Digital Generation Research Articles

Coordination of Ultralow Permittivity and Higher Thermal Conductivity of Polyimide Induced by Unique Interfacial Self‐Assembly Behavior

AbstractUpgrading the available dielectric materials is the most effective approach to solve the poor quality of signal transmission and heat buildup caused by high density integration. In this work, a design strategy for multilayer 3D porous composite networks is proposed, relying on the self‐assembly effect of “crystal‐like phase” to achieve the synergistic optimization of low permittivity and high thermal conductivity of polyimide. The obtained three‐layer porous polyimide composite film (PSLS) features an ultralow permittivity of 1.89, an in‐plane thermal conductivity as high as 13.58 W m−1 K−1, and maintains well electrical insulating property. Inspiringly, the first digital thermoacoustic generator with wide frequency response has been designed based on PSLS film. It achieves sound pressure levels up to 60.1 dB in the 20–100 kHz range and integrates the efficient sound generation of an ultrasonic generator with real‐time display. This work will provide a novel concept material for the smart electronics and electrical fields.

APPAREL USAGE AND DISPOSAL BEHAVIOUR OF WOMEN MILLENNILAS AND POST-MILLENNILAS

The study - Apparel usage and disposal behaviour of women millennial and post-millennial aims at analysing the consumer behaviour in usage and disposing of clothes. The two main generations taken into consideration are Millennial and Gen z (People who born during 1981-1996 belong to millennial generation and women who born during 1997-2012 are categorised as post-millennial generation). The study compares the apparel usage and disposal behaviour of millennials and Gen z and also examine the factors moderating the intention to dispose and disposal behaviours. The base theory considered is Theory of planned Behaviour. Convenience sampling method is used for data collection. The population size was unknown and the sample size is 274 women respondents. A Structured questionnaire has been designed and used to collect the needed primary data. Data collected through questionnaire are analysed using various analysis like cross tabulation, weighted average and chi-square analysis. The comparison secured desired results. It is proved that there is a huge difference between millennial and Generation Z. Millennial are using and disposing their clothes in a proper way comparing to post-millennials. Lack of awareness about proper disposal of clothes is one of the major factors for improper disposal and people doesn’t have enough provisions to dispose their clothes properly. Some Women are throwing their clothes in garbage can this leads to landfills and can cause huge damage to environment. Generation z prefers to trade their used clothes in online portal and millennials prefer to resell their garments for money.

Evaluating Digital Elevation Model generation from Sentinel-1 SAR data in challenging tropical environments

Evaluating Digital Elevation Model generation from Sentinel-1 SAR data in challenging tropical environments

The effectiveness of immersive virtual reality applications (human anatomy) on self-directed learning competencies among undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study.

Technological developments have significantly impacted various aspects of life, most notably healthcare and education. A nursing education shift was required to prepare digital generation. Consequently, nurse educators must adopt innovative approaches to teaching and learning, like incorporating immersive virtual reality (VR) into human anatomy courses to improve students' learning. To examine the influence of immersive VR applications (human anatomy) on self-directed learning (SDL) competencies among undergraduate nursing students. A cross-sectional design was conducted in the health profession's faculty at Al-Quds University among the first year of the nursing program, who were enrolled in an anatomy course (N = 137). The Self-Directed Learning Instrument was used, and independent sample t-tests were conducted to compare the level of SDL among students who utilized the VR application (Human Anatomy VR). The results showed that 93.9% of the total were approximately 20 years old, and 85.4% were females. 90.5% of participants expressed satisfaction with using the VR application and that it would be beneficial in nursing courses. The average score of SDL for the whole group was 72.03 ± 13.07, and there is a positive significant relationship between SDL and students utilizing VR (p < 0.001), between SDL competencies and technological skills (p = 0.009), and type of digital tools (p = 0.049). The highest coefficient of correlation was related to planning and self-monitoring (r = 0.918), and the lowest was related to interpersonal communications (r = 0.865). VR is an additional tool for enhancing learning, and nursing students perceive immersive VR technologies positively and prefer using three-dimensional images in their anatomy courses. SDL assists students in identifying learning objectives, barriers, and outcomes through using VR technologies as teaching strategies.

