Digital Entity Research Articles

The Telehealth chain: a framework for secure and transparent telemedicine transactions on the blockchain.

Blockchain technology provides a secure and decentralized platform for storing and transferring sensitive medical data, which can be utilized to enable remote medical consultations. A theoretical framework for creating a blockchain-based digital system created to facilitate telemedicine system. This paper proposes a theoretical framework based on Hyperledger fabric for creating a blockchain-based digital entity to facilitate telemedicine services. The proposed framework utilizes blockchain technology to provide a secure and reliable platform for medical practitioners to interact remotely with patient transactions. The blockchain will serve as a one-stop digital service to secure patient data, ensure privacy, and facilitate payments. The proposed framework leverages the existing Hyperledger fabric platform to build a secure blockchain-assisted telemedicine platform.

Virtual Assistance for Banking System using AI and ML

Virtual assistance has emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of banking, offering an efficient and user-friendly means of engaging with financial services. This abstract explores the concept of a virtual assistant for the banking system, a sophisticated digital entity designed to facilitate and enhance customer interactions within the financial sector. A groundbreaking solution to empower blind individuals in navigating the complex landscape of banking operations. Rooted in the ethos of inclusivity, the project merges cutting-edge technologies with a user-friendly interface, ensuring a seamless and independent banking experience for visually impaired users. The frontend of the application is developed using Flutter, offering a responsive and visually appealing cross-platform interface that caters to a diverse range of user preferences. Meanwhile, the Python backend orchestrates the intricate ballet of banking operations, communicating securely with banking APIs to perform tasks such as balance inquiries, fund transfers, and transaction history retrieval. Central to the project's innovation is the integration of speech-to-text and text-to-speech functionalities. Users can interact with the application through spoken commands, which are accurately transcribed into text, and receive information through synthesized speech, providing a natural and conversational experience. A sophisticated chat box further facilitates communication, enabling users to seek assistance and guidance effortlessly. The text-based conversation within the chat box becomes a crucial element in ensuring a user-friendly and accessible interface. Security is paramount, with robust measures in place to safeguard sensitive information, employing encryption for data such as login credentials and transaction details

Digital twin-driven blade rub-impact diagnosis using blade tip timing

Blade Tip Timing (BTT) has become a promising method for online monitoring of rotating blades due to its non-contact measurement characteristics. However, due to the undersampling and non-uniform characteristics of blade tip timing signals, there are few studies on using them to diagnose rub-impact fault. This paper focuses on this topic and proposes a rub-impact diagnosis process. The contents of this paper are as follows: (1) A review of the existing rub-impact diagnosis technology and signal processing methods, then the advantages of diagnosis rub-impact using BTT are given. (2) The digital twin model framework for rotating blades has been established, including physical entity, digital entity, and the connections between them. (3) Dynamics analysis of both single blades and entire blade disks under rub-impact states has been carried out for the digital twin model, and six signal characteristics of blade tip under rubbing condition are summarized which provide prior knowledge for subsequent diagnosis. (4) Aiming at that traditional Enhanced Sparse Decomposition (ESD) method is prone to falling into local optimal solutions for BTT undersampled data, an envelope spectrum kurtosis enhanced sparse decomposition (ESKESD) method is proposed. (5) A complete rub-impact fault diagnosis process using digital twin is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method and diagnosis process are verified through simulation and experimental data.

Mechanisms Influencing the Digital Transformation Performance of Local Governments: Evidence from China

The transformation of the government into a digital entity is imperative, serving not only as a catalyst for the modernization of China’s governance system and capacity but also as a cornerstone for advancing the digital economy and the establishment of a digital China. This paper presents a multi-level analytical framework designed to assess the digital transformation performance of local governments. Utilizing a dataset comprising macro-regional and micro-individual data from Hubei province, we conduct an extensive analysis to examine the underlying mechanisms that influence the digital transformation performance of local governments and employ the hierarchical linear model (HLM) as the primary analytical instrument. The results of our analysis show that individual-level government–citizen interactions, government image, and district-level department collaborative capacities exert substantial and positive influences on the digital transformation performance of local governments. Furthermore, it is worth noting that department collaborative capacity plays a significant and positive moderating role in the relationship between government image and the digital transformation performance of local governments. These findings not only offer valuable insights for optimizing policy formulation but also contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the digital transformation performance of local governments.

