Different Varieties Of Peas Research Articles

Effect of Organic Mulches on Yield, Water Productivity and Economy of Garden Pea Cultivars

Mulching techniques that are adaptive and extremely successful may be able to reduce the detrimental impacts of crop production and water stress on different varieties of peas in a climate change scenario. Field experiment was carried out in the Umroi region of Meghalaya during the rabi season (2020–2021) for this reason. This study used a split-plot design with three organic mulches as the main plot treatment and four pea types as the sub-plot treatments, which was replicated three times. The field trial showed that paddy straw mulch significantly outperformed both weed mulch and no mulch in terms of green pod yield, water productivity, and benefit cost ratio, with values of 89.33, 54.14 kg ha-1 mm-1, and 3.16, respectively.VM 12 greatly topped other cultivars in terms of green pod yield, water productivity, and benefit-cost ratio (BCR), with values of 89.78 kg ha-1, 54.41 kg ha-1 mm-1 and 3.33, respectively. The investigation showed that the best alternative agronomic strategy for achieving the maximum yield output of garden pea was paddy straw mulch, followed by weed mulch and un-mulch.

Comprehensive analysis in the nutritional composition, phenolic species and in vitro antioxidant activities of different pea cultivars

In this study, ten pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties were compared in their nutrient composition, phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties and their diversity were deciphered by multivariate analysis of correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The ten pea cultivars are rich in nutrients with different contents in lipid (0.57 to 3.52%), dietary fiber (11.34 to 16.13%), soluble sugar (17.53 to 23.99%), protein (19.75 to 26.48%) and starch (32.56 to 48.57%). Through the UPLC-QTOF-MS and HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS analysis, the ethanol extracts of ten peas mainly included 12 kinds of phenolic substances and showed good antioxidant activities on the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). The phenolic content and protocatechuic acid showed a positive correlation with antioxidant capacity. All results provide theoretical basis for the development and rational application of different varieties of peas and their related products.

Comparison study of two different varieties of pea (Pisumsativum) crop under different quality of water

Agricultural practices are highly dependent on irrigation while the sustainability of agriculture is directly related to the quality of irrigation water. Industrial wastewater effluents used for agricultural practices due to decrease of water supplies in agroecosystems but unpromising effects on plants physical and chemical properties have been reported. Experiment was carried out to study the effect of textile industry effluent via measuring its different physicochemical properties along with trace heavy metals and also in order to assess its quality to be used being an alternate source of irrigation. The experiment was comprised of three treatments (T1= Canal water, T2= Treated water, T3 = Untreated water). The effects of irrigation water quality on two pea (Pisumsativum) crop varieties (Mateur and Pea09) yield were also significant. T3 produced the highest yield on Pea09 variety followed by T2 and T1 which produced the lowest yield as compared to Mateur variety, respectively. As the evaluated results, it can be used to develop future scenarios for optimization of the industrial treated wastewater for agriculture.

Evaluation of Different Varieties of Pea under AgroClimatic Conditions of Gilgit-Baltistan

Evaluation of Different Varieties of Pea under AgroClimatic Conditions of Gilgit-Baltistan

Quality Characteristics of Certain Promising Varieties/Genotypes of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2016 at Legume Section, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur to study the quality characteristics of certain promising varieties/genotypes of pea (Pisum sativum L). The seven promising varieties/and four genotypes of pea were evaluated for quality characteristics. The test weight of pea was recorded significantly highest in variety Shikha (327.55 g) while it was lowest in genotype KPMR-860 (275.26 g). Highest dhal recovery was obtained in variety Shikha while lowest in Sapna variety of pea. The variety Rachna was identified to have the lowest broken dhal recovery among different varieties of pea. The husk percent of whole grain varied from 5.57–9.76%. The lowest husk recovery was obtained in variety Sapna (5.57%) than rest of the varieties and genotypes. The range of variation for loss of processing in dhal varied from 7.74–15.29%. The variety Shikha had lowest loss of processing. Results on nutritional parameters revealed that protein content varied from 20.43 to 24.53 per cent in dhal. Highest protein content was obtained in variety Rachna while minimum in variety HFP-4 (Aparna). Highest methionine content was recorded in varieties Jai and Rachna, the value being 1.29 g/16 g N. Highest tryptophan content of 1.33 g/16 g N was obtained in pea variety Indra.

