Different Types Of Recovery Research Articles

The effect of active vs passive recovery and use of compression garments following a single bout of muscle-damaging exercise

BACKGROUND: Some recovery strategies are needed to reduce or eliminate the effect of negative symptoms caused by exercise. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different types of recovery after single-bout strength exercises on biomarkers of muscle damage, cytokine release and lactate elimination. METHODS: Following familiarization, 10 male volunteers performed four randomized recovery protocols (passive or active recovery with or without compression garments) following a single bout of resistance exercise (squat and deadlift exercises). The blood creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukine-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α) values were measured before and after exercise, and after 24, 48, 72 hours. RESULTS: The CK analysis showed that all protocols significantly increased (p< 0.05) CK activity compared to the pre and 24 h post time points. Interestingly, protocol 3 and 4 significantly decreased (p< 0.05) CK activity compared 24 and 72 h post-exercise. LDH, IL-6, and TNF values did not show significant difference (p> 0.05) at the time points tested. CONCLUSIONS: Active recovery is an effective method for reducing the severity and duration of muscle damage and for accelerating the clearance of blood lactate (BLa) following a single bout of strength training. There is no added benefit of using compression garments.

Effect of Three Different Types Of Recovery After Intensive Training on the Aldolase Level and Some Hematological Indicatorsin Female Runners

Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to Acute changes in aldolase activity and some hematologic parameters compared to different recoveries. Subjects and Methods The research is of applied type and quasi-experimental research method which was conducted in field-laboratory form with pre-test-post-test design with control group on female semiprofessional athletes in athletics (runners) in Tehran. Sampling was done by simple random sampling, so that after informing and inviting interested people and passing the preliminary stages, 30 runners were selected as the research sample and randomly in 3 groups of 10 people (active recycling group (running), inactivated recycling group (sports massage) and inactive sitting). The main activity included a sports competition. Blood samples were taken from the samples in 3 stages (pre-test (fasting), post-race and post-recovery). In this study, one-way analysis of variance and SPSS statistical software v. 22 were used to examine the data at a significance level of P<0.05. Results The results of this study showed that there is no significant difference between the three types of recycling methods in changing the amount of aldolase and erythrocyte factors (P>0.05), but recycling by massage has an effect on reducing aldolase levels after strenuous exercise. There is a significant difference between the three types of recycling methods (passive, jogging, massage) in reducing the number of white blood cells and hemoglobin in favor of recovery by the massage group. Conclusion According to the results, it can be said that among the recovery methods, the use of massage was more effective in reducing the aldolase activity of female athletes after the run competition.

Physiological and Biochemical Evaluation of Different Types of Recovery in National Level Paralympic Powerlifting.

Background: Recovery from training is vital as it ensures training and performance to continue at high intensities and longer durations to stimulate the body and cause further adaptations. Objective: To evaluate different methods of post-workout recovery in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: Twelve male athletes participated (25.4 ± 3.3 years; 70.3 ± 12.1 kg). The presence of muscle edema, pain threshold, plasma cytokines, and performance measurement were evaluated five times. The recovery methods used in this study were passive recovery (PR), dry needling (DN), and cold-water immersion (CWI). Results: The data analysis showed that the maximal force decreased compared to the pretest value at 15 min and 2 h. The results also revealed that CWI and DN increased Interleukin 2 (IL-2) levels from 24 to 48 h more than that from 2 h to 24 h. After DN, muscle thickness did not increase significantly in any of the muscles, and after 2 h, muscle thickness decreased significantly again in the major pectoralis muscle. After CWI, pain pressure stabilized after 15 min and increased significantly again after 2 h for acromial pectoralis. Conclusion: The strength training sessions generate several changes in metabolism and different recovery methods contribute differently to maintain homeostasis in Paralympic powerlifting athletes.

Effects of passive versus active recovery at different intensities on repeated sprint performance and testosterone/cortisol ratio in male senior basketball players

Summary Objective This study examines the effects of passive vs. active recovery at different percentages of maximum aerobic speed (MAS) on performance in a repeated sprint test and testosterone/cortisol ratio in basketball. Methods Sixteen basketball players performed a 20 m shuttle run test and randomly 4 repeated 10 × 30 m shuttle sprint tests with different types of recovery: passive and active at 50%, 35% and 20% of the MAS. Heart rate, RPE, Cortisol (C), testosterone (T) and blood lactate concentrations were measured during the sprint tests. Results The results showed that the total time (TT) and best time (BT) for repeated sprints are significantly higher during the passive recovery than the active ones. The performance recorded during active recovery at 20% of the MAS is significantly higher than those obtained at 35 and 50% of the MAS. There was no significant difference in lactate concentrations and T/C ratio between passive and active recovery. Significant correlations (r2 > 50%) were recorded between total time and MAS for both types of recovery. Conclusion Passive recovery provides the best performance in repeated sprints. Also by comparing active recoveries, those of intensity below 35% of the MAS lead to a better performance in basketball players.

