Life Difficulties Research Articles

Psychological features of the development of adolescent resilience

The article presents the results of both theoretical analysis and empirical research of the psychological features of the development of adolescent resilience. It has been established that resilience is a dynamic phenomenon that plays a key role in a person's ability to effectively cope with stress, life challenges, maintain mental health and ensure personal development. The close connection of resilience with the concept of post-traumatic growth is emphasized thus revealing the individual's potential for positive transformation and enrichment of internal resources after experiencing a traumatic experience. Two main approaches to the essence of resilience are defined. It was found that resilience has a multifactorial nature and depends on interacting individual, family and social factors. Resilience is analyzed as a leading personal trait that determines the success of adolescents' adaptation to life under martial law. The key characteristics of adolescent resilience are: confidence in one's own abilities, adaptive personality traits at this age, positive experience in solving life's difficulties, adequate self-esteem, emotional and behavioral self-regulation, a sufficient level of intellectual development, self-organization and time planning skills, and orientation towards achieving goals. The results of the empirical research on the resilience of adolescents indicate the presence of a significant part of adolescents with average and above average levels of resilience and hadiness, activity and optimism that are important resources for effectively overcoming life's challenges. The presence of a risk group with a lower than average level of resilience, a low level of hardiness indicates the need to develop and implement psychological interventions aimed at developing adolescent resilience. The urgency of developing training programs for the development of adolescent resilience using flexible methods of influence and the latest techniques is emphasized

Current insights into lower limb prostheses: Brazilian users’ perceptions on the (Re)construction of body image and identity

Purpose This study aims to investigate the (re)construction of body image and identity among Brazilian individuals using orthopedic prostheses from a phenomenological perspective. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study involved 16 lower-limb orthopedic prosthesis users, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Findings Thematic analysis, grounded in phenomenology, identified two superordinate themes: 1) Representativeness of the orthopedic prosthesis, and 2) Considerations regarding prosthesis use. These themes were further divided into subordinate themes: the first into “The prosthesis as part of me,” “What the prosthesis provides me,” and “It means everything to me”; the second into “Feelings about prosthesis use,” “Difficulties in daily life,” and “The gaze of others.” Originality/value According to orthopedic prosthesis users, their experiences and narratives reveal that prostheses play a key role in reconstructing body image and shaping identity. Initially, many participants viewed the prosthesis as merely a replacement for the lost limb, but over time, especially with prolonged use, it became more deeply integrated into their sense of self, fostering a stronger emotional connection. Prostheses were found to offer both functional and emotional benefits, enhancing users’ independence, self-esteem and sense of normalcy. However, despite these positive aspects, participants reported ongoing challenges, including difficulties in adapting to the device and limitations in functional mobility. Additionally, the study revealed that, despite societal progress, individuals with amputations continue to experience judgment and stigma, often reflected in the gaze of others.

A WOMAN UNITED WITH THE SACRIFICE OF CHRIST – BLESSED KLEMENSA STASZEWSKA OSU (1890–1943)

The aim of this article is to examine the charism of Blessed Klemensa Staszewska, with which she was endowed by God, and its relevance to all believers. The sources of this study are her “spiritual notes”, written at the instruction of her spiritual director, and her letters. The first stage of the study examines how Blessed Klemensa, accepting her Ursuline vocation, experienced the desire for a spousal bond with Jesus and to give to Him alone all that she is and all that she possesses. In the second part of the article, a study is carried out on the spiritual desire expressed by Blessed Klemensa in her plan of life, written on the day of her perpetual vows to unite herself to the Sacrifice of Christ and to His intentions and the inner disposition with which He offered Himself on the Cross. Here it was important to examine how Blessed Klemensa experienced all the tribulations and difficulties of life in union with Jesus. This dimension of her spiritual life can be regarded as prophetic for both consecrated and lay persons, because it concerns the universal priesthood resulting from baptismal consecration, which seems to be underestimated in Christian spirituality today. In the fourth and final part of the article, it is shown how Blessed Klemensa combined a deep spiritual life with her ministry of caring for children and the formation of young people. She maintained this life amidst her duties and responsibility for the Ursuline community throughout the hardships of World War II and when, after helping with heroic courage those sought by the Gestapo, she endured the cruelty of the concentration camp.