Understanding public opinion and discussion dynamics of digital humans on social media: an analysis of sentiment, themes and user characteristics

PurposeThe emergence of artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC) technology has markedly enhanced the capabilities of digital human content generation and natural language processing, thus further advancing the development of digital humans. To enable enterprises and governments to effectively address the challenges and opportunities arising from the rapid development of digital humans, it is imperative to understand the public opinion and discussion dynamics of digital humans.Design/methodology/approachThis study initially analyzed the trends and distribution patterns of public attention to digital humans. By utilizing word cloud technology, we explored the primary focal points of public interest and conducted a topic analysis using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) techniques. Subsequently, content analysis was conducted on the popular application domains of digital humans. Finally, this study examined the influence of user characteristics on emotional scores toward digital humans and the presence of differences in focus across user groups.FindingsThe results indicate a sustained increase in public attention toward digital humans, accompanied by notable geographic disparities in the distribution of discussions. Discussions on Weibo are primarily focused on four domains, whereas areas within the digital human application domain that provoke widespread discussion include live streaming, service, cultural entertainment and digital avatars. Significant impacts of user characteristics on sentiment scores were observed, revealing divergent focal points of interest among different user groups toward digital humans.Originality/valueThrough the deep analysis of Weibo data, this study offers new insights into the digital human industry, enabling governments and businesses to understand industry trends and develop targeted digital human customization strategies based on customer characteristics.

Electoral Behavior of Russian Youth of the Digital Generation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the electoral behavior of Russian youth of the digital generation (aged 18–24 years). The empirical basis of the study was made up of data from an interregional youth survey conducted by the authors in 2023, as well as data from a WCIOM study in 2024. The relatively low level of their participation in the electoral process and in general in socio-political activities is considered as a feature of the electoral behavior of young people of the digital generation. At the same time, a steady trend towards a decrease in youth absenteeism has been identified, which is manifested in the formation of an intermediate group of young people with a more positive attitude towards elections. Subject to comprehensive constructive actions on the part of the state and civil society institutions, this group can be included in the electoral process. The study showed that young people of the digital generation are quite well informed about the possibility of online voting, although the vast majority of young people aged 18–25 years do not have practical experience in participating in remote electronic voting. For young people who ignore the institution of elections, the form of voting is not significant. A tendency has been discovered towards a decrease in the electoral activity of girls of the digital generation, who are inferior to young men in other indicators of socio-political activity.

A Review Paper on IPv4 and IPv6: A Comprehensive Survey

Even though more customers are regularly coming to the Internet, IPv4 addresses have been reduced by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and have been deactivated in domain name registries (RIRs). IPv6, being the sole important next-generation Internet protocol, has yet to be fully developed and deployed, owing to the lack of a scheme that might address the transfer of IPv4 resources to IPv6 networks as well as collective communication between the two incompatible protocols. The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet protocol version 4 (TCP/IPv4) addresses have been reported as being on the verge of collapsing, while the next generation Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is being identified on a regular basis. Among other advantages, IPv6 provides a significantly wider address space, better address design, and more security. IPv6 distribution necessitates a thorough and meticulous setup in order to avoid network disturbance and reap the benefits of IPv6. Because of the problems with IPv4, IPv6 is currently becoming increasingly popular among organizations, businesses, and Internet Service Providers (ISP). This paper we will explores the evolution of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4), its key features, challenges, and limitations, and examines how Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) addresses these issues. Additionally, we will highlight the key differences between the two protocols and discuss the transition process from IPv4 to IPv6.