Performance analysis of heat and energy recovery ventilators using exergy analysis and nonequilibrium thermodynamics

The increased attention to energy savings has contributed to more widespread use of energy recovery systems for building ventilation. We investigate the efficiency of such systems under different outdoor conditions using exergy analysis and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. This analysis makes it possible to assess performance in terms of loss of work potential, to account for the different quality of energy and to localize and compare the different sources of loss in the system. It also enables the use of exergy efficiency as a single performance parameter, in contrast to the several indicators that are commonly used. These more common indicators are difficult to compare and relate to each other. Further, since there is no obvious optimal trade-off between them, it is challenging to combine them and develop a global performance indicator that allows for a sensible comparison of different technical solutions and different types of recovery devices.We illustrate the concepts by applying the analysis to a heat recovery ventilator (HRV) and to a structurally similar membrane energy recovery ventilator (MERV) that can exchange both heat and moisture. We show how the exergy efficiency can be used to identify the range of operating conditions for which the recovery ventilator is not beneficial as the energy cost is greater than the energy recovery. This is not trivial using traditional performance parameters, yet it is a natural outcome of exergy analysis. In addition, we identify the mechanism by which work potential is lost, which can help the eventual optimization of both the recovery process and the auxiliary systems present in ventilation systems.

Exploring the effectiveness of picture books for teaching young children the concepts of environmental protection

This research aimed to investigate the use of picture books by preschool teachers to instruct environmental concepts and their influence on resource saving by children. The study adopted qualitative research as a method to investigate 11 children aged 5–6 years in Taiwan. In addition, we used “the environmental protector” as a main theme, and designed three sub-themes, which included the Impact of Human Activities on the Environment, the Rubbish Problem and Recycling, and Environmental Protection and Resource Saving. We used eight young children's picture books that were related to environmental education to carry out eight weeks of teaching. The result of the research discovered that children's environmental concepts had increased greatly following the activities. The children learned about different types of recovery and the recycling of reusable resources and the importance of recycling; children also understood how to reduce rubbish, and how to use less water, electricity, and paper, plus other eco-friendly behaviour. Children saved resources through their own actions; for instance, children used less water when washing their hands and brushing teeth and brought their own hankies to school. Moreover, children also used less drawing paper and turned off lights and televisions without being reminded to save electricity. However, the reuse of plastic bags was not improved.

Performance and Cost Benefit Analysis of a Hardware-Software System Considering Hardware based Software Interaction Failures and Different Types of Recovery

In the present paper a hardware-software system that may have hardware, software and hardware based software interaction failures is taken. It is considered that a hardware and a software failure occurs purely due to respective hardware and software subsystems whereas a hardware based software interaction failure occurs whenever hardware degradation is not detected or repaired by the software method. It is assumed that, in addition to the software methods, recovery of the hardware and the software subsystems upon their failure may respectively be carried out by external hardware and software engineers. The measure of system performance such as mean time to system failure, expected up time of the system, expected down time due to pure hardware failure, expected down time due to pure software failure, expected down time due to hardware based software interactions failure, expected number of software repairs, expected number of hardware repairs, expected number of visits of hardware engineers, expected number of visits of software engineers, expected number of hardware repair by software method and expected number of software repair by re-execution are obtained using Markov process and regenerative point technique. Various conclusions regarding reliability and profit of the system are drawn on the basis of graphical studies. General Terms Stochastic Process