Proposal of Digital Twin-Enabled New Product Design Framework

Digital twin (DT) has provided numerous opportunities for product development businesses to leverage data acquired from the physical model. Ideally, many companies are improving their use cases by using the collected physical data in a virtual model. Thanks to emerging communication technologies, 5th generation mobile network (5G), the internet of things (IoT), industrial internet of things (IIoT) sensors, etc., which help to collect data from the physical product and send data to cloud computing, called big data. With the gap in the non-availability of standard architecture, many companies are using big data and building their digital models. This paper proposes a novel DT-enabled new product design framework that has built an interaction between the DT and product design environments. This framework enables the data to be captured from various physical entities, stored in a centralized location, and pushed into the digital entity, which processes the data and converts the raw data into information used for decision-making. In the digital entity, multiple technologies are used to process data into information, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models, mathematical models, and simulation models. The processed data that emerges from these models are called synthetic or DT data; this data is later used for control / monitoring and visualization / interaction purposes. In this paper, the data classified as visualization and interaction is integrated with the new product design framework in all four design stages, viz., concept design, detailed design, design verification, and redesign, with various data contributions to the design. A case study was discussed by applying the DT data processed using the AI / ML model in the concept design phase. Using synthetic data, the medium-duty truck frame assembly�s design concept was validated using ten load cases iteratively, and the design was finalized. The results are encouraging that the overall weight of the frame assembly was optimized by 9% without impacting the strength and factor of safety of the frame assembly.

Features of the architecture of digital object models in multi-service ecosystems

The article proposes a new model of the architecture of digital entity based on a single technological base for their presentation and processing, includes the concept of a "smart contract", within the framework of this one is possible to create mechanisms for the implementation of various scenarios of the behavior of digital entity in depending on external circumstances and properties of services. The task of managing the properties of multiservice systems is still not sufficiently well resolved. This fact is determined by the challenges that constantly arise and are determined by the dynamic change in the properties of digital entities during their life cycle, the variable number and properties of services involved in the ecosystem, the nature of their interaction with digital entities depending on external circumstances, convergent environment. As practice shows, the model of the digital entity proposed by the actual standards does not provide opportunities to solve the mentioned challenges.

Advances of Digital Twins in Bridge Structures Maintenance

The conception and development of digital twins (DT) are increasingly investigated within the civil engineering sector. They exhibit significant potential in nearly all phases of a structure, including design, construction, operation, and maintenance. However, the precise function and implementation of DT lack a clear definition and continue to be the subject of research. This work investigates the implementation and latest developments of DT concerning the maintenance of bridge construction. To achieve this, we first conduct a systematic literature data curation of papers published within the last eight years, from 2016 to 2024, related to DT in the maintenance of civil engineering structures. These papers have been selected based on a co-occurrence analysis of keywords. As a result, we found 74 papers. Afterwards, with the focus on the digital entity of the bridge DT, we summarize and analyze the concepts, methods, and application cases of 10 selected goal-oriented papers. Then, the application of DT on the Nibelungen Bridge Worms in Germany is introduced as a case study. Finally, we provide a discussion on the implementation of DT in the maintenance of civil engineering structures.

Survey on blockchain‐based non‐fungible tokens: History, technologies, standards, and open challenges

AbstractThis paper presents a survey of non‐fungible tokens (NFTs), including its history, technologies, standards, and challenges in their development. An NFT is a unique digital entity that is created and maintained using blockchain technology. Each NFT is identified using a unique smart contract and a token ID, so the whole history of the NFT can be globally identified by its address and token ID. The blockchain information indelibly identifies the current owner of any asset, previous owners, and original creator. NFTs are used to manage ownership of digital and physical assets and cryptocurrencies. The prices of popular NFTs have become very high, and the market for them has overheated in recent years. NFT technology and its ecosystem have evolved since Quantum, the first NFT, was stored in the Namecoin blockchain. Ethereum has become the main platform for NFT projects because it provides support for smart contracts. Currently, almost all NFT projects are launched on the Ethereum blockchain. NFT has two major standards called ERC‐721 and ERC‐1155, which have had important functions in the development of NFT. Starting with these two standards, other standards for NFT continue to emerge; they expand the functionality of NFT such as by adding utility. However, NFT is a very early technology, and it has not been long after the NFT concept was created and used. So there are several challenges for further improving NFT technology, in terms of usability, interoperability, and evolution. This paper presents a survey of NFT, including its history, technologies, standards, and challenges of NFT.