The compassionate care framework plus quality control group improves the quality of postoperative nursing management for patients in anorectal surgery: An observational study.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the joint application of the compassionate care framework (CCF) and a quality control (QC) team in improving the quality of postoperative nursing management for patients in anorectal surgery. Patients who underwent anorectal surgery at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital between May 2022 and December 2022 were selected by convenience sampling. A digital random generator was used for random grouping. The odd numbers entered the control group (n = 53) and the even numbers entered the study group (n = 53). The control group received postoperative traditional nursing, and the study group received postoperative nursing and QC team management. A questionnaire survey was used to analyse patients' satisfaction with nursing. The two groups were compared for nursing quality scores, patient satisfaction with nursing care and incidence of complications. After management, compared with the control group, the study group scored significantly higher for the nursing process, environmental management, emergency response and safety protection (p < 0.05 for all). The study group also exhibited higher satisfaction scores with the nursing process, nurse-patient relationship and service attitude compared with the control group (p < 0.05 for all). The complication incidence rate in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). The combined use of the CCF and a QC team can effectively improve the quality of postoperative nursing management for patients in anorectal surgery, reduce the incidence of complications and enhance patient satisfaction with nursing care, thus holding significant potential for wider application.

Formation of students’ subject skills in mathematics in the process of digital didactic game

The work is devoted to the study of the problem of gamification of mathematics teaching in primary school using methods of studying pedagogical experience, comparing and generalizing the results of observations, analyzing scientific articles and the content and structure of didactic games in mathematics. The urgency of the problem is due to the digital transformation of education currently taking place. Digitalization of education in the context of teaching mathematics in primary school entails the need to develop new learning tools. Such teaching tools should contribute to the development of students’ mathematical skills, while meeting the needs of students of the digital generation for the form of information presentation. Digital didactic games can be used as an effective means of teaching mathematics at school. The potential of such games in the formation of students’ mathematical and logical skills, cognitive motivation is indicated. In the mathematical content of the game, it is proposed to provide for a change of types of educational activities. This will expand the range of skills formed through digital play, make it more dynamic and interesting for students, which will contribute to their involuntary learning. To develop the skills to perform various graphical constructions using the tools of modern graphical calculators, it is proposed to include tasks at certain stages of the game, for which digital tools can be used (online calculators, electronic programs, mobile applications, etc.). The conclusion is made about the expediency of using digital didactic games in the process of teaching mathematics to schoolchildren.

FaceDefend: Copyright Protection to Prevent Face Embezzle

With the rapid evolution of deep learning and the advent of artificial intelligence, the metaverse has emerged as a significant technology. Within the metaverse, diverse elements such as rich applications and realistic digital avatars provide users with immersive experiences, but it poses a series of security problems. Current research predominantly focuses on the data storage and transmission processes from the perspective of blockchain and the Internet of Things to achieve the protection of the metaverse. However, there exists a gap in security research on the digital avatar generation process. Given that digital avatars are the primary entities engaging in social activities within the metaverse and are crafted based on real face images, the virtual character can be generated easily by stealing the user’s face image and controlled to interact with others. In order to deal with the above problems, we propose a novel method to prevent the misuse of faces, which maintains the security of the metaverse by protecting facial data and thus preventing its misuse. We explore the common architecture of generative models and propose a defense method based on copyright protection to prevent face embezzling. Firstly, we utilize the copyright protection module to obtain copyright protection information. Secondly, we utilized the defense control module to ensure the representation of the protected images occurs errors in the latent space of the generation model. Therefore the subsequent generation task output fails, which effectively protects the face data and prevents the generation of digital avatars. Furthermore, the results on public datasets and across multiple generative models present unnatural outputs, indicating the excellence of our defense and transfer capabilities.

Experimental timing and control using microcontrollers

Modern physics experiments rely on precise timing provided by programmable digital pulse generators. In many experimental control systems, this role is filled by custom devices built on field-programmable gate arrays. While highly flexible and performant, these devices can be difficult to scale to very large systems due to cost and complexity. Recent advances in microcontroller systems allow these much simpler devices to fill the role of digital pulse generators. Here, we demonstrate one such alternative based on the Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller, which allows for timing resolution down to 7.5 ns with a minimum pulse width of 37.5 ns.