PREVALÊNCIA DOS SINTOMAS DO TDAH EM CRIANÇAS COM BAIXO RENDIMENTO ESCOLAR SUBMETIDAS AO P.A.P.E. NO ANO 2022 EM PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE

Specific learning disorder impairs the brain's ability to process information, affecting around 30-40% of students. These disorders represent 35-45% of mental health visits and 35% of visits to pediatricians. In 2018, Presidente Prudente/SP launched the Specialized Pedagogical Support Program (PAPE) to offer support to students with learning difficulties in the Municipal Network. The study, including 136 students evaluated by MTA-SNAP IV, revealed that ADHD and ODD are common in the school age group, especially in elementary school and more frequent among boys, with inattention being the main characteristic. The research highlighted the effectiveness of the questionnaire in improving intervention and support methods, improving students' quality of life and academic performance. Greater involvement of the Municipal Health Department is recommended to enhance children's care and learning, preventing future problems such as school dropout and difficulties in adult life.

NCOG-06. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SOCIAL DISABILITY IN THE CHRONIC POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOMAS

Abstract BACKGROUND Patients with low-grade gliomas may have no obvious problems during hospitalization or their initial return to social life; however, social life difficulties may gradually become more apparent long after the surgery. We investigated factors associated with social disabilities in patients with low-grade gliomas in the postoperative chronic phase. METHODS The study included 114 patients with WHO grade 2 or 3 gliomas who underwent surgery (mean age, 44.3±13.2 years). Seventy-six patients underwent an initial surgery and 38 underwent a second surgery. All patients underwent various brain functional assessments and interviews about their social lives over 1 year after the surgery (median, 23 months). Factors associated with social disabilities were determined using logistic multiple regression analysis and chi-square tests. Voxel-based lesion symptom mapping was used to examine the brain regions associated with social disabilities. RESULTS Social disabilities were observed in 12.3% of the patients. Factors associated with social disabilities were the number of surgeries (first vs. second, p=0.0052) and tumor location (left vs. right, p=0.0091). Patients with recurrence and right cerebral hemispheric lesions had a higher probability of social disability (42.1%, p<0.0001) than that of other patients. The reasons for social disability after right hemispheric recurrence were social behavior disorder (62.5%) and neuropsychological dysfunctions (37.5%). Social behavioral disorders include interpersonal problems, such as job switching owing to problems with others, poor interpersonal relationships, and sexually deviant behavior. No other apparent neuropsychological abnormalities were found in patients with social behavior disorders. Surgical resection of the deep part of the right prefrontal area is associated with social behavior disorders and right supplementary motor cortex resection is associated with neuropsychological disorders. CONCLUSION In lower grade glioma, patients with right hemispheric recurrence were more likely to develop social disabilities in the chronic phase, which was caused by social behavioral disorders and neuropsychological dysfunctions.

Humans and Education in Islam: Optimising Multidimensional Potential for a Cultured and Productive Society