DTAIS: Distributed trusted active identity resolution systems for the Industrial Internet

In recent years, the Industrial Internet and Industry 4.0 came into being. With the development of modern industrial intelligent manufacturing technology, digital twins, Web3 and many other digital entity applications are also proposed. These applications apply architectures such as distributed learning, resource sharing, and arithmetic trading, which make high demands on identity authentication, asset authentication, resource addressing, and service location. Therefore, an efficient, secure, and trustworthy Industrial Internet identity resolution system is needed. However, most of the traditional identity resolution systems follow DNS architecture or tree structure, which has the risk of a single point of failure and DDoS attack. And they cannot guarantee the security and privacy of digital identity, personal assets, and device information. So we consider a decentralized approach for identity management, identity authentication, and asset verification. In this paper, we propose a distributed trusted active identity resolution system based on the inter-planetary file system (IPFS) and non-fungible token (NFT), which can provide distributed identity resolution services. And we have designed the system architecture, identity service process, load balancing strategy and smart contract service. In addition, we use Jmeter to verify the performance of the system, and the results show that the system has good high concurrent performance and robustness.

Digital systematization of the Reconstruction and assessment methodology of the Architectural Design Process

The Reconstruction and Assessment Methodology of the Architectural Design Process (RAM-ADP) extrapolates that used in the doctoral thesis on the Jesús Maestro de Valencia Parish Group to the study of other architectural projects. The RAM-ADP can evolve by being systematically implemented by an open access hybrid digital entity as a research network and institutional repository (RN-IR), which would allow numerous symbiotic relationships between documentation centres, researchers and universities, whose consequence it would be the constitution of a body of knowledge of the design process, more grounded, supplementary to the existing one, and compatible with any style of architectural critical research.

Touchable pixels: Examining the affordance effect between an on-screen object and a user-elicited gesture on the touchscreen

Touching a smartphone screen is one of the most frequent activities in our everyday life. These touch gestures have recently been investigated under the user-centered approach, which collects gestures proposed by end-users. Despite its advantages in cognitive and behavioral performance, these gestural studies neglect the effect of visual properties of interface objects, i.e., digital affordances. This study aims to explore the effect of digital affordances on the screen through two sequential studies. In the preliminary study, an online questionnaire and interview were conducted to investigate user-defined gestures. Twenty participants responded to the survey to select the most appropriate gesture in the combination between four functions and five gestures for eight stimuli manipulated in several visual properties. The collected gestures for each function were statistically compared in terms of visual properties. In the main study, a behavioral experiment was conducted to examine the object-based correspondence effect. Twenty-six participants executed real touch gestures on the eight stimuli, and the gestural response time was collected to compare corresponding and non-corresponding conditions between gestures and stimuli. The results of both the preliminary and main studies indicated significant effects of visual properties in gesture execution. We concluded that digital affordance exists on the touchscreen; furthermore, it has unique characteristics grounded on the hybrid materiality of a digital environment consisting of both hardware and software. The new findings on digital affordance can be summarized as 1) a digital entity is perceived as freely manipulable regardless of physical laws, 2) a visuo-perceptible entity can be only perceptually constrained by other visual obstacles, and 3) the gestural priority depends on the embodied direction inherent in particular content. This study contributes theoretically to a better understanding of digital affordance and practically designing touch gestures based on the characteristics of affordances on the screen.

Negotiating digital public spaces: context, purpose and audiences

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to investigate digital public spaces and audiences and to explore the relationship of digital public spaces to both ideas of nationhood and physical public institutions.Design/methodology/approachThe article investigates tensions arising from the conjuncture of public spaces and digital culture through the lens of the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA). This research uses qualitative content analysis of a range of data sources including semi-structured interviews, primary texts and secondary texts.FindingsThe construction of the public library space as a digital entity does not attract anticipated audiences. Additionally, the national framing of the DPLA is not compatible with how audiences engage with digital public spaces.Originality/valueDrawing on original, qualitative data, this article engages with the prevalent but undertheorized concept of digital public spaces. The article addresses unreflexive uses of the digital public and the assumptions connected to the imagined audiences for platforms like the DPLA.