Digital twin dynamic-polymorphic uncertainty surrogate model generation using a sparse polynomial chaos expansion with application in aviation hydraulic pump

Full lifecycle high fidelity digital twin is a complex model set contains multiple functions with high dimensions and multiple variables. Quantifying uncertainty for such complex models often encounters time-consuming challenges, as the number of calculated terms increases exponentially with the dimensionality of the input. This paper based on the multi-stage model and high time consumption problem of digital twins, proposed a sparse polynomial chaos expansions method to generate the digital twin dynamic-polymorphic uncertainty surrogate model, striving to strike a balance between the accuracy and time consumption of models used for digital twin uncertainty quantification. Firstly, an analysis and clarification were conducted on the dynamic-polymorphic uncertainty of the full lifetime running digital twins. Secondly, a sparse polynomial chaos expansions model response was developed based on partial least squares technology with the effectively quantified and selected basis polynomials which sorted by significant influence. In the end, the accuracy of the proxy model is evaluated by leave-one-out cross-validation. The effectiveness of this method was verified through examples, and the results showed that it achieved a balance between maintaining model accuracy and complexity.

Seeds of energy intelligence: Attitudes and energy behaviour of Chinese digital native Generation Z college students in sustainable development

Abstract By 2020, the total population of China’s Generation Z (Gen Z) is approximately 260 million, comprising 18.6% of the overall population. As digital natives, the internet has shaped their open, diverse values, behavioural patterns, and social interactions. This paper concentrates on a significant segment of Gen Z, specifically college students, during a crucial phase of their social responsibility development. Given the global imperative for sustainable development, understanding Gen Z’s engagement with energy sustainability is essential. A questionnaire conducted at colleges in China explored access to energy information and behaviours and investigated their participation in sustainable practices. This article aims to find the gaps between translating energy knowledge captured by digital tools into action. The findings are intended to support and inform the development of more targeted energy education and energy-saving tools, promoting the development of the next generation of sustainable energy and building a more environmentally friendly and sustainable society.

Work engagement among post-millennial generation in Jakarta: Examining work-life balance and work values dynamics

Employers must increase work engagement to keep workers actively involved, committed, and making the greatest contributions to the business. Encouraging employee well-being through work-life balance and work values is one way to increase work engagement. This research aims to examine the influence of work-life balance and work value on work engagement among Generation of post-millennial in Jakarta city. The research method used to analyze this study is quantitative with a descriptive format aimed at explaining and summarizing various conditions and situations. The research method employed partial hypothesis testing using the SmartPLS program. The sample size for this study is 150 respondents and data collection are done through questionnaires. The data analysis techniques and tools used in this study include descriptive statistics, inner model testing, and outer model testing. The population of this study is the post-millennial generation workers, and they also serve as the sample for the study. The research results indicate that work-life balance has a positive and significant impact on work engagement, work value has a positive and significant impact on work engagement, and both work-life balance and work value have a positive and significant influence on work engagement among the post-millennial generation in Jakarta city. Perusahaan harus berupaya untuk terus meningkatkan keterlibatan kerja agar pekerja tetap aktif, berkomitmen, dan memberikan kontribusi terbesar bagi bisnis. Mendorong kesejahteraan karyawan melalui keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dan nilai-nilai kerja merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh work-life balance dan work value terhadap work engagement pada generasi pasca milenial atau generasi Z di kota Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan merangkum berbagai kondisi dan situasi. Selain itu, dilakukan pengujian hipotesis secara parsial dengan menggunakan program SmartPLS. Besar sampel penelitian ini adalah 150 responden, dan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui distribusi kuesioner. Teknik dan alat analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi statistik deskriptif, pengujian inner model, dan pengujian outer model. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pekerja yang termasuk dalam kategori generasi pos-milenial dan mereka juga dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa work-life balance berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap work engagement, nilai kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap work engagement, serta work-life balance dan work value mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap work engagement generasi pasca milenial di kota Jakarta.