The research aims to analyze humans and education in Islam. The qualitative research method, the type of library research that is explored, is sourced from the library. The author uses a content analysis approach model (research content). This research is an in-depth discussion of the content of written or printed information in the mass media. Data analysis was carried out through content analysis, including all content analysis of the Al-Qur'an text and books related to human themes and education in Islam. The research results show that (1) Humans are multi-dimensional creatures with perception, sensation, and intellectual powers. Human potential is actualized in the form of creative works. (2) Humans are expressed in terms of basyar and insan. Basyar refers to their physical appearance, while insan refers to their psychological qualities, namely the power of feeling and the power of reasoning. (3) Humans and education are two elements that cannot be separated because humans, with all their potential, can be empowered through education and training. Education is an essential part of human life. With education, humans can actualize themselves in the form of work, which is manifested in science, art, and culture. This work is a human effort to overcome the difficulties of life.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Pediatric Practice.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is prevalent among pediatric population, adolescent and young adults. Patients with ACD experience a lot of sociopsychological and qualityof- life (QoL) difficulties. Children and their caregivers alike are vulnerable to the burden of ACD. We have, in this paper, provided an overview of ACD and discussed common and unusual causes of ACD. We performed an up-to-date literature review in the English language on "allergic contact dermatitis" via PubMed Clinical Queries, using the keywords "allergic contact dermatitis" in August 2022. The search included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, casecontrol studies, cohort studies, observational studies, clinical guidelines, case series, case reports, and reviews. The search was restricted to English literature and children. ACD may be acute or chronic and it affects more than 20% of children and adults with significant quality-of-life impairments. ACD is manifested by varying degrees of cutaneous edema, vesiculation, and erythema. The hypersensitivity reaction is one of the most prevalent forms of immunotoxicity in humans. Localized acute ACD lesions can be managed with high-potency topical steroids; if ACD is severe or extensive, systemic corticosteroid therapy is often required to provide relief within 24 hours. In patients with more severe dermatitis, oral prednisone should be tapered over 2-3 weeks. Rapid discontinuation of corticosteroids can result in rebound dermatitis. Patch testing should be performed if treatment fails and the specific allergen or diagnosis remains unknown. ACD is common and can be a physically, psychologically, and economically burdensome disease. Diagnosis of ACD is primarily based on history (exposure to an allergen) and physical examination (morphology and location of the eruption). Skin patch test can help determine the causative allergen. Allergen avoidance is the cornerstone of management. Topical mid- or highpotency corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for lesions on less than 20% of the body area. Severe cases of ACD may require treatment with systemic corticosteroids.

The effects of the paramedics’ field work on their mental status in Jeddah

ABSTRACT Background: Paramedics are continuously exposed to stressful events, making them liable to mental disorders. This study assesses the health of paramedics in Jeddah, focusing on their mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Methods: This cross-sectional study included fieldwork paramedics in Jeddah through an online survey distributed on social media. With a response rate of 86.09%, 192 complete responses were analyzed. Outcomes included mental health, mood and somatic effect, self-esteem, and sleep. Results: Most participants were males (83.85%), married (50%), non-heavy smokers (51.04%), and non-alcohol drinkers (51.04%). A significant number reported health-related work or daily life difficulties, with 62.5%–67.18% attributing these to physical and emotional issues, respectively. Over half rated their mental health as poor or somewhat poor, impacting their relationships significantly. Additionally, 70.31% frequently felt anger, and many faced limitations in physical activities. About 14.58% had a prior mental illness diagnosis, with nearly a quarter on medication, and 61.98% had recently sought psychiatric help. Sleep deprivation affected 61.98%, with 38.53% reporting poor sleep quality. Conclusions: The findings highlight the negative impact on paramedics’ mental health, showing a substantial diagnosis rate of mental disorders, activity limitations, negative mood, and relationship issues. Despite significant sleep problems, a positive aspect is their proactive psychiatric help-seeking behavior.

Geometry: An innate ability that nevertheless makes it difficult for students worldwide

The importance of geometry has been highlighted since antiquity. Studies show that we have geometric knowledge from infancy age. Some geometric skills are innate and are not taught in school. However, cultivating them can be achieved in many ways at a very young age and has positive academic results in the future. Unfortunately, nowadays students do not show the necessary interest in the subject and as a result they have not developed their geometric thinking and encounter difficulties both in everyday life and at school.