Conceiving a Digital Twin for a Flexible Manufacturing System

Digitization and virtualization represent key factors in the era of Industry 4.0. Digital twins (DT) can certainly contribute to increasing the efficiency of various productive sectors as they can contribute to monitoring, managing, and improvement of a product or process throughout its life cycle. Although several works deal with DTs, there are gaps regarding the use of this technology when a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is used. Existing work, for the most part, is concerned with simulating the progress of manufacturing without providing key production data in real-time. Still, most of the solutions presented in the literature are relatively expensive and may be difficult to implement in most companies, due to their complexity. In this work, the digital twin of an FMS is conceived. The specific module of an ERP (Enterprise Resources Planning) system is used to digitize the physical entity. Production data is entered according to tryouts performed in the FMS. Sensors installed in the main components of the FMS, CNC (computer numerical control) lathe, robotic arm, and pallet conveyor send information in real-time to the digital entity. The results show that simulations using the digital twin present very satisfactory results compared to the physical entity. In time, information such as production rate, queue management, feedstock, equipment, and pallet status can be easily accessed by operators and managers at any time during the production process, confirming the MES (manufacture execution system) efficiency. The low-cost hardware and software used in this work showed its feasibility. The DT created represents the initial step towards designing a metaverse solution for the manufacturing unit in question, which should operate in the near future as a smart and autonomous factory model.

Study on city digital twin technologies for sustainable smart city design: A review and bibliometric analysis of geographic information system and building information modeling integration

• Analyzes the future research trend of GIS and BIM integration through literature review. • GIS and BIM integration has been the basic technology to realize smart cities. • Future research should focus on smart city and urban rail transportation. Geographic information system (GIS) data provide geospatial data on cities and spatial analysis functions that are essential for urban design. Building information modeling (BIM) includes a digital entity of construction, a passive presentation of micro-digital information on real entities, and an active application of models in the entire life cycle realization of the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. A combination of these technologies could provide a core technology for the urban digital twin to support sustainable smart city design. Through an insightful literature review, this paper summarizes the different disciplinary classifications of GIS and BIM functional integration, distills the value of data, and discusses the ontology-based data integration approach that GIS and BIM should take in the future to conduct research on integration applications in smart cities. To verify this view, keyword analysis, co-country analysis, and co-citation and coupling analyses are conducted using CiteSpace. GIS and BIM integration has attracted much attention. However, a professional disconnect and fragmented composition pose challenges in the field of GIS and BIM integration. Future research should focus on smart city planning, updating, management; ontology-based GIS and BIM data integration platform; and operation; and the collaborative management of urban rail transportation engineering.

An Investigation into Digital Strategic Entrepreneurship by a pair of Family Business Groups

How do established firms entrepreneurially leverage digital technologies for strategic renewal is an important scholarly question. This paper examines strategic entrepreneurship by two of the largest family business groups in India that have been undertaking many strategic entrepreneurial initiatives to leverage a suite of digital technologies to fundamentally reposition themselves in the emerging digital economy. It underscores strategic entrepreneurship as the primary means to achieve digital technology driven strategic renewal. It is observed that when an established firm undertakes digital strategic entrepreneurship, the strategic leadership of the firm has to simultaneously deal with two dominant logics, one rooted in legacy and the other embedded in emerging digital entity. A business group structure helps in dealing with simultaneous exploration and exploitation more effectively. The study advances a set of novel propositions on the entrepreneurial strategies of established firms that leverage digital technologies to undertake strategic entrepreneurship and contributes to the literatures of strategic entrepreneurship, digital entrepreneurship, strategic leadership and strategic renewal.

Digital Twin-Driven Crack Monitoring for Rotating Blade: An L1 regularization Method

Abstract Crack-related damage of rotating blade is one of the most common failures of aeroengines. However, conventional blade crack monitoring methods are challenging to obtain the exact location and severity of the crack. In this study, a digital twin-driven blade crack monitoring method using the L1 regularization and sensitivity-based model updating is proposed to quantify the location and severity of crack damage for rotating blade. First and foremost, a digital twin model framework for rotating blade is established, including physical entity, digital entity, and the connection between them. Then a digital entity based on finite element model and an L1 regularized objective function based on the residual of natural frequencies are constructed, where the damage parameter of crack could be obtained by using the sensitivity-based model updating technology, hereby the location and severity of crack could be determined. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out, which verify that the proposed method is capable of accurately identifying the location and severity of crack, and could provide a reference for further research in this field.