Establishing Directions for Qualitative Studies of Recovery

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article LettersFull AccessEstablishing Directions for Qualitative Studies of RecoverySamson Tse, Ph.D.Samson TseSearch for more papers by this author, Ph.D.Published Online:1 Aug 2012https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.20120p835AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail To the Editor: For some clinicians and researchers, the word “recovery” is synonymous with the speculative and nonempirical. In the June issue, Windell and colleagues (1) offered an insightful understanding of the personal meaning of recovery and an excellent discussion of the implications of a study examining the lived experiences of 30 service users during the early phase of treatment of a psychotic disorder.I recently distributed their article during our regular department seminar, and it led to an interesting discussion about concepts of recovery. We believe it is an appropriate time to establish directions for qualitative studies on recovery from persistent mental illness. First, although it is helpful to study recovery from various mental illnesses, such as early psychosis and bipolar disorder, it is also of paramount importance to collect context-specific, rich descriptions of the experiences of individuals at different stages of their recovery journey, such as individuals who remain psychotic and dangerous (2) and those who participate in an array of recovery-oriented programs, such as supported employment, Web applications supporting shared decision making in medication clinics (3), and the strengths models of case management (4).Second, because the volume of qualitative studies of mental illness and of experiences of recovery is steadily growing, the next logical step is to estimate how recovery experiences are linked with objectively measured recovery outcomes, such as employment status and the Recovery Assessment Scale (5), and whether there is a shared recovery trajectory. Currently we use an array of terms—for example, syndromal recovery, functional recovery, and personal recovery—which are often subjectively appraised by an individual to refer to different types of recovery. However, several unanswered questions remain: To what extent do these terms overlap, or do they refer to fundamentally different states? Is experiencing one type of recovery a prerequisite for experiencing another? Is one form of recovery more subjectively meaningful than others, and for whom? On the basis of Windell and colleagues' typology, does the psychological domain of recovery enhance the functional and social domains? How can findings about recovery that have emerged from qualitative and quantitative research paradigms be reconciled? These are epistemologically and clinically important questions.Third, I used the PubMed database to quickly review qualitative studies published during the past 25 years on recovery from persistent mental illness and found only a dozen or so that examined non-Caucasian, non-English-speaking populations. Thus there is clearly an urgent need to conduct more recovery-related studies of individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse and refugee backgrounds. In particular, studies should examine who holds power in the community to influence conceptualizations of the meaning of recovery and the indigenous treatments (for example, herbal medicine and acupuncture) that individuals use to promote their recovery. One of the potential pitfalls for ongoing research is that the person in recovery may simply become a subject of research and thus lose his or her authenticity as an individual with personal experience of living with mental illness. I therefore believe that a qualitative methodology is essential in recovery-related research.Dr. Tse is with the Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Hong Kong.References1 Windell D , Norman R , Malla AK : The personal meaning of recovery among individuals treated for a first episode of psychosis. Psychiatric Services 63:548–553, 2012 Link, Google Scholar2 Geller JL : Patient-centered, recovery-oriented psychiatric care and treatment are not always voluntary. Psychiatric Services 63:493–495, 2012 Link, Google Scholar3 Deegan PE : A Web application to support recovery and shared decision making in psychiatric medication clinics. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 34:23–28, 2010 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar4 Rapp C , Goscha R . The Strengths Model: A Recovery-Oriented Approach to Mental Health Services, 3rd ed. New York, Oxford University Press, 2011 Google Scholar5 Corrigan PW , Salzer M , Ralph RO , et al.: Examining the factor structure of the Recovery Assessment Scale. Schizophrenia Bulletin 30:1035–1041, 2004 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByNone Volume 63Issue 8 August 2012Pages 835-836 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 August 2012 Published in print 1 August 2012

Effect of Different Types of Recovery on Blood Lactate Removal After Maximum Exercise

Effect of Different Types of Recovery on Blood Lactate Removal After Maximum Exercise Introduction. Despite physiological changes caused by immersion in liquid medium, few studies have been conducted to determine the kinetics of blood lactate removal under these conditions. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of active recovery, using a specific water bike, on the blood lactate concentration after maximum intensity exercise. Material and method. Ten healthy cycling athletes performed an Anaerobic Threshold Test by Heart Rate (HR) on a bicycle ergometer and an Anaerobic Threshold Test by Subjective Effort Perception on an aquatic bicycle ergometer. Three maximal test was performed immediately before each recovery type, in three different days: Passive Recovery on Land - PRL (horizontal position for 60 minutes), Passive Recovery in the Water - PRW (horizontal position, with the help of floats, in swimming pool for 60 minutes) and Active Recovery in the Water - ARW (the volunteer performed exercises on a water bicycle to an intensity corresponding to 85% of the intensity of LA in water, for 30 minutes, and remained in the same position of the PRW for another 30 minutes). Blood samples were collected 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the maximal test, for lactate analysis. Results. The [La] blood did not show the difference between the three types of recovery at 5th min. From 15th min on, the difference between the ARW and the other two types of passive recovery was significant, and the ARW showed lower values. There was no significant difference between the PRW and PRL. Conclusion. Mere immersion in water is not enough to maximize the removal of blood lactate. This study demonstrates that active recovery held in water is effective for the removal of blood lactate in cyclists.

RECOVERY FROM ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE: RESPONSE TO COMMENTARIES

RECOVERY FROM ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE: RESPONSE TO COMMENTARIES

Symptoms and characteristics of individuals with different types of recovery from DSM-IV alcohol dependence.