MENEMUKAN IMAN DALAM KETIDAKPASTIAN: REFLEKSI TEOLOGIS BERDASARKAN KITAB HABAKUK

This paper is organized to find faith in uncertainty through theological reflection based on the book of Habakkuk. Habakkuk is a prophet of God in the Old Testament who experienced a difficult time amid King Jehoiakim's reign. The difficulties of life and injustice that occurred during the time of King Jehoiakim made the prophet Habakkuk constantly pray and put his faith in God. This steadfastness of faith needs to be emulated by believers. The modern age in which believers live often brings various challenges, such as the relativism of absolute truth and identity crisis. As a believer living in modern times, I believe that imitating Habakkuk can be done to achieve faith resilience. By having faith resilience as a result of imitating Habakkuk, believers can get through difficult times through their faith. Believers' faith will be trained amid life's uncertainties. Through descriptive qualitative research methods, the author tries to narrate the discovery of faith amid uncertain conditions through theological reflection based on the book of Habakkuk. The author states that the theological reflection of the book of Habakkuk brings believers to have faith that even amid uncertainty, God still answers prayer.

Six Basic Rules of Palliative Care and Their Buddhist Counterparts.

As healthcare workers in palliative care, every day brings its share of awfulness and beauty, suffering and connection, meaning and cynicism. Without a way to support ourselves, we cannot help our patients, let alone one another. But how do we cope? Despite the unpredictability inherent in our work, we can discern certain patterns that offer an approach for dealing with these stressors. These patterns can be summarized into six simple rules of palliative care-rules that are coterminous with the teachings of Buddhism. Recognizing the synergy between our role in palliative care and ancient observations about dealing with life's difficulties can help us with the stress of providing conscientious care within a system that relentlessly tries to stop us from doing so. Such considerations offer one of many paths we might choose to cope with this challenging work.

Association between working memory performance and parent and teacher ratings of working memory in 11-year-old children born preterm

ABSTRACT Working memory (WM) difficulties are often observed in children born preterm. We examined whether performance-based measures of WM components are associated with parent- and teacher-rated WM difficulties in the everyday life of children born very preterm and/or at very low birth weight (VPT/VLBW) at 11 years (n = 165). The WM components as defined in the original Baddeley’s model – phonological loop (PL), visuospatial sketchpad (VS), and central executive (CE) – were assessed with tasks from the Working Memory Test Battery for Children (WMTB-C) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth edition (WISC-IV). Parents and teachers completed the WM subscale of the Behavioral Rating Inventory for Executive Functions (BRIEF). Measures of WM components were modestly associated with BRIEF scores, explaining 18.9% of the variance in parent-rated and 14.0% of teacher-rated WM difficulties. CE was the component most consistently associated with parent- and teacher-rated everyday WM. To conclude, our results suggest that tasks that utilize CE functions may best reflect WM outside of controlled test settings in the follow-up of VPT/VLBW children. However, performance and rating-scale measures provide unique information and are both needed to comprehensively assess WM skills.

Menstrual Cycle Management and Period Tracker App Use in Millennial and Generation Z Individuals: Mixed Methods Study.

Menstruation is a physical symptom that occurs in women of reproductive age. It has a significant impact on the daily life and health of women when their academic and social activities are most active. Since many women experience difficulties in daily life because of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea, it is important to identify, prepare for, and manage the menstrual cycle in advance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between menstruation-related experiences and the use of mobile-based period tracker apps by millennial and generation Z (gen Z) individuals. The objectives of this study are to investigate (1) menstrual cycle management, (2) factors affecting app usage (3) factors affecting cycle management, and (4) motivators and barriers to using period tracker apps, in millennial and gen Z women. A mixed methods design was used for this study. The participants were young women aged 20-39 years and recruited via the Ovey application. Data were collected through surveys and focus group interviews. The survey was conducted among 700 women, and 8 of them participated in the focus group interviews. In total, 431 (62.3%) participants used period tracker apps primarily to predict their next menstrual cycle. Factors affecting app usage included childbirth experience (odds ratio [OR] 0.475, P<.05), number of dysmenorrhea symptoms (OR 1.136, P<.05), and cycle management level (OR 2.279, P<.001). Additionally, education level (OR 1.122, P<.05 [university level compared high school level]) and the number of dysmenorrhea symptoms (OR 1.024, P<.05) showed a positive association with the cycle management level. However, childbirth experience (OR 0.902, P<.05) and period irregularity (OR 0.929, P<.001) were negatively associated with the cycle management level. Period tracker apps are becoming the new normal among millennials and gen Z individuals for managing their menstrual cycles. The use of a period tracker app empowers women by helping them gain a better understanding of their bodies, ultimately enhancing their social, academic, and health-related lives. Improving the accuracy and literacy of the app is an ongoing task for period-tracking apps, and it is important to provide added value tailored to users' needs. Therefore, the findings of this study should be considered when designing or upgrading period tracker apps to facilitate the adoption of digital technology among young women, thereby promoting their overall well-being and reproductive health.

