Digital Display Device Research Articles

Dry eye in primary care: the relationship between digital display device usage and dry eye syndrome (DES) in medical students.

As digital display devices become more and more indispensable, associated health problems have started to increase. We aimed to investigate the frequency and relationship of digital display device usage behaviours and dry eye syndrome (DES) in medical students. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on medical school students who voluntarily participated in our study online, about the duration and variety of their digital screen use, usage patterns, and protective measures, together with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Where necessary, the Schirmer-I, tear break-up time, and fluorescein staining tests were carried out. Of the 255 participants, 75.3% (n = 192) were female, 63.1% (n = 161) had no refractive vision defects, and 45.9% used smartphones for more than 5 h a day. According to the OSDI scores for DES screening, only 36.1% of the participants were normal, 17.3% had mild DES, 20.4% had moderate DES, and 26.3% had severe DES. A positive correlation was found between digital display usage time in hours per day and a high OSDI score. As the distance between the eye and the screen decreased, the DES score increased, which is significant for computer, e-book, and tablet use (P < 0.005). The DES rate of the 25 participants who underwent further evaluation was 40% for the tear break-up time test and 52% for the fluorescein staining test. The high prevalence of DES due to digital screen use among medical school students highlights the importance of DES screening as a preventive measure in family medicine.

The impact of the first United Kingdom COVID-19 lockdown on environmental air pollution, digital display device use and ocular surface disease symptomatology amongst shielding patients

Worldwide lockdown reduced air pollution during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The relationship between exposure to ambient air pollution, digital display device use and dry eye symptoms amongst patients with severe ocular surface disease (OSD) were considered. Symptoms and air pollutant concentrations for three different time periods (pre, during and post COVID-19 lockdown) were analysed in 35 OSD patients who achieved an immunosuppression risk-stratification score > 3 fulfilling the UK Government criteria for 12-week shielding. OSDI symptoms questionnaire, residential postcode air pollution data obtained from the Defra Automated Urban and Rural monitoring network for concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM) with diameters below 10 µm and 2.5 µm, and English Indices of Deprivation were analysed. Significant reductions in NO2 and NOx concentrations were observed between pre- and during-lockdown periods, followed by a reversal in the post-lockdown period. Changes were linked to the Living Environment outdoor decile. A 12% increase (p = 0.381) in symptomatology during-lockdown was observed that reversed post-lockdown by 19% (p = 0.144). OSDI scores were significantly correlated with hours spent on digital devices (r2 = 0.243) but not with air pollutant concentrations. Lockdown measures reduced ambient air pollutants whilst OSD symptomatology persisted. Environmental factors such as increased time indoors and use of bluescreen digital devices may have partly played a role.

Bright Stretchable White Alternating‐Current Electroluminescent Devices Enabled by Photoluminescent Phosphor

AbstractAlternating current‐driven electroluminescent (ACEL) devices have recently emerged as a potential candidate for next‐generation smart lighting, stretchable displays, and wearable electronics. Herein, a simple and efficient method is developed to fabricate high brightness, chromatic‐stable, and stretchable white ACEL devices through doping wide‐spectrum yellow photoluminescent phosphor into blue electroluminescent emissive layer. By tuning the ratio of electroluminescent to photoluminescent phosphors in the emissive layer, the optimized device achieved a maximum brightness of 3150 cd m−2 for white emission with Commison Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.28, 0.34), and manifested a more stable chromaticity than traditional ACEL devices. Moreover, a digital display and stretchable white ACEL device (with a tensile strain of 150%) are demonstrated to show the generality of this approach. The high brightness white ACEL devices proposed in this work offer a simplified architecture with facile fabrication process and large‐area compatibility, which may find broad range of applications in wearable optoelectronics.

Development of a machine tool auxiliary machining system based on android phone

This paper presents an Android-based system for assisting manual machine tool machining. We developed some programs used on the PC for reading data from DXF (Drawing Exchange Format) files with C# language. These programs extracted the data from DXF files, formed custom EXF files and uploaded these files to the file server. The EXF format files were used as data source for an Android application. This application got files from the file server and displayed two dimensional engineering drawings by using OpenGL ES. Meanwhile, it was connected with the digital display device of the grating scale through Bluetooth in order to realize the real-time tracking of tool path and improve machining efficiency. Experiments proved this system can accurately display coordinates of the tool in real time and improve machining efficiency.

Improved edge-directed super resolution

Super resolution is necessary when the resolution of an image is lower than the screen resolution of a digital display device. Usually, interpolation operation is used in the image super-resolution process. However, the existing image interpolation methods suffer blurring problems in edge regions, so it is hard to produce sharp and clear visual effects. In this paper, we propose an improved edge-directed super resolution, which keeps the edges sharp and provides good image quality. We first check whether there is an edge or not and then an interpolation method is selected according to the existence and the direction of an edge. Experimental results demonstrate that good image quality can be achieved.

Design and Implementation of Underground Locomotive Collision Avoidance System

combined with the characteristics of the current market a variety of vehicle anti-collision device, design a kind of mine intelligent motor vehicle collision avoidance system. The device has the microcomputer real-time control and data processing functions, combined with ultrasonic ranging technology, sensor technology, distance and motor car speed front obstacle detection of motor vehicle operation object and the motor vehicle, display the distance through the digital display device, and is composed of a sound circuit according to the distance warning sound. So as to achieve the active prevention of downhole safety accident and reduce downhole accidents in essence.