Chemical Composition, Pasting, and Thermal Properties of 22 Different Varieties of Peas and Lentils

Eleven green pea, five yellow pea, and six lentil varieties were analyzed for their composition and pasting and thermal properties. Lentils had higher protein content (25.8–28.6%) than peas (22.2–27.6%). However, peas had higher fiber content (19.8–31.4%) than lentils (17.8–21.8%). Both peas and lentils showed similar starch content (41.5–52.3 and 43.5–50.0%, respectively), and they were both low in fat (<1.6%). Micro‐Visco‐Amylograph tests showed C‐type amylograph patterns, except for Richlea variety. Thermal properties of flours were measured at 20, 40, 60, and 80% moisture content with a differential scanning calorimeter. Linear trends with a decrease in peak temperatures (Tp) were observed with an increase in moisture from 20 to 60%, and beyond 60% Tp was constant. Currently, peas and lentils are sold by mixing different varieties into classes based on the similarities in color and size of the seeds. However, significant differences were observed in chemical compositions and pasting and thermal properties among varieties tested. This suggests that it may be a good practice to use single varieties or group varieties based on their composition and functional properties, so that the end user may have a consistent final product when using the peas.

Evaluation of different varieties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) for yield and quality under late sown conditions in Eastern region

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of different varieties of pea for late sowing. Seven varieties evaluated were VL-Ageti Matar-7, VM-12, VM-10, Swarna Tripti, Swarna Mukti, Swarna Amar and HUDP-15 at experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during rabi season of 2016–17. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. The results of the experiment revealed that all the varieties exhibited considerable variation for most of the parameters studied. Among the varieties, VL-Ageti Matar-7 was observed to be earliest taking only 44.11 and 50.22 days for first flowering and days to first pod set, respectively, followed by VM-10 (54.44 and 58.89 days). Pod length and pod girth were maximum in VM-12 (8.04 and 1.19 cm, respectively). Number of seeds per pod and shelling percentage were found to be highest in VM-10 (8.25 and 54.33%, respectively). TSS was found to be highest in Swarna Tripti (18 0Brix) followed by VL-Ageti Matar-7 (17.01 0Brix), while lowest was observed in HUDP-15 (10.02 0Brix). In terms of yield and number of pods per plant, Swarna Tripti recorded highest yield/plot (17.80 kg) and number of pods/plant (11.83) which was followed by Swarna Mukti (14.14 kg and 8.86, respectively). Therefore, Swarna Tripti being the highest yielder can be recommended to the farmers for cultivation for late season.

Development and production response of edible and forage varieties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to temporary soil drought under different levels of phosphorus application

The change in weather conditions in Central Europe has led to the need to review current standards for fertilization of pulse crops. Physiologists claim that phosphorus may play a significant role in raising tolerance to a temporary lack of water in the soil. The objective of the 2-year field study (2011–2012) was to assess the effect of phosphorus application on characteristics of the aerial and underground plant parts of different varieties of pea and elements of their yield structure. The study showed that a higher phosphorus application rate led to significant intensification of photosynthesis and thus to more rapid vegetative development in the plants, manifested as a greater number of leaves and greater leaf area. The higher rate of phosphorus application significantly influenced the flowering process of pea during soil drought. The number of flowering nodes increased significantly as phosphorus application increased. The plants fertilized with the higher level of phosphorus produced a greater weight of root nodules with more <em>Rhizobium</em> bacterial colonies. Increased phosphorus fertilization had a significant role during the year of permanent semi-drought, 2012, resulting in a significantly greater number and weight of pods as well as a greater number and weight of seeds per plant, and thus a larger final yield.

Влияние предпосевной обработки семян на продуктивность и фитосанитарное состояние гороха

The article presents the results of field experience to assess the effectiveness of various formulations for presowing seeds treatment in different varieties of peas. On average for the years of research, the number of nodules on Tan variety (leaflike morphotype) exceeded the index of Varis one (tendriled morphotype). The seed treatment by Rizotorfina had some positive impact on the number of nodules, but the extent of this influence vary greatly, depending on the variety and years of research, and an average increase in the index to the control was 10.7% for Tan variety and 8.7% for the Varis variety. A noticeable effect was to mix Rizotorfina + Albite, a growth of nodules number on leaflike morphotype was 56.2%, and on tendriled one was 56.7%. The positive effect of the mixture Rizotorfina + Planriz was stronger at Varis variety. Cistern-mix with chemical protectants Vial TT reduced the number of nodules on Tang variety, but had a positive impact on this indicator on the Varis one. In 2011 and 2012 Tan variety less amazed by root rot, but in 2013, on the contrary, less disease progression was noted at Varis. The highest productivity of peas over years of research (2.13 t/ha) was provided on Varis variety, at seed treatment by Rizotorfina + Albite mixture. It was found, that the use of cistern-mix of Rizotorfina with Albite drug for presowing seeds treatment can significantly improve the productivity and sustainability of peas to root rot.