An insurmountable obstacle: Experiences of Chinese women undergoing in vitro fertilization.

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of women who have undergone unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, and to explore how treatment failure has impacted their lives and relationships, thereby enabling the public to understand the unique experiences of these women. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with purposive sampling used to recruit participants from the gynecological department of a traditional Chinese medicine clinic at a large tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province. Twelve women undergoing IVF treatment was involved in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim. Conventional content analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Following analysis, three main categories emerged: 1) The Psychological Experience of Initial Miscarriage from IVF Treatment, 2) The Psychological Experience of Repeated Treatment Failure, and 3) Interpersonal experiences and challenges. Women experiencing initial failure from IVF treatment reported emotions such as surprise, doubt, sadness, disappointment, and embarrassment. They perceived the process as harder than expected, leading to unexpected daily life challenges and difficulties in achieving success. As unsuccessful attempts persisted, they endured psychological suffering and lived in the shadow of repeated treatment failures. Doubts, perplexity, and anxiety grew, making reproduction seem like an insurmountable obstacle in their lives. In their interpersonal experience, women often felt guilt toward family, faced social isolation, and found it challenging to discuss IVF openly everywhere. They encountered a lack of understanding from others but also found mutual sympathy and support among people who shared similar experiences. The study provided an insight into the suffering of Chinese women undergoing IVF treatment, highlighting the challenges of overcoming treatment failures. The findings not only inform Chinese infertile women considering IVF treatment but also contribute to the development of more effective support services by healthcare providers.

Afektinės būsenos savižudybės procese: patirtys ir formavimosi prielaidos

The emergence of affective states during the process of suicide is regarded as a serious indicator of suicide risk. This study aims to describe the experience of affective states characteristic of the suicide process and to raise assumptions about how these affective states develop over a person’s lifetime. A qualitative approach was employed in this study, with the objective of retrospectively exploring individuals’ life experiences through in-depth semistructured interviews. The research sample comprises 12 participants (4 men, 1 person with a nonbinary gender identity, and 7 women) who had attempted suicide no more than one year prior to the study and were receiving treatment at the Vilnius City Mental Health Centre at the time of data collection. Data were analysed using phenomenological interpretive analysis to identify recurring experiential patterns. The analysis revealed nine main experiential themes: some life difficulties experienced during the suicide process were not perceived as related to suicidality; repeated traumatic events provided a foundation for the formation of deep feelings of deficiency; a compensatory mechanism emerged to fill these feelings of deficiency; exhaustion developed from the effort to maintain this compensatory mechanism; the main trigger directly challenged the compensatory mechanism; an affective state followed the experience of the primary trigger; during the affective state, dissociation may help isolate psychological pain; suicidal thoughts during the affective state are experienced as arising automatically; and suicide is perceived as a means to end suffering. The findings of the study indicate that individuals’ narratives reveal a pattern of the formation of affective states characteristic of the suicide process. Through reflection, individuals are able to intuitively distinguish significant, distressing life events from those irrelevant to the suicide process and reconsider their experiences. This ability is a valuable resource for both intervention and postvention efforts.