국내 디지털 트윈 연구동향 조사 및 분석

With the advent of the 4th industrial revolution, digital twin technology is in the spotlight. Cases of digital twin creation based on the latest information and communication technologies are being actively reported by advanced countries and global companies. However, sometimes the unclear definition of digital twin confuses readers. Kritzinger et al. classified terms and concepts into Digital Model (DM), Digital Shadow (DS), and Digital Twin (DT) depending on whether the data flow between the physical entity and the digital entity is automatic or manual. This paper examines Korean papers searched for digital twin and manufacturing keywords in Google Scholar for 3 years and analyzes them by dividing the level of building digital twin by DM, DS, and DT. Based on the results, this paper discusses the direction of digital twin creation.

Metadata for digital resources in the institutional repositories for electronic theses and dissertations

Abstract: Maintaining a library of essential digital elements requires preserving metadata about those resources, and metadata is extremely necessary for the successful management of any digital entity, and digital resources are more comprehensive and differ from the metadata used to manage print business collections and other physical materials. Institutions create metadata standards or metadata schemes for the purpose of organizing and managing their digital collections and resources of theses and digital presentations that are interoperable, and compatible with their needs, and the distinctive characteristics of their digital resources from electronic theses and dissertations, and in this study we present what is metadata, interoperability of all kinds The various digital theses and dissertations standard, with the metadata standard for the interoperability of theses and e-theses, standards for metadata collection, metadata tables and methods for their implementation, and we stamp with text, image and video file formats, and other formats used in electronic theses and dissertations.

'How to do': digital-interactive-interpretation course for stress echocardiography.

To improve stress echocardiography interpretation standards, we introduced a structured 5-day interpretation course in 2017. In order to deliver the course during the world-wide pandemic, we transformed the existing boardroom style, workstation-based, interactive course into a cloud-based digital entity maintaining the same features. On completion of 6 lectures via live webinars, 15 participants performed, fully GDPR compliant, 80 recorded case analysis using a web-based reporting system over the course of 5 days. After self-reporting and generating preliminary reports the joint case review with the faculty, resulted in finalization of the reports and provided individual feedback for the participants. By the 5th day, participants had collected 80 reports for their e-logbook and were ready to sit the digital interpretation exam. Eighty-eight percent of participants passed the e-exam and received a certificate of completion with 15 re-accreditation and 30 CPD points by the British Society of Echocardiography and Federation of the Royal Colleges of Physicians, UK, respectively. The feedback by the participants was praising the pre-course provision of lectures and digital aids, the conduct of the course by the faculty and the technical support with an average score of 4.7 for each, on a scale from 1 to 5. Our experience proved that interactive, multi-day; hands-on reporting course can be delivered using the digital platform. Online interpretation courses have great potential to improve the competency of imaging specialists. This digital teaching model could be suitable in other imaging-based training courses like cardiac CT and MRI.

Material Traces of a Religious Trial

In 1991, a private house in Graz was sold. The owner asked her son and his wife to lend a hand in clearing the attic of the small house, a typical construction of the 1930s which was built by the owner’s grandfather. Amongst piles of broken furniture, obsolete tableware, old books and rubble, all covered in layers of dust, the couple found a plastic bag containing about 70 sheets of paper, most of it damaged, most of it in unreadable handwriting. Yet the date written on some of them aroused their interest: to a large extent the years mentioned belonged to the 17th century. The material aspect of this lot is of special interest. On the one hand, the analog medium of pen and paper has been subject to various destructive factors and information originally contained in the documents is irrecoverable; and, of course, the find is obviously incomplete. On the other hand though, the medium provides dimensions of the human beings who produced it in various respects a digital entity could never provide, each of which contribute to the not only interesting but also deeply touching stories that unwind in the 136 pages. One of these stories provides a perfect example for this setting: The case of Ludwig Teschler, a handcrafter who was accused of using witchcraft. He was also tried and sentenced – with a surprising verdict.