Drivers and barriers to academic instructors’ willingness to adopt student-generated online quiz games as an assessment method

In recent years, academia has begun recognizing the necessity of integrating innovative assessment methods into academic courses. Nevertheless, initiatives to introduce alternative assessment practices may encounter resistance, despite the strong pedagogical rationale behind it. This research was conducted following a workshop titled “Make Games, Not Exams,” which aimed to introduce higher education instructors to an alternative method of assessing academic course achievements through student-generated online quiz games. The primary objective was to explore the instructors’ attitudes toward the assessment method introduced in the workshop and their willingness to integrate it into their courses, two months after the program’s conclusion. The study utilized a qualitative approach involving the participation of 10 instructors who took part in the workshop. The results revealed that only half of the instructors were willing to incorporate this method into their teaching. Most instructors agreed with the pedagogical rationale for using digital game generators as assessment tools. Nevertheless, they expressed reluctance to adopt this method primarily due to resistance to change, the time investment required, concerns about the compatibility of games with academic content, and apprehensions regarding evaluating student outcomes. Institutional support and peer influence were also noted as barriers. These findings suggest that integrating such an innovative approach demands a prolonged commitment involving ongoing exposure and consistent support for instructors within the institutional context.

Agent-based digital traffic model generation for regions facing data scarcity using aggregated cellphone data: a case study for Brussels

ABSTRACT The adoption of agent-based models (ABMs) in transport research has highlighted their potential in digitally simulating travel behaviour from a bottom-up perspective. However, generating ABMs remains a complex multi-step process, often suffering from the lack of model representation or reliance on proprietary data, thereby limiting ABMs' transferability, especially in regions facing data scarcity. This research presents a systematic ABM generation algorithm for Brussels, Belgium, that generates high-quality ABMs more representative of real-life travel patterns, including incorporating external travel demand and allowing multiple destinations for the same activity types in activity chaining. Additionally, our algorithm's input data only contains social-spatial data and aggregated cellphone matrices. Due to the ubiquitous nature of such data worldwide, our algorithm demonstrates significant transferability to other regions for ABM generation while preserving individual privacy. We demonstrate the input data and the proposed algorithm step by step. The ABM generated using MATSim is validated against real-world data regarding mode share, distance share, travel time distribution and traffic counts. Overall, this research would serve as valuable guidance for ABM modellers in data collection and specific modelling setups, lowering the entry barrier of ABM research towards more efficient, representative and reproducible ABMs.

Curriculum Development for the South African Essential Steps in Managing Obstetric Emergencies (ESMOE) Anesthesiology Training Module: A Delphi Study.

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) for 2030 aims at <70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. South Africa (SA) falls short of this goal and most deaths occur in district and regional hospitals. Due to low anesthesiologist (specialist anesthetist) numbers in the public sector, the anesthetic workforce in these hospitals consists mainly of nonspecialist (general practitioner) junior doctors with limited supervision. The Essential Steps in Managing Obstetric Emergencies (ESMOE) training program for interns was introduced in 2008 to reduce maternal deaths in SA. Training is not consistently offered at all intern-training institutions and it has not been recently revised. This study sought expert suggestions to guide a revision of the regulation, pedagogy, and content of the ESMOE anesthetic module. A 3-round consensus-seeking modified Delphi technique was used whereby experts rated current and suggested learning outcomes as well as pedagogical- and regulatory aspects of the ESMOE anesthetic module in an anonymous, online, Likert-scale questionnaire. Consensus was defined as ≥70% agreement. Open-ended questions sought motivations for decisions and further suggestions for program improvement. Between March 4, 2021 and August 18, 2021, a total of 17/24 (71%), 16/17 (94%), and 15/16 (94%) consenting experts completed the first, second, and third rounds, respectively. During the 3 rounds, the panel achieved consensus on all but 2 questionnaire items. The panel agreed that ESMOE anesthesia training should be mandatory and that it should be offered through a blended learning model. They further concurred that the current learning outcomes should be retained, and suggested additional outcomes based on the most common causes of maternal mortality in SA. Attendance of the ESMOE anesthesia module should be mandatory. Its pedagogy should be updated to a blended learning style to benefit the current digital native intern generation. The content should be updated to address the main causes of maternal mortality in SA in line with SDG3. A national obstetric anesthesia guideline should be considered, and lea-dership and collaboration are required to improve the alignment of undergraduate, internship, and junior doctor anesthesia training in SA. The content, process, and stakeholder engagement suggestions in this study can assist short-course-based anesthesia workforce training in similar global contexts.