Professional resilience of specialists in socionomic professions: a review of theoretical concepts and psychodiagnostics

The relevance of the problem of personal resilience in modern conditions is beyond doubt. This article analyzes and summarizes the concept of resilience as a necessary condition for ensuring human life. An overview of modern psychological research is presented, in which resilience is defined as an integrative characteristic of a personality responsible for its success in overcoming various life difficulties and problems. Attention is focused on the professional resilience of specialists in socionomic professions as an individual's ability tocomplex forms of psychological self-regulation that preserve internal balance, somatic health, and success in stressful situations. An overview of psychodiagnostic tools is presented, which allows to assess the level of resilience of specialists.

“Missed opportunity”: mental health and ethnographic fieldwork in Japan during the Covid-19 pandemic

The aim of this article is to explore how the relationship between ethnographic research and the mental health of its practitioners is represented in formal anthropological writing and methodological training. Drawing on my recent ethnographic research in Japan, I first reflect on my own mental health and the ways in which I coped with the challenges and difficulties in my professional and personal life since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. I then focus on how ethnographers’ mental health is treated in anthropology, in particular, and other social sciences in general. I find that the long-standing inclination of neglecting mental distress during and after fieldwork is beginning to change, with researchers, especially female anthropologists, beginning to point out the pitfalls of ethnography related to mental health. However, the issue remains highly stigmatized. Although fears exist that writing openly about the mental anguish experienced during fieldwork will affect future employment prospects. I think that it is necessary we examine them, as the emotions often continue to affect the lives of ethnographers even after leaving the field.

Daily Life Experiences of People with Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Qualitative Study

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of dementia and is associated with unique difficulties due to its characteristic symptoms. This study aimed to identify daily life changes experienced by people with DLB due to characteristic symptoms other than visual hallucinations. Semi-structured interviews and content analyses were conducted on 13 people with DLB and their 17 family members. Qualitative content analysis identified three categories of difficulties experienced by people with DLB in daily life: body discomfort, obstacles in daily life, and psychological pain. Participants experienced not only physical changes due to symptoms such as cognitive fluctuations, parkinsonism, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder but also psychological pain related to daily life difficulties. This suggests the need for care that appreciates the unique experiences of people with DLB and includes psychological care to develop appropriate individual coping strategies, rather than focusing solely on alleviating physical symptoms.

Difficulties in the Japanese-Language Life of Korean Newcomers: Based on the Life Story of Housewives

Difficulties in the Japanese-Language Life of Korean Newcomers: Based on the Life Story of Housewives

Принципы, условия и средства формирования компетентности правдоподобного рассуждения студентов-математиков педвуза

This article highlights the actual problem of modern education, aimed not only at transferring knowledge, but also at preparing students for life difficulties, adapting to changes and actively participating in the development of society. The approaches to the formation of the competence of plausible reasoning among students of mathematics at pedagogical universities, as well as the principles, conditions and means necessary for its development are considered. The purpose of the study is to analyze various methods and strategies that contribute to the development of the competence of plausible reasoning, and describe the basic principles, conditions and means to ensure its successful formation. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of the gradual formation of mental actions by P. Ya. Galperin, the theory of the development of thinking, as well as systematic and constructive approaches. These theories play an important role in shaping students' plausible reasoning, as they are directly related to cognitive activity. The article presents and analyzes the main approaches to the formation of competence of plausible reasoning, such as theoretical-semantic, inductive and analog, computational, constructive, problem-oriented, modeling and design, as well as provides examples of each of them. Special attention is paid to the use of open tasks as an important tool in the development of this competence. The article provides examples of the use of open problems for the formation of plausible reasoning competence in mathematics students, as well as describes the basic principles, conditions and means of its effective formation. As a result of the research, the importance of integrating various approaches into the educational process and the need for further study of methods for forming the competence of plausible reasoning is emphasized.