital privacy, alongside the implementation of learning modalities across curriculum development, supervision of instruction, faculty development, and research and extension services. Data were collected through a structural survey questionnaire. Findings revealed a high level of digital citizenship practices and a very satisfactory implementation of learning modalities. The data indicate that students and teachers alike are well-versed in digital ethics, demonstrating awareness of online safety protocols and responsible internet behaviors. This strong foundation in digital citizenship can be leveraged to develop further the critical thinking and information literacy skills required for navigating the digital landscape of the 21st century. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was observed between these two factors across all domains. This suggests that strong digital citizenship within HEIs contributes to a more effective adaptation to a technology-driven educational environment.

Simulation-based evaluation of advanced threat detection and response in financial industry networks using zero trust and blockchain technology

The financial sector is increasingly facing advanced cyber threats, necessitating a shift from traditional security measures to more dynamic frameworks. This study presents a novel integration of Zero Trust architecture with hybrid access control system and blockchain technology to enhance security in financial institutions. Zero Trust enforces continuous authentication and dynamic access controls, while blockchain secures digital identities and transaction logs through its immutable ledger, ensuring data integrity and non-repudiation. The proposed framework, evaluated using OMNeT++ simulations enhanced by Ethereum-Ganache, shows improved detection accuracy, reduced false positives, and increased resistance to insider threats and other attacks. It also strengthens compliance with regulatory requirements through robust audit trails, providing enhanced protection for sensitive financial data.

Flavobacterium capsici sp. nov., isolated from the rhizospheric soils of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Two separate bacterial strains, PMTSA4T and PMR2A8, were isolated from the rhizospheric soils of bell pepper plants grown in a plant nursery. These strains are Gram-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped and grow in aerobic conditions. They exhibit a positive reaction for catalase activity but negative results for oxidase activity. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strains PMTSA4T and PMR2A8 are closely related to Flavobacterium piscinae ICH-30T (95.6%, respectively), Flavobacterium ahnfeltiae 10Alg 130T (95.5%) and Flavobacterium maris KMM 9535T (95.3%), aligning them within the genus Flavobacterium. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values and average nucleotide identities (ANIs) of the whole-genome sequences for the two strains and related Flavobacterium species were significantly below the established thresholds for prokaryotic species delineation (<70% for dDDH and <95% for ANI). The observed values were as follows: Flavobacterium aquatile LMG 4008T (dDDH: 19.8% and ANI: 75.5%), F. piscinae ICH-30T (dDDH: 18.6% and ANI: 73.3%) and F. stagni WWJ 16T (dDDH: 18.5% and ANI: 72.0%). The strains have genome sizes of 3 068 185 bp and 3 068 330 bp, with a G+C content of 32.5 mol%. In phenotypic characterization, the new strains grew at 10-35 °C and tolerated up to 4% NaCl at pH 5-9 (optimum pH 8). The predominant cellular fatty acids were observed to be iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH and iso-C15:0 3-OH. Menaquinone-6 was the predominant quinone. Considering the results from phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genomic analyses, it is proposed that the strains PMTSA4T and PMR2A8 represent a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium.

Indentity Management System Using Blockchain and Survey

Abstract—This project aims to develop a web3 platform that stores user credentials on the blockchain, providing high levels of security and privacy. Using a range of tools and technologies, including Metamask, RemixIDE, Ganache, Node.js, Solidity for smart contracts, HTML, and CSS, the platform offers a user-friendly interface that enhances the user experience. Smart contracts are used to ensure that user credentials are only visible to the individual user, providing a high level of security and privacy. This platform has the ability to revolutionize how users interact with online services and manage their digital identities, reducing costs, increasing trust, and improving expandability. The implementation of this project has demonstrated the overall benefits of blockchain and smart contracts in virtual identity management, including increased security, improved privacy, and enhanced user experience. The platform has the potential for further development and expansion, including the integration of biometric authentication, artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, and the expansion to include a range of online services. Overall, this project has demonstrated the significant potential of blockchain technology and smart contracts in digital identity management and has the ability to shift the way users communicate with online services, offering a one-stop-shop for their online needs. Keywords—Block chain, metamask, ganache, remix ide, solidity

Citizenship in India: Parsing the Complexity of Digital Identity Systems

Citizenship in India: Parsing the Complexity of Digital Identity Systems