Hydration properties of different varieties of Canadian field peas (Pisum sativum) from different locations

As a preliminary step in improving the processing of whole pea, we investigated the hydration properties of different varieties of peas from different locations. Hydration capacity and percent stone seeds were determined for six varieties of marrowfat pea at three locations, 12 varieties of green pea at four locations and 14 varieties of yellow pea at four locations for the 2005 crop year. Samples were analyzed within 6 months of the harvest date. Water uptake rates were determined for selected varieties of each type of pea. Hydration capacities ranged from 57% for CDC Striker (green) grown at Hamiota, MB to 127% for Rambo (marrowfat) grown at Outlook, SK. Low hydration capacities were observed for varieties with a high level of stone seeds and were associated with a delay in the onset of water uptake. Peas grown in Eastern Saskatchewan and Western Manitoba tended to have lower hydration capacities than those grown in Central Saskatchewan. Based on these results, varieties for which water can consistently be absorbed to an acceptable level have been identified for whole seed processing.

A Stationary Threshing Machine for Green Peas and Lima Beans

A stationary threshing machine for green peas and lima beans has been fabricated and tested. The machine was developed from an FMC model 011-LV green pea and lima bean combine. The primary use of the machine is to aid in evaluating the yields from large variety trials of green peas and lima beans grown under the high temperature and humidity in Delaware. In addition, the machine will be used to 1) study the threshing characteristics of peas and lima beans to provide insight into conventional combine threshing and 2) evaluate the threshing characteristics of different varieties of peas and lima beans.

Utilization of different varieties of peas and of a spring peas-field beans association by the bacon pig

Utilization of different varieties of peas and of a spring peas-field beans association by the bacon pig

Energy and protein value of different varieties of peas (Pisum sativum L.) for the pig

Energy and protein value of different varieties of peas (Pisum sativum L.) for the pig

Varietal Differences in the Susceptibility of Peas to Attack by the Pea Moth, Laspeyresia nigricana (Steph.)

The variations in susceptibility of different varieties of peas to attack by the Pea Moth was investigated and an attempt made to determine and measure the factors concerned. Six varieties of peas differing widely in haulm length and earliness of maturation were used in each of two trials. In the first trial (sown 29th March) the early maturing varieties came into flower before the moths were recorded on the crops and suffered the lowest attacks. The later varieties were exposed to attack over a much longer period and suffered the heaviest infestations. In the second trial (sown 3rd May) the attack was more uniform over all varieties with the early varieties more heavily affected than in the first trial; they were exposed to attack from the beginning of flowering until harvesting.An estimate of the changes in the active moth population during the flight period was obtained and the varieties were compared in relation to the proportion of this population to which each had been exposed. There was a strong positive correlation between the degree of exposure and the incidence of attack on the different varieties.The infestation of the varieties was also found to be influenced by the amount of cover which each provided; those with the most dense cover suffered the heaviest attacks.Statistical analyses showed that the two factors, exposure and plant cover, were closely associated and exerted a joint influence on subsequent attack.Data from other trials corroborated these findings and showed that strains of peas bred to mature early suffered substantially lower pea moth attack than did the later maturing types from which these had been bred.

ALBINISM

Since only 2 authenticated cases of albinism in 1 of twins have ever been reported, the condition is of sufficient interest, I believe, to warrant the report of a third case. Albinism, known also as congenital leukoderma, congenital achromia and congenital leukasmus, is a congenital absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes. It is definitely hereditary and familial. Under the mendelian theory of heredity it is considered a recessive characteristic. For the sake of clarity it might be well to review briefly the work carried out by Abbe Gregor Mendel in 1865 and his theory deduced therefrom. He studied the effect of crossing different varieties of peas and evolved a law of heredity. Though similar experiments cannot be carried out with man, a careful analysis of pedigrees indicates that the same law holds good. Mendel took different varieties of the edible pea, one tall and the other short,