모바일 장치와 공용 디스플레이 장치를 포함하는 환경에서 사용자의 특성에 기반한 Adaptive UI 설계 방안

The one of the most meaningful change in the recent ubiquitous environment is the omnipresence of public digital display device for providing ubiquitous information. It is the important issue to provide publicity as well as adaptive information to each user in the field of the public digital display device. This research proposes the idea ensuring fast response speed by the selection of user preference function. The preference function is selected by statistics using Zipf distribution in the system comprising mobile device and digital display device based on NFC (Near Field Communication). The idea is proved by CPM-GOMS model and the improvement of user response can be achieved.

Double-Side Digital Display Devices Based on the Solid-State Electrochromic Effect of the Amorphous WO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Thin Films

A double-side digital display device has been fabricated based on the solid-state electrochromic effect of amorphous WO3 thin film in this article. The device simply consists of a transparent anode, a transparent cathode, an amorphous WO3 thin film and a solid electrolyte. The transparent electric wiring has been achieved by the electrochemical corrosion of the designed region of ITO (indium tin oxide) film. The amorphous WO3 thin film as an electrochromic layer is prepared on the ITO film by thermal evaporation deposition. The complex of polyethylene and LiClO4 as a solid electrolyte is used in the devices. This double-side digital display can work well under the normal mobile phone battery of 3.7 V, which is compatible with the traditional driven circuit technology. Our results prove the potential application of the amorphous WO3 thin film on the double-side display devices.

Design for Digital Display Device and the Function of Control of Concrete Truck-Mixer Drum

The paper discusses the principles and shortcomings of the concrete mixer truck’s hydraulic control mechanism. The stepper motor technology controlled by the electrical impulses is used to develop a new digital display control device, and determine design principle and implementation process of the electronic control part. At the same time, it develops control device’s digital display mechanism and wireless remote control devices. At last, it compares the performance advantages and disadvantages between the traditional mechanical control handler and the digital display remote controller according to the engineering practice.

The Research of Conical Bore Diameter Measuring Method and Tool Based on Incomplete Iron Hinges

It is difficult to measuring conical bore edge sizes (especially big-end)because of its special structure , so the paper put forward a measuring method and a measuring tool based on imaginary crossing point which measure by transforming the point-contact between foot rulers measuring plane and conical bore end plane into imaginary crossing point and installed digital display device . It can measure the conical bore edge sizes directly in field-working and read the value with digital display device directly and used convenience .Its structure is simple and has certain practical value.

Teaching and learning with a visualiser in the primary classroom: modelling graph‐making

This paper examines the technological affordances of the visualiser, and what teachers actually do with it in the primary (elementary) classroom, followed by an investigation into one example of teaching and learning with this whole‐class technology. A visualiser is a digital display device. Connected to a data projector, whatever is in view of the camera is magnified in real time on the screen – be it a page from a book, an object, a living thing, or actions on and gestures around it. Used as a site for interaction with the class, a site for observation, a site for information, a site for modelling, a site for guided investigation and a site for assessment, scale directs attention to the screen display, whilst disconnection of the user’s body compels students to make decisions about where to look when. Modelling (or demonstration) is a common pedagogic practice. Showing a class of 9‐ and 10‐year‐olds how to transform numerical values into a bar graph on the visualiser entailed multimodal ensembles of inscription, gesture and speech. Students’ subsequent production of bar graphs was framed by imperatives and choices, to which they responded agentively. The ways in which teachers use the visualiser in their classroom practices has implications for mediation and communication in the classroom, and hence for pedagogy and learning.

Digital metering device with light-guide optics

Considerable success has been achieved at present in the application of light-guide fibers in the field of science and technology. The application of light-guide fibers is particularly promising in information-measuring and computer techniques. One of the basic requirements specified for computing systems with digital metering consists of the case of reading the results of computations and measurements. In this respect, the most promising digital metering devices reproduce their computed (measured) results directly in the form of a group of figures displayed "in line" on a luminous panel [1]. Existing digital metering mechanisms with a linear display are made in the form of mechanical or electrooptical devices (stroboscopic, projection, multielement with incandescent and neon lamps, luminescent and mosaic devices, as well as devices with transparent plates illuminated at their ends, figure-indicating lamps, etc.). These devices have such drawbacks as complicated structures, utilization of moving elements, insufficient brightness, or reproduction of figures with generally accepted configurations, the necessity of using auxiliary decoding circuits, limited angular vision in obtaining readings, cumbersome construction, large size, etc. [2,8]. The digital display device made from light-guide fibers uses a simple code, does not require decoding circuits, and provides figures with a generally accepted outline and the possibility of reading them rapidly and conveniently at considerable distances within a wide angle of vision. The figures have an adequate definition and brightness, and the device is economical to run and has a long life. The principle of operation of a digital display device made from light-guide fibers is illustrated in the figure. Digits of a given order from 0 to 9 are located in a rectangle of width B and height H, so that the outtine of each of them is reproduced by luminous lines which consist of the ends of illuminated fibers placed in a strictly de