Symptoms and criteria for DSM-IV alcohol dependence and demographic and drinking characteristics are compared for three groups. Group I (N = 1,044) consists of persons who formerly met the criteria for dependence but were abstinent in the past year, Group II (N = 2,325) consists of persons who were formerly dependent but did not meet the criteria for abuse or dependence in the past year despite drinking, and Group III (N = 22,204) consists of persons who never met the criteria for dependence. Members of Group II lay between members of Groups I and III in terms of the numbers of prior dependence symptoms and criteria, past level of intake, degree of familial alcoholism and history of alcohol treatment. Both groups of former alcoholics were equally likely to have experienced withdrawal, drinking more/longer than intended and tolerance. The criteria that most strongly distinguished the groups were continued use despite physical or psychological consequences, time spent drinking and activities given up, all of which were far more common in Group I than in Group II. Members of Group II had earlier onsets of heavy drinking and dependence than members of Group I, supporting the existence of a developmentally limited subtype of alcoholism that is subject to spontaneous remission in early adulthood without treatment. The paper compares three options for tightening the criteria for dependence, all of which remove more members from Group II (28% to 41% depending on option) than from Group I (12% to 19%).

凍害防御•凍結•解凍処理後に培養したキク茎頂の形態観察

Microscopic examination of cryopreserved shoot tips of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum KITAM. (RAMAT.)) revealed that only a small part of the shoot tip frozen in liquid nitrogen survived after thawing. Many different types of recovery were observed. Survived shoot tips showed two ways of shoot regeneration. In one, a small bump with smooth surface on a leaf primodium developed into a shoot. In another case, green spots appeared on the rough surface of the callus and these developed into a shoot. Treatment of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) caused the leaf developed from shoot tips to become abnormal.

Microstructure of aluminium during creep at intermediate temperatures—III. The rate controlling process

The aim of this study is to work out a microscopic picture of the second stage of creep of aluminium at intermediate temperatures. The substructure and its evolution during creep having been described in the two former articles, we detail here the movement of individual dislocations responsible for the main part of deformation, during in situ experiments in a high voltage electron microscope. The mobile dislocations are emitted by sources situated inside a few subgrains. They have to cut through subboundaries, and this appears to be the rate controlling process. This mechanism which is described as insertion followed by extraction, is studied in detail, as well as annihilation of mobile dislocations in other subboundaries. It is easier than the Orowan process, and it involves cross slip, but no climb. However, the stress necessary is higher than the applied stress, so that extraction requires high local forward internal stresses in subboundaries. The different types of recovery observed—static and dynamic—are discussed, and it is concluded that cross slip is the rate controlling mechanism of creep of aluminium at intermediate temperatures.

Longitudinal magnetic relaxation in superfluid 3HeA

Three different types of recovery of the longitudinal magnetization in pulsed NMR in 3He-A are found by solving the Leggett-Takagi equations by the adiabatic perturbation method and numerically.

Blood lactate disappearance after supramaximal one-legged exercise.

ARTICLESBlood lactate disappearance after supramaximal one-legged exerciseB. A. Stamford, R. J. Moffatt, A. Weltman, C. Maldonado, and M. CurtisB. A. Stamford, R. J. Moffatt, A. Weltman, C. Maldonado, and M. CurtisPublished Online:01 Aug 1978https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1978.45.2.244MoreSectionsPDF (1 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformationCited ByEffect of Different Types of Recovery on Blood Lactate Removal After Maximum ExercisePolish Journal of Sport and Tourism, Vol. 18, No. 2Lactate MetabolismCritical Care Clinics, Vol. 3, No. 4Dichloroacetate: Effects on exercise endurance in untrained ratsMetabolism, Vol. 30, No. 6Endurance and Recovery from Dynamic Muscular Activity21 November 2016 | Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting, Vol. 23, No. 1 More from this issue > Volume 45Issue 2August 1978Pages 244-248 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1978 the American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1978.45.2.244PubMed681210History Published online 1 August 1978 Published in print 1 August 1978 Metrics

Metapsychological and Dynamic Concepts

Integration and sealing-over are terms frequently used to describe different types of recovery from acute psychosis. Metapsychological and dynamic propositions regarding integration and sealing-over as recovery styles are presented and illustrated with clinical case material. Particular emphasis is placed on the different modes of conflict resolution characteristic of integration and sealing-over. The ego operations underlying these modes of conflict resolution are discussed.

Synergistic interactions between rad mutations in yeast.

Abstract UV-survival data are presented for haploid yeast strains carrying mutations in two or more rad genes. Some of these mutants are not, by themselves, very sensitive to UV-light but nevertheless show a strong synergistic interaction with other UV-sensitive mutants. It is proposed that such synergism arises when mutations block two repair pathways each acting upon a common substrate. Multiple-mutant strains have been used for exposing interactions between mutants which only become fully expressed in an “excisionless” genetic background. The results indicate that the seven genetic loci studied mediate three different types of recovery from UV-irradiation.