Students’ Motivation and Engagement with Task-Based Activities Using Google Workspace

The current demand for integrating technology into English language instruction to engage students in meaningful conversations is pressing in the digital era. Despite this, research on employing Google tools for collaborative, task-based activities in English education is scarce, particularly in meeting the needs of today&amp;#39;s digital learners and boosting their motivation. This study aims to bridge this research gap by evaluating the impact of using task-based Google&amp;#39;s collaborative tools on creating a cooperative learning environment and increasing students&amp;rsquo; engagement and motivation in English classes. Over one academic year, data were collected from 65 Saudi university students with varying levels of English proficiency using approximately 45 task-based activities administered using different Google tools. According to questionnaire results, motivation was a significant predictor of students&amp;#39; initiative and enjoyment in using these collaborative tools. The study confirms that students appreciate these Google tools and associates their use with increased motivation to learn English. These findings suggest that educators should align their teaching with the preferences of the digital generation by incorporating tools like Google Forms with preemptive feedback, Google Slides, and Google Docs to foster meaningful English learning. This approach can narrow the divide between traditional teaching methods and the preferred learning styles of digital learners. This study was conducted prior to the surge in Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools; the study also points out that the rise of AI has expedited the creation of task-based activities, warranting further consideration in educational practices.

Scope of Yoga Education in Promoting ‘21st Century Skills’ of the Digital Natives: An Overview

The pattern of social life of the adolescent has completely altered with the onslaught of digital media; truly they are digital natives nurtured in a unique period of an unprecedented influx of technology. Teens are usually have inadequate ability for self-regulation and are fragile and vulnerable to peer pressure and indulgence to any kind of adventure and experimentations with social media may be lethal for them. Adolescents exposed heavily in digital world are less competent in formal socialization as evident by latest research. In this era of digitalization, Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) is a dragging attention of educationist to mitigate negative impact of such digital dumping and to inculcate core social and emotional competencies. An ancient scientific way of life practiced in India which is combinations of practice of specific postures, breathing regulation, and meditation is yoga, which have been shown its efficacy in improving in cognitive performance in executive function and also in socio emotional adjustment. Broadly Desk Review Method has been adopted. Collection &amp; analysis of the data collected by other researchers and as published in the journal of Repute has been considered. In the context of school education, the curriculum agreed to accommodate yoga as it could contribute to the physical, social, emotional and mental development of a child (NCF, 2005). The theoretical idea of Yoga are organized from experiences. Therefore, the need of the time is to device a frame work which can relate the theoretical construct of Yoga with learning objectives of ‘21st Century skills’ also referred to as ‘Transversal competencies’. This overview the scope of yoga education in the current approaches of the social cognitive principle of “Transversal competencies” in reference to digital generation.

Examining sustainable consumption patterns through green purchase behavior and digital media engagement: a case of Pakistan’s postmillennials

PurposeThe main objective of this study is to identify the variables influencing consumers' perceptions of sustainable purchasing intentions and the effects such perceptions have on actual sustainable purchasing behavior. This paper aims to develop an understanding of the postmillennial generation's consumption of sustainable products.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was used to collect data for quantitative analysis. It involved sampling a total of 251 respondents, which were postmillennials belonging to the twin cities of Pakistan. A series of tests were applied through Smart PLS4 for all the variables, including descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results revealed that there is a significant relationship of social value and electronic word of mouth with digital media usage (DMU). Whereas, link of functional and emotional value with DMU was insignificant. The results also portrayed that there exists a positive link between DMU and sustainable consumption behavior (SCB). Moreover, green purchase intention moderated the relationship between DMU and SCB.Originality/valueThere exists a research gap on the role of postmillennial behavioral regulation and digital media use, as potential influences on their purchase behavior. Despite the fact that digital media has been shown to influence millennials' purchasing decisions in the past, there is still a reluctance among postmillennials to engage in environmentally friendly practices. Consequently, research is necessary to comprehend sustainable consumer behaviors; especially from an unaddressed Pakistani perspective.